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医学免疫学. 王嘉宁 mailtowjn@gmail.com 山东大学医学院免疫学研究所. Textbooks. 高等教育出版社: 《 医学免疫学 》 十二五规划双语教材 主编:孙汶生 《Immunology》 Chief editor : Roitt 《 Cellular and molecular Immunology》 Chief editor: Abbas and Litchman. 医学免疫学. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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mailtowjn@gmail.com
Textbooks Immunology Chief editor Roitt Cellular and molecular Immunology Chief editor: Abbas and Litchman
Immunologyimmune system ( immune response )(immune regulation
Annual Review of Immunology IF=52.43(2004),2009
2003600 15%53:
EPO:28%:15%:15%80%2004
Medical immunology Pert I. Introduction of Immunology Part II. Immune moleculesPart III. Immune cells and immune responsesPart IV. Immunity in Clinic and its Application
6002400
19183105000
41000
immunologyimmunityimmunitus1971
10
11171352; 16
17
1796Edward Jennervaccavaccination1798Jenner
1979
101919201971immunity against infection
Jennerhunter ??
19Louis Pasteur (live-attenuated vaccine)42-43 Louis Pauster (1822-1895)
18881890Behring(Kitasato) Von Behring
serology 1896Widal +Ehrlich1897theory of humoral immunity
1903WrightDouglasMetchnikoff Elie Metchnikoff1890Ehrlich
antigens20Karl LandsteinerLandsteinerABO
1924Well----1934Marrack----1937Landsteiner----1943Boyd----1949Kabat----
side chain postulate Ehrlichinstruction postulate PaulingNatural selection postulate 1955Niels Kaj Jerneclonal selection postulate 1959Burnet
BurnetTCRBCRTmBm
mutation
1945Ovein1953, MedawarBurnet
/ TB1957 Glick FabriciusXianguang Zhang 1961Miller1962Good
1942chase1960Petter NowellPHA1961MillerT 1962WarnerTB70T1983TTCR
MHCBBCRCD40CD19TTCRCD4/8CD28
19382050PorterEdelman1968immunoglobulinsIg
1975kohlerMilstein
1978TonegawaIgBIg
MHCJean Dauset 1916-, Nobel Prize 1970 for study on immunogenetics
anaphylaxis graft rejection autoimmune diseaseImmunodeficiency
1976JerneBurnet
Medical Practice & Scientific ExperimentsBioinformaticsCell BiologyGeneticsBiochemistryMicrobiologyImmunologyBiologyMedicineMolecular Immunology Reproductive ImmunologyDevelop Immunology Genetic ImmunologyImmunologic Pharmacology Aging ImmunologyClinical Immunology ImmunopathologyTransplant Immunology Tumor ImmunologyRadiation Immunology Infection ImmunologyImmunologic Diagnostics Preventive ImmunologyCalculating Immunology Herbal ImmunologyChemistryPhysicsMathematics
20
TimeNameCountryAchievements1901E. A. BehringGermanySerum therapy, especially against diphtheria.1905R. KochGermanyDiscovery of bacillus tuberculosis and tuberculin1908P. EhrlichGermanyProposed the humoral immunity theory and side chain theory of antibody formationE. MetchnikoffRussiaDiscovery of phagocytosis of cells and proposed the cellular immunity theory1913C. RichetFranceDiscovery of the hypersensitivity phenomenon1919J. BordetBelgiumDiscovery of complement and designed the Complement Fixation Test1930K. LandsteinerAustriaDiscovery of blood type antigens on human red blood cells1951M. ThelerSouth AfricaDiscovery of a vaccine for yellow fever1957D. BovetItalyTreat hypersensitivity by antihistamine1960F. M. BurnetAustraliaProposed clonal selection theory and immune tolerance theory in antibody formationP. B. MedawarUKPut forward acquired immunologic tolerance theory1972G. M. EdelmanUSAClarified chemical structure of antibodiesR. R. PorterUKClarified chemical structure of antibodies1977R. S. YallowUSAEstablished Radiation Immunological Assay
1980J. DaussetFranceDiscovery of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)G. D. SnellUSADiscovery of H-2 system in miceB. BenacerrafUSADiscovery of genetic control of immune responses1984N. JerneDenmarkProposed natural antibody selection theory and immunological network theoryG. KhlerGermanyProduced monoclonal antibody by hybridoma technologyC. MilsteinArgentinaProduced monoclonal antibody by hybridoma technology1987TonegawaJapanClarified the genetic basis of antibody diversity1990J. MurrayUSAPioneered kidney transplantation in humansE. ThomasUSAPioneered bone marrow transplantation in humans1996P. DohertyAustriaProposed MHC restriction dual recognition model of T lymphocytesR. ZinkernagelSwitzerlandProposed MHC restriction dual recognition model of T lymphocytes
TimeNameCountryAchievements
Review QuestionsYou will understand the connotation of Burnets clonal selection theory gradually following the further study. How do you comprehend Burnets clonal selection theory now? Try to describe this hypothesis.Try to explain how does vaccination prevent infections specifically?
Elie Metchnikoff was born on May 16, 1845, near Kharkoff, Ukraine. He studied natural sciences at the University of Kharkoff. After graduating from Kharkoff, Metchnikoff went to the University of Giessen, Germany, to study marine biology. In 1865, he discovered intercellular digestion in a flatworm, which would structure his later research. In 1867, he returned to Russia to teach at the University of Odessa. Shortly, after arriving at the University of Odessa he joined the faculty at the University of St. Petersburg. In 1870, however, Metchnikoff would once again return to the University of Odessa where he was appointed Titular Professor of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy. In 1883, he left Odessa and traveled to Messina to work privately in a small laboratory; it was in Messina that Metchnikoff revealed the phenomenon of phagocytosis. After discovering phagocytosis, Metchnikoff returned to Odessa, and in 1883 published his first paper about his work. In 1888, Metchnikoff left Odessa, and took a position at the Pasteur Institute laboratory in Paris. In 1904, after working several years at the Pasteur Institute, Metchnikoff became the deputy director. He remained at the Pasteur Institute for the remainder of his career. Eli Metchnikoff was the first of two Jews, along with Paul Ehrlich, to receive the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1908 for their research on cellular immunity. He was awarded the honor for the theory of phagocytosis, which demonstates the process of how specific white blood cells can break down harmful bacteria in the body. He also identified an apparent link between acidophilus-type bacteria and extended lifespan for humans. Acidophilus is a nutritional supplement product, which contains a given bacteria. He was pivotal in starting the relatively modern discipline of probiotics (are dietary supplements containing potentially benefical bacteria and yeasts. Also, along with P.P.. Roux, they researched the affects of using calomel ointment to treat syphilis. Metchnikoffs works include L'Immunit dans les Maladies Infectieuses (Immunity in Infectious Diseases, 1901), in which he elaborates on his research of phagocytosis, and The Nature of Man (1938). He received numerous other awards and recognition for his work including an honorary Doctorate of Science from the University of Cambridge and an honorary membership of the Academy of Medicine in Paris. He died on July 16, 1916, in Paris, at the age of 70.
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