Vom Laptop zum Grorechner:
Neues in GRASS GIS 7
Markus Neteler
Fondazione E. Mach CRI, Italy
http://gis.cri.fmach.it
In collaboration with:
Markus Metz, Luca Delucchi, FEM
FOSSGIS Konferenz19-21 Mrz 2014
Edmund Mach Stiftung in Trento, NorditalienLeiter einer
Arbeitsgruppe von 12 Personen, alles basiert auf Open Source
software
Introduction to GRASS GIS
Developed since 1982
Vax 11/780minicomputer
Wie alles begann
Letztes Jahr habe wir 30 Jahre GRASS GIS gefeiertDieses Jahr
hoffentlich den GRASS 7 release
Community sprints, even more...
Entwicklung heute sie u.a. so aus wie auf dem Foto:
Community sprints werden regelmaessig veranstaltetSehr effizient
durch hohe Entwicklerdichte und Poweruser (docu, Uebersetzungen
etc)
Naechste Woche OSGeo C tribe sprint in Wien
GRASS 7: Faster raster processing
Cost surfaces: r.costFrom non-linear (G6) to linear computation
time (G7)
Other speed figure:
PCA of 30 million pixels
in 6 seconds on this small
presentation laptop...
GRASS 6.4GRASS 7Was gibt es Neues in GRASS GIS 7?
1. Geschwindigkeit
Kostenoberflaechen
PCA (Principal Comp)
GRASS 7: New LIDAR LAS support
Import of LAS files as
- 3D vector points or
- raster map (using univariate statistics - binning to selected
res.)
Georeferencing of 3D point clouds (archeology)
Unterstuetzung fuer die Verarbeitung massiver Datensaetze, wie
sie beispielsweise bei Laserscanning entstehen
Hier schnelle DEM Erzeugung mit binning
Auch Georeferenzierung von 3D Punktwolken moeglich
GRASS 7: Faster Vector Topology
Spatial query exampleQuery of vector point mapsGUI: click on
vector map, what is there?
CLI: v.what east_north=east,north
GRASS 6.4GRASS 7GRASS GIS ist ein topologisches GIS
GRASS 7 mit praktisch neu entwickeltem Spatial index etc
North Carolina: boundary_county
Vector boundaries: simplification
Original: many vertices
10m threshold: reduced vertices
20m threshold: even less vertices
v.generalize in=boundary_county \out=boundary_county_simple_10
\method=douglas threshold=10.00
Generalization: simplify the geometry
without changing much the shape
(reduce vertices)
Vorstellung neuer Funktionen im Vektorbereich:
Generalisierung, dh. Vereinfachung der Vektorgeometrien
Auch interessant, da immer mehr freie Daten zur Verfuegung
stehen, die aber nicht immer 1:1 verwendet werden koennen
Increasing the number of verticesGRASS module:v.generalize
Various methods supported
Vector boundaries: smoothing
Black: original
Hermite
Chaiken + Hermite
Beim Vektor-Smoothing hingegen wird das Gegenteil durchgefuehrt,
es werden mehr Stuetzpunkte hinzugefuegt
Vector network analysis in GRASS
Es gibt in GRASS schon laenger eine Toolset zur
Netzwerkanalyse
Vector network analysis in GRASS wxGUI
Select points
Select method
Output
Neu ist die grafische Oberflaeche dazu
New Space-Time functionality in GRASS 7
Developer: Sren Gebbert
New Space-Time functionality in GRASS 7
Temporal GRASS (TGRASS) menus
Gebbert, S., Pebesma, E., 2014. TGRASS: A temporal GIS for field
based environmental modeling. Environmental Modelling &
Software 53, 1-12. (DOI)
New Space-Time functionality in GRASS 7
t.register: Registers raster, vector and raster3d maps in a
space time dataset
Example: daily MODIS Land Surface Temperature time series
New Space-Time functionality in GRASS 7
t.register: Registers raster, vector and raster3d maps in a
space time dataset
Screenshot: S Gebbert/A. Petras
GRASS 7: New animation tool for time series
Weekly temperature 2012 of Sicily (MODIS Land Surface
Temperature maps reconstructed by
GIS & Remote Sensing Unit, FEM)
1460 aggregated maps...
Unsupervised image classification Segmentation
i.segment - Identifies segments (objects) from imagery data.
Vectorize result with r.to.vect
Simplify areas with v.clean's rmarea (topologically merge small
areas according to threshold into next polygon)
Unsupervised image classification Segmentation
Different results changing threshold
GRASS 7: New bivariate Scatterplots
LANDSAT 7 2002 channels 1 and 3 of Wake county, NC
http://geo.fsv.cvut.cz/~landa/publications/2012/ogrs2012/poster/figures/
Tool for supervised classification of imagery data.Generates
spectral signatures for an image by allowing the user to outline
regions of interest.
GRASS 7: Supervised image classification
New Map swiping tool for multitemporal maps
Pre and post disaster images of the tsunami in Japan in
2011(MODIS images taken on February 26 and March 13, 2011)
January and June temperature of Sicily (MODIS LST reconstructed
by GIS & Remote Sensing Unit)
Integration:QGIS-Processing Vector dissolving example
Dissolving geometry example:Processing (former Sextante)
calls
GRASS GIS in a virtual session which
deliver the result back (here SHAPE file)
GRASS 7: Topological Vector in PostGIS 2
http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/manuals/v.out.postgis.html
http://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/PostGIS_Topology
Developer: Martin Landa
Cofunded by Municipality of Trento, Italy
New GRASS 7 Python API
http://grass.osgeo.org/wiki/GRASS_and_Python
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi2010201
Visualization: GRASS data export
for Augmented Reality
GRASS GIS, Paraview, and ARToolkit
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaging_a_risonanza_magnetica
Our FEM colleague -->
Personal comm.
A researcher's brain... From MRT scan
to Voxels
A researcher's brain... From MRT/CT scan
to Voxels
Convert DICOM to PNG
Import PNG into GRASS
Put 2D maps into volume
Export Voxels to Paraview
New cool stuff:
massive data processing
Since 2005 GRASS GIS is running natively on 64bit CPUs
GRASS GIS 7 also offers Large File Support on 32bit Windows
Installed on Grids and TOP500 supercomputers (AKKA Ume,
ENEA Frascati, Aurel Bratislava, )
Runs on Linux, AIX, Solaris, freeBSD, netBSD, ...
Various ways of parallelization
Since we like to think big, why to getting our tools on
Supercomputers running...
Indeed, we are already there:PROJ4, GDAL and GRASS GIS are
available even on TOP500 systems.
The harder part was to get it compiled on Non-Linux
Supercomputers :-)
For massive data processing currently job managers are
supported. Work is underway for GPU based clusters which require a
major source code restructuring.
Massive data processing:
also for you (even Laptop)
https://plus.google.com/u/0/communities/111147786674687562495
Since the home computer
only has 8 GB of RAM...8.5 billion points...Since not everybody has
a supercomputer reachable, a lot of efforts have been done on
processing massive data on even consumer hardware.
Here an example from a power user who managed to process 8.5
billion lidar points on his home computer.
With this touching base I would like to conclude my quick ride
through 30 years of Open Source GIS development and conclude
with...
Where is the stuff?
GRASS GIS Software:Free download for MS Windows, MacOSX, Linux
and source code:http://grass.osgeo.org/download/
Addons (user contributed
extensions):http://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/GRASS_AddOns
Free sample data:Rich data set of North Carolina (NC)
available as GRASS GIS location and in common GIS
formatshttp://grass.osgeo.org/download/sample-data/
User Help:Mailing lists (also in different
languages):http://grass.osgeo.org/support/Wiki:http://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Manuals:http://grass.osgeo.org/documentation/manuals/
Markus Neteler
Fondazione E. Mach (FEM)Centro Ricerca e InnovazioneGIS and
Remote Sensing Unit38010 S. Michele all'Adige (Trento),
Italyhttp://gis.cri.fmach.ithttp://www.osgeo.org
[email protected]@osgeo.orgEnjoy GRASS GIS 7!
PostGISomics
http://grass.osgeo.org
http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/wiki/Grass7/NewFeatures
Thanks for your attention!
2014, Markus Neteler Luca Delucchi, Italy CC-BY-SA license
million pointsseconds
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million pointsseconds
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