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Gii thiu phn
tch khng gian phc v lp k hoch REDD+ cp tnh Vit Nam Chng trnh UN-REDD
Bo co cng tc chung Chng trnh cng tc l mt phn ca chng
trnh quc gia UN-REDD giai on II ca Vit
Nam
17-20/6/ 2014 & 24-26/6/ 2014
H Ni, Vit Nam
Bin son: Phm c Cng (FREC-FIPI)
Phm Ngc By (FREC-FIPI)
Charlotte Hicks (UNEP-WCMC)
Corinna Ravilious (UNEP-WCMC)
Nguyn Thanh Phng (UNEP)
t cng tc ny c phi hp t chc bi Trung tm Ti nguyn v Mi trng Rng (FREC) thuc Vin iu tra Quy hoch rng (FIPI) v Chng trnh UN-REDD Vit Nam giai on II, mt b phn ca Chng trnh UN-REDD quc gia ca Vit Nam. Chng trnh UN-REDD l sng kin cng tc ca Lin Hp Quc v gim pht thi t mt rng v suy thoi rng (REDD) cc nc ang pht trin. Chng trnh ny c khi ng t nm 2008 v c xy dng da trn vai tr v phm vi chuyn mn ca ba c quan ca Lin Hp Quc l T chc Lng thc v Nng nghip ca Lin hp quc (FAO), Chng trnh pht trin LHQ (UNDP) v Chng trnh Mi trng Lin Hp Quc (UNEP). Chng trnh UN-REDD h tr cc tin trnh tip cn REDD+ quc gia v thc y s tham gia c bo trc v tch cc ca tt c cc bn lin quan, bao gm c ngi bn a v cc cng ng sng ph thuc vo rng khc, trong thc hin REDD+ quc gia v quc t. Chng trnh UN-REDD cung cp h tr k thut cho vic t chc hi tho ny thng qua Trung tm gim st bo tn th gii (UNEP-WCMC) thuc Chng trnh Mi trng Lin Hp Quc. UNEP-WCMC l c quan chuyn mn v nh gi a dng sinh hc ca Chng trnh Mi trng Lin Hp Quc (UNEP), mt t chc lin chnh ph v mi trng ln nht ca th gii. Trung tm hot ng hn 30 nm, kt hp nghin cu khoa hc vi t vn chnh sch thc t.
Copyright 2015 United Nations Environment Programme n phm ny c th c sao chp li cho mc ch gio dc hoc phi li nhun m khng cn xin php min l trch dn ngun gc thng tin c th. Tuy nhin, vic s dng bt k s liu no ca bo co ny cn phi c s ng ca ngi nm gi bn quyn. Bn bo co ny khng c s dng bn li hoc phc v mc ch thng mi no m khng c s cho php bng vn bn ca UNEP. n xin cp php, th trnh by mc ch v quy m sao chp cn c gi ti UNEP-WCMC, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0DL, UK. Cc ni dung ca bo co ny khng nht thit phn nh quan im hay chnh sch ca UNEP, cc t chc, bin tp vin tham gia ng gp. Vic thit k v trnh by cc ti liu trong bo co ny khng m ch s biu hin ca bt k quan im no t pha UNEP hoc cc t chc tham gia ng gp, bin tp vin nh xut bn hoc lin quan n tnh php l ca bt k quc gia, lnh th, khu vc thnh ph hoc c quan chc nng ca bo co, hoc lin quan n vic phn nh ranh gii hoc ng bin gii hay cch t tn gi ng ranh gii hoc bin gii. Vic dn mt thc th thng mi hoc sn phm trong n phm ny khng mang ngha c thng qua bi UNEP hoc cc t chc tham gia ng gp. c gi mun ng gp kin bnh lun v bo co ny, xin vui lng lin lc vi: Charlotte Hicks, UNEP-WCMC: charlotte.hicks@unep-wcmc.org Phm c Cng (FREC-FIPI): phamcuongfipi@gmail.com Li cm n: Chung ti xin gi li cm n nhng kin bnh lun v ng gp u vo ca cc thnh vin: Phm c Cng; Trn Th Thu Hng; Bi Kim Chi, Phm Trn Hng, Trn Huy Mnh, Trn Th Thanh Hng, Nguyn vn Lc, V Xun Qu, Minh Phng, Bi Vn Hng, Nguyn Huy Hong, Phm Tin Dng, Phm Ngc By, Nguyn Vn Kin, L Th Thu, Nguyn Duy Nam, Nguyn Hu Tun, Hong Th Kim Oanh, Nguyn Qung Giang, Hong Cng Hoi Nam, Nguyn Nh , Nguyn Vn Hip; Phm c Huy Hong; Nguyn Tn Trng; Nguyn Xun Linh; Nguyn Vn Thng.
UNEP thc y p dng
cc hot ng thn thin
vi mi trng trn
phm vi ton cu v trong
cc hot ng ca t
chc.
Hy cn nhc trc khi
in n v hy s dng
giy ti ch
mailto:charlotte.hicks@unep-wcmc.orgmailto:phamcuongfipi@gmail.com
3
Mc lc
Thng tin tm lc .................................................................................................................................. 4 1. Gii thiu ......................................................................................................................................... 5 2. Cc mc tiu ca kha tp hun...................................................................................................... 5 3. Tm lc cc ch v kt qu ...................................................................................................... 6 Tun 1: Cp quc gia ............................................................................................................................... 6
Phn gii thiu chung ...................................................................................................................... 6 i) Bi tp v cc li ch v ri ro: ................................................................................................ 6 Bng 1: Tm tt kt qu ca bi tp thc hnh xc nh ri ro v li ich tim nng t cc hot ng REDD+ .................................................................................................................................................... 6 ii) Bi tp thc hnh v bn trn giy bng m: .................................................................... 7 Bng 2: Tm tt cc kt qu t bi tp thc hnh 2 ............................................................................... 7
Xy dng bn rng t nhin: ..................................................................................................... 8 Lp Bn cc bon: ......................................................................................................................... 9 Xy dng bn din bin rng: .................................................................................................. 10 Cc lp thng tin a dng sinh hc lin quan: .............................................................................. 11 Cc lp thng tin lin quan n dch v h sinh thi: .................................................................... 11 Tho lun cc lp thng tin u tin:.............................................................................................. 17 Phn tch a tiu ch ...................................................................................................................... 17 Lm vic theo nhm:...................................................................................................................... 19 Trnh din bng phn mm MapInfo: ............................................................................................ 19 Bi thc hnh v ma trn ch gii ................................................................................................. 19 Phn tng kt: ............................................................................................................................... 20
Phn hi t lp hc ..................................................................................................................... 20 Tun 2: Cp tnh .......................................................................................................................... 23 Thng tin tng quan .................................................................................................................... 23
Gii thiu kha hc ........................................................................................................................ 23 Xy dng bn rng t nhin .................................................................................................... 25 Xy dng bn thay i che ph rng .................................................................................. 26 Xy dng bn cc bon rng...................................................................................................... 28
a dng sinh hc v mc phong ph v thnh phn loi ......................................................... 28 Bn ma trn ch gii ................................................................................................................ 29 Phn hi t hc vin t vic tham gia lp tp hun ..................................................................... 29
Ph lc 1: Danh sch tham gia ............................................................................................................... 30 Ph lc 2: Lch lm vic ................................................................................................................ 33
4
Thng tin tm lc
Bo co ny m t chi tit ni dung v kt qu ca hai t cng tc chung v phn tch khng gian nhm h
tr lp k hoch REDD+ cp tnh din ra ti H Ni, Vit Nam vo thng 6 nm 2014. Mc ch ca cc bui
lm vic ny cng vi cc cn b chuyn mn c cp quc gia v cp tnh nhm gii thiu v xc tin hp
tc v cc phng php phn tch khng gian h tr vic xy dng k hoch hnh ng REDD+ cp tnh
(PRAP).
C hai chuyn cng tc ny l mt phn ca s hp tc gia Chng trnh UN-REDD Vit Nam giai on II,
Trung tm Gim st bo tn th gii - Chng trnh Mi trng Lin Hp Quc (UNEP-WCMC) v Trung tm
Ti nguyn rng v Mi trng lm nghip (FREC) thuc Vin iu tra Quy hoch rng (FIPI). Nhng i tc
ny ang cng cng tc h tr vic s dng phn tch khng gian cho lp k hoch REDD+ ti cc tnh th im
ca Chng trnh UN-REDD Vit Nam giai on II bao gm Bc Kn, Bnh Thun, C Mau, H Tnh, Lm ng
v Lo Cai. Mc ch ca hot ng ny nhm cung cp thng tin cho lp k hoch REDD+ cp tnh v trin
khai thc hin bng cch trnh by nhng li ch v nh i lin quan n cc hnh ng REDD+ ti cc a
im c th, cc loi hnh s dng t v cc h sinh thi.
Tun u tin ca kha tp hun do UNEP-WCMC m nhim vi 12 thnh vin tham gia i din cc c
quan, t chc i tc cp trung ng, nhng hc vin ny s ng vai tr ch tr o to v h tr cc tnh
th im UN-REDD trong qu trnh xy dng K hoch REDD+ ca cc tnh (PRAP). Kha tp hun tip theo
do FREC ch tr vi s h tr ca cn b thuc t chc UNEP-WCMC, cng vi 13 thnh vin tham d vi
thnh phn ch yu t cc chi cc kim lm, chi cc lm nghip, S ti nguyn v mi trng ca cc tnh
th im thc hin UN-REDD.
Mc d c s khc bit trong cc ch v phn mm s dng gia hai tun tp hun, ni dung chnh bao
gm:
Gii thiu v REDD+ v thc hin REDD+ Vit Nam v vai tr ca phn tch khng gian trong lp
k hoch REDD+;
Mi tng quan gia rng t nhin ti v hot ng REDD+ v xy dng bn rng t nhin;
Lp bn din bin rng v tr lng cc bon;
S dng d liu quc t v cc cng c lp cc lp bn lin quan n cc dch v h sinh
thi v a dng sinh hc;
Lp cc lp bn lin quan n p lc vo rng v ri ro i vi vic thc hin REDD+;
Phn tch a tiu ch v li ch v ri ro REDD+;
Chng xp v kt hp cc lp bn , v d a dng loi v tr lng cc bon.
Cc cuc tho lun, kt qu v th nghim cc cng c trong hai kha tp hun s cung cp thng tin v lp
k hoch h tr tip tc v quy hoch khng gian cho cc tnh th im khi cc tnh xy dng PRAP.
5
1. Gii thiu
Hai t tp hun v phn tch khng gian h tr REDD+
cp tnh lp k hoch din ra ti H Ni, Vit Nam, trong
thi gian t ngy 17- 20 thng 6 v t ngy 24-26 thng 6
nm 2014. C 2 t tp hun ny u nhm mc ch gii
thiu v xc tin hp tc v cc phng php phn tch
khng gian h tr s xy dng k hoch hnh ng REDD+
cp tnh (PRAP) trong khun kh Chng trnh UN-REDD Vit
Nam giai on II.
Chng trnh UN-REDD Vit Nam giai on II c ph
duyt vo gia nm 2013 v s kt thc vo cui nm 2015.
Mc tiu ca Chng trnh giai on II l: tng cng kh
nng hng li t nhng hot ng chi tr da vo kt qu
REDD+ trong tng lai ng thi thc hin nhng ci cch
trong ngnh lm nghip. Chng trnh ny s tin hnh nng
cao nng lc v h tr k thut cp quc gia v cp tnh,
cng nh thc y cc hot ng ban u ti 6 tnh th im
bao gm: Bc Kn, Bnh Thun, C Mau, H Tnh, Lm ng
v Lo Cai.
Trung tm theo di Bo tn Th gii thuc Chng trnh Mi trng Lin Hp Quc (UNEP-WCMC) cng
cng tc vi Trung tm ti nguyn v mi trng rng (FREC) thuc Vin iu tra quy hoch rng (FIPI), h
tr vic s dng phng php phn tch khng gian cho lp k hoch REDD+ ti cc tnh th im ca Chng
trnh UNREDD. Mc ch ca s cng tc ny cung cp thng tin cho vic lp k hoch REDD+ cp tnh v
trin khai thc hin bng cch trnh by nhng li ch v s nh i lin quan n cc hnh ng REDD+ ti
cc a im c th, cc loi hnh s dng t v cc h sinh thi. Phn tch tim nng a li ch v ri ro t
REDD+ c th gip xy dng mt chin lc REDD+ v cung cp thng tin v nhng can thip nhm gii quyt
nhng mi quan tm v chnh sch quan trng, chng hn nh bo m ci thin sinh k nng thn, v duy
tr hoc tng cng cc dch v h sinh thi quan trng.
Tun tp hun u tin do UNEP-WCMC ch tr v s dng phn mm ch yu l ArcGIS, bao gm 12 hc
vin n t cc t chc i tc cp trung ng ti Vit Nam, nhng ngi d kin s ng vai tr ch cht
trong o to v h tr cc tnh th im UN-REDD xy dng PRAP trong nhng thng ti. Tun tp hun
th hai do FREC ch tr v s dng phn mm MapInfo vi 13 hc vin tham gia n t cc chi cc Lm
nghip, chi cc Kim lm, phng ti nguyn v mi trng ca cc tnh th im UN-REDD (danh sch ngi
tham gia c cung cp trong Ph lc 1).
2. Cc mc tiu ca kha tp hun
Mc ch ca hai t tp hun cp quc gia v cp tnh tham gia nhm gii thiu v xc tin hp tc v
cc phng php phn tch khng gian h tr xy dng k hoch hnh ng REDD+ cp tnh (PRAP). Cc
mc tiu c th ca t tp hun l:
Hp 1: REDD+ l g?
REDD+ (gim pht thi t mt rng v suy
thoi rng) l mt sng kin nhm ng ph
vi bin i kh hu thng qua nhng
khuyn khch trong vic thay i cch thc
s dng v qun l rng, theo lng
pht thi kh nh knh t rng c gim
thiu v hp th carbon c tng ln.
REDD+ c th yu cu nhiu hnh ng
khc nhau, chng hn nh bo v rng
ngn nga chy rng hoc khai thc g bt
hp php hoc phc hi cc khu vc rng
b suy thoi.
Ghi ch: Du "+" cp ti vic a vo cc
hot ng b sung sau y, i) bo tn tr lng
cc bon rng, ii) qun l rng bn vng v iii)
Tng cng tr lng cc bon rng.
6
Xy dng nng lc cho cc cn b k thut v phn tch khng gian cung cp thng tin cho vic
xy dng PRAP, v cho cc loi bn cp tnh ch r cc khu vc tim nng cho cc hnh ng
REDD+;
Pht trin cc phng php tip cn h tr v quy hoch khng gian cho REDD+ ti cc tnh th
im ca chng trnh UN-REDD ti Vit Nam;
Cung cp cho cc i tc quc gia kin thc v cc cng c s dng v o to cn b k thut
cho cc bn lin quan cc tnh th im.
3. Tm lc cc ch v kt qu1
Tun 1: Cp quc gia
Phn gii thiu chung
Tin s Phm Mnh Cng, Gim c Quc gia ca Chng trnh UN-REDD giai on II Vit Nam, cho
mng tt c cc hc vin tham gia. Sau phn t gii thiu ca cc hc vin, ng Nguyn Thanh Phng
(UNEP, Ban Qun l Chng trnh UN-REDD, PMU) cung cp thng tin tng quan v cc mc tiu ca t
tp hun v chng trnh d kin.
Tin s Cng c bi trnh by v tnh hnh REDD+ Vit Nam, gii thiu REDD+ tng th l mt cng c
thc y qun l rng, bo v v s dng bn vng, v hin trng qu trnh thc hin REDD+ ti Vit
Nam. ng cng cung cp mt bc tranh tng quan v qu trnh PRAP v cc nguyn tc xy dng PRAP.
Tip , b Charlotte Hicks (UNEP-WCMC) sau trnh by v vai tr ca phn tch khng gian trong lp k
hoch REDD+, c bit l lm th no c th gp phn thc y a li ch, gim thiu ri ro v a ra cc
bin php m bo an ton. Nhng bi trnh by gii thiu c lit k di y vi hai bi tp tng tc:
i) Bi tp v cc li ch v ri ro:
Bi tp u tin ny lin quan n phn chia nhng ngi tham gia trong cc nhm nh t 2-3 ngi, mi
nhm chn la mt hnh ng REDD+ (cn c gi l can thip) v s dng biu xc nh cc ri ro
v li ch tim nng, ng thi a ra bin php can thip v mt qun l theo c th gim thiu ri ro
v ti a ha li ch. Bng di y tm tt cc kt qu ca bi tp:
Bng 1: Tm tt kt qu ca bi tp thc hnh xc nh ri ro v li ich tim nng t cc hot ng REDD+
Hot ng REDD+ Tim nng li ch/ri ro Chin lc
M rng mng li cc khu bo tn (PA) hoc thnh lp khu mi R
i r
o Mt t canh tc
Mt t chn th gia sc
Thay th
Cc chnh sch chia s Li ch/ bi thng cho ngi dn
Xy dng h thng nng lm kt hp
Li
ch
Kim sot ngun nc/h thy vn c ci thin
Tng cng tr lng cc bon
Ci thin sinh k cho ngi dn a phng
Ci thin cht lng mi trng
u tin s dng cc loi bn a v phng php trng xen ln cc loi
Xy dng k hoch qun l rng / rng c dng
Gim st ti nguyn rng
1 Xem ph lc 2 bit chng trnh tp hun
7
Thc y gii php sinh k thay th gim thiu p lc ln rng
R
i ro
Thay i phng php canh tc, nhng c th thiu vn, kin thc v kinh nghim
Chnh sch h tr tip cn tn dng
o to k thut
Li
ch a dng ha sinh k / vic
lm cho mi ngi
a dng ha cc sn phm
Bo tn a dng sinh hc
Chn ngh ph hp vi nhu cu / iu kin a phng
Tm kim cc th trng mi cho sn phm
Giao t lm nghip cho ngi dn a phng / qun l rng cng ng
R
i ro
Mt t sn xut nng
nghip v chn th gia sc
Thiu kin thc
Thc y nng lm kt hp
Tng din tch trng cy
o to cho ngi dn v li ch ca vic bo v rng
Li
ch
Rng hin c c bo v tt hn
Tng cng cht lng ca rng
Gim xi mn t
Tng cng tr lng cc bon
Gim tc ng ca bin i kh hu
Gn kt vi cc hot ng chi tr cc dch v h sinh thi rng (PFES)
nh gi / tnh ton gi tr cc dch v h sinh thi
Thc y chng ch qun l rng bn vng
ii) Bi tp thc hnh v bn trn giy bng m:
i vi bi tp th hai, hc vin chia thnh hai nhm tho lun v cc mc tiu m h mun t c
cho mt hnh ng c th ca REDD+ v sau chng xp cc bn trn giy bng m la chn a
im cho cc hnh ng. Cc lp thng tin bn bao gm lp hin th thng tin c bn trong quy hoch
(v d nh loi rng, tr lng cc bon, s dng t/che ph t), a li ch tim nng (v d nh khu vc
c tm quan trng i vi a dng sinh hc), v p lc (v d nh khu vc nh hng ca con ngi, mng
li ng giao thng). Cc nhm in bng chi tit cc mc tiu ca h cho cc hnh ng REDD+ v cc
lp thng tin trn bn m h la chn:
Bng 2: Tm tt cc kt qu t bi tp thc hnh 2
Nhm 1 Nhm 2
Cc hnh ng REDD+ c xem xt: sinh k thay th gim p lc vo rng hin c
Cc mc tiu REDD+: Gim s ph thuc vo ti nguyn rng Nng cao cht lng cuc sng ca
ngi dn
Gim suy thoi rng v mt rng
Bo v mi trng sng ca ng vt v
thc vt, bo tn ngun gen
Gim sn bn, khai thc g v bun bn
lm sn tri php
Cc mc tiu REDD+: Bo tn a dng sinh hc
Pht trin kinh t a phng
Xa i gim ngho
Nng cao kh nng bo v t, nc
Pht trin du lch sinh thi
8
Cc bn c la chn v l do ti sao: Bn nn: S dng t / che ph t: bit v phn b ca rng v t lm nghip. Chng xp:
Ba loi rng: V cc chnh sch i vi
tng loi rng khc nhau.
Bn cc khu vc a dng sinh hc
quan trng/chnh (KBAs): bit cc khu
vc tp trung vo bo tn a dng sinh
hc.
Bn Dn s/tc ng ca con ngi:
bit khu vc m ngi dn cn c
s dng pht trin kinh t-x hi, ni
ny gip gim s ph thuc vo rng.
Bn mng li giao thng: L c s
cho vic thc hin cc bin php pht
trin kinh t-x hi ca ngi dn a
phng.
Cc bn c la chn v l do ti sao: Bn nn: S dng t / che ph t: Cung cp nhiu thng tin. Chng xp:
ng x: iu kin giao thng thun
tin pht trin kinh t-x hi v du
lch sinh thi.
nh hng ca con ngi: nm r
cc mi e da tim nng i vi rng.
Rng sn xut: xc nh cc khu vc
pht trin kinh t-x hi ca ngi dn
a phng.
Cc khu vc a dng sinh hc quan
trng/chnh (KBAs): xc nh cc khu
vc bo tn a dng sinh hc.
D liu khng c sn m s c th hu ch:
Bn quy hoch s dng t
bn lp a
D liu khng c sn m c th hu ch:
Bn quy hoch s dng t
K hoch pht trin kinh t x hi
K hoch thy in
Xy dng bn rng t nhin:
Ch k thut u tin c cp trong khun kh kha tp hun l lp bn rng t nhin. ng Phm
c Cng (FREC) khi u bng vic tho lun v nh ngha v rng ca Vit Nam v cch thc nh ngha
ny lin quan nhng th no ti rng t nhin v cc b cha cc bon. S dng s liu iu tra rng ton
quc nm 2010 (NFI) cho thy che ph rng/t rng tnh Lo Cai, cc hc vin phn loi rng ca tnh
vi rng t nhin, rng trng v t khng c rng, ng thi chun b mt bn hin th ba loi rng ny
(Hnh 1 di y). Cng c mt s kin tho lun v l do ti sao rng t nhin l mi quan tm trong lp
k hoch REDD+, v nu bt tm quan trng ca rng t nhin trong vic gii quyt cc vn v bin php
m bo an ton theo tha thun Cancun.
9
Cc hc vin thng nht rng nhng cp sau i din cho rng t nhin, mc d c mt s kin
tho lun v cc loi rng tre na v rng ngp mn, m trong c th xen ln rng trng v rng t nhin
(mc d rng ngp mn khng hin din trong v d ny i vi tnh Lo Cai).
M
trng
thi
S dng t Nhm Loi hnh
1 G Rng l rng thng xanh- giu Rng t nhin
2 TB Rng l rng thng xanh trung bnh Rng t nhin
3 NG Rng l rng thng xanh- ngho Rng t nhin
4 PH Rng l rng thng xanh- phc hi Rng t nhin
5 RL Rng rng l Rng t nhin
6 TN Rng tre na Rng t nhin
7 HG Rng hn giao g tre na Rng t nhin
8 LK Rng l kim Rng t nhin
9 RLRLK Rng hn giao l rng l kim Rng t nhin
10 RNM Rng ngp mn Rng t nhin
11 RND Ni c rng Rng t nhin
12 RT Rng trng Rng trng
13 ND Ni khng rng Khng c rng
14 DT t trng Khng c rng
15 MN Mt nc Khng c rng
16 DC Dn c Khng c rng
17 DK t khc Khng c rng
Hnh 1: Bn nhp khu vc rng t nhin v rng trng Hnh 2: Bn nhp tr lng cc bon tnh Lo Cai
Lp Bn cc bon:
10
Ch tip theo l xy dng bn carbon cho tnh Lo Cai. B Corinna Ravilious (UNEP-WCMC) c bi
trnh by vn tt v cch thc cc gi tr carbon s dng trong cc bi tp c xy dng (s dng cc gi tr
carbon cp quc gia). Cc hc vin sau s dng cc gi tr carbon ny theo cc loi hnh che ph rng/ t
tnh Lo Cai (t d liu NFI 2010) xy dng bn carbon (bao gm carbon trn mt t (AG) v di
mt t (BG)) i vi bn che ph t tnh Lo Cai nm 2010 (hnh 2 trn), cng nh cc chng xp lp
che ph rng t nhin (Hnh 3 di y).
Loi Kiu rng AGBCAR BGBCAR AG_BGCAR
1 Rng l rng thng xanh giu 157.42 43.29 200.71
2 Rng l rng thng xanh trung bnh 117.19 32.23 149.42
3 Rng l rng thng xanh ngho 85.79 23.59 109.39
4 Rng l rng thng xanh phc hi 80.33 22.09 102.42
5 Rng rng l 100.54 27.65 128.18
6 Rng tre na 11.88 3.27 15.15
7 Rng hn giao g tre na 54.29 14.93 69.21
8 Rng l kim 53.96 14.84 68.79
9 Rng hn giao l rng l kim 105.12 28.91 134.03
10 Rng ngp mn 52.72 14.5 67.22
11 Ni c rng 59.14 16.26 75.4
12 Rng trng 73.15 20.12 93.27
Xy dng bn din bin rng:
Hot ng ny bao gm vic s dng b d liu che ph rng hin c ca Lo cai nm 2000 v 2010 (t
ngun NFI) xc nh cc din tch rng thay i (mt rng, suy thoi rng v thnh rng). Sau khi tho
lun phng php tip cn, cc hc vin thc hnh xy dng bn thay i che ph rng (xem hnh 4)
Hnh 3: Bn nhp tr lng cc bon, rng t nhin v rng trng
Hnh 4: Bn nhp din bin rng giai on 1995-2010
11
v mt ngi i din ng ra trnh by kt qu. Mt s kin a ra xem xt v tnh chnh xc ca s liu,
nhiu hc vin cm thy rng d liu iu tra rng c s dng c nhiu sai st v cn c kim chng
hin trng hoc i chiu li vi nh v tinh ci thin tnh chnh xc. Mt vn na l cc b d liu
thu thp trong nhng nm khc nhau c khc bit v phn gii v c th s dng cc phng php lun
khc nhau. Vn ny dn n vic nhng mnh hnh a gic th hin cc khu vc thay i m c th ch l
kt qu ca nhng khc bit khi s ha vng ranh gii ca mt lowaij che ph t c th hn l thay i thc
t. Nhng vn khc lin quan n vic nhiu b phn s dng h qui chiu VN2000 c thay v tiu chun
UTM khin nh v sai d liu khi ghi vi d liu UTM vi WGS84. Mt trong nhng ngi tham gia ch
ra vn ny v a ra gii php khc phc s sai khc v ng ranh gii v gim thiu cc hnh a gic
nh (nh chnh sa hai bn lin quan n nhau m ranh gii gia hai bn th gn nh ging ht nhau),
ng thi trnh din cch thc b sung nh nn v tinh vo bn trn Mapinfo.
Cc lp thng tin a dng sinh hc lin quan:
Sau khi tho lun v d liu sn c v a dng sinh hc Vit Nam, cc hc vin c gii thiu hai ngun
c s d liu quc t hu ch nm c tnh hnh a dng sinh hc trong vng cnh quan: d liu cc khu
vc a dng sinh hc quan trng (KBAs) t t chc Birdlife International (Hnh 5 di y) v d liu v s
giu tnh loi (da trn phm vi xut hin ca cc loi t Sch ca IUCN). Sau khi tho lun v cch thu
thp d liu ng thi trnh din cch tip cn s liu, cc hc vin tham gia c ch dn mt phng
php xy dng bn giu tnh loi (hnh 6 bn di), bng cch s dng d liu v cc loi nguy cp
nghim trng, nguy cp v d b tn thng Vit Nam, ng thi chn lc ring cho tnh Lo Cai.
Cc lp thng tin lin quan n dch v h sinh thi:
D liu khng gian lin quan n cc dch v h sinh thi ti Vit Nam cng tng i hn ch. Trong phn
ny, chng ti tp trung vo cc dch v thy vn v khai thc s dng cc cng c trc tuyn, Waterworld
(http://www.policysupport.org /waterworld), cho tnh Lo Cai.
Hnh 5: Bn nhp cc khu vc DSH quan trng Hnh 6: Bn nhp v phong ph ca cc loi b e da
12
Cng c ny c thit k gip ngi dng tm hiu cc thng tin v ti nguyn nc v thy vn lin
quan c th chy cc kch bn s dng t ai, qun l t ai v bin i kh hu.
Cc kt qu chnh c th c khai thc t (m hnh khng ng k min ph) c th hin trong hnh 7
(bn phi).
u im ln nht ca cng c ny l n
khng phi l 'i d liu', v n tch hp d
liu khng gian chi tit trong 1 kilmt
vung v phn gii 1 ha cho ton b th gii.
Mt danh sch y ca cc ngun d liu
c th c tm thy trn cc trang web.
Waterworld min ph cho vic s dng phi
thng mi nhng c mt m hnh thu
bao cho cc tnh nng b sung v h tr.
Mt trong nhng tnh nng b sung cho
php ngi dng ti ln cc d liu ring
ca h. Hnh 8 di y cho thy s so snh
cc d liu che ph rng Lo Cai vi cc
d liu c bn do Waterworld s dng.
Tn gii thch
thay i t
ng c s
Thay i v lng ma
Thay i v tng lng ma hng nm (mm/nm)
Thay i v s cn bng ngun nc
thay i trong cn bng nc ti a phng (tr i lng ma thc t b bc hi (AET)). Ni m cn bng nc mang gi tr m, AET a phng, AET c h tr bi ngun nc thng ngun v /hoc nc ngm
Thay i dng chy
Thay i trong tng lng dng chy hng nm. c tnh cn bng nc tch ly h ngun. Cn bng nc m (AET> lng ma) trong mt n v tiu th dng chy t thng ngun
Thay i xi mn theo dc
Thay i trong s xi mn dng theo c (mm/nm) (xi mn tr lng ng) trn i dc
Thay i trong tng lng xi mn rng
Thay i tng lng xi mn rng (mm/nm). Xi mn rng (xi mn tr lng ng) t dc v cc knh rch (sui, sng)
Thay i v du n con ngi v cht lng nc (s nhim)
Thay i v t l % ti thiu ca ngun nc c th b nhim (ch s du n conngi, %)
13
Hnh 8: Hnh nh so snh trc quan v che ph rng tnh Lo Cai (2010; bn tri) so vi VCF (2000; bn phi) t Waterworld. Cc d liu VCF c nhm li cho thy din tch c rng> 10% tn che, mc d mt nh ngha vi >30% c v ph hp hn vi cc s liu cp tnh:
Sau khi mt s kh khn v k thut trong vic hc vin ng k tham gia v chy cc m phng, kt qu i
vi bn ming ghp cho tnh Lo Cai c to dng. Bc u tin lin quan n vic thit lp mt kch
bn c s. Bc tip theo l thit lp mt kch bn th th hin chuyn g s xy ra nu tnh vt qu
mc tiu che ph rng ca mnh (65%). Chng ti khng c c thnh cng
trong vic xy dng c kch bn che ph rng thc hin trong kha hc ny.
Sau kha hc, Corinna v Charlotte u thy cn thit iu chnh kch bn xem
xt mt v d ni m ngi dng nh ngha cc khu vc m che ph rng c tim
nng c tng ln. V d, bng cch tng che ph rng trn sn ni cao hoc
trong cc khu bo tn; iu ny c th c thc hin bng mt s tnh ton bn
ngoi Waterworld xem cc kt qu st vi kch bn nh th no t c cc
mc tiu v rng.
Tip B Corinna v Charlotte chy mt kch bn b sung v xa b tt c cc din tch rng chng
minh mt ng dng khc ca cc cng c lin quan cht ch n REDD+, theo ch ra tm quan trng ca
rng i vi kim sot xi mn t.
Cc kt qu s b thu c c trnh by di y (hnh 9 v 10). giai on ny, iu cn thit l dn
nhn d tho vo cc kt qu ny v chng ch minh ha nhng chc nng m Waterworld c th cung cp.
c bit, trong v d th hai cho thy kch bn tng che ph rng, cc tiu ch c la chn bi
Charlotte v Corinna v thun ty ch nhm chng minh rng cng c ny c th tp trung vo cc khu vc
mc tiu tng din tch rng, vic ny ph thuc vo cc tiu ch do ngi s dng a ra.
Cc kt qu s b t WaterWorld:
Hnh 9: Bn bn tri cho thy cc nn c s, xi mn rng cho tnh Lo Cai, tc l n i din cho hin trng, cho thy cc gi tr cao nht ni m khng c rng (hoc thm thc vt khc) hoc trn sn ni rt dc. Bn gia cho thy mt kch bn da trn vic loi b hon ton rng (tc l loi b cy, ni MODIS / Landsat thy n tn ti v dng t trng). iu ny c ngha rng s xi mn t c c tnh nh l mt hm ca dc v lng ma. S thc s rt kh thay i nhng khu vc khng c rng ban u. Do , cc gi tr cao nht trong bn ny i din cho cc khu vc ni m c s thay i v che ph rng s dn n nguy c xi mn t cao hn. Bn bn phi cho thy s thay i v xi mn rng khu vc dc l kt qu ca vic ph xanh cc khu vc dc v trong khu bo tn; hin c mt li ch tim nng r rng theo kch bn trng li rng vi mc gim tng th 0.033mm xi mn, tng ng gim hn 200 tn bn ct.
15
Kt qu s b t WaterWorld, tip theo:
Hnh 10: Bn bn tri th hin cn bng nc c s tnh, tc l i din cho hin trng. Bn gia hin th cc nh hng tim nng ca mt kch bn ni m tt c cc khu rng c g b, c s thay i ln v cn bng nc khu vc ng bng, so snh vi cc mc thay i thp v cn bng nc khu vc cao hn. cao cao hn, nhit thp hn dn n t l bc hi thp hn v do vy vic s dng nc ca rng thp so vi vng t thp. Mt rng cc cao thp hn dn n s gia tng r rt v cn bng nc. Bn bn phi cho thy s thay i trong cn bng nc khi rng c tng ln dc ln hn 30 v cc khu bo tn. Khu vc mu xm cho thy khng c s thay i, trong khi khu vc mu cam- cho thy s thay i cao, th hin mc thay i cao trong vic cung cp nc trong cc khu rng c dng v phn pha bc ca tnh.
iu ng tic ca kha hc ln ny l khng c thi gian khm ph ton din cc kt qu t
Waterworld. Tuy nhin, cc hc vin c th chy li cc cng c ring ca mnh tm hiu chi tit hn.
UNEP-WCMC cng s theo di cc ng dng Waterworld v s ph hp trong cc kt qu ca n i vi vic
lp k hoch REDD+ cho t tp hun tip theo nu nh mi ngi quan tm ti vic tm hiu su cng c
ny.
Nhng ngi tham gia ch ra rng s c ch hn nu nh c thm cc lp thng tin lp/d liu u vo t
Waterworld so snh vi d liu cp tnh. T khi bt u t lm vic, UNEP-WCMC tm hiu iu ny
v pht hin ra c th ti v mt s cc lp thng tin u vo trong mt s cng c (v d lp che ph rng
c bn, hnh. 8). C nhng cu hi b sung lin quan n chi ph nu phin bn min ph khng p ng
yu cu. Hin c mt s quan ngi rng mc d l ph cp giy php l ti thiu, iu ny c th kh tn km
nu mua nhiu yu cu. Cc hc vin cng c a ra nhng cu hi lin quan n cc n v mm/nm cc
u ra Waterworld, m ngi tham gia cm thy l khng trc quan hoc thch hp cho ngi ra quyt nh.
Mt hc vin cng by t quan ngi rng Waterworld khng cho php cc u vo cp quc gia, c bit
l v che ph rng. C Corinna v Charlotte nhn nh rng trong Waterworld ngi dng phi tr tin
cho vic thu bao c th ti ln d liu ca mnh. Tuy nhin, iu ny khng phi lun lun n gin, nh
cc d liu cn phi c nh dng theo hnh thc Waterworld c th s dng (v d nh % che ph ca
cy, % tho mc v % t trng). Phin bn ca Waterworld s dng trong kha hc ny l lp che ph rng
c bn cho nm 2000. Tuy nhin, m hnh ny cng c th chy c vi che ph ca nm 2010. u im
ca d liu c th hin di dng % che ph rng trong cc cng c ny l ngi dng c th d dng xc
nh cc ngng theo nh ngha quc gia v rng.
Tng t nh vy, mt cng c thay th khc c xut c gi l cng c nh gi tc ng din
bin s dng t (LUCIA) (https://lucia.uni-hohenheim.de/) do i hc Hohenheim xy dng, trong c
mt s th nghim cp quc gia ti Vit Nam. Cng c ny cng c th hu ch khm ph hn na, c
bit l v n l m ngun m.
Ti Vit Nam, lp bn chc nng rng cng c thc hin xc nh cc loi rng. y l mt ngun
tim nng d liu khng gian lin quan n dch v h sinh thi, c bit l nguy c xi mn t v iu tit
thy vn. Mt cuc tho lun nhm v cc qu trnh lp bn chc nng rng nu bt cc im sau y:
Cc lp u vo cho vic lp bn chc nng rng Vit Nam bao gm:
- a hnh ( cao, dc, kha cnh)
- Cng trnh thy li (nhng khng bao gm p / thy in)
- t (tnh cht ha hc, su)
- thm thc vt hin ti
- Lng ma
- Dn s (phn b)
xc nh nguy c v xi mn t/ rng phng h, cc lp chnh l:
- Bn a hnh
- Bn t
- Lng ma
Cc yu t h s c p dng xc nh mc quan trng (rt quan trng, quan trng, t quan trng)
Cc lp thng tin c kt hp vi nhau xy dng bn cui cng hin th khu vc cho cc loi rng
khc nhau
https://lucia.uni-hohenheim.de/
17
Lp thng tin trung gian khng c cung cp vi cc sn phm cui cng; t vn/cc c quan h tr c
th gi cc lp thng tin ny, nhng rt kh thy qu trnh ny, hoc truy cp/tip cn chng.
Tho lun cc lp thng tin u tin:
Tip hot ng nhm c tin hnh tho lun
c th v cc lp thng tin c th c s dng cho lp
k hoch REDD+ (duy tr rng hin c) da trn ba loi
thng tin c bn: thng tin quy hoch c bn; a li ch;
v p lc. Trong hai nhm hc vin, hc vin lit k cc
tp d liu m c th c s dng trong mi nhm v
sau la chn cc lp thng tin u tin, sau thng
tin li cc lp thng tin s dng trong phn cn li ca
kha hc.
Cc lp thng tin u tin gm c:
(1) Cc lp thng tin c bn: che ph rng/t; loi rng; khu vc/din tch rng c dng; bn a
hnh; hin trng s dng t; qui hoch pht trin kinh t x hi (SEDP)/qui hoch vng
(2) p lc: phn b dn c; n v qun l t ai; h tng; khai thc g; chy rng
(3) Li ch: Nguy c xi mn/suy thoi t; nguy c st l v l lt; bo tn a dng sinh hc; chi tr dch v
mi trng rng (PFES); iu ha ch thy vn.
Phn tch a tiu ch
B Corinna hng dn v phn tch phin a tiu ch (MCA), bt u bng bi trnh by v cc phng php
tip cn phn tch a tiu ch v tin hnh tho lun v nhng kinh nghim ca hc vin v phn tch a tiu
ch. Bi trnh by gii thiu MCA v nhn mnh cc vn quyt nh v mt khng gian thng kt hp vi
nhiu thuc tnh khc nhau v mc quan trng/ ph hp khc nhau i vi ngi ra quyt nh, cng nh
mt lot cc phng php phn tch a tiu ch c th c s dng. Cuc tho lun tp trung ng no v
cc bc thc hin gip xc nh cc khu vc c kh nng p ng b tiu ch s dng phng php
chng xp v cc k thut GIS c th c s dng xu chui cc qu trnh x l v mt a l. C qu trnh
trnh by v tho lun nhn mnh cch thc cc phng php tip cn khc nhau mang tnh ch quan cc
mc khc nhau, v l thch thc ln nht l to ra tin trnh cng vic ph hp p ng cc mc
tiu c xc nh vi s minh bch m bo rng tt c nhng ngi tham gia u hiu. Cc yu t nh
hng n cht lng ca cc phn tch c tho lun. Cc yu t nh hng khng quyt nh loi
phn tch a tiu ch nn thc hin trong bi cnh phn tch khng gian h tr PRAP, nhng nu cch tip
cn theo hng trng s (cho im) th nn thc hin, nhng ngi tham gia cho bit h mun bit thm
thng tin v phng php thit lp trng s cho cc tiu ch khc nhau.
Cc phng php chnh c trnh by/tho lun l:
Phng php tip cn Boolean (thng c gi l bn hn ch, trong tiu ch l qu trnh
ring r 'V' hoc 'Hoc' hay kt hp ca qu trnh V v Hoc)
18
V: Kt qu ny c phn loi l ng (ph hp) NU tt c cc lp tiu ch l ng (ph hp) trong
cng mt v tr.
Hoc: kt qu c phn loi l ng (ph hp) NU bt k tiu ch c phn loi l ng (ph hp)
ti cng mt v tr.
Mt s thun li/kh khn ca cch tip cn Boolean c tho lun:
u im Nhc im
D thc hin (bng phn mm ArcGIS)
D hiu kt qu khi trnh by vi cc bn
u vo
Thay i ngng c th c s dng iu
tra tiu ch v cc mi quan h ca chng
Khng cn bnh thng ha
Xc nh cc ngng phc tp - i hi bin
minh (v tham vn vi cc bn lin quan)
Kt qu chu nh hng bi ngng
Qu n gin - khng c phn cp u ra
S khng chc chn khng r rng
Tip cn m (tuyn) (l phng php tip cn tch ly trong cc gi tr c chun ha trong phm vi t 0-1 v tng hp a ra mt bn tm tt hoc ch s tng hp).
Mt s thun li/kh khn ca cch tip cn m (Fuzzy) c tho lun:
u im Nhc im
D thc hin (trong ArcGIS)
Kt qu d hiu khi trnh by vi cc bn
u vo
phn cp u ra
Khng cn phi xc nh trc ngng
Khng xem xt s tng tc ca cc tiu ch
Chu nh hng ca phng php bnh thng
ha (tc l tuyn tnh hoc khc)
Cch tip cn trng s: cch ny khng c cp chi tit nhng mt cuc tho lun tp trung
vo vic lm th no xc nh trng s. Hai phng php ny c nhn mnh trong cc bi trnh by l: 1) phng php xp hng (bng xp hng n gin ca cc tiu ch theo th t quan trng); v 2) phn tch phn cp cch tip cn (AHP) (so snh cp ca tng bin vi nhau v c s dng tnh ton trng s trung bnh ca mi tiu ch)
Mt s thun li/kh khn ca cch tip cn trng s c tho lun v a ra:
u im Nhc im
D thc hin nu s dng bng xp
hng cc tiu ch theo th t tm quan
trng
Nu s dng AHP c xem xt s tng
tc ca cc tiu ch
D gii thch nh vy d cho mt lng
ln cc bn lin quan tham gia
D dng hiu kt qu u ra
Tnh ch quan trong la chn trng s
Nu s dng cc tip cn xp hng khng xem xt s
tng tc ca cc tiu ch
Kh gii thch cc gi tr c la chn cho cc
trng s cho cc bng xp hng khi s dng AHP
Mt s phng php dng trng s yu cu m rng
quy m ch quan ca d liu trc khi phn tch
Kh ng thun v trng s t cc bn lin quan khc nhau
19
Lm vic theo nhm:
Cc hc vin tham gia c chia thnh 4 nhm, mi
nhm 3-4 ngi, nhng ngi tham gia dnh thi gian
khong mt ngy x l v hon thin cc lp thng tin
m c th c s dng cho phn tch a tiu ch (MCA)
v chng xp cc lp thng tin ph cung cp thng tin
cho lp k hoch REDD+, s dng bn nhp v d liu
ca tnh Lo Cai. Bn nhm bao gm:
Nhm 1 Cc lp thng tin c bn v kim sot cht
lng: rng t nhin, din bin che ph rng, tr
lng cc bon
Nhm 2 Cc li ch v a dng sinh hc: giu tnh loi v cc khu vc c tm quan trng v a dng sinh
hc.
Nhm 3 Cc dch v h sinh thi: nh gi cc kt qu t WaterWorld/nguy c xi mn, cung cp dch v
h sinh thi
Nhm 4 p lc: ng giao thng, i ngho, dn s, chy rng
Mi nhm m bo cc lp c lin quan c chun b v nu cn thit chun b sn cc ngng/phn loi
v b m cn thit. V d, nhm 1 m bo rng cc loi rng chnh xc c s dng cho cc lp thng
tin ca mnh. Nhm 4 s dng b m hin th cc p lc lin quan n khong cch t h thng ng
giao thng v cc im c cng xy ra chy rng cao. Mi nhm s c mt i din sau bo co li
cho tt c mi ngi v nhng g h lm v cc lp c to ra.
Trnh din bng phn mm MapInfo:
MapInfo l phn mm chnh c s dng trong phn tch khng gian v cc vn lin quan n lm
nghip cc tnh Vit Nam, kha hc cng tm hiu cch thc s dng cc quy trnh tng t bng cch
s dng phn mm ny. Vo cui t tp hun, b Trn Th Thu Hng (FREC) thuyt trnh vic s dng phn
mm MapInfo xy dng bn rng t nhin v cc lp thng tin din bin rng.
MapInfo thiu sc mnh trong phn tch nh ArcGIS. Tuy nhin, mt vi lp thng tin s dng trong phn
tch khng gian phc v REDD+ hon ton c th c xy dng bng phn mm MapInfo, bao gm bn
ch gii ma trn. Ngoi ra, mt vi tnh nng m rng cho MapInfo cng c th cung cp mt s gii php
v l nhng gi tr cn khm ph thm.
Bi thc hnh v ma trn ch gii
20
Bi thc hnh k thut cui cng ca kha hc lin quan n
vic xy dng mt bn ma trn ch gii v cc bon v
phong ph v thnh phn loi cho tnh Lo Cai. Vic ny cho
bit cch thc lm th no hai b d liu c th c hin
th trn cng mt bn . V d s dng cc lp thng tin v
carbon v tnh phong ph v thnh phn loi c chun
b sn sng cho tnh. Sau khi b Corinna (UNEP-WCMC) trnh
by phng php ny, nhng ngi tham gia sau s dng
ti liu hng dn to ra sn phm ca ring mnh, mt
thnh vin trong lp trnh din phng php tip cn ca
mnh cho c lp.
Ma trn ch gii trong ti liu hng dn c thc hin theo kiu phn tch Raster, tip b Corinna
m t cch thc hin bng cch s dng hai lp vector gii quyt vn mt cch d dng.
Phn tng kt:
Phn ny bt u bng vic tho lun v cch thc cc lp thng tin khc nhau c s dng c th c
kt hp v s dng phn tch a tiu ch nhm xc nh khu vc tim nng cho mt hnh ng REDD+ c th.
Cc thnh vin tham gia lp tp hun cng tho lun v phng php tip cn no t cc bui hc c th
hu ch cho vic lp k hoch REDD+ cp tnh, trong nhn mnh mt s vn :
S hu ch ca phn tch a tiu ch
Gi tr ca vic c ti liu hnh nh/bng chng trc quan s dng trong cc cuc tho lun vi
cc bn lin quan ca tnh
Nhu cu s dng d liu c th, chng hn nh thng k, cng nh cc thng tin v khng gian
Cc thnh vin tham gia cng tho lun mt s vn quan trng v cch thc cc phng php tip cn c
th c hiu chnh/ci tin nh th no s dng ti Vit Nam. Hai cu hi c cc hc vin nu ra l:
Lm th no kt hp ArcGIS v cc phn tch cn thit cho lp k hoch REDD+ vi MapInfo? Lm th no
vt qua nhng thch thc lin quan n vic truy cp d liu v cht lng/ chnh xc ca d liu?
Lin quan n nhng lnh vc / cu hi chng ta cn phi tip tc sau t tp hun:
Lu kt qu t Waterworld v lm th no/khi no c th ti ln d liu ring ln Waterworld
Kim tra nhng g lp thng tin v rng c s dng trong Waterworld
Khm ph tin ch ca mt bn kt hp tr lng carbon vi ai cao, dc v ng ng mc
Phn hi b sung t cc hnh thc thng tin phn hi ca ngi tham gia c tm tt trong Ph lc 3.
Phn hi t lp hc
thu thp thng tin phn hi t nhng ngi tham gia lp tp hun v cc vn hu ch ca cc bui
lm vic v xut nhu cu cho tng lai, mt bng cu hi c gi ti tt c hc vin. V c tng s
11 phiu tr li c thu li, kt qu tng hp nh sau.
Lin quan n vn vic kha hc hu ch nh th no i vi bn thn hc vin trong vic nng cao
nng lc h tr cho vic lp k hoch hnh ng REDD+ cp tnh kt hp a li ch v cc bin php bo
m an ton. Trong 11 phiu thu c c 06 phiu tr li rt hu ch, 05 phiu hu ch. kin c th bao
gm:
- "Phng php lp k hoch c xy dng da trn phn mm ArcGIS"
- "Hiu c phng php lp k hoch REDD+ cp tnh... c gii thiu mt s cng c mi"
21
- "Mt tch cc, hc c nhiu nhng kinh nghim b ch ca phn tch a tiu ch, truy cp v ti
thng tin, s liu v t mt s trang web, lp k hoch cc hot ng REDD+"
Hu ht ngi c hi u tr li rng kha hc rt hu ch (nm phiu) hoc hu ch (nm phiu) trong
vic pht trin kh nng ca h trong vic s dng cc cng c phn tch khng gian. Nhng ngi tham gia
ch yu nhn mnh t tp hun gip ci thin kin thc ca h v phn mm GIS v hc c cc cng c
mi v ng dng cc cng c mi ny. Mt phiu cp n vic chia s thng tin c ch, v mt phiu cho
l c hi kt ni. Mt phiu nhn xt rng h bit nhiu v cc k nng c chia s.
Lin quan n ch hu ch nht c cp trong t tp hun, bn ngi tham gia nhn mnh l
kin thc v REDD+, trong khi kin thc v ArcGIS, phn tch a tiu ch - MCA, lp k hoch, v li ch v ri
ro ca REDD+ mi ch c nhn mnh bi hai ngi. Ch hu ch khc c cp l vic xy dng
kch bn, bn ma trn ch gii, trao i thng tin v thc hin REDD+. Khi c hi l nhng ch no
km hu ch nht, cc i biu cho rng mt s cc cng c GIS c th c trnh by trong t tp hun l
km hu ch nht (03 phiu). Cc ch khc c nu tr li lin quan n s thay i che ph rng,
a dng sinh hc, bn ma trn ch gii v phn loi cc loi rng Vit Nam.
Nhng ngi tham gia c hi ch no c trao i qu nhanh hoc qu chm, mc d c thng tin
phn hi v vn ny hn ch, th ng dng GIS, MCA, v hc tp cc cng c mi c cm nhn l i qu
nhanh. WaterWorld v cc cuc tho lun v cc kiu rng Vit Nam cm thy i qu chm (03 phiu
tr li cho WaterWorld v 01 tr li cho cc kiu rng).
Khi c hi v s hi lng trong cch thc t chc hi tho, 07 ngi tr li ph hp, trong khi 01 ngi
tham gia tr li rt thch hp, v 01 ngi khc coi n khng thch hp, trch dn s lng ln cc thng tin
k thut, nhng thi gian tp hun qu ngn. kin khc cho rng ti liu hng dn trong t tp hun cn
phi c chun b tt hn.
05 ngi tham gia tp hun ni rng nhng kin thc c trnh by trong t tp hun v cc hot ng
REDD+ c s tham gia h c bit trc hi tho, v 04 ngi tham gia cho bit h bit c kin
thc ny thng qua t tp hun. Mt ngi tham gia cho bit h c t kin thc trc khi tp hun
nhng khng bnh lun v kt qu thay i kin thc v vn ny sau t tp hun.
Nhng ngi tham gia cng c hi v mc trong cc ni dung/ch trong t tp hun: d dng,
thch thc hay kh khn (xem biu kt qu pha di). VD cc bi hc d nht dng nh Mapinfo: 07
ngi c hi tr li "d dng", v bn ngi c hi tr li 'thch thc'. Vn thch thc nht lin
quan n Waterworld: 03 phiu 'kh khn', 07 phiu 'thch thc' v 01 phiu 'd dng'.
22
Nhng ngi tham gia c hi tr thnh ging vin cp tnh, h c cn s h tr thm khng. Ni
chung, hu ht tr li rng h s yu cu h tr nhiu hn, thay v tm kim nhng cng c d dng s
dng. Mi ngi c hi v tr li rng h s cn s h tr nhiu hn cho cc dch v h sinh thi v MCA.
Phn ln cng tr li rng h s cn s h tr nhiu hn to ra cc bn kt hp v cc lp thng tin v
a dng sinh hc. Su ngi tham gia tr li h s cn s h tr nhiu hn s dng cc hot ng c s
tham gia o to cp tnh, so vi bn ngi tham gia tr li "d s dng". MapInfo v lp thng tin carbon
c coi l tng i d dng, ch c bn ngi c hi tr li rng h cn h tr nhiu hn v vn ny.
Lin quan n tim nng ng dng Waterworld, ba ngi c hi ni rng hu ch tham kho, trong
khi hai ngi khc cp n s phong ph ca cc d liu, nhng cn nh gi v tnh chnh xc. ng dng
tim nng khc c lit k l vic xc nh cc lnh vc u tin cho vic kim sot xi mn t, MCA, v nh
mt ngun d liu cho nhng ni khc cn thiu.
V o to b sung gip h tr cc tnh trong vic lp k hoch khng gian cho PRAP, s pht trin ca
kch bn v c thm thi gian phn tch v nh gi cc kt qu c ni hai ln. C th:
- Cch xc nh trng s trong bn cc p lc
- Phng php phn tch thun li
- C s d liu cn hon thin v cn thm thi gian phn tch v nh gi cc kt qu
- Cc vn kin quan n lm nghip v cc chnh sch
Khi tr li c hi h tr k thut g thm v GIS c th hu ch trong cng vic ca hc vin h tr
cho vic xy dng PRAP, cc hc vin cp cn h tr nhiu hn v ArcGIS (02 phiu), cng nh phn tch
a tiu ch - MCA, hp cng c a li ch, v cc p lc kt hp. Mt gi c th:
- "Chng xp cc lp, sa cha sai st xy dng bn v s thay i che ph rng"
Khi c hi kin v ngh khc, mt ngi cho bit: "Nhn chung t tp hun c t chc, hc tp
mt cch nghim tc; t tp hun nh th ny cn duy tr v p dng cho cc t tp hun tip theo".
Khng c cu tr li khc cho cu hi ny.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
kh khn
thch thc
d
23
Tun 2: Cp tnh
Thng tin tng quan
Nhng ngi tham gia trong tun tp hun ln 2 l 13 cn b k thut lm vic trong ngnh lm nghip v
cc lnh vc khc c lin quan cc tnh th im Chng trnh UN-REDD Vit Nam giai on II. Cn b thc
hin o to cho t tp hun tun th 2 ny l cc cn b ca FREC, bao gm Phm c Cng, Bi Th
Kim Chi v Phm Ngc By. Ph lc 2 cung cp cc chng trnh lm vic cho c hai phin lm vic. Tng
t ni dung ca kha 1, tun tp hun th 2 tp trung vo cc ch sau:
Gii thiu v REDD+ v thc hin REDD+ Vit Nam, v vai tr ca phn tch khng gian trong lp
k hoch thc hin REDD+
S lin quan gia rng t nhin vi cc hot ng ca REDD+ v lp bn rng t nhin;
nh gi din bin che ph rng;
Xy dng bn cc bon rng;
nh gi vic s dng s liu t cc t chc quc t, nh a dng sinh hc, phong ph loi v
cc dch v h sinh thi;
Xc nh li ch v ri ro lin quan ti cc hot ng REDD+;
Phn tch a tiu ch v li ch v ri ro;
Xy dng bn ma trn ch gii v phong ph loi v tr lng cc bon
Cc bui lm vic tp trung o to c v mt l thuyt v thc t trong vic p dng cc k thut v xy
dng bn kt qu u ra c th bng cch s dng phn mm MapInfo, y l phm mm c s dng
kh ph bin xy dng cc bn lin quan n lm nghip Vit Nam. MapInfo c chc nng hn ch
hn so vi mt s phn mm khc (v d nh Arc v Quantum GIS), c bit i vi mt s loi phn tch,
iu ny hn ch cc loi ch m c th c trnh by trong tun lm vic ny. (V d, phn tch a tiu
ch (MCA) khng c trnh by y so vi tun u).
Nhng ngi tham gia thng xuyn lm vic theo nhm h c th tho lun v cng vic v ng gp
kin ca mnh, sau cc kin s c chia s vi tt c mi ngi tho lun thm. Cc phng
php v v d s dng c lin quan vi hon cnh v cc hot ng ang din ra ti cc tnh th im nhm
gip cc hc vin hiu r hn v vn ny.
Gii thiu kha hc
Trn c s nhng ti liu v kt qu tp hun kha 1, ng Phm c Cng (FREC) trnh by vai tr
ca phn tch khng gian trong vic lp k hoch REDD+, c bit bi trnh by cng nu ln c lm th
no gp phn thc y nhng li ch v gim thiu ri ro nhm bo v pht trin ti nguyn rng.
Bi thc hnh 1: Cc bi tp c tin hnh sau vi vic xc nh li ch v ri ro, cng nh cc bin
php gim thiu ri ro v ti a ha li ch t cc hot ng REDD+. Bi thc hnh c tin hnh theo
cc nhm theo hnh thc ng vai vi mi nhm t 3 4 hc vin (ng vai l i din cc c quan/ban
ngnh ca tnh) tho lun v xc nh v nhng li ch v ri ro cho hot ng REDD+ c xc nh
(kch bn: m rng h thng rng c dng).
Bng sau y th hin cc kt qu ca vic tho lun:
24
Hot ng REDD+
Tim nng ri ro & li ch Chin lc
M rng mng li khu bo tn hin c/ thnh lp thm cc khu mi
R
i ro
Mt t do canh tc
Mt t do chn nui gia sc
Chuyn i mc ch s dng theo qui hoch s dng t
Chnh sch bi thng cho ngi dn
Pht trin m hnh nng lm kt hp
Giao t giao rng cho ngi dn a phng
Ti
m n
ng
Ci thin h thng thy li
Nng cao i sng ngi dn bn a
Ci thin mi trng v a dng sinh hc
u tin s dng ging bn a
Xy dng k hoch qun l rng/ khu bo tn
Gim st ti nguyn rng
Khuyn khch thay i ngnh ngh trnh nh hng xu ti rng
R
i ro
Thay i phng php canh tc nhng b hn ch bi ngun vn v kin thc
Nhng thay i trong k hoch pht trin KTXH ca a phng
Chnh sch h tr vn
o to kthuaatj
Ging: cy trng vt nui
Xy dng m hnh im
Ti
m n
ng To ngnh ngh mi cho
ngi dn
a dng ha sn phm
Bo tn a dng sinh hc
Chn ngh ph hp hon cnh a bn
Tm th trng mi cho sn phm
Giao t rng cho ngi dn a phng/ qun l rng cng ng
R
i ro
Mt t cho sn xut nng nghip v chn nui gia sc
Khuyn khch nng lm kt hp
Tng din tch trng trt
Tp hun cho ngi dn v li ch bo v rng
Nng cao nhn thc v bo v rng, bo tn a dng sinh hc
Ti
m n
ng Bo v tt hn rng hin c
Ci thin cht lng rng
Ci thin mi trng
Chi tr cho cc dch v h sinh thi rng
Khuyn khch qun l rng bn vng
Bi thc hnh 2: Trong phn ny cc hc vin c chia thnh cc nhm (pha Nam v pha Bc) thc
hin bi tp thc hnh bng vic s dng bn giy bng m xc nh khu vc u tin thc hin cc
hot ng REDD+. Sau khi t mc tiu cho hot ng, v d nh tham gia bo v a dng sinh hc, mi
nhm c yu cu la chn bn nn quan trng/hu ch nht (i km vi gii thch c th v l do
25
chn). Sau h tip tc tho lun v chng xp cc loi bn vi cc lp thng tin khc ln bn nn
chn ra c khu vc u tin thc hin cho tng hot ng, trn c s a li ch, p lc. Sau khi tho
lun, mi nhm c mt i din trnh by kt qu ca nhm mnh, bao gm cc thng tin:
o Ti sao h li chn nhng loi bn chuyn (chng xp ln bn gc/nn)
o Ti sao h li chn nhng vng (phn nh cc loi bn )
o Nhng bn cn thiu hoc cn thit
o Lm th no c th thu thp hoc xy dng nhng loi bn cn thiu
Xy dng bn rng t nhin
Cc cn b thc y bt u bi tp ny bng cch gii thiu nh ngha v rng v rng t nhin, cng nh
h thng phn loi rng hin hnh ti Vit Nam. Tm quan trng ca rng t nhin i vi vic bo v h
sinh thi v mi quan h gia rng t nhin vi REDD+ c a ra trao i, tho lun. Cc hc vin
tham gia xy dng bn che ph rng tnh Lo Cai v bng h thng phn loi rng bao gm cc
nhm: rng t nhin, rng trng v t khng c rng. Bng chi tit cc loi t loi rng c th hin
bng sau:
M
trng
thi
S dng t Nhm Loi hnh
1 G Rng l rng thng xanh- giu Rng t nhin
2 TB Rng l rng thng xanh trung bnh Rng t nhin
3 NG Rng l rng thng xanh- ngho Rng t nhin
4 PH Rng l rng thng xanh- phc hi Rng t nhin
5 RL Rng rng l Rng t nhin
6 TN Rng tre na Rng t nhin
7 HG Rng hn giao g tre na Rng t nhin
8 LK Rng l kim Rng t nhin
9 RLRLK Rng hn giao l rng l kim Rng t nhin
10 RNM Rng ngp mn Rng t nhin
11 RND Ni c rng Rng t nhin
12 RT Rng trng Rng trng
13 ND Ni khng rng Khng c rng
26
M
trng
thi
S dng t Nhm Loi hnh
14 DT t trng Khng c rng
15 MN Mt nc Khng c rng
16 DC Dn c Khng c rng
17 DK t khc Khng c rng
Sau cuc tho lun, cc hc vin c hng dn cch gp cc i tng v cc bc xy dng bn
rng t nhin trn phn phn mm Mapinfo. Sau bui thc hnh, i din hc vin trong lp trnh by
kt qu t c.
Hnh 11: Bn nhp rng t nhin v rng trng ca tnh Lo Cai c xy dng bng phn mm MapInfo
Xy dng bn thay i che ph rng
xy dng bn bin ng ti nguyn rng, cc hc vin phi chun b bn hin trng rng cho t
nht 2 thi k. Hot ng ny cng vi cc ch lin quan c cc hc vin tho lun rt si ni. Cc vn
tho lun nh:
Thc trng s liu bn hin trng rng ca cc tnh: h thng mi chiu khc nhau, phng
php thc hin khc nhau, h thng phn loi khc nhau;
Cc cch nng cao cht lng bn gia cc thi k: S dng nh v tinh, iu tra ngoi
nghip, tp hun s dng cc phn mm;
Cc nguyn nhn gy ra bin ng ti nguyn rng: Ph rng, chuyn i mc ch s dng, xy
dng.
Ni chung, cc cuc tho lun rt c ngha trong vic xc nh phng php, nh gi thc trng c s d
liu trc khi vo phn tch nhm nng cao cht lng c s d liu. y l nhng vn ln m cc
tnh ang lu tm nht l chun b trin khai thc hin xy dng PRAP cp tnh trong thi gian ti.
27
Trn c s d liu bn tnh Lo Cai cc giai on 2005 v 2010, Cc hc vin c hng dn chi tit cc
cch chng xp xy dng bn bin ng ti nguyn rng trn phn mm Mapinfo. Do chc nng ca
phn mm v cu hnh ca my tnh, vic chng xp c tnh i hi thi gian nhiu. Chnh v vy, vic thc
hnh c tin hnh trn mt vng nh ca tnh Lo Cai. Kt qu sau khi chng xp xc nh khu vc mt
rng, suy thoi rng, tng rng... v bin tp bn bin ng ti nguyn rng (xem hnh 12).
Hnh 12: Bn nhp bin ng din tch t lm nghip i vi khu vc c chn ca tnh Lo Cai
Cc hc vin cng c hng dn cch xy dng s liu v hin trng ti nguyn rng cc thi k v ma
trn bin ng gia cc thi k cng nh ngha ca s liu trong ma trn nh: Tng rng, mt rng, suy
thoi rng, tng cht lng rng, rng n nh v khng rng n nh, nh sau:
2005 2010
Tng 1 2 3 4 12 14 15 16 17
1 102.1 12.4 842.5 18.6 2.6 39.1 0 0.1 1017.4
2 20.4 1297.1 582.4 12.5 50.3 4.6 17.7 1985
3 0 25746.5 2222.5 218.6 1078.1 0.7 41.9 135 29443.3
4 15.7 3.7 2122.5 15546.4 719.4 2192.8 1.2 64.6 368.8 21035.1
12 0.7 10.1 312.7 3276.3 191.2 20.4 14.8 141.3 3967.5
14 2.7 3.9 402.8 8905.3 2760.9 11119 5.3 278.9 4191.3 27670.1
15 0.6 0.5 6.6 0.3 432.6 0.2 4.9 445.7
16 0.3 1.7 0.8 2.1 157.1 2.9 164.9
17 5.2 381.9 783.2 217.6 3150.7 3.1 78.9 6717.4 11338
Tng 120.5 46.3 30806.1 28373.3 7215.3 17823.6 463.3 641 11579.5 97068.9
Trong - S mu : m trng thi rng
- mu tm: suy thoi rng
28
- mu : lm giu rng
- mu xanh da tri: trng rng mi
- mu xm: mt rng
- mu xanh l cy: t trng
Xy dng bn cc bon rng
Ch tip theo l xy dng bn cc-bon rng cho tnh Lo Cai. Cc hc vin c gii thiu v s liu
v cch tnh tr lng cc-bon trung bnh cho cc trng thi rng (gi tr cc-bon trung bnh quc gia). Cc
hc vin sau s dng Bn hin trng rng tnh Lo Cai v gi tr cc-bon trung bnh cho cc trng
thi rng xy dng vn cc-bon trn mt t, di mt t v tng tr lng cc-bon nm 2010 tnh
Lao Cai (hnh 13). Loi rng v tr lng cc bon trung bnh cho tng loi t loi rng c th hin
bng sau:
Type Forest Type AGBCAR BGBCAR AG_BGCAR
1 Rng l rng thng xanh giu 157.42 43.29 200.71
2 Rng l rng thng xanh trung bnh 117.19 32.23 149.42
3 Rng l rng thng xanh ngho 85.79 23.59 109.39
4 Rng l rng thng xanh phc hi 80.33 22.09 102.42
6 Rng tre na 11.88 3.27 15.15
7 Rng hn giao g tre na 54.29 14.93 69.21
11 Ni c rng 59.14 16.26 75.4
12 Rng trng 73.15 20.12 93.27
Hnh 13: Bn nhp tr lng cc bon tnh Lo Cai nm 2010 (gi tr c sp xp t cao (mu xanh) xung thp (mu cam)
a dng sinh hc v mc phong ph v thnh phn loi
B Corinna Ravilious (UNEP-WCMC) trnh by ngn gn cch thu thp v truy cp d liu quc t v a
dng sinh hc t cc t chc Birdlife International v IUCN. Nhng d liu ny c sn trn website v ngi
29
s dng phi ng k v tun th cc iu khon v iu kin quy nh c th. i vi d liu ca Birdlife
International yu cu phi ch cp php s dng d liu. i vi mc ch ca t tp hun, d liu v
cc loi b e da Vit Nam c thu thp, d liu ny c th c hin th cho tnh Lo Cai. Hc vin
s dng d liu ny xy dng bn a dng sinh hc.
Bn ma trn ch gii
Chuyn cui ca t tp hun l xy dng bn ma trn gia bn cc-bon v bn tnh a dng
loi ca tnh Lo Cai. Lp bn cc-bon rng v lp bn giu tnh loi c th hin trn cng mt bn
theo mc tng dn. Sau khi c hng dn phng php v cc bc thc hin, cc hc vin
thc hnh trn my tnh xy dng bn ma trn. Kt qu ca chuyn cc hc vin xy dng v trnh
din c bn ma trn. Tuy nhin do thi gian v vic hon thin bn ph thuc vo kinh nghim, k
nng bin tp v xy dng bn nn xy dng bn c chi tit cao i hi nhiu thi gian v phi
thc hnh nhiu hn ca cc hc vin trn phn mm Mapinfor xy dng bn chi tit.
Phn hi t hc vin t vic tham gia lp tp hun
cui bui tp hun, bng hi nh gi lp hc c gi ti cc hc vin. Tt c thng tin trn bng
cu hi c in thng tin v thu thp li tng hp. Cc kt qu chnh nh sau:
(i) Tt c cc hc vin u nh gi lp hc l hu ch cho h trong c khong 15% hc vin nh gi
hu ch, 61% hc vin nh gi kh hu ch, 23% hc vin nh gi rt hu ch vi cc l do chnh nh sau:
Hiu bit thm v REDD+
Bit r hn cc bc trong qu trnh thc hin phn tch khng gian lp k hoch REDD+ cp
tnh
Nng cao cc k nng s dng phn mm
Cung cp cc k nng, phng php phn tch khng gian
(ii) Ch /ni dung hu ch nht theo nh gi ca cc hc vin l:
Chng xp bn din bin rng
La chn bn /cc lp thng tin cn thit cho phn tch khng gian
nh gi, cn nhc cc li ch/ri ro tim nng khi lp k hoch REDD+
30
Cch xc nh d liu khng gian, phng php chng xp, phn tch khng gian
Kh nng phn tch, cc ng dng ca phn mm trong hot ng REDD+
(iii) Cc hot ng c th v hiu bit/nng lc ca hc vin. Cc hc vin nh gi nh sau:
Xy dng bn rng: 15% hc vin nh gi d; 85% hc vin nh gi trung bnh;
Chng xp nh gi din bin rng: 23% hc vin nh gi d, 46% hc vin nh gi trung bnh, 31% hc vin nh gi kh;
Xy dng bn cc-bon: 15% hc vin nh gi d, 62% hc vin nh ga trung bnh v, 23% hc vin nh gi kh;
Phn tch a tiu ch, la chn bn kt hp li ch v p lc: 8% nh gi d, 62% nh gi trung bnh v, 23% nh gi kh;
Xy dng bn ma trn ch gii: 15% hc vin nh gi d, 46% hc vin nh gi trung bnh, 38% hc vin nh gi kh.
(iv) V Cng tc t chc ca lp tp hun. 69% hc vin nh gi ph hp hoc kh ph hp; 15% hc vin nh gi rt ph hp; 15 % khng nh gi.
Bn cnh cng c mt s hc vin ng gp nh: (i) thi gian tp hun qu ngn, (ii) ti liu tp hun nn gi trc cho hc vin trc khi lp hc bt u.
Nhu cu o to b sung, cc hc vin xc nh mt s ni dung cn o to thm gm:
8/13 hc vin c nguyn vng hc thm v s dng phn mm ArcGIS;
2/13 hc vin c nguyn vng c o to tip tc v cc vn lin quan n REDD+, cc vn k thut nh phn tch, lp k hoch.
1/13 hc vin mong mun o to k hn tt c cc ni dung
1/13 hc vin mong mun tp hun chng xp bn , x l nh vin thm
1/13 hc vin mong mun c s o to/chia s kinh nghim khi trin khai thc tin.
Ph lc 1: Danh sch tham gia
Tun 1
31
H v Tn C quan/t chc
Phm c Cng Trung tn ti nguyn v mi trng lm nghip Vin TQHR
Trn Thi Thu Hng Trung tn ti nguyn v mi trng lm nghip Vin TQHR
Bi Kim Chi Trung tn ti nguyn v mi trng lm nghip Vin TQHR
Phm Ngc By Trung tn ti nguyn v mi trng lm nghip Vin TQHR
Nguyn Th Thu H Trung tn ti nguyn v mi trng lm nghip Vin TQHR
Phm Trn Hng Phn vin TQHR Ty Bc
Trn Huy Mnh Phn vin TQHR Nam B
Trn Th Thanh Hng Phn vin TQHR Nam B
Nguyn Vn Lc Phn vin TQHR Hu
V Xun Qu Vin iu tra quy hoch rng
Bi Vn Hng Vin Quy hoch v thit k nng nghip
Do Minh Phuong Vin Quy hoch v thit k nng nghip
Nguyn Huy Hong Vin KH Lm nghip Vit Nam
Phm Tin Dng Vin KH Lm nghip Vit Nam
Ts. Phm Mnh Cng VNForest/UN-REDD PMU
Nguyn Thanh Phng UNEP
Charlotte Hicks UNEP-WCMC
Corinna Ravilious UNEP-WCMC
Nguyn Thanh Tng Phin dch
32
Tun 2
H v Tn C quan Tnh
Nguyn Vn Kin Chi Cc pht trin lm nghip Bc Cn
L th Thu UN-RED PPMU Bc Cn
Nguyn Duy Nam Chi Cc pht trin lm nghip Lo Cai
Nguyn Hu Tun Chi Cc Kim Lm Lo Cai
Hoang Thi Kim Oanh S ti nguyn mi trng Lo Cai
Nguyn Quang Ging Chi Cc pht trin lm nghip Lm ng
Hong Cng Hoi Nam Chi Cc Kim Lm Lm ng
Nguyen Nhu Do Chi Cc pht trin lm nghip C Mau
Nguyn Vn Hip Chi Cc pht trin lm nghip C Mau
Phm c Huy Hng Chi Cc pht trin lm nghip Bnh Thun
Nguyn Tn Trng Chi Cc pht trin lm nghip Bnh Thun
Nguyn Xun Linh Chi Cc Kim Lm H Tnh
Nguyn Vn Thng Chi Cc pht trin lm nghip H Tnh
Phm c Cng FREC FIPI
Phm Ngc By FREC FIPI
Bi Th Kim Chi FREC FIPI
Nguyn Thanh Phng UNEP
Charlotte Hicks UNEP-WCMC
Corinna Ravilious UNEP-WCMC
Nguyn Thanh Tng Phin dch
33
Ph lc 2: Lch lm vic
ngy/gi Ni dung Ngi thc hin
t 1: FREC/sub-FIPI/UNEP-WCMC tham gia (17-20/6/ 2014) Th 3 ngy 17/6
Pht biu cho mng v gii thiu Tng quan v mc tiu ca t tp hun. cc hot ng v lch lm vic
Phn 1:Hiu bit v vai tr ca phn tch khng gian trong qu trnh
xy dng PRAP Vit Nam
1A: Gii thiu qu trnh thc hin REDD+ v PRAP Vit Nam
Cc cu hi v lch lm vic v cc vn lin quan khc
1B: Vai tr ca phn tch khng gian trong lp k hoch REDD+; tng
cng li ch v gim thiu ri ro
1B: Bi tp tng tc: Xc nh ri ro v li ch ca REDD+ hnh ng
(gim pht thi t ph rng)
1B. tip: Cc bi tp tng tc: Dng giy bng knh nh mt cng
c giao tip v ri ro v li ch khi thc hin REDD+ (s dng bn
quc gia Vit Nam)
Phn 2: Xc nh cc khu vc tim nng thc hin cho mt hnh
ng REDD+ - Duy tr rng hin c
R sot cc ng k v cc yu cu. chia s c s d liu. ci t b cng c v a li ch
2A: nh ngha v rng v rng t nhin Vit Nam; c th c c
bn rng t nhin?
- Trnh by: nh ngha quc gia ca Vit Nam v rng / rng t nhin (FREC) - Tho lun v to ra mt bn ca rng t nhin so vi rng khc theo nh ngha quc gia 05:15 Tm tt cng vic lm trong ngy - Cc cu hi v cu tr li lin quan n hot ng trong ngy.
Ts. Cng. UN-REDD PMU FREC
Ts. Cng. UN-REDD PMU Charlotte. UNEP-WCMC Corinna & Charlotte. UNEP-WCMC
Th 3 ngy 18/6
PHN 2: Xc nh cc khu tim nng cho mt REDD+ hnh ng. tip
theo
2B: Bn tr lng cc bon
- Gii thiu v tr lng carbon rng/b cha v tm quan trng/ ngha
- C mt bn tr lng cc bon hin c thc hin? - Xy dng bn tr lng cc bon trn v di mt t (khng
bao gm carbon t.) - Chng xp bn tr lng cc bon v bn rng t nhin to
ra lp d liu tr lng cc bon trong rng t nhin
Corinna & Charlotte. UNEP-WCMC
34
2C lp thng tin bin ng ti nguyn rng
- Bn mt rng v tng rng. s dng d liu Lo Cai
2C. tip: Xc nh cc b d liu cho thy li ch khc t cc hnh
ng
- Tho lun v lp bn chc nng rng hin ang thc hin Vit
Nam
05:15 tng hp v kt thc ngy lm vic - Cc cu hi v cu tr li
lin quan n hot ng trong ngy.
Th 5 ngy 19/6
PHN 2: Xc nh cc khu tim nng cho mt REDD+ hnh ng. tip
theo
2C. tip t: a li ch
- Tm quan trng v mt a dng sinh hc. bao gm cc khu vc a dng sinh hc chnh v phong ph ca cc loi
- Tm quan trng ca cc dch v h sinh thi. nh kim sot xi mn. ngun nc. lm sn ngoi g. bao gm s dng m phng ca WaterWorld.
2D: Tho lun v vic xc nh v u tin cc lp khng gian phn tch: cc lp c s. lp p lc. lp a li ch
2D. tip tc: cc nhm chun b cc lp thng tin
- Rng t nhin. bin ng rng v kim sot cht lng - Li ch v a dng sinh hc - Li ch v dch v h sinh thi - p lc
Tng hp v kt thc ngy lm vic - Cc cu hi v cu tr li lin quan n hot ng trong ngy.
Corinna. & Charlotte UNEP-WCMC
Th 6 ngy 20/6
Phn 4: Trnh din s dng chng xp cc lp bn bng MapInfo
- Chun b cc lp thng tin v rng t nhin v din bin rng trong MapInfo
2E: Phn tch a tiu ch v chng xp bn tr lng cc bon
trong rng t nhin vi bn li ch v p lc khc
- Trnh by v phn tch a tiu ch - MCA - Tho lun v phn tch a tiu ch v phng php tip cn trng s
trong bi cnh k hoch REDD+ ti Vit Nam
2E. tip: bn ma trn ch gii v cc bon v phong ph loi
Tng hp v kt thc ngy lm vic - Cc cu hi v cu tr li lin quan n cch tip cn v phng php phn tch khng gian cho lp k hoch REDD+
Hng (FREC) Corinna & Charlotte. UNEP-WCMC
35
ngy/gi Ni dung Ngi thc hin
t 2: FREC/sub-FIPI/cn b cp tnh tham gia (24-26/6/2014) Th 3 ngy 24/6
Pht biu cho mng hc vin v gii thiu Tng quan v mc tiu ca t tp hun. cc hot ng v lch lm vic
Phn 1:Hiu bit v vai tr ca phn tch khng gian trong qu trnh
xy dng PRAP Vit Nam
1A: gii thiu v REDD+ v qu trnh xy dng PRAP Vit Nam 1B: Trnh by v tho lun: Vai tr ca lp k hoch khng gian trong vic h tr lp k hoch thc hin REDD+ v mc tiu ca t tp hun
- Bi tp tng tc: Xc nh ri ro v cc li ch tim tangf ca cc hot ng REDD+ (bo tn tr lng cc bon rng)
- Bi tp tng tc: Giy bng m l cng c giao tip v li ch v
ri ro khi thc hin REDD+ (s dng cc loi bn ca Vit Nam) Phn 2: Xc nh khu vc tim nng thc hin cc hot ng REDD+. Duy tr hin trng rng hin c 2A: nh ngha v rng va rng t nhin Vit Nam; c th xy dng bn rng t nhin c khng?
- Xy dng bn rng t nhin so vi cc loi rng khc theo nh ngha v rng cp quc gia
ng gi ngy lm vic Nu cu hi v tr li cu hi lin quan n hot ng trong ngy.
FREC FREC Nguyn Thanh Phng/PMU FREC/vi s h tr t UNEP-WCMC
Th 4 ngy 25/6
Phn 2: Xc nh khu vc u tin thc hin cc hot ng REDD+. Duy tr hin trng rng hin c, tip theo. 2B: Lp thng tin v din bin rng
- Mt rng v thm rng, s dng s liu Lo Cai 2C: Bn tr lng cc bon
- Bn cc bon rng c xy dng cha? - Xay dng bn cc bon (c trn mt t v di mt t ngoi
tr cc bon trong t) - Chng xp bn tr lng cc bon vi bn rng t nhin
xy dng lp d liu v tr lng cc bon cng lp ph rng t nhin
2D: Tho lun v xc nh c s d liu th thin a li ch t cc hot ng
- Tm quan trng i vi a dng sinh hc: bn phong ph v thnh phn loi
- Tm quan trng ca dch v h sinh thi, vd. Kim sot xi mn, ngun nc, lm sn ngoi g
ng gi ngy lm vic Nu cu hi v tr li cu hi lin quan n hot ng trong ngy.
FREC/vi s h tr t UNEP-WCMC
Th 5 ngy 26/6
2E: Xc nh p lc hin ti v tng lai FREC/vi s h tr t UNEP-WCMC
36
- C s d liu no hu ch xy dng bn p lc hin c. VD mt rng/suy thoi rng, giao thng, chy rng, khai khong, chuyn nhng rng, mt dn s, i ngho
- C s d liu no l hu ch xy dng bn p lc tng tng lai. VD,quy hoch s dng t, c s h tng/chuyn nhng t trong tng lai, nng nghip ph hp
2E: Bn ma trn ch gii cc bon v phong ph v thnh phn loi Tng hp phn hi t hc vin v cc tip cn v cc phng php trong phn tch khng gian phc v cho lp k hoch REDD+
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