Электронные компоненты №2/2009

8

9, 16, 67, 75

9, 10, 52, 67, 75, 80

10, 28

12

17

21 , , , , 14- 1273

26 ?

31

33

38 Wi-Fi - Single Stream 802.11n

44 FDMA LTE

; ; :

; ; ; ; ; : ; ; ; ; ; : ; ; ; : ; ; , : ; ; : : ,115114, . , . 1, / 35; - .., . 18, . ; .: (495) 741-7701; : (495) 741-7702; ./: (812) 336-53-85; . : [email protected], www.elcp.ru: (): 443080, . , . , 70, 1; ./: (846) 267-3139, 267-3140; -mail: [email protected], www.eworld.ru. : 620107, . , . , . 2, ./: (343) 370-33-84, 370-21-69, 370-19-99; -mail: [email protected], www.radioel.ru. (): . , . , 38, 16, ./: (3412) 78-27-52, -mail: [email protected], www.elcompany.ru. (): . , /- , 61; ./: (3832) 51-56-99, 59-93-31; -mail: [email protected], www.elcotel.ru. (): 220015, . , . , 29 ; ./: +375 (17) 251-6735; -mail: [email protected], electronica.nsys.by. IMRAD (): 03113, . , . , . 9, . 211; ./: +380 (44) 495-2113, 495-2110, 495-2109; -mail: [email protected], www.imrad.kiev.ua

. Ulrichs Periodicals Directory. - . . .

47298, . 39459. . . 77-17143.

: . 4000 . .

2/2009

www. elcp.ru

4

www. elcp.ru

50 CC2590-91 Texas Instruments

53 - -

56 -. 4

64 -

65 - OMRON BxTS

68 NAND NOR - ?

71

77

5

2 2009

content # 2 / 2 0 0 9

E LEC TRO N IC COM PO N E NTS 20 09 #2

MARKET8 Market Trends and Other Things

9, 16, 67, 75 MARKET EVENTS

9, 10, 52, 67, 75, 80 MObILE NEwS

10, 28 TEChNOLOgy NEwS

ADC and DAC

12 Maithil PachchigarInterface High-Performance Op Amps with ADCs

17 Paul McCormackTaking the Mystery out of Gigahertz, Gigasample & Gigabit Systems Design

21 Valery Sklyar, Vladimir Gorohov, Yury Borisov, Denis Gorbunov and Sergey BityutskihHigh-Performance 14-bit ADC with Current Output of 1273 Series

26 Dafydd RocheWhy Use a Better DAC?

MObILE DEVICES

31 Yekaterina SamkovaIntelligent Things

33 Vladimir GolyshevSome Features of Selection and Operation of Accumulators

38 Narasimhan VenkateshVoice-over-Wi-Fi Implementation with Single Stream 802.11n

wIRELESS

44 Jan WhitacreDe-mystifying Single Carrier FDMA the new LTE Uplink

50 Vladimir NesterovApplying RF Range Extenders CC2590-91 from Texas Instruments

MULTIMEDIA and TELECOM

53 Tim SimerlyAudio/Video Transcoding for Consumer Electronics

POwER SUPPLIES

56 Valery KlimovCharacteristics of Modern UPS with Double Conversion. Part 4

POwER IC

64 David MorrisonChips Attack Barriers to Digital Control

SENSORS

65 Andrey MamrukovTouch Sensor IC from OMRON BxTS

STANDARD DIgITAL IC and MEMORy

68 Vijay K. DevadigaEmploy the Proper Flash Memory in Your Design

TEST and MEASUREMENT

71 Tom HillMeasuring Modern Frequency Chirp Radars

77 NEw COMPONENTS IN ThE RUSSIAN MARKET

6

www. elcp.ru

27 Analog Devices (AD)

7 EEMB

4- . International Rectifier IR/

13 Maxim Integreted Products

2 Microchip Technology Corp.

63 Renesas Technology Russia

25 Tektronix International, Inc.

19 Texas Instruments

39

54 ,

69 -

23 ,

10

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37 ,

39 ,

2- . ,

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4 ,

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8

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, (. 1, 2009), . - , .

, , , - ? - ?

, , , - -, , , - . , , . 40 . ( - ), - 3545% 2008 .

, . , - , , Texas Instruments, Analog Devices, Freescale Semiconductors, On Semiconductor .. , , - , 23 .

- - , -, .

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9

2 2009

, - . , - . - , - -, . : - , . , , , - , 5 , . - -. , .

. , , - ?

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,

, , , , . - - . -: -, . - . , .. - , -, . , , -. , , - . : - . , , .

| - DWDM | (CMST) , DWDM. - . 2009 .

- : (MGTS) -. , . .

- 10 40 400 /. -, - .

- 2008 . -, 10 . . 2008 . - CRS-1 Cisco. (SITR) , - - . - DWDM ECI.

- - , , . .

www.russianelectronics.ru

| Lenovo i60 i60s | Lenovo - i60 i60s. : , - . i60 SIM- . , Lenovo i60 i60s, , Windows Mobile, , Android.

, . , . Lenovo i60 3- WQVGA. 1055515 , 110,5 . Lenovo i60s 2,8- WQVGA. 1055117,8 , 130 . , GSM 900/1800 , - 2- microSD. Lenovo i60 i60s , .


10

www. elcp.ru

| TekTronix - | Tektronix, Inc., - , - , - . - MSO/DPO4000 DPO3000. DPOxAUDIO DPOxPWR (DPO3AUDIO, DPO4AUDIO, DPO3PWR DPO4PWR) - . - , . , -

. DPOxPWR ,

Tektronix . DPOxAUDIO , , , (Bob Bluhm), - Tektronix.

DPOxPWR , .. , , , , , , (di/dt, dv/dt), , -. .

DPOxAUDIO, Tektronix, , , . , . I2S, LJ, RJ TDM.

www.tektronix.com

| saMsung sMx-F30 | - , SD/SDHC/MMS, SMX-F33 SMX-F34, 8 16 -.

- 2,7 , 0,8-- CCD-, Schneider-Kreuz-nach, -, ( , ) - .

Web & Mobile , - YouTube. , - ; , 640480 . , Samsung SMX-F30/SMX-F33/SMX-F34 - H.264. - 800600 .

SMX-F30 : , , -. SMX-F33 SMX-34 .


12

www. elcp.ru

- . - . [1].

(Maithil Pachchigar), , National Semiconductor

- , . , () ( ) - . , .

- , - - . - : - .

- . - . -, . - , .

- : / ; / ; - / . , .

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. 1). , , RC- DSP.

- . - . RLCL- -, - , - . - CL 10 - . , , - RL , .

- - - . . , .. - - (THD). . , THD, / (SNR) -

, (SFDR).

- , -. - THD, SNR, SFDR , , - , - . , THD SNR , , , .

LMH6611 LMH6618 - ADC121S101 LMH6612 LMH6619 - ADC121S625 ADC121S705. - , - , , , - -.

THD SFDR, -. SNR - THD SFDR, -.

. 1.

14

www. elcp.ru

1. LMH6611/LMH6618 c ADC121S101

/ ,

SINAD,

SNR,

THD,

SFDR,

ENOB (. )

4 70,2 71,6 75,7 77,6 11,4 LMH6611 ADC121S101, f = 200 4 68,2 69,4 74,5 75,8 11,1 LMH6618 ADC121S101, f = 200

. 2. /

- , . , -, (- ) , . - . SNR

SNR = 6,02N + 1,72, , (1)

N ., -

12- SNR = 74 . 72 . SNR, - . - LMH6611/LMH6612/LMH6618/LMH6619 , 10 / .

( ). LMH6618/LMH6619 LMH6611/LMH6612 0,01-% 120 100 . THD THD . LMH6618/LMH6619

SFDR = 100 - Vp-p = 2 100 . LMH6611/LMH6612 SFDR = 90 Vp-p = 2 - 1 .

/ - (SINAD) , SNR THD. SINAD - - , . -

. (2)

, SINAD , .

/ -

/ - , . .

10 / - 130 LMH6618 - 12- ADC121S101, - - - 5001000 KSPS.

2 - LMH6618 - 1 () ADC121S101. - -, .. - . 1 - , LMH6611 LMH6618 ADC121S101.

- 500 -

. (3)

-

= R2/R1. (4)

/

/- LMH6619 - (. . 3). - , - (IN) U2 (IN+) ADC121S625.

U2 ADC121S625. U2 2, , THD. U1 U2 - 2,5 . - - 2,5 - 0VREF U1, - 2,5 .

RC-- U1 U2 ADC121S625 - -

2. LMH6612/LMH6619 c ADC121S625

/ ,

SINAD,

SNR,

THD,

SFDR,

ENOB (. )

2,5 68,8 69 81,5 75,1 11,2 LMH6612 ADC121S625, f = 20 2,5 67,4 67,7 78,7 74,7 10,9 LMH6619 ADC121S625, f = 20

15

2 2009

. RC- 22 . 2 - - LMH6612 ADC121S625 LMH6619 ADC121S625.

/ LMH6619

- /- - , - (. . 4). - /- / . - . /- 1 (-).

3 LMH6612 ADC121S625/ADC121S705 LMH6619 . LMH6612 LMH6619, ( ). - - - 2,5 .

-

. , - -. , 22 , - 50 . , - , .

, - :

- ;

- (

16

www. elcp.ru

. 5. - /

, ;

.

- / 5.

RLCL-

. , - THD, . - , - - .

1. Interface High-Performance Op Amps With

ADCs. Maithil Pachchigar//electronicdesign.com.

| | - , .

( -, ) (). , () . , , - . , .

(). - , . , , , .


17

2 2009

- . . - . , , . - [1].

(Paul McCorMaCk), , National Semiconductor

ADC08xxxx - National Semiconductor - 1 , . - - , ? - . , - , - . - (BW) - (FS): BW = FS/2.

3 ./ 1,5 . 3 . -. - .

- , , - , , - . - .

3 . 3 - .

, - - . , - LIDAR 1, - . - , .

- , . 1 - .

, 6 ./ - -. , , -, - , - .

1 LIDAR , .

. 1. 247,77- 3 ./ ( -) 6 ./ ( )

18

www. elcp.ru

. 2. 90 4

- : , - - - . National Semiconductor , .

-

-, . ADC083000 - , .. 1,5 3 ./. -, , - ADC083000, ( 90) . - 166,67 1,5 . - 2.

- , - 2 , 1. , FR04, 20 /, 1 50 . , - - . , 2 3 , 1, 150 .

- 16,67 .

ADC083000 - , - - , . - SPI. 4 , ( ) 70 .

9 , 512- - 110 . , 0,2 . - , - - .

. - , , 90 .

, WaveVision 4 National Semiconductor, . - 1. 1 , -

FS/2 FIN :

P(FS/2 FIN) = 20log(2finToffsetRMS),

,

Toffset = 2ToffsetRMS. (1)

- P(FS/2 FIN) = 59,959 FIN = 247,77 - 1 1,82 , 0,273% 1,5 - .

-

, , , - - , - FS/2 FIN FS/4 FIN. 8- 256- . 1 p-p, - 1 /256 = 3,9 . -, - , 0,2%.

ADC083000 9- -. 20% - 700 p-p. 9- (000000000) - 560 p-p, - (111111111) 840 p-p.

:

840 560 = 280 ,

280 /512 = 0,546 .

- - 0,2%, . - , - FS/2.

20

www. elcp.ru

, - .

, . ADC083000 - 0 45 9- . , 0,176 , , - .

. .

. , - . National Semiconductor - . - 2 4 , FPGA.

(DCLK) , FPGA . , , - - DCLK . ADC083000 - DCLK DCLK_RST, -. - , .

, , - , , - .

1. Taking the mystery out of gigahertz, gigasample & gigabit systems

design, Paul McCormack//www.embedded.com

21

2 2009

14- 1273 , . . TxDAC , , , - , - (DDS). - Analog Devices.

14- 1273 , . . ., , . . , , . -, , - 1- ., , - 1- .,

- , - , - . 816 , -, , - - . , - . [1] , - - - (segmented

current source architecture), - - . , - , , -, , - (INL) (DNL) , SFDR , (-), IMD - , SNR / .

- 14-- - 12734 2006 .

125 ./ (MSPS). AD9764 Analog Devices. - 12735, 12736 12737. - , -. 1.

12734 12734 -

- , . -

. 1. 12734

22

www. elcp.ru

- . 12734 1.

, () 1,2 . - 5 (10%) 3 (10%), - . - :

; ; ; -, -

- 3- 5- -.

(IOUTFS) 2...20 . - . - 50 . - .

- . - , - : , -. (32 ) IREF; (15 ) IREF/16, (5 ) , , IREF/32, IREF/64, IREF/128, IREF/256 IREF/512. - - .

- -. REFIO / , : .

12734 IOUTA IOUTB, - , - . 14- .

12734 170 5 45 3 .

(25 5 ). - , .

, 12734 - Analog Devices -, . AD9764, - Analog Devices.

12735, 12736, 12737 12735 -

14- - TxDAC -. . 160 MSPS 400 MSPS. (-), , 1,2 , , -.

- 43- CLK. . 24 , .

- - - - . - -, . 12734, : (32 ), (15 ) - (5 ).

12735 IOUTA IOUTB, - , - . - , , IOUTA IOUTB 0,5 .

- -. -

. 1.

/ 12734 12735 12736 12737

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fMOUR 125 400 300 210

2. , UVU UV

5 3 3,3

3. *, EMP EL 6,5 3,5 2,5 0,8

4. -, EMP ELD 4,5 2,0 1,5 0,5

5. ,

IOUTFS 2...20

6. - ,

tpD 1 (.) 1

7.

ON 50 (.) 50

8. , ,

SFDR 73 ( ) 74 71 83 (5 ) 73 (20 )

9. , TD 72 ( ) 80 78

10. , PD 170 ( 5 ) 300 ( 3,6 ) 185( 3.6 )160

( 3.6 )

11. (Power-Down Mode),

25 ( 5 ) 13 ( 3,3 ) 15 ( 3,3 )

12. , 60...85

13. 4119.28-1 5133.48-3 4119.28-1

* (INL).

24

www. elcp.ru

.

12736 - 14- - 300 ./ (MSPS). (. . 2):

1,2 ; ; ; ; ; -.

, ,

. 14 . - -, - . (. .) . - () IOUTFS 2...20 . , -, . (. . 3)

- , .

12737 - - 12734 - 210 . . 12737 - 12734. INL- DNL- 12737 - - . , - 12734 160 ( 3,6 ). , :

1) ;2)

IOUTFS;3) . (-

) 12737 60 , - . - 3,0 , 2 . 12737 - ( , Power-Down Mode). , 8,5 . - IOUTA IOUTB . - 15 .

-, - - . 12734 , - -. 2010 .

1. .,

, : , , 2, 2001, . 2428.

. 2. 12736

. 3. 12736

26

www. elcp.ru

- - . - . [1].

? (DafyDD Roche), , Texas Instruments

, ? - . , , - , - DVD/Blueray-, - . , ! , .

, - -, - - . , - , .

- - , .

96 - ASIC. , , - -. - -, , Ethernet-

. 1. 100-

, , , .

. - - . - / . - . 90 , -, , , - 3 .

90 , - . 105 , 120 .

-. 16- 96- , - -

. , AV-, - - .

- DSP ( ) - , . , - - , - 80- . .

1 100- , CD-. . , - , , , - . - DSP 20 16-- 96- .

, - - , - . 20 .

2 . , 20 .

, , , - .

- - , -. 2. 118-

28

www. elcp.ru

/. - - . - .

- - - - . ( 110 ) - CD- 14 .

-

- , , , , , . / 2 rms (5,6 pp). - - - +4 u (1,23 rms) 10 V (0,316 rms). 0,316 2 rms 22 ! , - 2 rms. 10 V, -,

(.. - 20 ). , - 20 . , 20 , .

, . ( 107 ). - - . 1015 .

, - , - . , PCM185xA Texas Instruments 22 0,5 . - , 10 V.

-

. 105- (-, PCM1754) - ( 100 .) 1,3 . , -

- , - -. 0,41 . - (RC4580).

-

0,8 . ( 100 .) - -. . - - .

, - - , - .

1. Why Use a Better DAC? Dafydd Roche//

www.audiodesignline.com.2. Basics of ADCs and DACs, Part 2/Part 3.3. Using Op Amps with Data Converter

Part 2: Key ADC/DAC specifications.4. Understanding superior professional audio

design: A block-by-block approach.5. Audio ADC buffer design secrets: Interfacing

to audio ADC sampling circuits.6. 2 Vrms A funny old standard.7. www.ti.com/audio.

| TekTRonix - - | Tektronix, Inc. MSO2000 - DPO2000 . , . Wave Inspector, - , - FilterVu, .

Tektronix MSO/DPO2000 , , (Alfred Mora), - Datalogic Scanning, Inc. , - . ,

, . MSO2000 DPO2000 100200 ,

, , USB. -. MSO2000 - 16- , 20 , . 1 1 ./ . 5000 , .

MSO2000 DPO2000 , - . USB-- , USB- . , -, PictBridge . MSO2000 DPO2000 NI LabVIEW SignalExpress Tektronix Edition. , 200 , , .

www.tektronix.com

26 2009 ., ,

/,

, .

../: (495) 741-7701, . 2233; 741-7702. : ,e-mail: [email protected]

.

.

:

Elecard (): - , -

MPEG-2 AVC/H.264. ,

(): - -

, : , , -

(): - - - /GPS

(): -. 2008 . SKOREX, - Phoenix Contact

(): -

. - 2000 .

, , -

, ,

26 2009 .,

* - -

: 8 000 . ; 14 000 . ; 18 000 . .

( , ; ): (5% ); (5% ); (5% ); 15 (5% ).

, .

- .

! - .

. : ,

./: (495) 741-7701, . 2233/741-7702. e-mail: [email protected]

: ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

1. ...: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

2. ...: .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

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....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

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....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

*: ............................................................... *: ........................

(495) 741-77-02 . [email protected].

, 24 2009 . ! 20 2009 .

31

2 2009

iPhone. - , - -.

, ,

-. . - , . GPRS EDGE 2.5G. , -. - .

, /, . 3G - ( -, ). - UMTS CDMA2000, . 3G 2008 ., - .

, - - , .

- ( /), - - . - , (International Telecommunication Union, ITU), - -, 4G, .

iPhoneiPhone , -

Apple, -

. , - iPhone 2007 . 30- Apple Computer. -, - .

iPhone - - , . , 2008 ., iPhone 3G, -. , - iPhone, . iPhone, . -, - 3,5- ; -, - , - 8 16 .

iPhone - -: GSM, WiFi, EDGE Bluetooth. . iPhone 3G - UMTS HSDPA, -.

iPhone ARM Samsung - Toshiba.

1 , iPhone.

UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System - ) HSDPA (High-Speed Downlink Packet Access -

). - EDGE, 3G Wi-Fi. , - . - 3G EDGE GSM.

iPhone . - , - .

- (UMTS, HSDPA, GSM, Wi-Fi, EDGE, GPS Bluetooth 2.0 + EDR), - , .

iPhone Mac OS X. - USB 2.0, - - iTunes.

?

. , , , . - .

, - , - - .

, . , (, ). -, , , . , .

32

www. elcp.ru

, Apple iPhone, , , . -, . -, , -, -, , . - iPhone - . iPhone .

- -. iPhone - , . - , . - , (. . 2)

iPhone 16 , . (- ) .

-. , - , . , ( ) , - , .

iPhone

, - ,

Apple. - ASUS, HP, LG, Nokia, Palm, RIM, Samsung Sony Ericsson.

iPhone BlackBerry Storm RIM Nokia 5800 XpressMusic. - , - .

BlackBerry Storm iPhone: 3G, . , BlackBerry Storm iPhone, - . -, - iPhone , Wi-Fi ( -) , Apple AppStore iTunes.

Nokia 5800 XpressMusic - , - iPhone, - .

1. www.ifixit.com.2. www.topwords.ua/test/review_iphone_2.3. w w w . i t - i n n o v a t i o n s . r u / c o n t e n t /

view/45/127.. 2.

. 1. iPhone

33

2 2009

- (). - , -. - , , -, , .. .

,

, -

, , .. - . - , . - :

; ,

/; ; ; ; ; .

- . 1 2 [1] - . , - , . : - .

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, .. - - . - - , -. - , - . - , - , - , .. .

- .

1.

,

,

/ , /

-

(SLA)1,5 60 100

-. ;

.

- (NiCd) 1,2 50 210

, . , , -

- . ,

-

(NiMH)1,2 125 400

.

. . NiMH- , NiCd,

- (Li-Ion) 3,6 240 550

; - .

NiMH- NiCd-.

-

(Li-Polymer)3,6 260 540

. - . -

. -

- 3,3 108 220 ;

- -

34

www. elcp.ru

, , 80% . , . /. - , , - . - , - . , , - . 40%.

- -. , , 5% -, 3% - -. , - 3%. 20, - .

, , - - /. - 4,2 ( 3,6 )

; . -, - -. , -, -. -, .

- , -. , . , 2000 2000 . /10 200 .

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: - 2030% . -, 510 .

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.

. , .

.

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2.

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/ , /

1,5 125 400 ; ;

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; ;

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ESR. ; - .

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36

www. elcp.ru

- (. . 1). 0,050,1 , 9299%, -. , , - ( - 4 ). .

- , - , . - . : 040.

- - , (. . 2). - 4,2 ( 500 ). , . / 3.

- . 4. - 2080% .

-, - - . - - -. - .

, / . - 100%, , 4,2 1%. . -

. 1.

. 2. /

. 3. /

. 4.

37

2 2009

100 - 85%, . . , - .

()

, [4]. - . - , , .

- , - , -

, , , 5 [4]. - , -.

SEPIC [5], - . - 6 - . , - . , - .

, -, : ( .. ,

); ; ; - .

1. John Costa, Runtime and capacity dominate

thinking in a battery market that's still learning chemistry. www.powermanagementdesignline.com/howto/210604098

2. Fran Hoffart, Proper Care Extends Li-Ion Batter y Life. http://powerelectronics.com/p o r ta b l e _ p o w e r_ m a n a g e m e n t / b a t t e r y_c h a rg e r_ i c s /p ro p e r_ ca re _ e x te n ds- l i - i o n -battery-0425/

3. Battery Chargers Catalog. http://focus.ti.com/lit/ml/slym069/slym069.pdf

4. Terry Cleveland Battery Charger Adapts to Multiple Chemistries. http://powerelectronics.com/portable_power_management/battery_c h a r g e r_ i c s / b a t t e r y _ c h a r g e r_ m u l t i p l e _chemistries/

5. Designing A SEPIC Converter. www.national.com/an/AN/AN-1484.pdf#page=1

. 5. . 6. SEPIC

38

www. elcp.ru

, IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN. - - Wi-Fi Alliance, Wi-Fi WLAN. 802.11n Wi-Fi. , . [1].

Wi-Fi Single Stream 802.11n (NarasimhaN VeNkatesh), , redpine Signals

- - , - (QoS) , WLAN , , - , - . - Voice-over-Wi-Fi (VoWiFi).

Wi-Fi Alliance, - VoWiFi, Voice-Personal, - VoWiFi -. Voice-Personal, , - , . 2008 ., -, - , Wi-Fi- Redpine Signals Lite-Fi.

VoWiFi, - , - VoWiFi VoWiFi-.

VoWiFi

. WLAN - . , WLAN - . -.

. - , - . , . VoWiFi- 50 .

. . , , .

. , - , - . , . , WLAN- - MAC-, , - - . , VoWiFi- - - .

. -

. , - . - . - 802.11 - , , - , 2030 . 802.11e Wi-Fi- WMM-PS - , , - .

. - , Wi-Fi-, - . , - - .

. VoWiFi, - , (). , - Wi-Fi- , () - , -

39

2 2009

40

www. elcp.ru

. .

(QoS), - -, - . WMM Wi-Fi Alliance - - - -. 802.11n - , . - (STBC) - VoWiFi-. , 802.11n - , , , .. .

- VoWiFi- .

VoWiFi -

, . - -, . , - . , . , -. - . , 802.11, - VoWiFi.

802.11

- . , , - . - - ( ), . -

PS-POLL , . - , . , DTIM (Delivery Traffic Indication Message -). , , - - . 1 - .

VoWiFi- . , , , 100 , VoWiFi.

APSDAPSD (Automatic Power Save Delivery)

-, 802.11e. U-APSD (un-scheduled APSD - -) S-APSD (scheduled APSD - ). APSD - . S-APSD - (TSF). . U-APSD , - . . - , - EOSP. 2 U-APSD. Wi-Fi WMM-PS - U-APSD. VoWiFi APSD . - . WLAN, .. Lite-Fi Redpine, 20 VoWiFi- .

PSMP

VoWiFi, U-APSD, . VoWiFi , -

. 1.

. 2. U-APSD

42

www. elcp.ru

QoS. , - , . PSMP (Power Save Multi Poll ), 802.11n, . PSMP, - . 3 PSMP.

MTBA (Multi-TID Block Ack), 802.11n, PSMP. TID . PSMP , , , - -. , , . , - PSMP -

, VoWiFi.

, ,

, - - , VoWiFi. - . - , . . - , 50 , . - - -

- VoWiFi.

802.11, - 4.

, -1, .. - . . -1 -2. Wi-Fi- -2 -1 -2, . - , :

; ; . ,

- 802.11 1 . - , , 1 . , , . - - , .. .

IEEE : . , -. 5 , - - , - .

1. , - , PS.

. 3. PSMP

. 4.

43

2 2009

2. .

3. - , .

4. - , - .

5. - .

6. , PS, .

VoIP - 20 . , , .

, . . - . - RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator -), SNR ( /), . -, - .

- . - - 802.1x/EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol -). - . 802.1x LEAP (Lightweight EAP EAP), 1001200 , - . VoWiFi 50 , - .

- 802.1x/EAP. - 20 .

WPA/WPA2 Pre-Shared Key (Wi-Fi Protected Access Wi-Fi; Pre-Shared Key - -

) - 4- , 802.1x/EAP. , , , VoWiFi.

- WPA/WPA2 - 802.1x/EAP - - . , 1 , VoWiFi. - -, IEEE - , 802.1x/EAP , - . , , PTK . - , .

- 802.11k 11r. 802.11k - , - , 802.11r - , , .

-, - - .

Voice-Personal

, Wi-Fi Alliance VoWiFi. -. - VoWiFi WMM, - , - . WMM-PS - -.

WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup - ) - PIN- Wi-Fi. -, Voice-Personal - Wi-Fi-, Voice Enterprise - . , - VoWiFi .

1. Voice-over-Wi-Fi Implementation with

Single Stream 802.11n. Narasimhan Venkatesh//www.portabledesign.com

. 5.

44

www. elcp.ru

(- 1) LTE, SC-FDMA ( ) . - LTE .

FDMA LTE , , Agilent Technologies

- W-CDMA (- ). - 2004 . 3GPP ( 3- ) - (LTE) - 3GPP.

LTE 8 3GPP. , - 2010 ., LTE 3- - :

86,4 / 20 64QAM (- );

172,8 / 20 - 64QAM 22 SU-MIMO ( - /);

326,4 / 44 SU-MIMO;

1,420 ;

- 24 6 HSPA ( );

5 - IP-;

, 015 /; 120 / - ,

350 /;

, IP-.

LTE LTE

: (FDD) (TDD). -, .. FDD . FDD TDD LTE , UMTS. - - (OFDM), - , SC-FDMA. , OFDM.

OFDM OFDMA OFDM -

1960- . , , (DVB), (DAB), (ADSL) - Wi-Fi 802.11. OFDM -. , (FFT) . - - , OFDM, LTE. , OFDM , - -

(PAR), -. PAR -, - - . 3GPP SC-FDMA.

- LTE OFDM, - (OFDMA). . - , - , - -.

SC-FDMASC-FDMA -

, - PAR, , GSM CDMA, - OFDM. - SC-FDMA 1, 3GPP TR 25.814 LTE.

1 . - , , - . , . SC-FDMA - OFDM - (DFT-SOFDM).

46

www. elcp.ru

- 2, -, OFDMA SC-FDMA - QPSK. (M) - . OFDMA (M) , - QPSK.

15 OFDMA, - 66,7 . OFDMA , (CP). CP , . - , , OFDMA.

SC-FDMA . , SC-FDMA . SC-FDMA , OFDMA, .. 66,7 , , .. 66,7/M . -

. 60 , 15 , - , OFDMA. - CP.

- OFDMA SC-FDMA 3 4 SC-FDMA. , 3. - - SC-FDMA - . QPSK (. . 2), SC-FDMA , - , QPSK -. M SC-FDMA, SC-FDMA M - QPSK. , -, .

IQ- SC-FDMA - (DFT; . . 4). - DFT , SC-FDMA - M DFT, 15 , - SC-FDMA 66,7 . - , SC-FDMA, - DFT, , , . : , - SC-FDMA, - , , , - DFT - .

:

SC-FDMA - - -?. OFDMA -

. 1. SC-FDMA

. 2. QPSK OFDMA SC-FDMA

. 3. SC-FDMA

. 4. SC-FDMA

47

2 2009

OFDMA 66,7 , SC-FDMA - , M . OFDMA - , - . , - , . , DFT - SC-FDMA DFT, SC-FDMA, , - . DFT, SC-FDMA, M , M -. , SC-FDMA - - -. 2 SC-FDMA , - SC-FDMA.

SC-FDMA , OFDMA. - , CP OFDMA - -.

5 SC-FDMA OFDMA. - OFDMA, - , SC-FDMA. , ,

, , - , , QPSK. SC-FDMA, , PAR PAR -, - QPSK. OFDMA, - QPSK , , PAR . PAR SC-FDMA - , - . , .

LTE

, -. 1 - , - . , -

, , . 1 - .

-

, FDD 1 FDD 2. 1 10 , - 0,5 . 6 - DMRS PUSCH . CP. CP - SC-FDMA. CP, - - , - SC-FDMA. (.. 3). PUSCH .

7 1 . - . , (RB), 12-

1.

DMRS () . PUCCH PUSCH

SRS PUCCH PUSCH

PRACH -

PUCCH , ACK/NACH

PUSCH -

. 5. SC-FDMA

48

www. elcp.ru

0,5 . DMRS PUSCH - PUCCH, RB , - , -. , , , , . , RB - , -. DMRS -, PUSCH PUCCH, - ,

, .

- , SRS, - PUSCH PUCCH. PUSCH QPSK, 16QAM 64QAM. PUCCH QPSK, DMRS BPSK 45.

SC-FDMA 8

SC-FDMA,

Agilent 89601A. IQ A ( ) , 16QAM. DMRS, , - -.

B ( ) - . 15- , - 600 599, - 18 100 RB. , 20 , - 5 . - -, 10 . - IQ. - OFDM, - IQ 0,5 . - - 3GPP.

C ( ) , (EVM), - IQ. , EVM 1,15% , EVM DMRS 0,114%. - +0,1 ( E), - , EVM . ,

. 6. 1 , DMRS PUSCH

. 7. 1 ,

49

2 2009

DMRS +1 , - IQ, - 16QAM. D ( ) EVM -. EVM - C. EVM , - - - RB RB. 30 , B. D EVM DMRS, .

E ( ) - EVM, . DMRS - 16QAM, QPSK 64QAM . , -, F ( ) PAR SC-FDMA - (CCDF). PAR SC-FDMA OFDMA , -

. PAR OFDMA - , SC-FDMA . , , - , PAR SC-FDMA - , OFDMA - . OFDMA 5 16QAM . ,

0,01% SC-FDMA 3 , , - 0,1 .

1. -

3GPP//www.3gpp.org/Highlights/LTE/LTE.htm.

2. LTE 36//www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/36-series.htm

. 8. 16QAM SC-FDMA

50

WWW.ELCP.RU

Texas Instruments . , + . ,

, ,

CC2590-91 Texas Instruments

.

2008 . Texas Instruments 2590/91 2,4 , . . CC2590 , 14 , 2591 22 . 1.

, , . 6 24xx 25xx.

1.

Texas Instruments : 2590EM, 2591EM, CC2430CC2590EMK, CC2430CC2591EMK (. . 2, 3).

259091EM , , SmartRF04EB, SmartRF05EB Texas Instruments. , , , CC2590/91EM Reference Design Texas Instruments. 200 , , 50 .

CC2430CC2590/91EMK CC2430, , .

. 1. CC2590/91

. 2. CC2430-CC2590/91EMK

. 3. 2590/91EM

. 1. CC2590/91

2590 2591 , +14 +22 3

22 12

112 20

-, , 4,6 4,8

, 3,4 HIGH 1,7 LOW , 100

51

2 2009

CC2430CC2590/91 EM Reference Design, Texas Instruments. SmartRF04EB, Texas Instruments. Smart RF Studio PER test.

, Texas Instruments CC2520CC2591EM Reference Design, CC2520 2590/91, . CC2520 2590/91 . 4.

.

. 4 2591. 11/C12, 101/102, 131/132 () TL11, TL101 TL131 , CC2591. 161 AVDD_BIAS.

, . Texas Instruments , .

2520 /. 2590/91 , 25920 2590/91 24 . , , 2520 2590/91, , , , .

111, 112, L111, C113, L112 2590/91 50 . 112 .

R151 2590/91.

Texas Instruments . SMA 0 . 90. F. Texas Instruments (. ).

1,6 , . , , . , . .

, . , . , . , . , . .

, , , CC2520 2591. , , .

. 4. CC2520 CC2590/91

52

WWW.ELCP.RU

, Texas Instruments.

. . , , . : , .

. 5. - CC2591

.

2591. , , . , , , , , 2591. 5.

, :

, , , .. ;

;

.

2590/91, , .

- Texas Instruments (www.compel.ru) . (495) 995-0901 . [email protected].

| | Mobile World Congress-2009 Inside Contactless Qualcomm NFC (near field communication ). NFC 13,56 . , .

, NFC -, , , , , .. .

Inside Contactless NFC 2009 . - Nokia ViVOtech, .


| | , - . Forward Concepts, 13%, 164 . .

Apple, , IV . 2008 . - 6%. Nokia RIM.

. , Nokia 2008 . , . 10% , 5800 XpressMusic.

RIM, 2008 . , 27- -. III . ( 29- ) 8-% . BlackBerry 14% 21 .

, . , Synaptics 43% IV . 141,5 . .

, Skyworks Solutions Linear Technology, , . (Samsung Electronics, Wolfson Microelectronics, Silicon Storage Technology) .


53

2 2009

- , . , , - DaVinci - Texas Instruments, .

- (Tim Simerly), , Texas Instruments

- - (AV-) . ( ), () (DVD-) , , - , - .. , - , - - , -, MPEG-2, MPEG-4 Simple Profile (SP), H.264, VC-1, On2 DivX.

- AV- . AV- - , -, , . - , - . - , .

1. , , .

2. , AV- .

3. - - , , .

- AV- - -

AV- - , , Ethernet, USB, FLASH, AV- AV- - , , , - . , -. , - - . - - - (), - , - .

, - . - - -, , -. TI DaVinci. 1 - DM6446 DaVinci, ARM926 C64x.

, DaVinci, -, ARM . , -. , - , - - .

- - HTTP, - . RTSP, - , - AV- . - AV- RTSP , -, , . RTSP , HTTP, - AV-, -, , . , RTSP - , - - - RTP/RTCP.

- - Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA) . , DLNA- HTTP -

54

www. elcp.ru

, - AV- . , DLNA - HTTP RTSP RTSP.

AV-. - Microsoft, , Audio Video Interleaved (AVI) Advanced Systems Format (ASF), MPEG-2 Transport Stream (TS) Program Stream (PS), MPEG-4 (MP4). - - AV-.

, - -

, - . MP4 - , - , - , . , - - ASF Adobe Flash Video, DVD- TS PS. - , , - MPEG-4 - MP4.

-

, - . - (HD), - - - - - -, .

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, - -, - , , , .

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- (I, P, B), - -. , , 30 15 , , - B- , - . B- , - - .

- HD-, -, . , , -. - , - . - , - . , - - , - -,

55

2 2009

. , - , . - - . - (- -) 2.

- , - , , , - -. , - , - .

, , . , , -, .

DaVinci,

- , - , MPEG-2, H.264 VC-1. DaVinci - -

. 3 - DVD . - (Set-Top box, STB) - , - (PIP).

- . , - - DaVinci - , - . , -, - .

. 2. -

. 3. -

56

www. elcp.ru

() - , , - , -. . , , , . - - , 1 ( 6, 2008).

. 4* , ...,

- [3]. [4] . - :

-: -, , - , , , ;

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() : , , - - (), ;

[1, 2];

( ) - , , .. - .

- .

* , 6, 8, 9, 2008 . .

, : 220 ; - 220/380 , 50 .

- , - . - 20% . , - [1].

(S.) , 100-% - - . - , (S.), - (S.), 2530%, - . , 30 - 0,8 : S. = 32,8 S. = 41 .

(.) - - :

. = S. , (1)

-,

100-% .

- - 0,80,99. , - . . = 0,99 - - IGBT- [2].

( -) - , (.. , - ) - .

, - . 100-% , - - :

I. = S./U.. (2)

- . - - .

57

2 2009

1.

, %

0,7 880,75 940,8

1000,850,9

1,0

0,95 940,9 87

0,85 800,8 74

0,75 680,7 62

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- . - - , , - (), () -. - . , , , , - -. IGBT- - () - . - , 5 [5], - - (12%), - ( 3%) 3.

(S.) - , - ( ) - ( ) (, , ).

( ), , - , - - . 0,70,9 [6].

- (.) - , :

. = S.. (3)

-, , - , . ( ) - :

P = P, = + + . (4)

P ( ) , , . - 110 2030% . .

P , - .

P = 1 + 2 +3 +4. (5)

P1 -;

P2 - ;

P3 - ;

P4 -.

( - ) - () , 8588% 9094% .

P , . . , -

30 : 2,8 - 2,2 .

- KS = f(K). - [6].

- - KS = S./S100%. KS Kd, - , . - . 1 - 0,8 .

- , . - - - -, . , - . - - . 100% - - -

58

www. elcp.ru

. 1 RL, RC RCD. - . RCD . - 2,53 - 0,70,6. 1 - RCD- - [7]. - : 50% RL = 0,8 50% RCD- - 2,5 /. - = 3 - s = 7080%.

(. . 2) - - - . - - (-), - (-L). -:

- P ;

- - ;

- , - ( ) -;

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. 2.

, -;

D - , - - .

- - - . - - ( ) = /S.

- - 1 CD. (A-B-C- D-O) -. - , - .

. - : Kc = Qc/S = = 0,250,5; Kl = Ql/S = 0,070,2. . - , - [6].

. - . - , . IGBT- - - (I), 200300% . , - 510% -, , . 3 . : 1 ; 2

59

2 2009

2.

,

, %

,

, %

,

PowerwarePW9120 16

125 60

1000 0,02150 10

PW9150 815125 60150 10

Liebert

GXT 610130 10

/200 0,16

Nfinity 416125 600150 20200 0,25

Hinet 1030125 600 150 1800150 10

1000 0,1300 0,1

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/150 60

. 3.

; 3 . , - - . - , - , - .

. - , - I. - 5%, - () 1,5 - :

. (6)

, - :

. = I/I. = 2,12. (7)

- - , . - [8]. , , - 5 4 - RCD- - 5%. , - = 0,8.

2 .

/. , - , - .

- [8]:

= .

, - , :

S = S /. (8)

- - - . , - . , - - :

= S /. (9)

:

S = / = S /. (10)

U = U :

I = I /. (11)

- : = 0,95, = 90%, = 0,63.

(11) : I = = 0,74 I. - , -. - ,

54% . - .. . , - , - - , - - .

- - . - - . - [8].

- - - . 2090% 68 .

60

www. elcp.ru

- , - - 8% 14 /. - 0,1% .

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- 13 [9]. :

. 4.

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;

;

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- , [3, 4]. - 4, . , 100% 3,5%

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5 - , - 150% . , , , - . , -

61

2 2009

. 5.

. 5. 1,8 3

, - .

5. 110% - 30 , . 150% 0,2 .

5 - 3 , (-) 2,84, 1,8 . 2,4 .

- 9% 40 .

-, , - 2%. - 150% - ( ). 0,22 - (. . 6).

- (200 ) .

- , - [11] , .

3 - 3 - 1,8 .

3, - -

62

www. elcp.ru

. 6. 150-%

() 3,8% . - 10% [9]. - , 3641% (- - ), - = 0,61%. - () , - .

1. . :

. 1// , 6, 2008.

2. . . 2// , 8, 2008.

3. International Standard IEC 62040-3.1999, Uninterruptible Power Systems (UPS), part 3: Method of Specifying the Performance and Test Requirements.

4. 27699-88. . .

5. Jean N. Fiorina Inverters and Harmonics, MGE UPS Systems, MGE 159, 1993

6. ., . - - // , 3, 2007.

7. ., . - // , .5, 2002.

8. ., . , -, 4, 2004.

9. . . : // , 2, 2007.

10. . . 3// , 9, 2008.

11. 13109-97. - .

3.

, %

%

2 3 5 7 9

3,8 3,05 0,57 1,32 0,76

2,15 1,44 0,69 1,36 0,31

111 84 60 36 22

13 11 2,7 7 2,6

64

www. elcp.ru

(Digital Power). (., , 6 9). , Texas Instruments.

(DaviD Morrison), , Power Electronics Technology

- - , - .

, 32- () Texas Instruments (TI) - , -. - - CHiL Semiconductor, - - . .

32- Piccolo

TMS320F2802x/F2803x TI - . - , , , -, , ( , -) .

32- , - , , , TI.

Piccolo F2802x/F2803x -

- . , - - F2802x/F2803x - - .

, Piccolo - - , , , - , .

Piccolo - - . - -, , , - , . - - -, .

Piccolo - CLA (Control Law Accelerator), - () TMS320C28x - . , F2803x, - /

, - .

(enhanced pulse-width modulators ePWM) - TI - 150 , , - . Piccolo 12- 4,6 ./ - .

- 10 - 1% , -, - . - , 50%, - .

Piccolo - - . - - , , IEC-60730 . - , 3,3- , 1,9 - , .

Piccolo F2802x . 40...60 , - 128 , 12- , - .

65

2 2009

Omron -

(- , , , -, ), , , - , , , , , - .

- BxTS , . , .. , - (), , , , , . - () , , , , - .

Omron - 16- , SPI -, - . - . , , - . , , - .

, . , , - . , , 1.

, , - . , - , . - -. , , .

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, -,

- Omron BxTS

, , , . - . , - (), , - . , , , , , . . , -.

,

RC- (. . 2), . - , (. . 3).

. 1.

. 2.

. 3.

66

WWW.ELCP.RU

1.

,

, Km

, 1 0

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2,2 0,2

3 0,3

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2...7 0,2 0,7

25 0,85

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. - . - , - -, - . .

(S), (d) () : C ~ (S)/d. - , , - , . , (. . 1). . - 4.

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, , , . B6TWorkbench, , . . - , , -

. , , . , - . .

(. . 5). - , , , B6TWorkbench. C B6TS - . - : -, , , ( ) ( , -). - B6TWorkbench (. . 6), - . (, , , ). - , - .

Omron -

, - ,

. 5.

67

2 2009

. 6. B6Tworkbench

. , - . Omron,

- .

BxTS Omron .: (812) 324-63-50 . : [email protected]

| | Freescale Semiconductor , . - , , .

, 0,32 . , , , .

Freescale, 8290%, FCOL (flip-chip on leadframe ).

.


| | RCM Group . , , , - . : - , , .

. - , . , , . .

www.rcmgroup.ru

| AMD | AMD . AMD , . , AMD ATIC, .

, 42% , - , . , AMD. 18- . 2- 2009 ., DailyTech.

AMD IV . 2008 . 1,42 . . IV . 2007 . , .


68

www. elcp.ru

-. - NAND- NOR- -. RAM, NAND- NOR-, -. [1].

NAND NOR - ? (Vijay K. DeVaDiga), . , Silicon Storage Technology Inc.

70- . - , , , , - , - .

- , , - , . EEPROM, EPROM, -EPROM, - RAM . -RAM . , RAM, , - - .

- , , - - NAND NOR, - , , - -. - : OneNAND, OrNAND, iNAND, GBNAND, moviNAND, ManagedNAND NANDrive.

- , -, - . ?

- NAND -, . , .

- RAM (PSRAM SDR/DDR SDRAM). - .

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-. - NOR- - NAND-. NOR- 1 .

NaND- NAND- -

, (, () -) , .. NAND- , 16 . NOR-, NAND- - (XIP) . , - NAND-, NOR- - BIOS. NAND- - ROM -. NAND- - (shadowing), - (demand paging). - NAND- RAM, RAM .

NAND- , NOR-, - , - , (wear-leveling) . - - . 1 , - () NAND-. - . - - , , .

NAND- (single-level cell SLC) 1 4 512- , NAND- - (multi-level cell MLC) 4 8 512- . 512 4096 . SLC NAND- - 100 . 50 . , MLC NAND- 10 . 5 . ( - 3 . ). , NAND- , - NAND-. - NAND-. - - NAND- NAND-.

, - NAND-, - NAND-. , - OneNAND NAND-, RAM SLC NAND- -

69

2 2009

. OneNAND- - 1- - 512- -, , .

NAND- OrNAND- MirrorBit NOR- NAND-, - NOR-. OrNAND- 1 , . , OrNAND- 1 , NAND-.

NaND- -

NAND- - (managed) NAND-. - NAND-, - - .

NAND- iNAND, GBNAND, moviNAND, Managed NAND NANDrive. - . NAND- - (flash file system FFS), 2. , Secure Digital (SD), MultiMediaCard (MMC) Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA). , iNAND GBNAND SD, moviNAND Managed NAND - MMC, NANDrive ATA. - (XIP), - - NOR-.

NAND- - . - NAND-.

NaND- NAND-

-

, NOR-. , - mDOC H3. - RAM - NAND- , , 3.

, - NAND-. - NAND-, - NOR-, . - , . - , .. NAND-.

, NAND- , NAND- RAM -. , NAND- , , ,

. 1. , , - NAND-

. 2. NAND-

. 3. , RAM NAND-

70

www. elcp.ru

(demand paging) .

- mDOC H3 NOR- , NAND-, , NOR-. - - .

NAND- NAND- - . - . - - , . , , - . , - . -

RAM, - .

- , - (XIP), - -. - NOR- ( ), NAND- ( - ) RAM ( ). - . , - , SRAM.

- - , (wear-leveling) NAND-. (NOR, NAND RAM) ,

. 4. , NOR-, NAND- RAM: ) -, )

)

)

- .

-

, , . , 4, NOR-, NAND- RAM. RAM NAND-, - - . , RAM SRAM.

RAM , - : NOR- (PNOR) RAM . NAND- - PNOR ATA NAND-. PNOR- NOR, RAM NAND-. NAND- , - XIP- - NOR- - . ATA RAM (PSRAM SDR/DDR SDRAM) - , ATA. , RAM PNOR- - - / NAND-.

, , - , . NOR- XIP-; - MLC SLC NAND- . - , - .

1. Employ the proper flash memory in your

design, Vijay Devadiga//www.embedded.com.

71

2 2009

(CW), FM- () - . - - FM-, .

- () , 110 , . -, -, -, - 20 .

, - . -, , , , , - , ..

-. - (Frequency Mask Trigger). , . - .

1 , - . - , . 100%.

-

, , -.

, , , . - , . - - . , 20 . [1].

(Tom Hill), , Tektronix

. 1.

. 2.

, 30 50 . 48 . -, .

2 CW- .

72

WWW.ELCP.RU

. 3. -

, , - , - .

2 - 50 ./. - . . , .

2 48 . ./ . - . , , . 2 .

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) . 3050 ./, , - . . . - -, , .

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,

. , .

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(Pulse Statistics) , , . - . , - .

-

. , , - 400- - , . - - , , .

, , . - . , (Pulse Statistics), 400- .

, -

73

2 2009

. 6. - 19

. 5.

. (-, 0,2 ) , . , . , - . .

, , . , . - , (. . 4). 400- .

(-) .

FM-. - , .

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2009_02_01-07 C 2 20092009_02_08-11 2009_02_12-16 2009_02_17-20 2009_02_21-25 2009_02_26-28 2009_02_29-30 2009_02_31-32 2009_02_33-37 2009_02_38-43 2009_02_44-49 2009_02_50-52 2009_02_53-55 2009_02_56-63 2009_02_64 2009_02_65-67 2009_02_68-70 2009_02_71-76 2009_02_77-80 2 2009

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