1

.

" "

"-- -"

ا

-غالبا10 -50

ph =3-10

2

Zygomycota

haploid genome

ن

Zygomycetes

zygospore

كال ت

ZygomycetesTrichomycetes

3

sporangiospores

" "sporangiasporangiola

dimorphic

"7 ""30 ""125 "" 900"ت1 %

1. Mucorales2. Entomophthorales3. Glomales4. Kickxellales5. Zoopagales6. Dimargaritales7. Endogonales

4

1.Mucorales

1356300

ل

" "sporangiasporangiola

يحzygospores

chlamydospores

arthrospores

rhizoid

anastomosis

azygosporeszygospores

Ca-oxalate

1. Mucoraceae2. Pilobolaceae3. Thamnidiaceae4. Phycomycetaceae5. Absidiaceae6. Cunninghamellaceae7. Gilbertellaceae8. Dicranophoraceae9. Saksenaeaceae10.Choanephoraceae

5

11.Mycotyphaceae12.Syncephalastraceae13.Sigmoideomycetaceae

Mucoraceae عائلةا

columella

6

Pilobolaceae عائلة. 2

2-4

2

Pilobolus crystallinus

7

Thamnidiaceaeعائلة .3

columella

Thamanidium elegans

columella

ص

8

Phycomycetaceaeعائلة . 4

monotypicPhycomyces3

.

Absidiaceaeعائلة . 5

columellaapophysis

Cunninghamellaceaeعائلة .6

Cunninghamella sp

9

2.Entomophthorales

يhyphal bodies

homothallicresting sporeszygospores

azygospores

zygospores

Entomophthora muscae

10

3.Glomales

شـعبةzygomycota النـه الzygosporangia

90 %

3

ssrDNA

11

4.Kickxellales

لعامة

Merosporangia

pseudophialides

sporocladia

zygospores

Kickxellaceae مثلCoemansia, Kickxella

5.zoopagales

٭

zygospores٭

٭

12

٭

Monophyletic٭

6.Dimargaritales

monotypicDimargaritaceae

4على

two-spored merosporangia

merosporangia

zygosporeszygosporangia

7.Endogonales

sporocarpszygospores

Endogone , Sclregone

13

Trichomycetesطائفة

plug

جنسيةالsporangiospores , arthrospores and amoeboid

cellsHarpellalestrichospores

Harpellales

48200يتبع ه

Asellariales, Eccrinales, Harpellales , and Amoebidiales

14

1.Asellariales

arthrospores

zygospores

15

2.Eccrinales

Arundinula spp

3.Harpellales

trichosporessporangiospores

zygospores

16

Smittium spp

4.Amoebidiales

sporangiosporesamoeboid cells