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, ? XXI .
: The Industrial Revolution - A History in Documents, p.51
:May M.(ed) Industrial Revolution. Vol. 3. Primary Sources,
p.30
:The principle of the factory system then is, to substitute
mechanicalscience for hand skill, and the partition of a process
intoits essential constituents, for the division or graduation of
labouramong artisans. On the handicraft plan, labour more or less
skilledwas usually the most expensive element of production but on
theautomatic plan, skilled labour gets progressively superseded,
andwill, eventually, be replaced by mere overlookers of
machines.
Improvements in the machinery have a three-fold bearing:lst.
They make it possible to fabricate some articles which, butfor
them, could not be fabricated at all.2nd. They enable an operative
to turn out a greater quantity ofwork than he could before,time,
labour, and quality of work remainingconstant.3rd. They effect a
substitution of labour comparatively unskilled,for that which is
more skilled.
