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ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
1) Võ Quang Khải2) Trần Nguyên Phúc3) Trần Nguyễn Quỳnh Khanh4) Nhữ Duy Tùng5) Lê Trung Hoàng Quân
Key points
Basic and usual measures of economics
Human Development Index
Millennium Development Goals of UN
Achievements of Vietnam compare to those goals
Basic measures of an economic Gross Domestic Production (GDP)
Gross Domestic Production per capita
Gross National Income (GNI)
Economic Structure
GDP
GDP growth rate of Vietnam
GDP per capita
Gross National Income
Vietnam : $ 44.5 bil.
Economy Structure
But it’s not enough !!!!
The development, should be thought also in term of
people’s health, education, housing conditions, security, civil
rights and so on.
Ah ha….couldn’t agree more with you Mr.Dzung!!!!
Human Development Index (HDI)
• Was established by United Nations Development Program (UNDP)
• Including three dimensions of human welfare:1. Income (GDP)2. Education ( tỉ lệ biết chữ, tỉ lệ đi học)3. Health ( average year of life)
How to calculate HDI ? Will discuss at the end of the class
HDI of Vietnam• Vietnam HDI in 2008is 0.572, number 113 on
169 countries counted.
• Who has the highest HDI ????
NORWAY!!!!!!!!
UN MILLENNIUM GOAL1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger2. Achieve universal primary education3. Promote gender equality and empower women4. Reduce child mortality5. Improve maternal health6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases7. Ensure environmental sustainability8. Develop global partnerships for development
HAVE VIETNAM ACHIEVED
THE MILLENNIUM
GOAL ???
Eradicate extreme poverty and hungerACHIEVEMENT• Poverty:
1990-2008: decrease 75%
• Hunger: 1993-2008: decrease 2/3
CHALLENGE•Minority still live under poverty standard•New form of poverty•Complex solution to solve poverty that involve not only family income but also monetary policy
Achieve universal primary educationACHIEVEMENT• In 2009:-Number of children register for
primary education: 97%-Number of children finish 5 year
primary education: 88.5%• Smaller education gaps between
rural and central areaCHALLENGE•Budget and investment in education still make no significant improvement in enhancing the education system
Promote gender equality and empower women
ACHIEVEMENT• Create equal opportunity for
both male and female to achieve primary and secondary education
Ex: Proportion of female student in:-Primary education: 48.2%-Secondary education: 49.1%• Percentage of women in
government: 25.8%
CHALLENGE•Gender discrimination•Career Opportunities•Violence
Reduce child mortality
ACHIEVEMENT• 1990-2006: child
mortality decreases 50%
CHALLENGE•Education about child and health care
Improve maternal healthACHIEVEMENT• 1990-2009: Maternal Mortality
rate (MMR) decreases from 233 to 69 among 100000 cases
• Improvement in education for young parents about family program, laws and regulation, mother & child care program
CHALLENGE•There are signs that MMR increases again from 2006-2009
Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
ACHIVEMENT• HIV infected in 2010 is
0.28% of population• Improvement in
treatment center and virus control service (cover 53,7% in total urban area)
• Successfully prevent SARS, H5N1 and H1N1
CHALLENGE•HIV infection rate still increase•Need more laws and policy and plan to control HIV
Ensure environmental sustainabilityACHIEVEMENT• Forest coverage:
increase from 27,8% (1990) to 40% (2010)
• 83% of people in rural area have fresh water
• Education about environment
CHALLENGE•Fresh water problem •Climate Change
Develop global partnerships for developmentACHIEVEMENT• Join WTO• Cooperation with ASEAN
countries• Make use of FDI and ODA
from EU US and JapanCHALLENGE•Create more opportunities for cooperation with countries around the world•Trade balance
HEADING TO THE FUTURE
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT GOAL OF VIETNAM 2011-2020
ECONOMY•Growth in GDP per capita: 7% - 8%, around 3000 – 3200 USD•Stabilize macroeconomic with controlled inflation and unemployment rate•Re-arrange economics sector with 85% GDP comes from Industrial and Service sector•Urbanization growth over 45%
PEOPLE & SOCIETY
ENVIROMENT
• Generally reach high level in HDI•Stabilize population growth at 1.1%• Average Life Expectancy: 75 •Reduction in extreme poverty: 2% - 3% /year•Enhancing education system•Preserve and bring Vietnamese culture to the world•Ensure every citizen understand and follow the laws
• Increase forest coverage to 45%• Ensure adequate fresh water supply for agriculture and people’s living• All manufacturing firm must install chemical treatment technology
Summary
To estimate exactly the economic development, we need to base on at least these criteria:
1. Education2. Health3. Income
HDI is a good indicator to estimate the economic
development
Vietnam is developing fast and reaching goals of UN.
Though there are still many challenges but we are on
the right way.
Yeah yeah….glad to see you guys
don’t fall like the Soviet Union! Way to go my
friend
If you need some AK47 to shut US up…just tell us (joking haha!!!)
REFERENCE
Wikipedia
General statistic Office
Unicef
Nation Master
THANK YOU FOR
YOUR ATTENTION
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