BODY AREA NETWORK

(BAN) Presented By

Faheema Monica (莫妮卡 ) ID - s20141501

University of Science & Technology, Beijing

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• 1. Introduction to Body Area Network (BAN)• 2. History and Development of BAN• 3. Architecture of BAN• 4. Applications in Healthcare• 5. Challenges associated with BAN• 6. Conclusion

INTRODUCTION TO BODY AREA NETWORK

A body area network (BAN) is a network that includes a collection of wearable devices. It is a specific type of wireless network with a very particular use and scope

A Body Area Network is formally defined by IEEE 802.15 as, "a communication standard optimized for low power devices and operation on, in or around the human body (but not limited to humans) to serve a variety of applications including medical, consumer electronics / personal entertainment and other" [IEEE 802.15]

MEDICAL BODY AREA NETWORK (MBAN)

Sensors used in MBAN are classified by two main categories:

A wearable BAN -for physiological monitoring An implantable

BAN-diabetes management, drug delivery through a micro-pump or micro-port, insulin. Figure 1: MBAN

sensors

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF BODY AREA NETWORK

Professor Guang Zhong Yang was the first person to formally define the phrase "Body Sensor Network" (BSN) with publication of his book Body Sensor Networks in 2006.

Some of the common use cases for BAN technology are:• Body Sensor Networks (BSN)• Sports and Fitness Monitoring• Wireless Audio• Mobile Device Integration• Personal Video Devices

Prof Guang Zhong Yang, Director, The Hamlyn CentreImperial College London.UK.

BODY AREA NETWORKS –TARGET POSITIONAVERAGE POWER CONSUMPTION, SUSTAINED DATA RATE

1000 mW500 mW100 mW 50 mW 10 mW

1 Gbit/s

100 kbit/s

1 Mbit/s

10 Mbit/s

100 Mbit/s

1 kbit/s

10 kbit/s

Wireless USB

IEEE 802.11 a/b/g

Bluetooth

ZigBee

200 mW 20 mW

Body Area Network

5 mW 2 mW

Figure 2: Data rate vs Power

BODY AREA NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

Hardware Architecture Software Architecture

Hardware Architecture of BAN Devices used:

Sensor node Actuator node Personal device

HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE OF BODY AREA NETWORK

Sensor Node: Gathers data on physical stimuli, processes

the data if necessary and reports this information wirelessly. Consists of several components:

Sensor hardware A power unit A processor, memory and A transmitter or transceiver.

Eg : i Rhythm 

HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE OF BAN

Actuator Node:Acts according to data received from

sensors / through interaction with the user.Components similar to sensors:

Actuator hardware (e.g. hardware for medicine administration, including a reservoir to hold the medicine)

A power unit, a processor, memory and A receiver or transceiver

HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE OF BAN

Personal Device: Gathers all the information acquired by the sensors and actuators Informs User (i.e. the patient, a nurse, a doc etc.) via

an external gateway, an actuator or a display/LEDS on the device.

Components: A power unit, a (large) processor, memory and a

transceiver. Also called a Body Control Unit (BCU) , body gateway or a sink. E.g.: PDA

SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE OF BAN Software have a well-defined interface to

integrate hardware and application programs. Software include three levels:1. Firmware, 2. OS And 3. Application Software Stacks. OS can be Symbian OS, Android OS, Blackberry

OS, Windows mobile etc.

BAN IN DIAGNOSTIC MEDICAL DEVICES Heart Failure (congestive) Heart Rhythm Management Bradycardia - beating too

fast Tachycardia - too slow Atrial Fibrillation or AFib -

irregularly. Hypertension Diabetes Parkinson’s Disease Epilepsy Mood detection / Depression Pain Management

Applications in Healthcare:

BAN MEDICAL DEVICES

Pacemaker Implantable Cardioverter

Defibrillator (ICD) Spinal Actuators Insulin pump Continuous Glucose

Monitoring Deep brain stimulator External & Implantable

Hearing Aids - cochlear implant

Retina implants Muscular signal

replacement

MOBIHEALTH

Figure 4: MobiHealth system, monitoring a patient outside the hospital environment

Fig 3: TMSI Device “Mobi”

CHALLENGES Problems with the use of this technology

could include: Security: Interoperability: System devices: Invasion of privacy: Sensor validation: Data consistency: Interference: Data Management:

This presentation demonstrates the use of Wearable

and implantable Wireless Body Area Networks as a key infrastructure enabling unobtrusive, constant, and ambulatory health monitoring.

This new technology has potential to tender a wide range of assistance to patients, medical personnel, and society through continuous monitoring in the ambulatory environment, early detection of abnormal conditions, supervised restoration, and potential knowledge discovery through data mining of all gathered information.

The role of Body sensor networks in medicine can be further enlarged and we are expecting to have a feasible and proactive prototype for wearable / implantable WBAN system, which could improve the quality of life.

Conclusion:

REFERENCES U. Varshney, "Pervasive Healthcare and Wireless Health Monitoring," Mobile Networks and Applications, vol. 12, pp. 113-127, March 2007. Schmidt et al., "Body Area Network BAN--a key infrastructure element for patient-centred medical applications, " Biomedizinische Technik. Biomedical engineering 2002, p365-368 L. Huaming and T. Jindong, "Body Sensor Network Based Context Aware QRS Detection," in Pervasive Health Conference and Workshops, Innsbruck, Austria, 2006, pp. 1-8. J. Luprano, J. Sola, S. Dasen, J. M. Koller, and O. Chelelat, "Combination of Body Sensor Networks and On-body Signal Processing Algorithms: the Practical Case of MyHeart Project," in International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN 2006), Cambridge, MA, USA, 2006. S. A. Taylor and H. Sharif, "Wearable Patient Monitoring Application (ECG) using Wireless Sensor Networks," in 28th Annual International Conference on the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, New York, NY, USA, 2006, pp. 5977-5980.