TEMPORARY HOUSING SUPPLY IN OFUNATO

ANDREW BENHAM, AUDE CHOPPINET, ALICE LIBURDI, YUYA FUKADA

KOBE TEMPORARY HOUSING 1996

COMMUNITY SPACE FOR RESIDENTS

大船渡市

CITY

•POPULATION: 41,757

•DESNSITY:129 persons per km²

•AREA: 323.28 km²

•MAJOR ACTIVITIES: ”Outside its bay, the warm and cold ocean currents meet, which allow a fishing industry to flourish”

TSUNAMI/EQ DISASTER HISTORY

•1896 MEIJI-SANRIKU: 25 metre tsunami_27,000 people

•1933 SANRIKU: 28 metre tsunami_1522 people

•HIT by VALDIVIA EARTHQUAKE (CHILE) on 22 May 1960

11 March 2011 TOHOKU: 23.6 meters_Of 14,722 houses, 15% were destroyed by the tsunami and 430 lives were confirmed lost.

1

2

3

PROJECT TIMELINE

FIRST PHASE

SECOND PHASE EQ

11 March 2011 May 2011

PR

OJ

EC

T S

TA

RT

August 2011

DE

NS

ER

SIT

E C

ON

ST

RU

CT

ION

CO

MP

LE

TE

HA

ND

OV

ER

TO

TH

E F

AM

ILIE

S

October 2011

AL

L S

ITE

CO

NS

TR

UC

TIO

N C

OM

PL

ET

E

HA

ND

OV

ER

TO

TH

E F

AM

ILIE

S

March 2013

PA

RT

OF

TH

E H

OU

SE

S W

ILL

MO

VE

D T

O T

HE

WA

TE

R-

FR

ON

T,P

AR

T C

AN

BE

SE

ND

TO

OT

HE

R D

ISA

ST

ER

SIT

UA

TIO

NS

STA

RT

UP

GR

AD

ING

OF

TE

MP

OR

AR

Y C

ON

ST

RU

CT

ION

TO

PE

RM

AN

EN

T

March 2014 C

OM

PL

ET

E U

PG

RA

DIN

G

END 2030

INS

UR

ED

DU

RA

TIO

N

MO

NIT

OR

ING

AN

D P

OS

SIB

LE

RE

NO

VA

TIO

N O

F T

HE

ST

RU

CT

UR

E

FIRST PHASE

Multi-stakeholders

•International

organizations

•Governament

•Municipality

•NGOs

•Community

Multi-scalar approach

SECOND PHASE

Self-sustained

process

Mono-scalar approach

TEMPLE TEMPLE

SCHOOL SCHOOL

AFTER 11 March

f o r e st f h i s h

SITE ELECTION

ELECTION CRITERIAS:

•Area surface

•Site altitude

•Proximity to the city_income activities_services

•Proximity to the sea and the mountain and school.

28.800m2

NUMBERS population and temporary housing site

Tot population

Tot households

Average of people/hh

Total ppl in need of shelter

Total of shelters

40.738 ppl 14.722 hh 2.76 ppl (1>6)

15% = 6110 ppl 2000 shelters

Usable area site

Average size shelter

Needed area= +/- 90.000m2

Possible amount of shelters in area

28.800 m2 30 m2 x 2000 = 60.000 m2

60.000m2 shelter + 40% circulation & comm area

500 shelters

Situation Blocks first phase High density, primary housing

Situation Blocks second phase Lower density, permanent and mixed uses

Amount of hh

Average Hh/block

Amount blocks

Semi public semi open

Big comm. areas

500 hh 10 hh 50 blocks 27 spaces 6 areas

Cost of shelters/euro

Extra cost (fac, comm enz)

Total investment cost, stage 1

Possible return Stage 2

12,5 M X 40% =5 M 17,5 M 30 %

MASTERPLAN HOUSING SITE - STAGES

IMAGE: SKETCH OF A BLOCK WITH OPEN SPACE

FLOORPLAN – typical temporary house • Type A: 1-2 people – 20 m2 • Type B: 3 people – 25 m2 • Type C: 4 people – 30 m2 • Type D: 5-6 people – 35 m2

MAINTENANCE PLAN

GOVERNMENT RESIDENTS

URGENT REPAIRS CYCLICAL INSPECTIONS SERVICES

AND INFASTRUCTURE

ROUTINE REPAIRS PREVENTATIVE WORK

MINOR REPAIRS CYCLICAL INSPECTIONS

TRAINING FOR RESIDENTS AS REQUIRED

PUBLIC SPACES AND FACILITIES MAINTENANCE

TEMPORARY HOUSING MAINTENANCE

ROUTINE REPAIRS ROUTINE MAINTENANCE

URGENT REPAIRS CYCLICAL INSPECTIONS

• 2-5 YEAR PLAN • RESIDENTS AND GOVERNMENT PARTNERSHIP • PUBLIC SPACES AND FACILITIES PLAN • TEMPORARY HOUSING PLAN

TRAINING FOR RESIDENTS AS REQUIRED

REGISTRATION

• MAINTAIN NEIGHBOURHOOD GROUPS • PROVIDE FOR SPECIFIC NEEDS • ESTABLISH ECONOMIC LIVELIHOOD OF FAMILIES AND

SINGLES

RESIDENTS SELECTION

ELDERLY SPECIAL NEEDS

FAMILIES

SINGLE

ACCESSIBLE HOUSING & FACILITIES CLOSE TO COMMUNITY CENTRE

CLOSE TO TRANSPORT

INCOME TO SUPPORT FAMILY CLOSE TO NEIGHBOURHOOD GROUP

FOR SUPPORT ACCESS TO SCHOOLS

INCOME FOR FINANCIAL INDEPENDANCE

MAINTAIN NEIGHBOURHOOD

GROUPS

Residential 4 people

Residential 2 people

activity

SITE COMPLEX: SECOND PHASE-PERMANENT mixed use

Farming

Existing fabric

1/3 of the entire complex will became permanent

PLANNING AFTER END OF CONTRACT

Residential module_

FIST PHASE

Economical activities

Module_

SECOND PHASE

PUBLIC_ before EQ it was a parking

PUBLIC/PRIVATE_ Parking for the industry workers?

PRIVATE_ activities

1/3

1/3 Module send to disaster

sitations

Residential module_

Will become permanent 1/3

shops

Entrance

C o n n e c t i o n

between two

existing roads