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Richard PRICE
Development of policy guidelines for the management of wetlands in China
Kiri-ganai Research, Australia
Area and Proportion of China’s Wetlands 湿地总面积及比例( 3848.56万公顷) (Total = 38.48m ha)
6%
15%
21%22%
Coastal5.94 mil. ha滨海湿地
Coastal5.94 mil. ha滨海湿地
Reservoirs & Pond 2.28 mil. ha库塘湿地
Reservoirs & Pond 2.28 mil. ha库塘湿地
Mashes13.70 mil ha沼泽湿地
Mashes13.70 mil ha沼泽湿地
River8.20 mil. ha河流湿地
River8.20 mil. ha河流湿地
Lake8.35 mil. ha湖泊湿地
Lake8.35 mil. ha湖泊湿地
Intensive aquacultureIndustrial pollution
Urban encroachment
Intensive agriculture
Examples of pressures: Qinhu Wetlands1 km
1) To raise the total number of wetland nature reserves to 713, including 80 Ramsar Sites
2) Have more
than 90% of
natural wetlands effectively conserved
China’s long-term wetland goals (2030):
The project objectives1.Develop 5 sets of guidelines for:
• (1) management planning and (2) monitoring of Internationally Important Wetlands,
• the (3) construction and (4) assessment of National Wetland Parks
• (5) wetland restoration2.Strengthen institutional co-ordination mechanisms
for wetland management in China3.Contribute to the develop related national policy
Project structure
Ramsar Guidelines Lei Guangchun Tian Kun Warren Lee Long
Wetland Parks Guidelines Yuan Jun Li Xiaowen John Howes
Restoration Guidelines An Shuqing Tony Sebastian
Technical
ACEDP Wetlands Project Team
Doug Watkins (Technical leader)
Richard Price(Project Director)
Richard Price(Project Director)
Amanda Bigelow(Gender & Participation)
Don Blackmore(Policy)
Chen Kelin(China Policy & Liaison)
Judy Andrews(Australian Liaison & Support)
Alison Russell-French(Policy, Gender & Participation)
Chen Jing(China Liaison & Support)
Policy & support
Chinese Office of Wetland Conservation & Management
(State Forestry Administration)
Ecological Character DescriptionLei GuangchunTian KunWarren Lee Long
Wetland Coordination Mechanisms Yuan JunZhang XiaohongJohn Howes
Achievements to date: Policy• Prepared and reviewed draft Guidelines
– focussed wetland management (maintaining ecological character)
– identified the fit within the broader policy framework• Reinvigorated the national coordination
mechanism for wetlands– National Implementation of the Ramsar Convention
Committee• Piloted wetland management coordination
arrangements at provincial / municipal level
Policy:RamsarWetlands
State Council
Ministry of Environment Protection
NIRCC (Supported by OWCM, SFA)
Various National Government Agencies
Various National Government Agencies
Nature Reserve Regulations Ramsar matters
Master Plan for each National
Nature Reserve
Guideline on Monitoring of Ramsar Sites
Guideline on Management Planning for Ramsar Sites
Ecological Character Description
CONCEPTUALIZATION OF NATIONAL WETLAND PARK PROPOSAL (by Provincial or Local authorities)
SUBMISSION OF MASTER PLAN FOR SFA APPROVAL
PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT OF A MASTER PLAN
APPROVAL OF MASTER PLAN BY SFA
CONSTRUCTION OF NWP BASED ON MASTER PLAN AND DESIGN DOCUMENT
ASSESSMENT OF NWP OPERATIONS FOR ACCREDITATION BY SFA
OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT OF NWP (FOR A PERIOD OF UP TO 6 YEARS?)
CO
NC
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EN
T P
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SE
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ISIO
NA
L N
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O
PE
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RE
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NW
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AL
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AS
E
ACCREDITATION OF NWP BY SFA (for specific period)
RE-APPLICATION
USE OF ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES
USE OF CONSTRUCTION GUIDELINES
6–8 year re-accreditation cycle
Policy:NationalWetland Parks
Policy:WetlandRestoration
Scenario 1 Site for restoration has been selected
Scenario 2 Objective of restoration has been set
Assessment of the site
Set objective
Assessment of the locality
Select site (s)
Develop proposal
Approval of proposal Feasibility study
Social & Environmental Assessments
Formulate Restoration Master Plan Objectives
↓ Targets/goals
↓ Methodologies
↓ Budgets
↓ Workplans
Implement wetland restoration
Achievements to date: Partnerships
Achievements to date: Capacity Building
Observations• The OWCM in China plays a vital role in focusing effort on
wetland policy and management
• The need for the Guidelines as a means of moving towards China’s wetland policy aspirations has been reinforced
• Capacity at the local level to help achieve the aspirations is limited
• Fortunately, the science capacity is exceptional and filling some gaps in local expertise – but this is not sustainable
• Local aspirations for wetlands can challenge the achievement of national plans
Recommendations• There is great value in adopting (and enhancing) the
Ecological Character Description and ecosystem services approach as the underpinning framework for wetland policy and management in China
• There is an urgent need to address the lack of capacity at the local site level in order to ensure successful compliance with the guidelines
• The Central Government should build on the NIRCC framework to enhance the positive contribution that many agencies can make to sustainable wetland management