计算机系信息处理实验室 Lecture 16 Networking xlanchen@06/10/2005

计算机系•信息处理实验室

Lecture 16 Networking

xlanchen@06/10/2005

xlanchen@06/10/2005 Understanding the Inside of Windows2000

2计算机系信息处理实验室

Content

The OSI Reference Model

Networking APIs

Network-Resource Name Resolution

Protocol Drivers

NDIS Drivers

Binding

Layered Network Services

The OSI Reference Model

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model

7 layers

An idealized scheme

2K Networking Components

Networking APIs

protocol-independent

Transport Driver Interface (TDI) clients

kernel-mode device drivers

TDI transports

kernel-mode protocol drivers

NDIS library

Ndis.sys

NDIS miniport drivers

Networking APIs

Named pipes and mailslots

Windows Sockets (Winsock)

Remote procedure call (RPC)

Common Internet File System (CIFS)

NetBIOS

Named Pipes and Mailslots

Named pipes

Provide reliable bidirectional communications

Mailslots

Provide unreliable unidirectional data transmission

Support broadcast capability

Named pipe communications

subdirectories) | | “Pipe”| the computer

Example: \\MyComputer\Pipe\MyServerApp\ConnectionPipe

Named Pipe Operation

CreateNamedPipe

A pope operates in byte mode or message mode

ConnectNamedPipe

synchronously or asynchronously

CreateFile or CallNamedPipe

ReadFile and WriteFile (Win32 Func)

Establish the connection

Mailslot Operation

Name: \\Server\MailSlot\MailSlotName

Func: CreateMailSlot, ReadFile; CreateFile, WriteFile

Message size < 425 Bytes

Named Pipe and Mailslot Implementation

Name resolution: \\.\Pipe\PipeName

Npfs.sys Msfs.sys

Symbolic link: \\?\Pipe; \\?\MailSlot

EXPERIMENT

Listing the Named Pipe Namespace and Watching Named Pipe Activity

Windows Sockets

Microsoft's implementation of BSD Sockets

2K: Winsock 2.2

features

scatter-gather and asynchronous I/O

QoS conventions

Extensibility

integrated namespaces

multipoint messages

Winsock Operation

Support protocols

NetBEUI, TCP/IP, IPX

After initilization:

socket; bound; listen/connect/accept; recv/send

Winsock Implementation

Remote Procedure Call

Compatible with the OSF/DCE standard

procedural view VS. transport-centered view

Remote I/O request

OS : redirector|remote system, execute and

return|local: interrupt, & return to

caller

RPC Operation

RPC Implementation

Common Internet File System (CIFS)

A published Microsoft standard

An enhanced form of the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol

allows third parties to interoperate with 2K file servers and with 2K file sharing clients

E.g. Samba shareware

Redirector FSD

executes on a client machine & communicates with a server FSD

Distributed File Caching

To provide a consistent view of shared remote file

2K solution: distributed cache coherency

Mechanism: oplock

Three main types of oplock

Level I oplock

Level II oplock

Batch oplock

Oplock example

NetBIOS

Network Basic Input/Output System

NetBIOS Names

16byte

2K: first 15 bytes of DNS name + modifier

LANA number

NetBIOS Names TCP/IP addresses

NetBIOS API

Listen, …

unique

EXPERIMENT

Using Nbtstat to See NetBIOS Names

NetBIOS API Implementation

Other Networking APIs Telephony API (TAPI)

Message Queuing

Network-Resource Name Resolution

Multiple Provider Router

Multiple UNC Provider

Multiple Provider Router

Multiple UNC Provider

Domain Name System

Protocol Drivers

NDIS Drivers

Binding

Layered Network Services

Remote access

Active Directory

Network Load Balancing

File Replication service (FRS)

Distributed File System (DFS)

TCP/IP Extensions

Network Address Translation

Internet Protocol Security

Quality of Service

Active Directory architecture

Network Load Balancing operation

DFS components

QoS architecture

计算机系信息处理实验室 Lecture 16 Networking xlanchen@06/10/2005

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计算机系 信息处理实验室 Lecture 16 Networking xlanchen@06/10/2005

计算机系信息处理实验室 Lecture 16 Networking xlanchen@06/10/2005