How is Vespa velutina nigrithorax deal with in Korea · V. similima smilima and V. Velutina are...

How is Vespa velutina nigrithorax deal with in Korea ?

Dongwon KIM

Rural development Administration, S. Korea

V. similima smilima and V. Velutina are high genetically close

Vespa analis parallela André, 1884 좀말벌

Vespa crabro flavofasciata Cameron, 1903 말벌

Vespa ducalis Smith, 1852 꼬마장수말벌

Vespa dybowskii André, 1884 검정말벌

Vespa mandarinia Cameron, 1852 장수말벌

Vespa simillima simillima Smith, 1862 털보말벌

Vespa simillima xanthoptera Cameron, 1903 황말벌

subfamily : Vespinae

Vespa velutina nigrithorax Buysson, 1905

Genus : Vespa

Vespa binghami Buysson, 1905 큰홑눈말벌

Vespa crabro crabroniformis Smith, 1852 등무늬말벌

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Vespa: in apiary Vespula

Polistes

3~4cm 2~3cm

Velutina

simillima simillima

crabro flavofasciata

analis

mandarinia

>2m

>5m

>10m

Vespula

Polistes

Polistes

Month

Queen Worker

Drone

Major damage period in apiary

Aug.~Oct.

◾ Vespa velutina nigrithoax Buysson, 1905

Asian Hornet

Yellow-legged Asian Hornet

Asian black hornet

◾ Korean common name: Black thorax wasp

Social problem

“Honeybee Killer” or “Killing wasp” ◾ People

Killing V.v fire fighter died by V.v

◾ Beekeeping industry

It damages about $144,000,000

◾ Natural ecosystem disturbance

Dominant species chage: V.crabro, V s. simillima V.v

2003

2004

Southern China

V.v was introduced to have Korea from southern China in 2003

The influx of wasps is estimated to be caused by traders such as wood.

V.v was first discovered near Busan Port in 2003.

Busan port

First discovered

3.5km

V.v nest when first discovered First discover area in Busan

The beekeeper has been inquiring that the new wasp damages the honeybee In Busan, 2008 In 2009, study on wasp control began for apiculture industry Korea common name: Black wasp

2016 First reported region

2016 2014

: Regions reported before 2012 : 2014 confirmed region

Why is it slow ?

1. high mountain range 2. 10 species in Korea : Native species have high ecological niche

Korea France

Site Busan Aquitaine

Year of Invasion

2003 2004

Speed(km/yr) 12.4±6.77 < 67.3±25.43

Max Speed(km/yr)

26.4 < 154.5

The spread speed coefficient

increases by time.

Estimating Economic Damage

1) Labor force used for wasp control During for Control

: 40,000 beekeeper x $50 x 100/2days

$10,000,000

2) Colony loss 30 % loss $ 7,500,00

Economic damage

$ 17,500,000

1. Bite trap oak tree + sugar + fruit + juice + wine

2. Contact pesticide

3. Direct killing

Increased damage

V.v

more like honeybee bite trap low efficiency

be diligent From early dawn to early evening

speedy move

hacking Optimized for honeybee Hunting

large population size 5,000 adult /colony

active until early winter overwintering disturbance

Spring season catche

Queen one adult

Fall season colony control

(5,000 adult/colony)

Spring season queen capture using bite trap

Month 4 5 6 7

Control

◾ forest: bite trap ◾ Intensive capture

for queen

◾ forest/ apiary

Bite trap

8 9 10 11 ◾apiary management~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

1. Radio-telemetry(2015) failure

Problem

1) Dense forest

2) high mountain range

2. Drone

Sensor Options

: RGB, Red edge

Angle 60 ° Angle 70 °

Angle 90 °

김동원 dongwonkim@korea.kr

Thank you for your attention

Bee happy

Human happy

Beekeeper happy