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8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
1/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Bi thuyt trnh
Sn xut xc tc trn cht mang
Thc hin :
Nguyn Minh Kha MSSV: 60501215Phng Quc Tm MSSV: 60502475
Lp HC05KSTN
Hng dn: C Trn Mai Phng
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
2/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Sn xutxc tc trncht mang
Phngphp chung
Mt s chtmang quan
trng
SilicagelOxit
nhmZeolite
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
3/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Cho cau t hoat ong gan vao chat mang.
Chat mang la vat lieu tr, co nhieu lo xop va t hoat ong hoa
hoc.
Tuy thuoc vao loai thiet b phan ng, chat xuc tac tren chat mang
co the co nhng hnh dang nh: cau, tru, vay
I AC TRNG CHUNG CUA PHNG PHAP
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
4/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
ac trng chung cua phng phap
Thng ngi ta tam cau t xuc tac len chat mang bang dung dch
cha cau t o.
Xuc tac kim loai thng thu dang hydroxyt tren chat mang, sau o
chuyen sang dang oxyt va kh en kim loai.
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
5/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
CAC BC THC HIEN VIEC TAM HAT CHAT
MANG
Hut chan khong kh t lo xop cua chat mang.
X ly chat mang bang dung dch.
Tach dung dch tha.
Say va nung.
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
6/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Hut chan khong chat mang
Tang s ong nhat cua hat trong qua trnh tam
Tang nhanh qua trnh tam
V:
Thng trc khi tam trong cac mao quan b bao hoa mot lng kh de
tan vao dung dch tam
Km ham s tham qua cua dung dch tam
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
7/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Hut chan khong chat mang
Ky thuat chan khong co nhieu phc tap nen thng giai oan nay
c bo qua.
Mat khac, ap suat mao quan khi tam co the at en hang tram
atm, no de dang thay the khong kh trong mao quan.
Qua trnh thay the nay cang nhanh neu co gia nhiet.
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
8/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Tam lien tuc cho san pham ong nhat hn ve thanh phan hoat tnh xuc
tac.
Sau moi lan tam can chuyen qua giai oan gia cong nhiet.
So lan tam phu thuoc nhieu vao cau truc lo xop cua chat mang echuyen van en tan ben trong mao quan.
ac biet mao quan nho, tam nhieu co the lam bt hoan toan cac mao
quan, lam mat tac dung xuc tac.
Theo chu k
Lin tc
Tm xctc
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
9/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Tam xuc tac
a so cac trng hp, thi gian tam co the xac nh theo pt Enstein:
r: quang ng i trung bnh cua cau t khuech tan (xem la ban ban knh
hat).
De: he so khuech tan.
= r2/(2De)
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
10/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
II/ MOT SO CHAT MANG QUAN TRONG
Silicagel
Oxit nhom
Zeolite
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
11/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
La chat trong suot hay hat m, co nhieu lo xop.
S
i
li
c
a
g
el
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
12/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Cau truc xop phu thuoc vao loai silicagel, co the dao ong khoang
20-60%.
Be mat rieng 200-800 m2/g.
ng knh lo xop khoang 3-10 nm.
ong vai tro nh la chat mang cua chat xuc tac hoat ong.
S
i
li
c
a
g
el
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
13/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Trong cong nghiep, cho hydroxit silicagel p vi H2SO4.
Quy trnh
Hydroxyt vo nh hnh cua silic (SiO2.n H2O)
S bien oi cua gel theo c che a ngng tu, tao cac phan t vi
kch thc keo dang cau.
nSi(OH)4SinO2n-m + (2n-m)H2O
keo gel ra sy
San xuat
S
i
li
c
a
g
el
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
14/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Ngoai ra, san xuat silicagel trong cong nghiep theo p:
Na2O.3SiO2+ H2SO43SiO2+ H2O + Na2SO4
Keo tao ra c ong ran, ra lam kho va nung.
Loai gel nh vay co cau truc xop ong nhat.
San xuat
S
i
li
c
a
g
el
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
15/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
He thong san xuat
S
i
li
c
a
g
el
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
16/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
17/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
O
xi
t
n
h
m
Ran chac
o xop kem (5-
25%)
Be mat rieng
nho (1m2/g).
Kem ben hn
Cau truc xop
(50-70%)
Be mat rieng
ln (120-150m2/g)
-Al2O3 - Al2O3
- Al2O3khong nhng la chat mang ma con la chat xuc tac cuanhieu phan ng.
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
18/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
ac iem cua - Al2O3
Thanh phan (% khoi lng) : Na2O t 0,1-0,6%; SiO20,1-1,0%; Fe2O3
0,1-1,0%
ng knh cua hat khoang 3-4 nm.
Khoi lng rieng chat ong 0,6-0,9 g/m3.
o xop tong 0,4-0,7 cm3/g.
ng knh mao quan 3-4 nm.
O
xi
t
n
h
m
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
19/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Ky thuat san xuat - Al2O3
Hau het eu da tren c s thu Al(OH)3bang cach tai ket tua at
set dang hydrat.
Ban chat qua trnh the hien theo phan ng sau:
2 Al(OH)3+ 3 H2SO4Al2(SO4)3+ 6 H2O
Al2(SO4)3+ 6 NaOH 2Al(OH)3+ 3Na2SO4
Sau o, ngi ta nung Al(OH)3thu c - Al2O3
O
xi
t
n
h
m
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
20/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Chuyen hoa - Al2O3 -Al2O3
Thc hien nhiet o cao hn 11000C:
- Al2O3Al2O3 -Al2O3
Ta phai chuyen nh vay v trong mot so trng hp phai s dung xuc tac
trang thai tang soi, ao tron manh b mai mon nhanh va co theloi cuon ra khoi vung phan ng.
Can loai chat mang ac biet ran chac.
O
xi
t
n
h
m
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
21/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
SAN XUAT KHOI TIEP XUC
1/ Xuc tac GIAP-3
Thanh phan(%khoi lng): -Al2O3(93%), - Al2O3(1,8%), NiO
(5,1%)
The tch xop: ~35%
Be mat rieng: ~5 m2/g
Mat o chat ong: ~1,0 g/cm3
O
xi
t
n
h
m
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
22/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
23/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
2/ Khoi tiep xuc tang soi (FB)
Dung e oxy hoa SO2trong lp tang soi.
Chat xuc tac phai ac biet ran chac, v khi ao tron manh,
no thng b mai mon nhanh va loi cuon ra khoi vung phan
ng
V du: S ton that Vanadi khi lam viec che o tang soi trong 1thang >8-10% so vi trong lng ban au.
o ben c tang len ang ke khi s dung chat mang
aluminosilicat.
O
xi
t
n
h
m
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
24/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Khoi tiep xuc tang soi (FB)
La dang hat hnh cau mau vang sam.
Thanh phan (% khoi lng): V2O5>= 7 ; K2O >=7 ; Al2O3~ 4-6 ; SiO2~
82-80
The tch xop ~ 50%Be mat rieng ~ 20 m2/g
o mai mon trong 1 thang
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
25/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Qua trnh thu chat xuc tac FB
1- Chuan b dung dch aluminosufat.
2- Thu chat mang hnh cau.
3- Lam kho, nung chat mang hnh cau.
4- Tam chat mang.5- Lam kho va xuc tac.
O
xi
t
n
h
m
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
26/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
27/50
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
28/50
Cng thc chung c dng sau:M2/nO.Al2O3.xSiO2.yH2O
trong n: ha tr ca ion kim loi Mx: t s mol SiO2/Al2O3y:s mol nc
x : xc nh tnh cht v cu trc ca zeolite
Zeolite l cc Aluminosilicate c cu trc tinh th h theokhng gian 3 chiu
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
1. Cu trc zeolit :
Z
e
o
l
i
t
e
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
29/50
Gi tr nht trong s xc tc zeolite l cc zeoliteA,X,Y v mt s khc .
Zeolite A c x 2;X c x = 2,2-3
Y c x = 3,1-5,0
Zeolite tng hp thu c thng l zeolite -Na
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
B khung ca zeolite cu trc vi hng trm khoangtng i ln, thng vi nhau qua ca s kchthc nh V d:Trong 1 gam zeolite c n
3x1020
khoang.Z
e
o
l
i
t
e
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
30/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
31/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Zeolite A Zeolite X,Y
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
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2.c im
-Zeolit bn nhit
-bn trong quan h tip xc vi cht c, nh cc ionsulfua , cc hp cht cha nito
-khng gy n mn thit b
-b mt pht trin (800 m2/g)
-kh nng trao i ion cao, bn c
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Z
eo
l
i
t
e
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
33/50
Trong mi loi zeolite c thnh phn, cu trc, bn
cht cation, kiu phn b cation kh ng nht
C cu trc xp ( th tch xp chim khong 50%V)
B mt tip xc pha ln
D dng to cc trung tm acid base khc nhau
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Z
eo
l
i
t
e
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
34/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Cc l xp
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
35/50
Hp ph c tnh chn lc rt cao
D dng trao i ion
Xc tc c hot tnh v chn lc cao
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Z
eo
l
i
t
e
3. ng dng ca zeolite
Ngoi ra zeolite cn l cht mang to ra nhiu loi xc tc khc : xc tcbase, oxi ha kh
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
36/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Mt phn t phn ng trn zeolite phi thc hincc bc sau: Khuch tn n b mt ca zeolit
i vo mao qun qua cc ca s v khuchtn n trung tm hot ng Hp ph vo bn trong mao qun trn trungtm hot ng v hnh thnh hp cht trung gian
ca phn ng Thc hin phn ng to sn phm Kh hp ph v khuch tn sn phm rangoi mao qun
O i
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
37/50
4.Tng hp zeolite
-Cc zeolite tng hp c th thu c bng phng
php tng hp thy nhit dng cc tinh th vi kch
thc c micromet
-Vic tng hp cc zeolite dng Na+to ra kt ta
alumosilicat ca baz v cui cng to kt ta.
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Z
eo
l
i
t
e
O it
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
38/50
Sn xut zeolite dng vin
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Z
eo
l
i
t
e
Dd lmvic
Kt tahydro
aluminosilicat
Kt tinhhydrogeltrong mt
kim
ra
nh hnh
x l nhit
O it
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
39/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Z
eo
l
i
t
e
Nguyn liu
silicat
Al(OH)3 NaOH
O it
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
40/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
t nng dd lmvic
NaOH si
Al(OH)3
H2O
autoclave
silicat
H2O
Hi qu nhit
O it
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
41/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
S O it
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
42/50
Nhc im :
-Vic thm cht kt dnh lm xu i c trng
ng hc ca zeolite
-V vy ngi ta mi tm kim k thut to vin
zeolite khng c cht kt dnh.
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Z
eo
l
i
t
e
S t t Oxit
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
43/50
Sn xut zeolite dng vin khng cha cht kt dnh
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Z
eo
l
i
t
e
S t t Oxit
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
44/50
4.a xc tc vo cht mang zeoliteCc phng php s dng :
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Z
eo
l
i
t
e
trao i ion
tm
hp ph t pha kh hay a vo tkhu tng hp zeolite
hp ph hi kim loi
S t t Oxit
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
45/50
Phng php x l zeolite:
3 phng php
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Z
eo
l
i
t
eTrao iion Tmzeolite Tnghp
S t t Oxit
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
46/50
Trao i ion
Mc ch:
-thay th cc ion Na+ bi cc ion nguyn tkhc hay H+
-Bng phng php ny c th a vocu trc zeolite cc kim loi nh Ni, Pt
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Z
eo
l
i
t
e
S t t Oxit
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
47/50
Nhn xt:
-S phn b tt nht kim loi c th t c
trong trng hp : trc giai on kh phi khht nc trong zeolite.
-Trong qu trnh kh cc mu ngi ta nhnthy c s di chuyn kim loi t th tch ca
tinh th zeolite n b mt bn trong ca chngv to ra cc kim loi dng khi. Dc theokhoang s di chuyn ca kim loi trong zeolitec sp xp theo dy sau: Ag>Pb>Cu>Ni > Pt
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Z
eo
l
i
t
e
Sn xut xc tc Oxit
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
48/50
Tm zeolite
c thc hin bng mt s dung dch hu c hay
v c cha hp cht cc kim loi m c th tch
thnh kim loi khi x l nhit nhit thp hn
nhit bn ca tinh th do vy thng s dng
cacbonat v hydrocacbonat ca Fe, Co, Ni, Cr....
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Z
eo
l
i
t
e
Sn xut xc tc Oxit
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
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Tng hp
Mc ch:a cu t hot ng vo xc tc t lctng hp zeolite
Phm vi s dng:
Khi c kh nng a cc cu t xc tchot ng vo mng tinh th.
u im:- C th thu cht xc tc sau phn ng- Xc tc c chn lc cao
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Z
eo
l
i
t
e
Sn xut xc tc Oxit
8/13/2019 Tong Hop Xuc Tac Tren Chat Mang
50/50
Sn xut xc tctrn cht mang
ZeoliteSilicagelOxit
nhm
Ngun ti liu :
Bi ging k thut xc tc - Mai Hu Khimwww.Wikipedia.comwww.china-silicagel.net
www.sciences.com
http://www.china-silicagel.net/http://www.china-silicagel.net/http://www.china-silicagel.net/http://www.china-silicagel.net/Recommended