Reading Comprehension Reading Comprehension Skills — Strategies for Skills — Strategies for Meaning GuessingMeaning Guessing

•Ignore them and continue reading

•Look them up in the dictionary

•Guess the meaning

It is a historic fact that there is no social role that has not, at some time, somewhere, been played by a woman. Women have been absolute monarchs and heads of states. They have also been (out of the West) priest, tailor, soldier, and sailor. Women in one culture or another have played every role of the male.

1) Main Idea : __________________________________________

2) Guess the meaning of the words in red.

Women have played every role of the male.

Supporting details

Two basic approaches

• Using the rules of word

formation （构词法）

• Using context clues （上下文）

•Using word formation （ 法）构词

prefix ( 前缀

）

suffix （后缀）

un-

root ( 词根） forget

-able

unforgettableunforgettable

With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence. (2003NMET)

unconditional: 无条件的,

绝对的adj .

condition conditional 情况，条件 n. 有条件的 adj .

unconditional:

nonjudgmental:没有判断力的

judge

judgment

judgmental

判断 v.

判断 n.

adj.

nonjudgmental:

• Identity relation 相近关系

• Inverse relation 相反关系

• Cause-and-effect relation 因

果关系

• Definitions, explanations or

examples 定义、解释、举例

• Punctuations 标点符号

• Common sense 经验常识

Using context clues:

1 、根据相近关系猜测词义

Doctors believe that obesity isdetrimental to people's health. They

also regard smoking as harmful.有害的 adj.

also

Relational words: and, also, too, as well, so, neither, nor …… ……

At the beginning they did not have enough capital to start a business, nor were they able to borrow the amount of money they needed from the bank.

normoney

In the ancient city of Rome, we In the ancient city of Rome, we visit every visit every mansionmansion, church, battle , church, battle site, theater and other public halls.site, theater and other public halls.

Trees, Trees, shrubsshrubs, flowers and grass , flowers and grass are basic to parks or large are basic to parks or large gardens. gardens.

（官邸（官邸

））

（灌木（灌木

））

2 、根据对比关系猜测词义

eg. He had been getting better

but during the night before his

condition deteriorated.

get worse

but

Relational words(Relational words( 关系词关系词 ))

but but ，， however, though, although, however, though, although,

even though, even if, otherwise, even though, even if, otherwise,

nevertheless, unlike, on the contrary, nevertheless, unlike, on the contrary,

on the other hand, in spite of, despite, on the other hand, in spite of, despite,

yet, still, rather than, etc.yet, still, rather than, etc.

Rather than liking the movie, as I expected them to, all my friends abhorred it. dislikeIf you agree, write “yes”; if you dissent, write “no”. disagree

Rather than liking

noyesagree

Smith, who came late to every Smith, who came late to every meeting we have held, surprised meeting we have held, surprised us by being us by being punctual. punctual.

When you head a discussion, it is When you head a discussion, it is unfair to call only on your unfair to call only on your friends. To be friends. To be equitableequitable , you , you should call on everyone who should call on everyone who raises his hand.raises his hand.

（准时的（准时的

））

（公平的（公平的

））

because (of ) , for, since , so , as , because (of ) , for, since , so , as ,

therefore , thus , as a result ,therefore , thus , as a result ,

on account of , since , now that , on account of , since , now that ,

considering that, considering that,

That is why That is why ………… ，， etc.etc.

3 、根据因果关系猜测词义

--- Since you are my superior（上级） , it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do . （ 2005 年上海卷）A ． full of respect B ． too confident and rude C ． lacking in experience

D ． too shy and quiet

Since superior

3、根据定义、解释或举例猜测词义

(is; was; mean; that is; that’s to say; or; namely ; in other words ; to put it

another way; i.e , such as ; like; especially; for instance;

for example )

SpectaclesSpectacles are used by people who can are used by people who can not see perfectly or by people who not see perfectly or by people who want to protect their eyes from bright want to protect their eyes from bright light.light. (( 眼镜眼镜

))

AnthropologyAnthropology is the scientific is the scientific study of man.study of man. ( 人类学 )

• In the corner there may be a Christmas tree with its branches decorated with shining ornaments, such as colored lights and glass balls, and sometimes hung with gifts.

such as

饰物饰物

5 、根据标点符号猜测词义colons 冒号 , dashes 破折号 , brackets 括号You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or Readers.

A.dictionaries B. story-books

C. magazines D. newspapers

But the new study looks at the 25 “hot

spots”——areas that contain a big

concentration of plants and animals

——and predicts that 11.6 percent of

all species---

——

6、根据经验和常识猜测词义

In spite of the fact the fishermen

were wearing sou’westers, the

storm was so heavy that they

were wet through.

a kind of raincoat

• When you throw a stone into still When you throw a stone into still water of a lake, you will watch a water of a lake, you will watch a ripple ripple spread in rings on the spread in rings on the surface of water.surface of water.

• Most of the roses are beginning to Most of the roses are beginning to wither wither because of the cold. because of the cold.

（波纹（波纹

））

（凋谢（凋谢

））

Using context clues

1.相近关系

2.相反关系

3.因果 系关

4.定 、解 或义 释 举

例

5. 点符标 号

6. 常经验 识

Summary

再 见

In 1901, H.G. Wells, an English writer, wrote a book describing a trip to the moon. When the explorers landed on the moon, they discovered that the moon was full of underground cities. They expressed their surprise to the "moon people" they met. In turn, the "moon people" expressed their surprise. "Why," they asked, "are you traveling to outer space when you don' t even use your inner space?"

H.G. Wells could only imagine travel to the moon. In 1969, human beings really did land on the moon. People today know that there are no underground cities on the moon. However, the question that the "moon people" asked is still an interesting one. A growing number of scientists are seriously thinking about it.

• What does the underlined word "it" (paragraph 2) refer to?

• A. Discovering the moon' s inner space.

• B. Using the earth's inner space.

• C. Meeting the "moon people" again.

• D. Traveling to outer space.

B