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1. What does “land” mean to you? What are the differences among “land”, “soil” and “earth”?
2. What does the word “motherland” or “homeland” associate your mind with?
3. Do you think land carries secret message? What are they?
I.I. QuestionsQuestions
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
II.II. A guessA guess
The end of A guess.
Land of the Rising Sun
Land of the Rose
Land of the Shamrock 国花三叶草
Land of Cakes
Land of the Stars and Stripes
Scotland
Japan
U.S.A
Ireland
England
Do you know what these nicknames refer to?
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
III. Land III. Land idiomsidioms
To be continued on the next page.
1. land flowing with milk and honey/land of milk and honey —a place in which life would be pleasant, with plenty of food and chances of success and happiness
[origin] Bible 3:8, Exodus, O.T.
“… bring them up… to a land flowing with milk and honey…”
Note: this English idiom is equivalent to Chinese “ 鱼米之乡” in meaning, but different in cultural connotations.
流奶与蜜的地方(喻:丰饶之国;富饶之
地)
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
III. Land idiomsIII. Land idioms
To be continued on the next page.
2. land/house of Bondage埃及;艰苦之
境地
—Egypt: also any place or condition of great hardship or oppression
[origin] Bible
3. land of dreams —region outside the laws of nature, as experienced in sleep or in the imagination
梦乡;梦境;梦幻世界
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
III. Land idiomsIII. Land idioms
To be continued on the next page.
5. land of Nod
—infml sleep
[origin] Bible 4:16, Genesis, O.T.
睡乡
6. land of promise/promised land/land of covenant
—any state of future happiness
[origin] Bible 15:18-21, Genesis, O.T.
未来的幸福境界;乐土;福地;希望
之乡
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
III. Land idiomsIII. Land idioms
To be continued on the next page.
7. Land of Shades
—the underworld; place where the spirits of the dead go
阴间;地狱;冥府
8. land of the living
—the place of living men; this present existence
[origin] Bible 53:8, Isaiah, O.T. “For he was cut off out the land of the living…”
人世;现世
Lesson 3 - Message of the Land
I. Thailand and the Author
II. Bangkok
III. Thai Buddhism
IV. Monks in Thailand
Background Background InformationInformation
Siamese 暹罗人 Drama (entitled Tales of Thailand in the latest editions)
People of Esarn Monsoon Country 《雨季的乡下》 (1988) its sequel, The Force of Karma 《因果报应》
(2002).
His works:
The others are Muslim, Catholic
or Chinese.
If you have done good deeds next life will be better
94% of Thai people are Buddhist.
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
I. Text Style
II. Stylistic Feature
III. Text Structure
IV. Language Points
While-Reading
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
Style: essay (in a very broad sense)
or interview
The interviewees: a farmer and his wife
(note: Since the World War II it has become popular for writers to interview people, record what they say and, after some, not too much, editing, publish these people’s stories in book form.)
I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Style
The end of Style.
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
colloquial
I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Please find
supporting details
in the text.
The end of Stylistic feature.
Stylistic feature
straightforward language
short sentences
small and easy words
Part 1: The wife’s speech (para. 1- )
(para. - )
Part 2: The farmer’s speech (para. - 11)
The wife tells us briefly about each member of her family and how all her children left. This part focuses on the changes that she finds she can’t adjust to.
The farmer tells us what he thinks are the roots of all evils. He also tells us what joys he finds in life and in farming.
3
47
8
Text Structure
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Changes in family
Changes in the village
The wife’scomplaints
Thefarmer’scomplaints
None of the children will come back to inherit the land.
• Greed, anger, and lust are the root of all evils.• No young man will care what message the land gives.
the loss of traditional values and the way of life
All four children went away. Children wear
jeans instead.
no barter, but cash no pay-free help plastic things instead only the old on the land no practice of the old customs no respect for the old
To be continued on the next page.
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
What’s the message of the land? For further
discussion
To be continued on the next page.
It’s our history, our culture, our tradition and our life. In a word, it is our root which we cannot live without.
习惯用语 barter sth for sth:barter with sb for sth: 犯人们想和看守人交换自由The prisoners tried to barter with the g
uards for their freedom.
barter
Example:
习惯用语 in / after the fashion of sb: like sb She paints in the fashion of Picasso.come into / be in fashiongo / be out of fashion: outdated
fashion Word Formation fashionable (adj.) old-fashioned (ad
j.)Example:
hairdresser: n. beautician: n.barber: n.
greed Word Formation greedy (adj.) greediness (adj.)
Example:
adj.+ness
coldness darkness shortness exactness tiredness happiness sadness selflessnessfriendlessness
1. A group of kids stood by and watched the school bully beat up a smaller boy.
a. a person who threatens the weaker b. a person who deceives others c. a gangster d. an activist2. The soil is not difficult to till when there is a l
ot of rain. a. weed b. cultivate c. sow d. reap
a, b
To be continued on the next page.
真题搜索
The end of Quiz 1.
3. I don't mean to sound ungrateful, but I really don't need any help. a. gratitude b. thankless c. disgraceful d. unreasonable4. The destruction of rainforests has been ____ as a disaster for the environment.
a. condemned b. condensedc. contradicted d. congested
5. There is a ____ of vegetable garden behind the house. a. pane b. slip
c. strip d. stripe
b a c
真题搜索
6. The ____ of wheat was caused by the draught.
a. scarcity b. scarcelyc. scare d. scanty
a
To be continued on the next page.
真题搜索
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
The text tells about the deep regret of the old people over the loss of traditional values and the way of life.
Theme of the story The theme is hidden in
the message of
the land.
The end of Theme.
Part 1: The wife’s speech (para. 1- )
(para. - )
Part 2: The farmer’s speech (para. - 11)
The wife tells us briefly about each member of her family and how all her children left. This part focuses on the changes that she finds she can’t adjust to.
The farmer tells us what he thinks are the roots of all evils. He also tells us what joys he finds in life and in farming.
3
47
8
Text Structure
Phrases:spring up; afford to; in spite of…
Sentence Structure:not only….but also
Grammar: subjunctive mood 虚拟Figures of Speech: simile; metapho
r; personification;
Teaching Focus
1. marry: vt./vi. ( line 4, para. 1 ) They married young.John is going to marry Jane.marry sb offHe is married to a famous writer.He is whole-heartedly married to his work.
Language Points
Word Formation married (adj.) marriage (n.)
2. my husband moved into our houses as is the way with us in Esarn.
relative clause (subject)
Language Points
as: As is known to all, Taiwan belongs to China.Air, as we know, is a gas.
3. Question: What is the cultural connotation in this sentence?
Answer: When we got married) my husband came to live in our house. It was the tradition here in Esarn that the bridegroom should come to live with the bride’s family.
Language Points
• 1 She did her work _____her • manager had instructed. (TEM-2003)• A. as B. until C. when D. though• 2 Fool _____Jane is, she could not have done
such a thing.• A. who B. as C. that D. like• 3 ___ is often the case with a new idea, much
preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals. (TEM-1994)
• A. That B. It C. This D. As
真题搜索
1. can / could be able + afford sth /to do sth
They walked because they couldn’t afford (to take) taxi.
I mustn’t annoy my boss because I can’t afford to lose my job.
3 afford to: (line 6, para. 1)
sentence paraphrase
(para. 2) …telling us that they are doing well. I know this is not always true.
It’s easier for my husband. He has ears which don’t hear, a mouth which doesn’t speak, and eyes that don’t see.
Word Formation now and then here and there ups and downs the ins and outs
add insult to injury 连打带骂 , offer an insult to 侮辱 swallow an insult 忍受侮辱 , 忍辱含垢 sit down under insults 甘受侮辱 , 驯顺地
忍受凌辱
Word Formation insult indignity humiliation
4 in spite (n. ) of(para.3): (prep.) They went out in spite of the rain.
regardless (adv.) ofShe carried on regardless of the danger.
despite (prep.): They had a wonderful holiday, despite the bad weather.
He went to school in spite of the heavy rain. a. regardless of b. concerning c. with respect to d. despite of
Our piece of land is small, and it is no longer fertile, bleeding year after year and, like us, getting old and exhausted. (3)
personification
not only…but also
1 词性对等: (1) 富兰克林不仅被看作发明家,而且被看作政治家。
Frankin was considered not only an inventor, but also a statesman.
(2) 这位护士不仅能干而且亲切和蔼。The nurse was not only competent but also kind.
2 谓语动词的数应与 but also 后主语的数保持一致: Not only you but also Mr Wang teaches in this college.
3 not only 放在句首,后接句子时要用倒装结构Not only had the poor man been fined, but also he had been sent to prison.
Exercises
①Either you or I ___(be) right.②Neither the students nor the teacher___ (know)
anything about it. ③Not only Jane but also her families __(be) kind t
o me. Having no money but ____ to know, Tom simpl
y said he would go without dinner. a. not to want anyone b. wanted no one c. not wanting anyone d. to want no one
Word Formation spring to spring from
spring up (line 6, para.4)
spring up: New houses were springing up all over the town. spring to life: suddenly become activeOn hearing his name called, the sleeping dog sprang to life. (come) spring to mind: Nothing immediately springs to mind. spring from sthHatred often springs from fear.
Cultural note
16) In my day, if I were to … lightning would strike me. (para 4)
Cultural background: In Thailand, females wear wrap-around skirts. I
n some Asian countries, to be stuck dead by lightening is believed to be a punishment by God.
Most people were fast asleep when the hurricane ____ at 4:05 pm.
a. stuck b. strikedc. stricken d. struck
What is the topic sentence of Para. 4? What are the supporting details?
Answer: Topic sentence: “… we two haven’t changed much, but the village has.”
Supporting details:– Cash instead of barter– Paid help– Plastic things instead of village crafts– The old alone on the land– Young people’s different way of thinking, dressing an
d behaving
Question:
What is the function of the first sentence in para. 5?
Answer: The first sentence in para. 5 is a transitional sentence. The wife shifts her talk to the things that should not change, which include people’s worship, and young people’s respect to their parents and the aged.
Question:
• 7 If that kind of thing had happened when I was young, the whole village would have condemned such an ungrateful son.
If 条件句 had + 过去分词 主句 would/ should/ could/ might + have + 过去分词
Paragraph 6
e.g.你要是接受了我的建议,就可以通过考试了。If you had taken my advice , you wouldn't (couldn’t) have failed in the exam. 你要是锁好了门,他也就不会批评你了。
He would have finished his college education, but he ____ to quit and find a job to support his family.(TEM-2007)A. had had B. has C. had D. would have
真题搜索
occur to sb: come into mind
An idea has occurred to me.
It never occurred to her that he might be cheating her.
occur to (paragraph. 7)Word Formation occurrence (n.) incident event
a bag of bones(para.7): a very thin person or animalThe cat was just a bag of bones.pack one’s bags: (prepare to) leaveHe was told to pack his bags.
.
A bag of bones (paragraph. 7)
Question: What is the general idea of para 4 to para 7? Answer: This part focuses on the changes that she finds she
can’t adjust to. Question: How does the wife present her speech? What is
her attitude toward the changes around her? Answer: By comparison/contrast and exemplification, the w
ife presents her idea of this changing world. She dislikes the changes around her. She won’t accept the changes and even refuses to change with the life.
Question: Find the evidences of comparison/contrast and exemplification in the text.
Question:
1 What’s her view of life?2 What does she consider the most import
ant things in her life?3 Does she believe in love? Do you think sh
e loves her husband and children? Does she express her love in the same way as the young people do today?
Question:
Para. 8
• My eyes do see--- they see more than they should. My ears do hear---they hear more than is good for me.
• ---I’m not what my wife says I am. I do see and hear--- I see and hear too much evil, too many ugly and terrible things, things that I wish I did not have to see and hear. And this is not good for me.
tie down (para.10)
to tie somebody down: to restrict somebody’s freedom.
e.g. She doesn’t want children because she says they tie you down.
她不想要孩子,就因为她总说孩子会束缚她的自由。 Young children do ____ a woman ____. a. tie… up b. tie… down c. tie… in d. tie… off
Question: What can be inferred from para. 10?
Answer: The farmer is very traditional. He still clings to the conventional idea of having a big family with children around him. Because of his strong attachment to the land, he wants his children to follow in his footsteps and be content with the farming life.
Question:
Question: What can we learn from the last paragraph? What is the message of land? The farmer nurses a strong love towards the land. He loves the feeling when tilling the land and the smell and sight when the rice on the land is ripening. He feels so close to the land that he can even read the message of the land. He strongly hopes that one day he can pass on the land’s secret message to his grandchildren.
Question
SimileA simile is a brief comparison , usually introduced by the preposition “like” or the conjunction “as”, as ... as, than , as if , as though and etc.Eg:
-O my love’s like a red, red rose. ---Robert Burns-Jim was as cunning as an old fox.-The cheque fluttered to the floor like a broken wing.
Wring Device -----Figures of Speech
MetaphorA metaphor, like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. Eg:He is a wolf in sheep’s clothing. The world is a stage. He is the black sheep of the family.The child is the apple of her eye.
Wring Device -----Figures of Speech
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Please find the sentences in the text which contain either simile or metaphor and point out the rhetorical device in each sentence.
1. Sometimes, they get bullied and insulted,
and it is like a knife piercing my heart. (2)
2. When each of them has a pair of jeans,
they are off like birds on the wing. (10)
To be continued on the next page.
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Personification
Our piece of land is small, and it is no longer fertile, bleeding year after year and, like us, getting old and exhausted. (3)
Personification is really a special kind of metaphor.
personificationReferring to inanimate things or abstractions as if they were human.
To be continued on the next page.
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
The soil is not difficult to till when there is a lot
of rain, but in a bad year, it’s not only the
ploughs that break but our hearts, too. (3)
Zeugma: a single word is made to modify or govern two or more words in the same sentence
Zeugma
To be continued on the next page.
Examples
Zeugma蜜蜂是在酿蜜,又是在酿造生活 .---- 杨朔《荔枝蜜》水调数声持酒听,午醉醒来愁未醒。 ---- 张先《天仙子》第二位汪太太过了门没生孩子,只生病。在家养病反倒把这病养家了,不肯离开她,所以她终年娇弱得很 . ----钱钟书《围城》
Wring Device -----Figures of Speech
Zeugma1.The senator picked up his hat as well as his courage.2. Miss Bolo rose from the table considerably agitated, and went straight home, in a flood of tears and a sedan轿子 chair.3. Ten minutes later, the coffee and the captain arrived simultaneously.
Wring Device -----Figures of Speech
Zeugma4. Yesterday he had a blue heart and coat.5. I got up yesterday and managed to catch a bus and a cold.6. … old people gathering in the social hall for comradeship and a hot lunch.
Wring Device -----Figures of Speech
Ⅲ Further discussion
List some facts that attract the young man away from countryside to cities or even overseas.
I.I. Oral WorkOral Work
Image of Mother
16 Years of Age—
Mother? She’s hopelessly old-fashioned.
18 Years of Age—
That old woman? She’s way out of date!
25 Years of Age—
Well, she might know a little bit about it.
35 Years of Age—
Before we decide, let’s get Mom’s opinion.
Debating 2:
First read this poem:
To be continued on the next page.
I.I. Oral WorkOral Work45 Years of Age—
Wonder what Mom would have thought about it?
65 Years of Age—
Wish I could talk it over with Mom!
The end of Debating.
Topic for debating:
Generation gap can/cannot be bridged.
Changes in family
Changes in the village
The wife’scomplaints
Thefarmer’scomplaints
the loss of traditional values and the way of life
Lesson 3-Message of the Land
I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Changes in family
Changes in the village
The wife’scomplaints
Thefarmer’scomplaints
None of the children will come back to inherit the land.
• Greed, anger, and lust are the root of all evils.• No young man will care what message the land gives.
the loss of traditional values and the way of life
All four children went away. Children wear
jeans instead.
no barter, but cash no pay-free help plastic things instead only the old on the land no practice of the old customs no respect for the old
To be continued on the next page.
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