October, 24. History & Mystery of the English language

October, 24.October, 24.

History & Mystery of the History & Mystery of the English language.English language.

The aims of the lesson:The aims of the lesson:

To summarize the material of the previous To summarize the material of the previous lessons.lessons.

To learn the new words.To learn the new words.

Get the new information about the British Get the new information about the British history.history.

Speaking EnglishSpeaking English

Repeat the following words after the speakerRepeat the following words after the speaker

Speaking EnglishSpeaking English

to include – to include – включатьвключать

competition –competition – соревнование соревнование

cooperation – cooperation – сотрудничество сотрудничество

to inhabit – to inhabit – населятьнаселять

immemorial – immemorial – незапамятныенезапамятные

natives – natives – коренные жителикоренные жители

to invent – to invent – изобретать изобретать

rune – rune – рунаруна

contribution – contribution – вклад вклад

basic – basic – основной основной

to remain – to remain – оставаться оставаться

to determine – to determine – определять определять

to invade – to invade – вторгаться вторгаться

bath house - bath house - банябаня

way of life – way of life – образ жизниобраз жизни

immediately – immediately – сразу жесразу же

Christianity – Christianity – христианство христианство

to introduce – to introduce – вводить вводить

to raid – to raid – грабить грабить

influence – influence – влияние влияние

kingdom – kingdom – королевство королевство

to describe – to describe – описывать описывать

The History of the British IslesThe History of the British Isles

The British Isles The British Isles have a long history. It have a long history. It includes war and includes war and peace, drama and peace, drama and tragedy, tragedy, competition competition and cooperationand cooperation with with different nations.different nations.

The CeltsThe Celts

The Celts inhabited The Celts inhabited Britain since the times Britain since the times immemorial. They can immemorial. They can be called the natives be called the natives of the British Isles.of the British Isles.

The CeltsThe Celts

The Celts invented their own written language, The Celts invented their own written language, but instead of letters they used but instead of letters they used runesrunes. Many . Many places of interest, such as Stonehenge, were places of interest, such as Stonehenge, were also built by them.also built by them.

The CeltsThe Celts

The Celtic contribution to the English The Celtic contribution to the English language is not great. Only the basic language is not great. Only the basic words still remain in everyday use, such words still remain in everyday use, such as: as:

- go, eat, drink, be, father, mother, etc.go, eat, drink, be, father, mother, etc.

What sphere do they belong to?What sphere do they belong to?

The RomansThe Romans

In the 44 AD the In the 44 AD the Romans invaded the Romans invaded the British Isles. British Isles.

The RomansThe Romans

They built roads, walls, schools and bath They built roads, walls, schools and bath houses. And of course, collected taxes. Soon houses. And of course, collected taxes. Soon most of the Celts got used to the Roman way of most of the Celts got used to the Roman way of life.life.

The RomansThe Romans

The Romans had brought many new The Romans had brought many new words to the English language. The names words to the English language. The names of food (cherry, pear, wine), buildings of food (cherry, pear, wine), buildings (wall, street), etc.(wall, street), etc.

Why do the Romans build such a great Why do the Romans build such a great number of roads?number of roads?

The Anglo-SaxonsThe Anglo-Saxons

The Romans left The Romans left Britain in the 5Britain in the 5th th

century. And century. And immediately it was immediately it was attacked by the attacked by the German tribes - German tribes - Angles, Saxons, Angles, Saxons, Jutes.Jutes.

The Anglo-SaxonsThe Anglo-Saxons

The natives couldn’t The natives couldn’t defend themselves. The defend themselves. The Germans founded the Germans founded the first kingdoms and lived first kingdoms and lived in peace with the Celts in peace with the Celts for a few centuries.for a few centuries.

The Anglo-SaxonsThe Anglo-Saxons

The Anglo-Saxon words still remain in the The Anglo-Saxon words still remain in the English language. They mostly describe English language. They mostly describe the household and family being. the household and family being.

- Lord, lady, bread, pork, cow, etc. - Lord, lady, bread, pork, cow, etc.

The ChurchThe Church

In the 6In the 6thth century the century the Christianity was introduced Christianity was introduced in Britain. The new words in Britain. The new words came into the language:came into the language:

- angel, altar, devil, the Bible.- angel, altar, devil, the Bible.

Guess the meaning of these Guess the meaning of these words!words!

The VikingsThe Vikings

From the 8From the 8thth century the Vikings began to raid century the Vikings began to raid the British Isles. Finally they even got a piece of the British Isles. Finally they even got a piece of land – the so called land – the so called Danelaw.Danelaw.

The VikingsThe Vikings

The words brought to the English language by The words brought to the English language by the Vikings have something in common: the Vikings have something in common: sounds “s”, “sk”, “g”, for example:sounds “s”, “sk”, “g”, for example:

- egg, sky, ship, skirt, sea, etc.- egg, sky, ship, skirt, sea, etc.

The NormansThe Normans

In the 1066 AD William In the 1066 AD William the Conqueror defeated the Conqueror defeated the English king Harold the English king Harold in the battle of Hastings in the battle of Hastings and became the king and became the king himself.himself.

The NormansThe Normans

The Norman influence on the The Norman influence on the English language was great! English language was great! A lot of words from French A lot of words from French came into it, for example:came into it, for example:

village, army, soldier, religion, village, army, soldier, religion, venison, beef, etc.venison, beef, etc.

Summarizing:Summarizing:

The Celts (the natives)

The Romans (44 AD)

The Germans (5th century)

The Vikings (8th century)

The Normans (1066 AD)

Choose the right answer:Choose the right answer:

1. Who invaded Britain in the 51. Who invaded Britain in the 5thth century? century?

a) Romans b) Normans c) Germansa) Romans b) Normans c) Germans

2. What was the nickname of king William?2. What was the nickname of king William?

a) the Noble b) the Conqueror c) the Deera) the Noble b) the Conqueror c) the Deer

3. The Normans came from ….3. The Normans came from ….

a) France b) Russia c) USA d) Chinaa) France b) Russia c) USA d) China

Choose the right answer:Choose the right answer:

44. . The Christianity was introduced in …The Christianity was introduced in …

a) 6a) 6thth century b) 11 century b) 11thth century c) 44 BC century c) 44 BC

5. The Vikings …5. The Vikings …

a) raided Britain b) defended Britaina) raided Britain b) defended Britain

6. The runes were used by …6. The runes were used by …

a) the Romans b) the Normans c) the Celtsa) the Romans b) the Normans c) the Celts

The endThe end