Surah al Baqarah

Surah al Baqarah

Ayahs 142 – 152

Ayah 142

The foolish among the people will say, "What has turned them away from their

qiblah, which they used to face?" Say, "To Allah belongs the east and the west. He

guides whom He wills to a straight path."

Context

• In Makkah, the Prophet SAW faced the Kaabah and Baitul Maqdas (Masjid al Aqsa) in Jerusalem

• But in Madinah when they faced Jerusalem, then their backs were towards the Kaabah. The Prophet SAW knew that he would be told to face the Kaabah eventually

The Foolish Ones

• Includes: • 1. The munafiqeen • 2. The yahud• 3. The mushrikeen

Roots• Seen – (it has 3 functions)• 1. it specifies the meaning of the word as

future or near future• 2. certainty of the event, that this is definitely

going to happen• 3. its an advance warning • Sayaqoolu – the foolishness is being expressed

through their words; these people are objecting because of their foolishness

Roots

• Qaaf baal laam – what you face is in front of you the reason for their foolishness is lack of intellect not lack of knowledge; Allah SWT is telling the Prophet SAW to ignore the foolish people’s objections

• Saawd Raaw Taaw – an open and easy path to follow

QIBLAH CHANGE

One who Objects on Decree of

Allah

Foolish

One who Objects on Commands of Allah

Lessons

• Allah owns everything, so its not all about just facing one direction or another (we have to face the Kaabah but don’t get caught up in the degrees or angles)

• Allah knows what the people were going to say (Past, Present and Future)

• Ignore foolish people and their comments

Ayah 143

And thus we have made you a just community that you will be witnesses over the people and the Messenger will be a witness over you. And We did not make the qiblah which you used to face except that We might make evident who would follow the Messenger from who would

turn back on his heels. And indeed, it is difficult except for those whom Allah has guided. And

never would Allah have caused you to lose your faith. Indeed Allah is, to the people, Kind and

Merciful.

Context

• Just as the Kaabah is a means of guidance, the Ummah is a means of guiding others

• With the changing of the Qiblah, leadership was being given to the Muslims

• But with Privilege comes Responsibility

م5ة3 7 و:س:طأ

Middle Link

Moderate One

Moderate Nation – How?• 1. An ummah that is mid-most in its time of

existence • 2. When it comes to the laws, the commands of

this ummah are the most moderate (neither exceed the bounds in worldly matters nor abandon the deen)

• 3. Best ummah compared to others; Bani Israel killed prophets while Nasaara worshipped the Prophets

• 4. Sunnah passed on to the Ummah and now we have to pass it on and convey the message

Muslim Ummah will witness that Previous messengers conveyed the message to their

nations.

You witness over the truth

الن اس ع�ل�ى د�اء ه� ش� ل�ت�ك�ون�وا�

هDيد3ا ش: G7م Gك :ي ع:ل س7ول7 الر5 7ون: :ك و:ي

Muhammad (s.a.w)

Against Our Actions

Conveyed the Message

Why the Change in Qiblah?

• Li’naa’lama – 1. so that we can show the people; so that they know; 2. so that we distinguish between sincere and insincere and 3. so that we can establish recompense

• It was a test for the believers to see if they would follow the Prophet SAW

Roots• Taa Baa Aain – follow in tangible and

intangible ways; sayings and actions • Why is the Name of the Prophet SAW NOT

Mentioned?• A) He was the final messenger • B) He is indeed a messenger; his title is only

mentioned• C) Encourages us to follow him

Roots

• Aain Qaaf Baa –when you turn your heels; you completely turn away

• The one who refuses to follow the messenger; this was a test to expose the sincerity of the people

• The Muslim ummah were tested through change in Qiblah; before this, they were told to face Jerusalem in Madinah, which was difficult for some

Roots

• Kaaf Baa Raaw – difficult and troublesome • Haa Daal Yaa – guidance; when you accept

something, it becomes easy

Commands of Allah are not hard for the Ones Guided!

Guidance Check!!•

Roots

• Daawd yaa aain – Allah will not waste your iman by not rewarding you for your previous prayers, even though they were in a different direction

• because that command was also from Allah SWT (Muslims prayed in that direction for 16-17 months and some died during this)

• Imaan’nakum – prayers that the Muslims prayed while facing Jerusalem

Roots

• Raaw hamza faa – kindness/intense mercy; to be kind to someone and to remove some affliction

LESSONS

• The commands that Allah gives are difficult for some; when you are guided and have ilm, then they become easy

• Following the right path becomes easy; the difference is in the imaan

• We have to recognize our role as the Muslim Ummah

Test for the Believers

Leadership Shift made Obvious

Honor for the Believers

Change of Qiblah?

Du’a

O our Lord! Let not our hearts deviate (from the truth) after You have Guided us, and

Grant us mercy from You. Truly, You are the One who bestow.

REFLECTIONS?

ANNOUNCEMENTS

Ayah 144

We have certainly seen the turning of your face, [O Muhammad], toward the heaven, and We

will surely turn you to a qiblah with which you will be pleased. So turn your face toward al-

Masjid al-Haram. And wherever you [believers] are, turn your faces toward it [in prayer]. Indeed, those who have been given the

Scripture well know that it is the truth from their Lord. And Allah is not unaware of what

they do.

Ayah 144 - Roots• Hamza Raaw Yaa – present; when Qad comes

before it, it gives the meaning of repitition• The Prophet SAW would repeatedly look

towards the sky: he longed to face the Kaabah; looked up in the hope for the command

• Each time he looked up, Allah SWT saw him• shows that the Prophet SAW didn’t make up

anything in the deen; always waited for the command

ام ر� ال�ح� د ج ال�م�س� ط�ر� ش� ه�ك� و�ج� و�ل� ف�Command to Follow Qiblah!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OG5_GooANVs

Why is it important to Follow Qiblah?

Points about Facing Qiblah

• In a plane, you can face any direction the plane is in

• For fardh salah, you MUST face qiblah; its part of establishing salah

• For nafl salah, its not mandatory (i.e. on a vehicle)

• During salah, if you’re praying in the wrong direction, and someone corrects you, then you can turn during salah

Qibla Locator [http://www.qiblalocator.com]

Resource

Ayah 145

And if you brought to those who were given the Scripture every sign, they would not follow

your qiblah. Nor will you be a follower of their qiblah. Nor would they be followers of one

another's qiblah. So if you were to follow their desires after what has come to you of

knowledge, indeed, you would then be among the wrongdoers.

Ayah 145 - Roots

• Haa Waaw Yaa – their desires of you following their religion and leaving your own religion

• You will be abandoning knowledge if you compromise the deen just to please people

• Many times, knowledge means going against ones desires or sacrificing them

Abandoning

Allah’s Commands

To Please People

To Get their

ApprovalZulm

Lesson

Ayah 146

Those to whom We gave the Scripture know him as they know their own sons. But indeed, a party of them conceal the

truth while they know [it].

Ayah 146 - Roots

• Aain Raaw Faa – to recognize something by its signs, knowledge and realization; knowing why and how something should be done

• The people of the Book recognized the Prophet SAW really well and were aware of the signs of the last messenger

• Ibn – includes daughters too• Leaders would deliberately hide the truth

Ayah 147

The truth is from your Lord, so never be among the doubters.

Ayah 147 - Roots

• Meem Raaw Yaa – one who has doubt; doubt about a fact; is this really from Allah?

• Vs. Raaib (doubt that makes you restless)• Mumtareen – don’t doubt about the facts of

Allah; when the commands come, don’t be of those who doubt and put other people in to doubt as well

WELCOME BACK!• Class Objectives

– To learn the word for word translation of the Qu’ran with basic root words

– To understand a brief exegesis/tafseer of the Qu’ran

– To reflect on the ayahs of the Qu’ran and extract lessons

– To be able to practically implement lessons into our everyday lives

Reward of Learning & Teaching

– Duas for learning knowledge– Hadith about the reward of learning

knowledge; going in the path of Allah for the sake of knowledge

– Intention: Importance of intention and renewing our intentions for every class

– Every action is based upon intention

CLASS ETIQUETTES

• Class etiquettes – Talking– Asking relevant questions, disclaimer that not all

questions would be answered by teacher, but research can be done to look up the answers

– NO FIQH QUESTIONS/PERSONAL QUESTIONS– Eating/drinking– Laptop use, phone use– Juz 2 Books

RESOURCES

• www.journeytothequran.com• www.alhudacanada.com

Root words

Form the main part of a word, provide the basic

meaning of the word

Joined along with some other letters to form different words which have related meanings

Arabic words have three letter roots and rarely four or five letter roots

Always maintain their order / specific arrangement.

Why know the Roots ?

To know the translation of the word To analyze the word

To use the Arabic dictionary one must know the root of the word

TO Pass the tests

Eat

eating eats eaten eatable

Masdar

Root

branching words

Topic : 2

Huroof Illat (Missing/Chilling

Letters)

Huroof Illat

• Alif• Waaw• Yaa

Huroof Illat

You can call them sick letters - weak letters They get tired easily So when they appear in Roots , they may

Be Present Or Absent Or send another weak letter in their

place

ل وق speech

لاق: He said

:ق7 ل7وي He saysق7ل Say !

Changed

dropped

Present

Can there be more than one defective letters in one

Root?

Yes there can be

Example : Surah Al Baqarah : 2

ن�  ق�ي �� ن م� ل ل�

يق و

Meat of the matter is

• Normal Root words You just need to recognize them

• Root words with defective letters You have to learn them

The Double Lettered Root Word….

The Double Lettered Root word….

• In Some Root words the Second and Third Radical are identical

• In Such cases the second radical will have shaddah

• Example : The word Jب ر� is from root رب ب

In other words…

• Shaddah means “The Letter is twice”

Other Examples….

• ين��ضال• م� دRه� ي�م�• Tم ص�•   ب�ه ر�

Ayah 148

For each [religious following] is a direction toward which it faces. So race to [all that is] good. Wherever you may

be, Allah will bring you forth [for judgement] all together. Indeed, Allah

is over all things competent.

Ayah 148 - Roots

• Waaw Jeem Haa – a direction one faces (tangible) and a goal/purpose (intangible)

• Seen Baa Qaaf – to try to get ahead of other people; to run towards a particular goal/competing

• Khaaw Yaa Raaw – race towards something that is good; beneficial for yourself, for others and also pleases Allah SWT

ا ل�يه� و� م� و� ه� Yة ه� وج� لك�ل] و�Everyone has some goal

What are our goals?

Someone Special

What are my goals?

What is my center of life?

What is my top most priority?

What is that thing to which I keep on returning to?

Analyze!

Ayah 149

So from wherever you go out [for prayer, O Muhammad] turn your face toward al-

Masjid al-Haram, and indeed, it is the truth from your Lord. And Allah is not

unaware of what you do.

Ayah 150

And from wherever you go out [for prayer], turn your face toward al-Masjid al-Haram.

And wherever you [believers] may be, turn your faces toward it in order that the people

will not have any argument against you, except for those of them who commit wrong; so fear them not but fear Me. And [it is] so I may complete My favor upon you and that

you may be guided.

Wisdom behind the emphasis

People won’t have hujjah

Completion of the Deen For Guidance

Why 3 Repetitions?

• 1. to contradict the previous Qiblah• 2. the command is for all places and all times• 3. there should not be any deviation from the

Qiblah

Ayah 150 - Roots

• The people who do Dhulm will continue to argue against you but do not fear them…

• Khaaw Sheen Yaa – fear out of knowledge; realization of someone’s greatness

• Taa Meem Meem - The Kaabah was chosen so that the deen may be completed for us, as a favour

• Therefore, fear Allah and not the people

Ayah 151

Just as We have sent among you a messenger from yourselves reciting to you Our verses and purifying you and

teaching you the Book and wisdom and teaching you that which you did not

know.

Ayah 151 - Context

• Just as we sent amongst you a messenger, the Kaabah was also a blessing

• 1. Tilawah is mentioned first; having correction recitation & pronunciation

• 2. Tazkiyah: a) removing shirk from their lives b) practically showing the knowledge

• 3. Hikmah – how to act upon a command; sunnah

• 4. Teaches us whatever else we didn’t know

REFLECTION

• No one was born with the knowledge of the deen, so we

have to learn it

Ayah 152

So remember Me; I will remember you. And be grateful to Me and do not deny

Me.

Remember Allah by

Obeying AllahHe will

Remember you by Forgiving You

Ayah 152 - Roots

• Dhaal Kaaf Raaw – remember Allah for all the blessings; remember by obeying Allah and He will remember you by forgiving you

• Sheen Kaaf Raaw – be thankful for the Qiblah; in contrast to kufr by disobeying in this matter or hiding favours of Allah SWT

REFLECTIONS

Surah al Baqarah

Ayahs 153 – 162

Ayah 153

O you who have believed, seek help through patience and

prayer. Indeed, Allah is with the patient.

Roots

• Aain Waaw Noon – General help• Saawd Baa Raaw – to control oneself; 3 types:• 1. At the time of difficulty, holding yourself

back from negativity (i.e. why me; I wish I could die)

• 2. to hold oneself firm on the obedience of Allah SWT

• 3. when a person holds oneself back from doing what Allah dislikes

SABR

At the Time of Calamity

Hold Oneself on the Obedience of

Allah

Hold Oneself back from

Disobedience of Allah

ابرين� الص ع� م� الل ه� إن

ن�ية ق� ن�Generic Specific

Allah is with people with His knowledge

Allah is with believers with His Help & Support

Du’a of Rasool Allah (s.a.w)

O Allah! Make me one who is most patient and grateful; and make me small in my own eyes but great in the eyes of

others.

When the world pushes you to your knees, your

are in the perfect position to pray.

Unknown

The shortest distance between a problem and its solution is the distance between your knees

and the floor. The one who kneels to Allah can stand up to

anything.

Unknown

Psychology Connection

• DELAYED GRATIFICATION – ability to resist the temptation for an earlier reward and wait for a reward later on (Self-Control)

• In our brain, we have the reward circuitry and when we control ourselves from acting on our emotions, this benefits our behaviour in life

LESSONS

• SABR does NOT mean being passive• Be active, get help, keep doing what you’re

doing and ALSO ask for Allah’s help without complaining or haste

• Patience is a sign of a person’s imaan• Don’t object to the decree of Allah