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Ponencia de las IV Jornada de Museos Locales. «La función de los museos en pequeñas localidades» Sr. Tomislaw Sola. Director de la Cátedra de Museologia de la Universidad de Zagreb. Ex director de Museo y ex miembro del Consejo Consultivo del ICOM
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Museums and Social Commitment How should museums behave in small places
(La funció dels museus en localitats menudes)
Tomislav Šola
Valencia 25. Feb. 2015
ALL THE VISUAL MATERIAL IS USED ONLY FOR THE LECTURING WITHIN THE HERITAGE
PROFESSION AS A NON-PROFIT SECTOR
AND CANNOT BE USED PUBLICLY
Read manuals for the job and books for the profession.
MNEMOSOPHY
An essay on the science
of public memory
T. S. Sola
Searching for the
publisher
Any Professor of Heritology or
Mnemosophy is a geek:
Architecture, History of Art,
English language, Journalism,
Museology (with G.H. Riviere and
K. Hudson), “own” conference...
Here are some general
statements:
© Tomislav Šola, 2007/2012
......................
• Museums are about present.
• Museums are working for democratic insight and
understanding of the world.
• Museology (-ography) is theory of museum practice.
• Museums are also scientific institutions.
• Object do not make a museum; they only form a
collection; there can be museums without objects or even
without collections and museums without a building.
• Curatorship is not a profession but can be part of one.
• Collections, instititutions and knowledge are not the
objectives but means.
• PMIs form public memory sector: like public health,
public education etc.
• There is a science of public memory.
• Public memory profession is appearing.
© Tomislav Šola, 2007/2012
• ....................
• There cannot be a recipe for any creative work.
• Changing the mindset is the condition of successful
change.
• Tell YOUR story.
• Celebrate your specificity.
• Know the identity (that you are in the charge of) better
than anybody.
• Success consists of solutions to the needs.
• Solution to wants is not our business.
• Study ecomuseum paradigm.
• Heritage as cybernetics in social project/contract &
working for the welfare state
• A guarantee of success: talent, creativeness, devotion,
honesty, professional education
Read manuals for the job and books for the
profession.© Tomislav Šola, 2007/2012
To understand
the actual world
as it is,
not as we should wish
it to be,
is the beginning of
wisdom.
Decadence of public
intellectuals
observation capsule
ENDLESS TAKING BRINGS MISERY AND RAGE
GLOBALISATION
The museologists
1. Recognize
2. Collect
3. Restore
4. Care
5. Exhibit
3 “C”
1. Research
2. Bringing the life back
3. Revive the context
4. Communicate the values
5. Choose the values the
piano stands for
6. Use piano as art of
memory item
There is nothing so practical
as the good theory.
Kurt Zadek Lewin, 1951
MNEMOSOPHIA
Mneme = Memory
Sophia = Wisdom
Science of Public Memory, - selected, understood and used as social wisdom
Tomislav Šola, 1987.
Total heritage
PM domain
Museums
Archives
Monumentsand sites
Knowledgebases
networks
DB systems
Privatelyowned
heritage
Living heritage
Libraries
The forgotten whole of heritage
or the public memory domain
© Tomislav Šola, 1996/99
Wisdom
as quality,
noble
memory
of the past
Heritage
profession
Culture
Industries
Concept of the integrity of heritage
© T.Šola, 1986/2002/2013.
Public memory
sector
Collective
memory
Social memory
sector
Everyday social reality
The Reformist Manifesto
MUSEUMS HAVE ALWAYS
ANALYSED THE WORLD,
WHEREAS THE POINT IS
HOW TO CHANGE IT
i.e. how to serve the world towards the harmonious continuity and survival.
© Tomislav Šola, University of Zagreb, 1989.
Public memory institutions
are not
about preserving past.
They are about
change and continuity.
All the rest
is either circumstance
or means towards this.
© Tomislav Šola, 2008.
Knowing problems – Finding solutions
1. Educate voters
2. Inform and train consumers
3. Inform and inspire true travelling
4. Educate for hedonism and taste
5. Inspire, inform entrepreneurs
6. Educate family members
7. Educate society members
8. Reveal values of professionalism
9. Support ethics of quality and harmony
10. Present beauty, virtues and taste
1. Political illiteracy
2. Manipulated consumers
3. Aimless wanderers’ culture
4. Uncritical, indifferent consumption
5. Lack of inventiveness, unemployment
6. Poor quality of family life
7. Lack of social discipline, solidarity
8. Lack of criteria in evaluation of services
9. Rudeness and imbalance, violence
10. Ugliness, teach beauty and virtues
Historia est magistra vitae. (???)
© T.Šola, 2007/2015
CAN YOU CONCEIVE ANYTHING IN EQUAL SPIRIT ?
…like revealing to people their identity in the real time ?
When you cannot miss?
Museums are about change
Seven advices
for a quality museum institution
1. Contemporaneous, as to deal with real time, real people, real problems; offeringan overview and insight into the reality
2. Versatile, as to be open, dynamic, accessible, quick in reaction to the changedcircumstances, communicational
3. Wise, so that it offers knowledge, inspiration, enriches the experiences and becomes a help in living by creating sensibility and understanding
4. Useful, so as to contribute to the wisdom necessary for the balanced development; make the users better and ennobled;
5. Effective so as to make a museum (HI) able to create information, messages, knowledge and wisdom in a persuasive and usable way, with immediate consequences upon attitudes and behaviour
6. Comfortable so that it cares for the comfort of the users to be a pleasant, encouraging environment for the exchange of values
7. Honest, so that employees know who is the “owner” of the museum, and that the museum stands for common values and contributes to common good
© T.Šola, IV / 2001
Innovative answers
may redefine collecting….
• Socially: whose past we document and communicate?
• Politically: whose interests are reflected in collections
• Conceptually: product or process? object or concept? Far past or immediate past included?
• Proprietary: who is the interested owner?
• Communicationally: in character and spread
• Professionally: participation and distribution as policy of the total museum
• Organisationaly: co-ordination, pools, re-distribution
• Intentive: final use of the material (type of exhibition or activity)
© Tomislav Sola 2007/14
….from treasure to interpretive inventory ?
But, how do you help population which hears no more
their own ancestors ?
• Find their ancestors
• Select wise ones
(and use bad ones to demonstrate the criteria)
• Breath in the life into the wise
• Be yourself the wise mediator
• Let them speak and advise
• Use science and procedures of your trade to
assure responsibility and relevance
© T.Šola, IV / 2001/2013
The MMoAA parked the the Union Square Farmers’ Market in Somerville, MA
“The tinniest museum in the world”, Kapele, Slovenia, 1999.
Concept and design Tomislav Šola
Innovation
……. is a new idea, device, or method, BUT…
• We like innovation that can be bought like a device (machines,
equipment = technology; Museography)
• We also like innovation that that can be trained (managerial
techniques; formal knowledge)
• We less like innovation that requires education,possible change
of attitudes, new understanding, different sensitivity, change of
mind or worldview…- metanoia.
© Tomislav Šola, 2014
• Will museums, like art, music, literature and theatres and be on our side (and be beloved for that)?
• Truth and beauty are the names of excellence.
• Intellectuals and public institutions have largely betrayed citizens.
• We stand for our community
• We can make the world a better place.
© Tomislav Sola 2014
Musée combatant ?
......and saying NO to the masters of chaos
The qualities of democratic society
i.e. of social humanity
Equal chances
Humanist ethics
Objective information
Free knowledge
Free social security
Respect for ancestral heritage
Respect for nature
© Tomislav Šola, 2006
The meaning of heritage
is the wisdom usable
for quality of life
(provided by the cybernetic
counter-action )
General solutions
• Harmonized PM sector (legislation, network)
• Spaces of functional synergy
• Set of original, innovative, international activities, events
and institutions
• Network of micro-museums
• Obligatory, innovative, education for PM sector
• Contributing to world’s heritage movement
© Tomislav Sola, 2014
Culture and heritagecan contribute
to prosperity
by
promoting and generating
CIVIC AND SOCIAL LITERACY
because
the main condition of prosperity
is undisturbed,
own peace
and real democracy
© Tomislav Sola, 2005
Societal project / social contract
The age of museums
was the age of subdoing,
of conquest
and of taking.
The age of heritage
is that of recognition,
of returning
and of giving.
© Tomislav Šola, 2014
Giving is the clue:
the giving back, contributing, sharing, giving
away…
• Return what does not belong to you
• Return to the places where the collections come from
• See what you can do in reinforcing or sustaining the
value systems they belonged to.
• Be a pace-maker to dying hearts of identity.
• Do not resurect anything: leave it to the industries of
heritage, entertainment and tourism.
© Tomislav Šola, 2014
Mith about Siziphus only means
that our ideal goals will always remain
in front of us, - nothing else!
Can we change the world?
CREO QUE PODEMOS
©Tomislav Šola, 2014
E=mc2
E = Excellencem = museumsc = communication
© The Best in Heritage, 2005
24 - 26 2015
Gràcies i ens veiem a Dubrovnik!
Gracias y nos vemos en Dubrovnik!
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