Lan man wan

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LAN MAN WAN

Presentation By

Yatin & Siddhant

Computer Networking

What is a Computer Network?● Collection of autonomous computers

interconnected by a single technology is called computer network.

● Two computers are set to be interconnected if they are able to exchange information.

● Connection can be through a copper wire, fiber optics, microwaves, infrared or satellite.

LAN(local Area Network)

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1.Covers a small region of space, typically a single building.

2. LAN is the smallest network compared to other two networks.

3. the simplest form of LAN is to connect two computers together

4. LAN is operated within a limited physical area such as at home, school, a single building or several buildings.

5. A network which consists of less than 500 interconnected devices across several buildings, is still recognized as a LAN.

6. LAN is very high speed network (from previously 10Mbps) to 100Mbps,which is faster than MAN and WAN.


MERITS OF LAN

● Resource Sharing : Computer resources like printers, modems, DVD drives and hard disks can be shared with the help of local area networks. This will reduce cost of hardware purchases.

● Software Applications Sharing: It is cheaper to use same software over network instead of purchasing separate licensed software for each client in a network.

● Easy and Cheap Communication: Data and messages can easily be transferred over networked computers.

● Centralized Data: The data of all network users can be saved on hard disk of the server computer. This will help users to use any workstation in a network to access their data. Because data is not stored on workstations locally.

● Data Security: Since, data is stored on server computer centrally, it will be easy to manage data at only one place and the data will be more secure too.

● Internet Sharing: Local Area Network provides the facility to share a single internet connection among all the LAN users. In Net Cafes, single internet connection sharing system keeps the internet expenses cheaper.

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● High Setup Cost: Although the LAN will save cost over time due to shared computer resources but the initial setup costs of installing Local Area Networks is high.

● Privacy Violations: The LAN administrator has the rights to check personal data files of each and every LAN user. Moreover he can check the internet history and computer use history of the LAN users.

● Data Security Threat: Unauthorized users can access important data of an organization if centralized data repository is not secured properly by the LAN administrator.

● LAN Maintenance Job: Local Area Network requires a LAN Administrator. Because, there are problems of software installations or hardware failures or cable disturbances in Local Area Network. A LAN Administrator is needed at this full time job.

DEMERITS OF LAN

LAN TOPOLOGIES

Bus Topology

All nodes are connected to a single communication line that carries messages in both directions.

Ring TopologyA configuration that connects all nodes in a closed loop on which messages travel in one direction.

Star Topology

A configuration that centres around one node to which all others are connected and through which all messages are sent.


Bus Topology


Ring Topology


Star Topology

MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)




1. Is collection of LANs with the same geographical area, for instance a city.

2. Is a network of computers located at different sites within a large physical area, such as a city.

3. MAN often acts as a high speed network(although not as fast as LAN) to allow sharing of regional resources.

4. MAN can defined as a group of computers and network devices connected together within a large physical area.

5. Companies that have several branches within the kuala lumpur city such as banks, might find a MAN useful to them.

MERITS OF MAN

● It provides a good back bone for a large network and provides greater access to WANs.

● The dual bus used in MAN helps the transmission of data in both direction simultaneously.

● A MAN usually encompasses several blocks of a city or an entire city.

● More cable required for a MAN connection from one place to another.

● It is difficult to make the system secure from hackers and industrial espionage (spying) graphical regions.

DEMERITS OF MAN

WAN(Wide Area Network)




1. Is the largest network of all network types.

2. The internet is the largest WAN in the world.

3. WAN generally covers large distances such as states, countries or continents.

4. WAN is group of MANs or LANs or the mixture of both network.

5. An example in the society using WAN is the banking organization.

MERITS OF WAN

● Covers a large geographical area so long distance business can connect on the one network.

● Shares software and resources with connecting workstations.Messages can be sent very quickly to anyone else on the network. These messages can have pictures, sounds or data included with them (called attachments).

● Expensive things (such as printers or phone lines to the internet) can be shared by all the computers on the network without having to buy a different peripheral for each computer.

● Everyone on the network can use the same data. This avoids problems where some users may have older information than others.

DEMERITS OF WAN

● Need a good firewall to restrict outsiders from entering and disrupting the network.

● Setting up a network can be an expensive, slow and complicated. The bigger the network the more expensive it is.

● Once set up, maintaining a network is a full-time job which requires network supervisors and technicians to be employed.

● Security is a real issue when many different people have the ability to use information from other computers. Protection against hackers and viruses adds more complexity and expense.

Technology used in WAN

● ISDN (Integrated service digital network) 2 types

● Basic Rate Interface

● Primary Rate Interface

● Frame Relay

● Switched multimegabit data service (SMDS).

● Synchronous optical network (SONET)

● High data link controlled (HDLC)

● Synchronous data link control (SDLC)

Difference Between

LAN MAN WAN

BASIS LAN MAN WAN

Full Form Local Area Network Metropolitan Area Network

Wide Area Network

Range A communication network linking a number of stations in same local area. Range is 1 to 10 km

This network shares the characteristics of packet broadcasting networks. Range is 100 km

A communication network distinguished from a Local Area Network. Range is Beyond 100 km

Media Used Uses guided media Uses guided as well as unguided media

Uses unguided media

Speed A high speed i.e. 100kbps to 100mbps

Optimized for a large geographical area than LAN.

Long distance communications, which may or may not be provided by public packet network.

Cost cheaper costly expensive

Equipment needed

NIC, switch and hub Modem and router Microwave, radio, infra-red laser

protocols Attached Resource computer network (ARCNET), Token ring

Frame relay and asynchronous transfer mode(ATM)

ATM, FDDI, SMDS

Any Questions