迪拜 BURJ KHALIFA 大樓

學號 : 82451 學生 : 康索雷

老師 : 王磐石老師

•Introduction 前言•Evolution 施工年表•Foundation 基礎•Concrete pouring 混凝土澆築•External cladding 外部覆•Interior 室內•Conclusion 結論

前言Burj Khalifa Dubai, United Arab Emirates 阿拉伯聯合酋長國 is the tallest manmade structure in the world, at 829.84 m. [8] Construction began on 21 September 2004, with the exterior of the structure completed on 1 October 2009. The building officially opened on 4 January 2010. The tower's architecture and engineering were performed by a United State company . 由一家美國公司進行了塔的建築和工程

The primary contractor 主承包商的 was Samsung C&T of South korea 南韓 .The total cost for the project was about US$1.5 billion. 該項目的總成本約 15 億美元 . The decision to build Burj Khalifa is reportedly based on the government's decision to diversify from an oil 石油 based economy 經濟 to one that is service and tourism 旅遊 based.

Evolution 施工年表January 2004 Excavation started 挖掘開始February 2004 Pilling started 基樁開始March 2005 Superstucrture started 上層建築開始June 2006 Level 50 reached 達到 50 級January 2007 Level 100 reached 達到 100 級September 2007 Level 141 reached 達到 141 級April 2008 Level 160 reached 達到 160 級September 2009 Exterior completed 外觀完成January 2010 Official launch ceremony 正式啟動儀式

Foundation 基礎

• 45,000 m3 混凝土 , weighing more than 110,000 噸

• 192 piles 樁 buried more than 50 m 深 and and 1.70m 直徑 (diameter)

• 39,000 噸鋼筋 ( t ) steel bar.

« Y » 形基礎的優點•減少風對塔 的力量•保持結構簡單•改善施工性•提供一個很好的觀點

The superstructure is supported by a large reinforced concrete mat, which is in turn supported by bored reinforced concrete piles. The mat is 3.7 meters thick. A high

density, low permeability concrete was used in the foundations. 由一個大型鋼筋混凝土墊，這反過來又支持鑽孔鋼筋混凝土樁是上層建築的支持。 3.7 米厚的墊子。高密度，低

滲透混凝土的基礎。

Concrete pouring 混凝土澆築

• Engineers developed a special concrete mix 特殊混凝土混合 that was pumped 泵送 to a height of 606 metres. The mix was able to reach such astounding heights by running through a high-pressure trailer mounted pump (a Putzmeister 14000 SHP D). The concrete required approximately 40 minutes from the filling of the hopper to its discharge from the delivery line.

• To combat the hot temperature ( 50 degrees C) the concrete was not poured during the day. Instead, during the summer months ice was added to the mixture and it was poured at night when the air is cooler and the humidity is higher. 為了避免炎熱的溫度（ 50 度 ) , 工程師把冰加到混凝土裡面 , 澆在晚上，當空氣涼爽，濕度較高 .

External cladding 外部覆

• Over 300 cladding specialists from China were brought in for the cladding

work on the tower. 300 多名來自中國的熔覆專家被帶到塔熔覆工作

• The external facade of the building is made of a aluminium stainless steel

and glass and is designed to withstand Dubai's extreme summer heat. 建築物的外牆是由鋁，不銹鋼和玻璃 . 它的目的是抵禦迪拜的極端酷暑

• The total weight of aluminium used on Burj Khalifa is equivalent to that of

five A380 aircraft. 迪拜塔上使用鋁的總重量相當於 5 架A380 飛機

Interior

• 163 可居住樓層• 11 維護和通信樓層• 57 台電梯和 122 部自動扶梯• 1044 住宅公寓• 37 層高的酒店 hotels• 餐廳 ( 122 F)• 夜會 ( 144F )• 游泳池 ( 76F )• 豪華商店 • 49 樓的辦公室

CONCLUSIONThe burj khalifa

project is one of the highest of all the history. It has used 12000

workers, 22 millions of work hours. About 9.5 millions of tourists visit the burj khalifa

each year.

迪拜塔項目的所有歷史最高的國家之一。它採用了 12000 工人，22 百萬小時工作的，是當今世界最高與建設 839m 。 約 9.5 百萬計的遊客參觀迪拜

塔每年。

參考資料• http://www.burjkhalifa.ae/language/en-us/the-tower/worlds-tallest-

towers.aspx• http://www.burjdubaiskyscraper.com/2009/Burj-Dubai-Top/Top.html• http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?p=76367575• http://www.hitwebcounter.com/how-to/burj-khalifa.php• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burj_Khalifa• http://burjdubaiphotos.blogspot.com/2010/01/burj-khalifa-construction-

photos-aka.html