Bak-chiu P-ing kap Chng-thu1 Kiat-ko kap Seng-li2 Bak-chiu-pi kap Ti-liau3 Oan-si kap Kun-si4 Bak-chiu e Po-kian**

Kiat-ko kap Seng-liS-kh:- Bak-chiu l-ng s kan kha-k ti-ch, ki-che s-kak ();- i khan-sit s chhin-chhi ki, jip t bak-chiu-o s-chi;- khoah chha-put-to chit chhn, chhim ku hun (t 105 t)

I i sa tng:- ga-tng si kng-moh (, sclerotic; 19), kap kak moh (, cornea; 9). - T j tng s meh-lok-moh (, choroid; 20), kap hng-chhi (, iris; 11).- T sa tng s bng-moh (, retina; 21).

Kng-moh: s tng koh kian-k chit, teh p-h li-bn khah khai si hi mih.Kak-moh: - s e thang-kng moh, teh khm t gn-ki thu-chng lak hn chit. - Kak-moh-li b huih-kg. - Kak-moh s ti lm-pa-ek li si i chu-ing-liu.- Kak-moh sn-keng b-liu chin che.

Meh-lok-moh:- s khah o-chang-sek.- T chit tng-li huih-kg chin che.- Meh-lok-moh chok-ing s teh i-chh gn-ki.- I i sek-t teh h bak-chiu-li khah m.Hng-chhi (iris):- T kak-moh kap chi-chi-th(6) tiong-kan chhin-chhi mng-l, h che hng-chhi;- khoah chha-put-to pa-chhn;- sek-t tak lng b sio-tng, lng s o, - lm, chang, h-hu, chhiah, ki-n h sek.

Tng-khng ():- Chit hng-chhi tiong-ng chit khang ki-che tng-khng.- Tng-khng -s ta, -s se, s ti hng-chhi chhun-kiu;- t kng s-chi chi kiu se, ki-che tng-khng-siu-siok ();- t m s-chi e chhun ta, ki-che tng-khng-sn-ti ().

Chi-chi-th (,chheng-chucrystalline lens): -T kak-moh u-bn chit liap, mi ki chi-chi-th.- Chit- s chhin-chhi siang-bn phng po-l thu-ki khan-sit;- i l-ng s h kng e si-jip chi t bng-moh.- Chit chi-chi-th e ka-k khah phng khah thap;- kha kn mih chi khah phng, kha hng chi khah p.

Chin-png (anterior chamber; 10), h-png (posterior chamber; 12): - Chi-chi-th kap kak-moh tiong-ng nng png,- chin-png khah ta, s t hng-chhi kap kak-moh tiong-ng;- h-png s khah se, t chi-chi-th kap hng-chhi tiong-ng.- T nng png li-bn, lng chhin-chhi chi chit, ki-che chi-i-ek (, aqueous humor).- Chit chi-i-ek s-sing li-hng, ti h-png, k tng-khng ku chin-png; i ti chin-png khip-siu t chng-meh-li.

Po-l-th-png (vitreous chamber; 18): - T chi-chi-th u-bn, t chi-chi-th kap bng-moh tiong-ng, chit ta-png, p hit tng-bn chin-, h-png khah ta, mi ki po-l-th-png;- t li-bn thang-kng chit, ki-che po-l-the (vitreous).

S-sn-keng:- Chit tiu s-sn-keng s ti nu kh, chiap ku gn-ki po-l-th-png u-bn, chiah pun-khui li che pau gn-ki li-tng, chi-s bng-moh.- Gn-ki lak hn g hn pau bng-moh (, retina).- Bng-moh sui-bng s poh-poh, iu-k thang pun ki-n tng.- N ng kim-gn-ki li gim, e kha-k hit bak-chiu-li s-sn-keng-leng-thu (, optic disc); i e kha-k bng-moh tng-chng-meh.

Oan-si kap Kun-siBak-chiu thang hun che s khan:chi-s-gn (, normal vision eye);an-s-gn (, far-sighted eye);kn-s-gn (, near-sighted eye);lan-s-gn (, astigmatic eye).

Chi-s-gnChi-s-gn s bak-chiu chiu-chng hchi-s jit-kng p-hng-sa n jip t bak-chiu-li, i sio-tim s t-t t bng-moh; s- lng e thang kha bng.

an-s-gnan-s-gn chi-s gn-ki siu t, s- jit-kng p-hng-sa chi-jip t bak-chiu, i sio-tim s t bng-moh-u.

Kn-s-gnKn-s-gn s gn-ki siu tng, s- jit-kng p-hng-sa chi-jip t bak-chiu, i sio-tim s t bng-moh-chng.N-s n-ni chi kha hng khah b bng. Kha mih i theh khah a bak-chiu, s- ki-che kn-s-gn.

Bak-kiaan-s-gn, gn-ki siu t; kn-s-gn, gn-ki siu tng; n n-ni kn-sng k, chi khah e-k-tit.Lng bak-chiu n an-s-gn, tioh ka phng-bn thu-ki bak-ki. n-ni chi jit-kng p-hng-sa sio-tim, e t-t t bng-moh, chi e thang kha bng.Lng bak-chiu n kn-s-gn tioh ng thap-bn thu-ki bak-ki. An-ni chi jit-kng p-hng-sa, i sio-tim e t-t t bng-moh, chi e thang kha bng.

Bak-chiu pi kap ti-liau

Kak-moh-peh-pan

,Kak-moh-peh-pan s kak-moh kh peh- li jia bak-chiu tng-khng, h lng kha be ching cche .

hng-chhi-chhiat-t-stng chhi-sut, chiong hit hng-chhi tm-peh ka-kh-li che khang, chhin-chhi sin tng-khng khan, ki-che hng-chhi-chhiat-t-sutchhi-st liu, i ka che-sek bak-ki

Peh-li-chingPeh-li-ching s in-i chi-chi-th cchut bun de, lng chi chhi-m.

T- tim-chngI-seng teh che bak-chiu chhi-sut s, i tim-tim, m-thang tn-tng ki l li kiu-jiu i-seng. , Bak-chiu chhi-sut liu-u, -s sa s jit m-thang tn-tng, -s che ti-ch.

Bak-chiu p-kin

Hak-seng si j m thang h bak-chiu siu a, che i s hi bak-chiu. T khah m png-keng thang kha chheh