View
253
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
1/92
HazardousMaterials
Subpart H
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
2/92
Subpart H Standards
1910.101 Compressed Gases
1910.102 Acetylene
1910.103 Hydrogen
1910.104 Oxygen
1910.105 Nitrous Oxide 1910.106 Flammable and Combustible
Liquids
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
3/92
Subpart H Standards
1910.107 Spray Finishing using
Flammable and Combustible
Materials
1910.108 Dip Tanks containing
Flammable and Combustible
Liquids
1910.109 Explosives and Blasting Agents
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
4/92
Subpart H Standards
1910.110 Storage and Handling of
Liquefied Petroleum Gases
1910.111 Storage and Handling of
Anhydrous Ammonia
1910.119 Process Safety Management of
Highly Hazardous Chemicals
1910.120 Hazardous Waste Operations
and Emergency Response
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
5/92
Subpart H Standards
1910.123 Dipping and coating
operations: Coverage and
Definitions
1910.124 General Requirements for
Dipping and Coating
Operations
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
6/92
Subpart H Standards
1910.125 Additional Requirements for
Dipping and Coating
Operations that use Flammableor Combustible Liquids
1910.126 Additional Requirements for
Special Dipping and CoatingOperations
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
7/92
Definitions
Hazardous Chemical
Occupational Safety & Health Act (OSHA)
term that denotes any chemical that would be a
risk to employees if exposed in the work place
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
8/92
Definition
Highly Hazardous Chemical
OSHA term that denotes any chemical that
would posses toxic, reactive, flammable or
explosive properties
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
9/92
Flammable and
Combustible Liquids
1910.106
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
10/92
Definitions
Aerosol
Aerosol shall mean a material which is
dispensed from its container as a mist,
spray, or foam by a propellant under
pressure
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
11/92
Definitions
Approved
Approved shall mean an approved or listed
by a national recognized testing laboratory
Such as:
Underwriters Laboratories (UL) or
Factory Mutual (FM)
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
12/92
Definitions
Boiling Point
Boiling point shall mean the boiling point of
a liquid at a pressure of 14.7 pounds per
square inch absolute (psia). The pressure is
equivalent to 760 millimeters of mercury(760 mm Hg)
Liquid changes into a vapor
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
13/92
Definitions
Boiling Point
At temperatures above the boiling, the pressure of
the atmosphere can no longer hold the liquid in the
liquid state and bubbles begin to form.
The lower the boiling point, the greater the vapor
pressure at normal ambient temperatures and
consequently the greater the risk.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
14/92
Definitions
Container
Container shall mean any can, barrel, or drum
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
15/92
Definitions
Closed Container
Closed container shall mean a container so
sealed by means of a lid or other device that
neither liquid or vapor will escape from it at
ordinary temperatures
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
16/92
Definitions
Fire Area
Fire area shall mean an area of a building
separated from the remainder of the
building by construction having a fire
resistance of at least 1 hour and having all
communicating openings properly protected
by an assembly having a fire resistance
rating of at least one hour.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
17/92
Definitions
Flash Point
Flash point means the minimum
temperature at which a liquid gives off
vapor within a test vessel in sufficient
concentration to form an ignitable mixture
with air near the surface of the liquid. The
flash point is normally an indication of
susceptibility to ignition.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
18/92
Definitions
Combustible Liquid
Combustible liquid means any liquid having
a flash point at above 100F (37.8 C).
Combustible liquids are divided into two
classes:
Class II
Class III
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
19/92
Definitions
Class II Liquids
Class II liquids shall include those with a
flash point at or above 100F (37.8C) and
below 140F (60C)
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
20/92
Definitions
Class III Liquids
Class III liquids shall include those with
flash points at or above 140F (60C).
Class III are divided into two classes:
Class IIIA
Class IIIB
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
21/92
Definitions
Class IIIA Liquids
Class III liquids shall include those with
flash points at or above 140F (60C) and
below 200F (93.3C)
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
22/92
Definitions
Class IIIB Liquids
Class IIIB liquids shall include those with a
flash point at or above 200F (93.3C).
This section does not regulate Class IIIB
liquids.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
23/92
Definitions
NOTE:
When a combustible liquid is heated to
within 30F (16.7C) of its flash point, it
shall be handled in accordance with the
requirements for the next lower class of
liquids
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
24/92
Definitions
Flammable Liquid
Flammable liquid means any liquid having
a flash pointbelow 100 F(37.8 C)
Flammable liquids shall be known asClass I liquids
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
25/92
Definitions
Class I liquids are divided into three classes:
Class 1A
Class 1B
Class 1C
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
26/92
Definitions
Class 1A
Class 1A shall include liquids having flash
points below 73 F (22.8C) and having a
boiling point below 100 F (37.8C)
Examples: Ethyl Ether, Isopropyl Chloride,
Pentane
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
27/92
Definitions
Class 1B Liquids
Class 1B shall include liquids having flash
points below 73F (22.8C) and having a
boiling point at or above 100F (37.8C)
Example: Acetone, Gasoline, Toluene
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
28/92
Definitions
Class 1C
Class 1C shall include liquids having flash
points at at or above 73F (22.8C) and
below 100F (37.8C)
Examples: Amyl Alcohol, Naphtha, Xylene
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
29/92
Flash
Point
200F
140F
100F
73F
Boiling Point
100F
IA IB
IC
II
IIIACombustible
Flash Point
> 100F
Flammable
Flash Point
< 100F
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
30/92
Definitions
Portable Tank
Portable tank shall mean a closed container
having a liquid capacity over 60 U.S.
gallons and not intended for fixed
installation
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
31/92
Definitions
Safety Can
Safety can means an approved container, of not
more than 5 gallons capacity, having a spring-
closing lid and spout cover and so designed that it
will safely relieve internal pressure when subject to
fire exposure
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
32/92
Definitions
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure is a measure of a liquids
propensity to evaporate.
The higher the vapor pressure, the more
volatile the liquid and, thus, the more
readily the liquid gives off vapors
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
33/92
Flammable (Explosive) Limits
Flammable Range
The range of a combustible vapor or gas-air
mixture between the upper and lower flammable
limits.
Also, known as the explosive range.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
34/92
Flammable (Explosive) Limits
Lower Flammable Limit
The lowest concentration at which a combustible
gas forms a flammable mixture.
Below the LFL there is too little combustible fuel
to sustain a flame.
Also, known as Lower Explosive Limit or LEL.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
35/92
Flammable (Explosive) Limits
Upper Flammable Limit
The highest concentration at which a combustible
gas forms a flammable mixture.
Above the UFL there is too little oxygen to sustain
a flame. Better known as too rich to burn.
Also, known as Upper Explosive Limit or UEL.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
36/92
Flammable (Explosive) Limits
Hazardous Material LFL UFL
Butane 1.9 8.5
Ethylene Oxide 3.0 100.0
Gasoline 1.4 7.6 Hydrogen 4.0 75.0
Isopropyl Alcohol 2.0 12.7
Propane 2.1 9.5
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
37/92
Flammable and Combustible Liquids
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
38/92
Introduction
The two primary hazards
associated with flammable
and combustible liquids
are explosionandfire
Safe handling and storage
of flammable liquids
requires the use ofapproved equipment and
practices per OSHA
standards
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
39/92
Classes of Some Flammable Liquids
CLASS IA
CLASS IB
CLASS IC
Common Name Flash Point (o
F)
Ethyl Ether -49
Gasoline -45Methyl Ethyl Ketone 21
Toluene 40
Xylene 81-115
Turpentine 95
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
40/92
Program Components
Control of ignition sources
Proper storage
Fire control Safe handling
A good plan for safe use of flammable and
combustible liquids contains at least these
components:
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
41/92
Sources of Ignition
Open flames
Smoking Static electricity
Cutting and welding
Hot surfaces
Electrical and mechanical sparks
Lightning
Must take adequate precautions to prevent ignition of
flammable vapors. Some sources of ignition include:
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
42/92
Static Electricity
Generated when a fluid flows through a pipe
or from an opening into a tank
Main hazards are fire and explosion from
sparks containing enough energy to ignite
flammable vapors
Bonding or grounding of flammable liquid
containers is necessary to prevent static
electricity from causing a spark
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
43/92
Industrial PlantsGrounding
Class I liquids shall
not be dispensed into
containers unless thenozzle and container
are electrically
interconnected
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
44/92
Bonding
Physically connect two
conductive objects together
with a bond wire to eliminate a
difference in static charge
potential between them
Must provide a bond wire
between containers during
flammable liquid filling
operations, unless a metallicpath between them is
otherwise present
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
45/92
Grounding
Eliminates a difference in static
charge potential between
conductive objects and ground
Although bonding will eliminate adifference in potential between
objects, it will not eliminate a
difference in potential between
these objects and earth unless one
of the objects is connected toearth with a ground wire
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
46/92
Ventilation
Always provide adequate ventilation
to reduce the potential for ignition of
flammable vapors.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
47/92
Storage Fundamentals
Identify incompatible chemicalscheck the
Material Safety Data Sheet
Isolate and separate incompatible materials
Isolate by storing in another area or room
Degree of isolation depends on quantities,
chemical properties and packagingSeparate by storing in same area or room, but
apart from each other
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
48/92
Storage of Flammable
and Combustible Liquids
Storage must not limit the use ofexits, stairways, or areas normallyused for the safe egress of people
In office occupancies:
Storage prohibited except thatwhich is required for maintenanceand operation of equipment
Storage must be in:
closed metal containers insidea storage cabinet, or
safety cans, or
an inside storage room
Inside storage room
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
49/92
Safety Cans for Storage and Transfer
Approved container of
not more than 5 gallons
capacity Spring-closing lid and
spout cover
Safely relieves internalpressure when exposed
to fire
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
50/92
Flame Arrester Screen
Prevents fire flashback into can
contents
Double wire-mesh construction
Large surface area provides rapiddissipation of heat from fire so
that vapor temperature inside can
remains below ignition point
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
51/92
Storage Cabinets
Not more than 60 gal of Class Iand/or Class II liquids, or not more
than 120 gal of Class III liquids
permitted in a cabinet
Must be conspicuously labeled,Flammable - Keep Fire Away
Doors on metal cabinets must have a
three-point lock (top, side, and
bottom), and the door sill must beraised at least 2 inches above the
bottom of the cabinet
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
52/92
Fire Control
Suitable fire control devices, such as
small hose or portable fire extinguishers
must be available where flammable or
combustible liquids are stored
Open flames and smoking must not be
permitted in these storage areas
Materials which react with water must
not be stored in the same room with
flammable or combustible liquids
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
53/92
Transferring Flammable Liquids
1. Through a closed piping system
2. From safety cans
3. By gravity through an approved self-
closing safety faucet
4. By means of a safety pump
Since there is a sizeable risk whenever flammable
liquids are handled, OSHA allows only four
methods for transferring these materials:
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
54/92
Self-Closing Safety Faucet
Bonding wire
between drum and
container Grounding wire
between drum and
ground Safety vent in drum
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
55/92
Safety Pump
Faster and safer than using afaucet
Spills less likely
No separate safety vents in
drum required Installed directly in drum
bung opening
Some pump hoses have
integral bonding wires
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
56/92
Waste and Residue
Waste drum with
disposal funnelSafety disposal can Oily-waste can
(self-closing lid)
Combustible waste and residue must be kept to a minimum,stored in covered metal receptacles and disposed of daily.
Container and Portable Tank
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
57/92
Container and Portable Tank
Storage
This section applies only to the storage of
flammable and combustible liquids indrums or other containers not exceeding
60 gallons individual capacity and portable
tanks of less than 660 gallons individualcapacity.
Container and Portable Tank
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
58/92
Container and Portable Tank
Storage
Only approved containers and portable tanks may
be used to store flammable and combustible
liquids
Metal containers and portable tanks must meet
DOT requirements
Design Construction and
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
59/92
Design, Construction and
Capacity of Storage Cabinets
Not more than 60 gallons of Class I and/ or Class
II liquids, or not more than 120 gallons of ClassIIIliquids may be stored in an individual cabinet
Design Construction and
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
60/92
Design, Construction and
Capacity of Storage Cabinets
The standard permits both metal and
wooden storage cabinets
Cabinets shall be designed and constructed
to limit internal temperatures to not more
than 325F when subject to a standardized10-minute fire test
Design Construction and
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
61/92
Design, Construction and
Capacity of Storage Cabinets
The bottom, top, door, and sides of metal
cabinets shall be at least 18 gauge sheet
metal and double walled with a 1 -inchair space
The door shall be provided with a threepoint lock and the door sill shall be raised at
least 2-inches above the bottom of the
cabinet
Design and Construction of
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
62/92
Design and Construction of
Inside Storage Rooms
Construction is to comply with test
specifications outlined in NFPA 251
Openings to other rooms or buildings shall
be provided with non-combustible liquid-
tight raised sills or ramps at least 4-inchesin height, or the floor in the storage area
shall be at least 4-inches below the
surrounding floor
Design and Construction of
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
63/92
Design and Construction of
Inside Storage Rooms
Opening shall be provided with approved
self-closing fire doors
The room shall be liquid tight where the
floor joins the floor
Electrical wiring for Class I liquids will
comply with Class I, Division 2 hazardous
locations
Design and Construction of
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
64/92
Design and Construction of
Inside Storage Rooms
In each storage room, an aisle of at least
3 feet in width will be maintained
Containers over 30 gallons capacity shall
not be stacked
Containers will be at least 3 feet from
sprinkler heads
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
65/92
Fire Control
At least one portable fire extinguisher having a
rating of not less than 12-B units shall be locatedoutside of, but not more than 10 feet from, the
door opening into any room used for storage.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
66/92
Maximum Quantities
The quantity of liquid
that may be located
outside of an insidestorage room or
storage cabinet in a
building or in any one
fire area of a buildingshall not exceed:
25 gallons of Class IA
liquids in containers
120 gallons of Class
IB, IC, II, or III liquids
in containers
660 gallons of Class
IB, IC, II, or III liquids
in a single portable
tank.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
67/92
Service Stations
No smoking or open
flames in areas used
for fueling, servicingfuel, etc.
Conspicuous signs
must be posted.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
68/92
Liquid Transfer
If gravity transfer is
used, must be through
an approved self-closing valve.
Transferring by means
of air pressure on the
container or portabletanks shall be
prohibited.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
69/92
Handling Liquids
Flammable liquids
shall be kept in
covered containerswhen not actually in
use.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
70/92
Housekeeping
Combustible waste
and residue shall be
kept to a minimum,stored in covered
metal receptacles, and
disposed of daily
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
71/92
Safe Handling Fundamentals Carefully read the manufacturers label on
the flammable liquid container beforestoring or using it
Practice good housekeeping in flammable
liquid storage areas Clean up spills immediately, then place the
cleanup rags in a covered metal container
Only use approved metal safety containersor original manufacturers container to storeflammable liquids
Keep the containers closed when not in useand store awa from exits or assa ewa s
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
72/92
Summary
The two primary hazards associated with flammable and
combustible liquids are explosion and fire
Safe handling and storage of flammable liquids requires
the use of approved equipment and practices per OSHA
standards
An excellent reference on this topic is National Fire
Protection Association Standard No. 30,Flammable and
Combustible Liquids Code
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
73/92
Spray Finishing
1910.107
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
74/92
Definitions
Aerated Solid Powders
Aerated powders shall mean any powdered
material used as a coating material which shallbe fluidized within a container by passing air
uniformly from below. It is common practice to
fluidize such materials to form a fluidized
powder bed and then dip the part to be coated
into the bed in a manner similar to that used in
liquid dipping. Such beds are also used as
sources for powder spray operation
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
75/92
Definitions
Spraying Area
Any area in which dangerous quantities of
flammable vapors or mists, or combustible
residues, dusts, or deposits are present due
to the operation of spraying processes.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
76/92
Definitions
Spray Booth
A power-ventilated structure provided to
enclose or accommodate a spraying
operation to confine and limit the escape of
spray, vapor, and residue, and to safely
conduct or direct them to an exhaust system
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
77/92
Definitions
Waterwash spray booth
A spray booth equipped with a water
washing system designed to minimize dusts
or residues entering exhaust ducts and to
permit the recovery of overspray finishing
material
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
78/92
Definitions
Dry spray booth
A spray booth not equipped with a water
washing system as described in
subparagraph (4) of this paragraph.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
79/92
Definitions
Dry spray booth
A dry spray booth may be equipped with
distribution or baffle plates to promote an even flow ofair through the booth or cause the deposit of overspray
before it enters the exhaust duct; or
overspray dry filters to minimize dusts or residuesentering exhaust ducts; or
where dry powders are being sprayed, with powder
collection systems so arranged in the exhaust to capture
oversprayed material.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
80/92
Separation of Operations
Each spray booth shall be separated from
other operations by:
not less than 3 feet or
by a partition or wall to reduce danger
3 feet
3 ft 8 feet
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
81/92
Sources of Ignition
There will be no open flame or spark
producing equipment in any spray area nor
within 20 feet
Space heating appliances, steam pipes, or
hot surfaces shall not be located in the sprayarea
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
82/92
Electrical
Class I or Class II, Division 1 Locations
The interior of spray booths or rooms
The interior of exhaust ducts
Any area in the direct path of spray
operations
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
83/92
Electrical
Class I or Class II, Division 2 Locations
For open spraying, all space outside of butwithin 20 feet horizontally and 10 feet
verticallySpray Area
20
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
84/92
Closed Top/Open Face Booth
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
85/92
Enclosed Spray Booth or
Room
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
86/92
Open Spraying
Locations
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
87/92
1910.119(a) Purpose
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
88/92
( ) p
This section contains requirements for preventing or
minimizing the consequences of catastrophic releasesof:
Toxic,
Reactive,
Flammable, or
Explosive chemicals
These releases may result in toxic, fire or explosion
hazards
1910.119(a)(1)Application
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
89/92
( )( ) pp
A process which involves a chemical at or above the
specified threshold quantities listed in Appendix A
A process which involves a flammable liquid or gas
(as defined in 1910.1200(c) of this part) on site in one
location, in a quantity of 10,000 pounds (4535.9 kg) or
more
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
90/92
Review
What is a flammable liquid?
What is a combustible liquid?
A Class 1A flammable liquid has a flash
point of less than?
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
91/92
Review
What is the maximum amount of a 1A
liquid that can be stored outside of a
flammable storage cabinet or room?
A 12B fire extinguisher must be located
within _______ feet of flammable liquidstorage room.
8/10/2019 HazMat Gen
92/92
Review
Spray finishing can be a hazardous activity.
True or False
Each spray booth must be separated by
___ feet or a wall or partition from other
operations.
S b h i
Recommended