"За съжаление фалирахме": двупартийният експеримент на Харилаос Трикупис или един неуспешен опит за

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

An article concerning the inner policy of one of the most prominent Greek prime ministers - Charilaos Trikoupis, who tried to implement a new two-party political system in Greece during his reign in the second half of the 19th century.

Citation preview

  • 5/26/2018 " ": ...

    1/10

    VIA BALCANICA2/2013 16

    1887-1890 . : .

    1881 1913, . , 1977.

  • 5/26/2018 " ": ...

    2/10

    VIA BALCANICA2/2013 17

    -

    (1832-

    1896)

    : ? -

    . ,

    . (- ) 1874 . -

    -

    , -

    .1

    ,

    1895 .,

    -. -

    , 10 1893 .

    -

    . , -

    1895 .,

    (1826-1905),

    - .

    - - -

    .

    1856 . , -

    ,

    1861 1863 . .2

    . 1867 . -

    , -

    1872 . -

    ,

    .. .3

    - -

    1 . - ( ), . , , .2 , . 1872 1881. : . 1833 1981, . , , 1977, . 294.3 Hering, G. Die politischen Parteien in Griechenland 1821-1936. Oldenburg Verlag GmbH, Mnchen, 1992, S. 441.

    , , -

    .

    80- , -

    . -

    ( , ) ,

    , -

    .4 -

    -

    , ,

    ,

    . -

    (1882-1885)

    , , -

    ,

    .5 -

    -

    .

    1864 .

    - -

    70- XIX .

    , ,

    1864 .6

    1831 . -

    XIX .

    -

    , -

    .

    4 1875-1895 . . , .,. . . ., 2003, . 166-169.5 , . 1881 1895. : . 1881 1913, . , 1977, .39.6 ., ., . . , .156-159.

  • 5/26/2018 " ": ...

    3/10

    VIA BALCANICA2/2013 18

    , -

    , -

    .1

    1864 . -

    (

    I) . -

    I

    , -

    .

    , -

    .

    -

    ,

    .

    ,

    . -

    1 Tassopoulos, I. Constitutionalism and the IdeologicalConversion to National Unity under the Greek Constitution of1864. In: Ways to Modernity in Greece and Turkey: Encounterswith Europe, 1850-1950. A. Frangoudaki and C. Keydler (ed.),I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd, London 2007, pp. 15-17.

    ,

    : -

    ; -

    , -

    ,

    , -

    .

    -

    . -

    ,

    , -

    -

    , -

    . -

    1875 .,

    , -

    .

    : -

    ,

    , ,

    -

    , , .2 -

    -

    I 11 1875 .

    ,

    .3

    .

    ,

    , -

    .

    ,

    . 1875 ., ..

    , 12 .

    ,

    2 , . 1872 1881, . 295.3 .

    (1832-1896). : . 1881 1 913, . , 1977.

  • 5/26/2018 " ": ...

    4/10

    VIA BALCANICA2/2013 19

    , -

    -

    .

    .

    ,

    , .. -

    , -

    .

    -

    .4 -

    , ,

    .

    -

    , (

    )

    ( -

    ). ,

    , -

    . . - -

    -

    - ,

    .5

    . ,

    , -

    , -

    . -

    : ,

    -

    , -

    .6

    4 , . 1881 1895..., . 42.5 .6 70- XIX . .. , . , 1878 . . , . XIX . ., 1980.

    , ,

    ,

    .7

    - -

    . 1878 .

    :

    , ,

    , , -

    , -

    , -

    .8

    ,

    , -

    -

    - . ,

    -

    -

    : -

    ,

    - .9

    , , -

    . ,

    -

    .10

    , ..

    , -

    , -

    ,

    .

    . -

    I (. 1863-

    1913)

    7 , . XIX XX . . , 2008, . 24-25.8 , . 28-29.9 , . 1881 1895..., . 42.10 , . ..., .23.

  • 5/26/2018 " ": ...

    5/10

    VIA BALCANICA2/2013 20

    ,

    ..

    , -

    .

    . ,

    1875 ., .. ,

    : -

    , -

    , .

    : , -

    -

    ,

    , :

    .1

    -

    -

    .

    -

    -

    , - ,

    . -

    -

    , XX .2, .

    ,

    -

    , - . -

    (1821-1830)

    , -

    ,

    -

    - .

    ,

    1 Clogg, R. A Concise History of Greece. Cambridge UniversityPress, 1992, pp. 62-63.2 . . Legg, K. Politics in Modern Greece. StanfordUniversity Press, Stanford, California, 1969, pp. 125-126. Clogg,R. A Concise History of Greece, pp. 63-65.

    , -

    .3

    -

    XIX ., -

    - . -

    -

    .

    -

    XIX . . -

    .

    3 Hering, G. Die politischen Parteien in Griechenland, S. 53-60, 88-91.

    (1836-1905). : . 1881 1913, . , 1977.

  • 5/26/2018 " ": ...

    6/10

    VIA BALCANICA2/2013 21

    : 1881

    . 125 244

    ,

    100. 1883 .

    ..

    ( )

    , 170

    1885 . 40 .

    -

    1896 .4

    , -

    , -

    70-

    80-

    .5

    -

    , 4 , . 482.5 , . ..., .26.

    -

    .

    , -

    , -

    . -

    1882 1895 .,

    -

    .6

    , -

    ,

    .

    ,

    .

    -

    .

    - , -

    ,

    6 , . 1881 1895..., . 42.

    .

    , , I

    . , ,

    . : . 1881 1913, . , 1977.

  • 5/26/2018 " ": ...

    7/10

    VIA BALCANICA2/2013 22

    , ,

    . , ,

    , -

    .

    ,

    , - .

    XIX.

    -

    , -

    . . ,

    . -

    ,

    . -

    ,

    -

    .1

    .

    , - , -

    ,

    .2

    -

    . , -

    ,

    - -

    , -

    ,

    ,

    o .3

    :

    -

    , -

    , --

    , -1 Mazower, M. e Messiah and the Bourgeoisie: Venizelos andPolitics in Greece, 1909-1912. In: e Historical Journal, Vol.35, No. 4 (Dec. 1992), pp. 888-889.2 , . 1881 1895..., . 42.3 Clogg, R. A Concise History of Greece, pp. 64-65.

    . ,

    , .

    - -

    ,

    .4

    , -

    , -

    --

    ,

    - .

    -

    , -

    . -

    (1885-1886, 1890-1892, 1895-1897, 1902

    1903 .) -

    .

    , -

    -

    -

    1885 .5 -

    ,

    1893 . , -

    .

    -

    .

    -

    -

    , - -

    .

    ,

    , - ,

    4 , . 1881 1895..., . 40.5 Clogg, R. A Concise History of Greece, p. 67.

  • 5/26/2018 " ": ...

    8/10

    VIA BALCANICA2/2013 23

    .6 - ,

    ,

    , -

    .

    , -

    .

    . 1885 . : -

    ,

    -

    , , ,

    - ,

    .

    .7 -

    , -

    , 6 Gounaris, B. Model nation and caricature state: competingGreek perspectives on the Balkans and Hellas (1797-1896). In: Beaton, R. and D. Ricks (ed.), e Making of ModernGreece. Nationalism, Romanticism, and the Uses of the Past(1797-1896), Ashgate Publishing Ltd., 2009, p. 144. , . , , .7 , . ..., .24-25.

    ,

    -

    . -

    , -

    .8

    ,

    -

    .

    1893 . -

    -

    1895 . - - . 22--

    :

    -

    . -

    -

    , -

    .

    8 Gounaris, B. Model nation and caricature state, pp. 143-145.

    ,

    . , : , . : . 1881 1 913, . , 1977.

  • 5/26/2018 " ": ...

    9/10

    VIA BALCANICA2/2013 24

    ,

    .1 -

    , -

    -

    , XIX .

    . , . , . , . .

    , --

    1897 . -

    -

    XX .2 -

    1 - - . , . . , XXVII, . 2, 1995, . 36-53.2 , . ..., . 27-28.

    , , -

    , -

    , ,

    -. -

    -

    , -

    .3

    .3 ( , ), , XIX . . , . . , . 37, . 2, 2011, . 143-164.

    , (), ()

    .

    . : . 1881 1913, . , 1977.

  • 5/26/2018 " ": ...

    10/10

    VIA BALCANICA2/2013 25

    , . XIX . ., 1980.

    , ., . . . ., 2003.

    , . XIX XX . . , 2008.

    , . . -

    , XXVII, . 2, 1995, . 36-53.

    , . . -

    , . 37, . 2, 2011, . 143-164.

    Clogg, R.A Concise History of Greece. Cambridge University Press, 1992.

    Gounaris, B. Model nation and caricature state: competing Greek perspectives on the Balkans and Hellas (1797-1896).

    In: Beaton, R. and D. Ricks (ed.), The Making of Modern Greece. Nationalism, Romanticism, and the Uses of the Past (1797-

    1896), Ashgate Publishing Ltd., 2009, pp. 137-147.

    Hering, G. Die politischen Parteien in Griechenland 1821-1936. Oldenburg Verlag GmbH, Mnchen, 1992.

    Legg, K. Politics in Modern Greece. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California, 1969.

    Mazower, M.The Messiah and the Bourgeoisie: Venizelos and Politics in Greece, 1909-1912. In: The Historical

    Journal, Vol. 35, No. 4 (Dec. 1992), pp. 885-904.

    Tassopoulos, I.Constitutionalism and the Ideological Conversion to National Unity under the Greek Constitu-

    tion of 1864. In: Ways to Modernity in Greece and Turkey: Encounters with Europe, 1850-1950. A. Frangouda-

    ki and C. Keydler (ed.), I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd, London 2007, pp. 9-25.

    , . 1872 1881. : .

    1833 1981, . , 1977, . 290-298.

    , . 1881 1895. : -

    . 1881 1913, . , 1977. . 39-56.

    , .

    : .

    1881 1913, . , 1977.