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The rapid rate of urbanization in India has led to increasing plastic waste generation. This increase has resulted in a large amount of plastic waste, particularly plastic bags and PET bottles, being littered on the landscape of India. In this context, research has been carried out to contribute to the development of efficient policy approaches on plastic waste in India. Few policies have been enforced by the government to address the acute problem of littering in the country. The purpose of this project is to investigate the possibility of using Polyethylene Terephthalate as polymer additives in Bituminous Mix. The characteristics of PET-modified bituminous mix is obtained by fix mixing temperature, was investigated. The binders were prepared by mixing the PET in 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% (by the weight of optimum bitumen) with 80/100 penetration grade bitumen at temperature of 200-220 ºC. It may be inferred that PET-modified bituminous binders provide better stability when compared to conventional binders. Using PET-modified bituminous mix also contribute to the recirculation of plastic waste, as well as to the protection of the environment. Please use the below for Citation: Mahendra, S.P., Kumar, N.S., Prasad, K.V.R., Vijay, V., Rakesh, S.G., Likith, T., Yogesh, B.P., 2013. Study on Utilization of Waste Plastic in Bituminous Mixes for Road Construction. Proceedings of the International Conference on Futuristic Innovations & Developments in Civil Engineering (ICFiDCe ’13), Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi. [ISBN: 978-93-80624-88-4] Location: Sivakasi Event Date: Apr 18, 2013 Organization: Mepco Schlenk Engineering College Publication Name: Proceedings of the International Conference on Futuristic Innovations & Developments in Civil Engineering (ICFiDCe ’13) Conference End Date: Apr 20, 2013 Research Interests: Stability, Recycling of plastics waste, MSW, Plastic waste, Polyethylene terephthalate, and Bituminous Mixtures Follow the link for accessing full paper: https://www.academia.edu/9686909/Utilization_of_Waste_Plastic_in_Bituminous_Mixes_for_Road_Construction
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Utilization Of Waste Plastic In Bituminous Mixes For Road Construction
ICFiDCe ‘13
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ESTIMATED INCREASE IN WORLD POPULATION BY COSMOS NEWS
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INCREASE IN POPULATION
QUANTUM OF SOLID WASTE
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Increase in solid waste
Developmental activities
Socio-economic conditions
Change in Life Style
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HAZARDS DUE TO PLASTIC WASTE
SPOILS BEAUTY OF THE CITYMAKES PUBLIC PLACES FILTHYAIR POLLUTION ON BURNINGHEALTH HAZARDS
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NEED FOR THE STUDYDisposal of waste plastic is a major problem.It is Non-Biodegradable.Burning results in environmental pollution.It mainly consists of low-density polyethylene.Utility in Bituminous Mixes for road construction.Laboratory studies proving that waste plastic enhances the property of the mix.Disposal in an useful way.
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OBJECTIVES
• Physical properties- Aggregate, Bitumen and Filler.• Optimum Binder Content (OBC).• Optimum Plastic Content (OPC).• Mechanical Properties of Bituminous mix.• Comparison of Modified and Conventional
Bituminous Mixes.
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CONVENTIONAL PRACTICE
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MATERIALS & METHODS1
• AGGREGATE SELECTION
2• BITUMEN SELECTION
3• GRADATION OF AGGREGATES
4• STABILITY TEST
5• RESULT ANALYSIS
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AGGREGATE SELECTION
STRENGTH
HARDNESS
TOUGHNESS
DURABILITY
SHAPE OF AGGREGATES
SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND WATER ABSORPTION
AGGREGATE CRUSHING TEST
AGGREGATE IMPACT TEST
ABRASION TEST
SHAPE TESTS18-04-13
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AGGREGATE PROPERTIES
PROPERTIES OBSERVATIONS MORTH Specifications
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 2.62FLAKINESS INDEX 15.7%
MAX 30%(Combined)ELONGATION INDEX 18.08%
COMBINED INDEX 29.84%
ANGULARITY NUMBER 9
IMPACT VALUE 17% MAX 24%CRUSHING VALUE 20.15%ABRASION VALUE 20.80% MAX 30%
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BLENDING OF AGGREGATES AS PER UPDATED MORTH STANDARDS
sieve size
%passing midpoint 20mm
10mm
6.3mm
dust 31%A+18%B+31%C+20%D
(mm) A B C D
25 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
20 90-100 95 89.63 100 100 100 96.79
12.5 66-86 76 28.5 98.75 100 100 77.61
10 55-75 65 9.5 85.5 100 100 69.34
4.75 35-55 45 1.75 8.13 42.28 100 35.12
2.36 28-44 36 1.38 2.13 36.97 100 32.28
1.18 20-34 27 1 1.25 27.27 77.34 24.46
0.6 15-27 21 0 1.13 24.28 65 20.74
0.3 10 to 20 15 0 0.88 11.73 36.67 11.13
0.15 5 to 13 9 0 0.5 7.3 16.34 5.63
0.075 4 to 7 5.5 0 0.25 3.69 10.67 3.3318-04-13
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AGGREGATE SAMPLES- GRADATIONA- 20mm DOWNSIZE B- 10mm DOWNSIZEC- 6.3mm DOWNSIZE D- DUST
A
CA
DC
B
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TESTS ON BITUMEN
1 • PENETRATION TEST
2 • DUCTILITY TEST
3 • SPECIFIC GRAVITY
4 • SOFTENING POINT TEST
5 • FLASH & FIRE POINT TEST
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BITUMEN PROPERTIES
PROPERTIES VALUES(BITUMEN 80/100 GRADE)
PENETRATION 83SPECIFIC GRAVITY 0.99
SOFTENING POINT 47⁰CDUCTILITY 78cmFLASH POINT 280⁰CFIRE POINT 320⁰C
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MARSHALL MIX DESIGN
CONCEPT OF PHASE DIAGRAM18-04-13
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MARSHAL SPECIMENS
• HEIGHT 6.35 cm• DIAMETER 10.16cm• WEIGHT OF HAMMER 4.54kg• HEIGHT OF FALL 45.7cm• NO. OF BLOWS TO BE GIVEN ON EACH FACE 75
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MARSHALL TEST PROCEDURE
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MARSHALL TEST PROCEDURE
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MARSHALL TESTING APPARATUS
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OBC CALCULATIONS
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OBC CALCULATIONS
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MODIFIED PRACTICE
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Effects of Plastic waste on Bituminous Mixes
STABILITY
DURABILITY
FLEXIBILITY
WORKABILITY
ECONOMIC CONCERNS
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OPTIMUM PLASTIC CONTENT
SAMPLE
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OPTIMUM PLASTIC CONTENT
SAMPLE
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SUPERIMPOSED MARSHALL STABILITY GRAPH
PROPERTIES CONVENTIONAL MIX
MODIFIED MIX MODIFIED MIX MORTH
PET SAMPLE 1 PET SAMPLE 2 STANDARDS
MARSHALL STABILITY (in kg) 1650 2900 2390 Min 900Flow value (0.25mm units) 450 780 750 800-1600
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CONCLUSIONS
• INCREASED MARSHALL STABILITY VALUE.• OPTIMUM PLASTIC CONTENT.• INCREASE IN DENSITY WITH INCREASE IN
PLASTIC CONTENT.• INCREASED DURABILITY. • RECYCLING OF WASTE PLASTIC.• ECONOMICAL.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY• Dr. L.R. Kadiyali and Dr. N.B. Lal –“Principles and Practices of Highway
Engineering”, Khanna Publishers, Delhi-6.• Animesh Das - “Some Considerations in Bituminous Mix Design Awaiting
Implementation in Highway Construction”. • Mahabir Panda and Mayajit Mazumdar- “Engineering Properties Of Eva-
Modified Bitumen Binder For Paving Mixes”, Journal of materials in Civil engineering/ May1999/pp131-137.
• Priya Narayan- “Analysing Plastic Waste Management in India”, IIIEE reports 2001:11.
• Ramona Ledesma and L.L. Isaac, The City College of CUNY, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, New York, N.Y. 10031- “Effects Of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) & From Plastics Waste On The Thermal Properties Of Asphalt”.
• S.K. Khanna and C.E.G. Justo- “Highway Engineering”, Nemchand & Bros, Roorkee (U.A.).
• Dr. S. S. Verma- “Roads from plastic waste”, The Indian Concrete Journal, November 2008/pp43,44.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY• Tabrez A Khan , Sangita , D K Sharma and B M Sharma-“Performance
evaluation of waste plastic/polymer modified bituminous concrete mixes”.Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research Vol.68/November 2009/pp975-979.
• Tom V.Mathew and K V Krishna Rao-“Introduction to Transportation Engineering”.
• V. S. Punith and A. Veeraragavan-“Behavior of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures with Reclaimed Polyethylene as Additive”., Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering/June 2007/pp500-507.
• Yue Huang , Roger N. Bird , Oliver Heidrich- “A review of the use of recycled solid waste materials in asphalt pavements”. School of Civil Engineering and Geo Sciences April 2007.
• Zahra Niloofar Kalantar,Abdelaziz Mahrez ,Mohamed Rehan Karim- “Properties Of Bituminous Binder Modified With Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate”., Proceedings of Malaysian Universities Transportation Research Forum /Dec 2010.
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AKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors are grateful to Sri Rasool Khan, M/s K K Plastics, Bangalore for their help in carrying out this study &
we also wish to thank Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology
for supporting and providing lab facilities
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THANK YOU
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