Is Corruption in China Out of Control? Comparison with the U.S. In Historical Perspective

Carlos D. RamirezUSamuel Huntington Robin TheobaldJ.J LafontPranab BardhanRichard HofstadterEd GlaeserClaudia Goldin15184018701930()

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1869-1872Credit Mobilier King of Frauds1874-1876Whisky RingOrville BabcockTammy Hall Political MachineWilliam Tweed1864-1874KKu Klux Klan1920Teapot Scandal1920

19902011 ()

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20052,800 199618702,995 199718722,996 199818723,087 199918723,200 200018733,500 200118793,800 200218804,200 200318814,700 200418885,200 200518985,900 200619026,600 200719197,000 200819237,500 2009192814 years58 years()

()

CNI() ()1910192519711974CNIChina BashingRamirez and Rong2012Ramirez20121996CPICPICNICPICPI1234Constant6.1156.1150.4070.600(0.525)(0.525)(0.543)(0.451)0.0000.0000.4570.189CNI-Politics-366.043(145.089)0.015CNI-January-120.680(47.835)0.015Log CNI-Politics-0.174(0.085)0.045Log CNI-January-0.174(0.085)0.04553535353R0.0760.0760.0790.079CPI

19901870791920