Ασιατικές Χώρες

PDF mwlib. http://code.pediapress.com/ .

PDF generated at: Mon, 20 Dec 2010 13:35:42 UTC

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1

: 260160N 291300E26.0333, 29.2167 [1]

: , , , , ()

( )

7.947.121 (2006)300322N 311422E30.0561, 31.2394 [2]

1

.

28 192218 195311 1971, 2007

%

1.001.450 km2 (30)0,632%2.665 .2.450 .

2

2008

75.500.662 [3] (16)82,96 ./km (113)

... (PPP) (2009)

471,509 . $[4] (26)6.147 $[4] (102)

... () (2009)

187,956 . $[4] (43)2.450 $[4] (113)

(2007) 0,703 (123) (EGP)

(UTC +2)(UTC +3)

Internet TLD .eg +20 1

(: -, ) , , () . ' , . 1.001.450 km2. , . .H . 75.500.662 [5] , 40.000 km2, . . , (), . , . , . . , , , , , , . , , , , .

3

Kemet (km.t), , , (dsr.t) [6] . kmi km () (Khma)[7] . t3-mry, [8] . Ta-Sheme'aw (t3-mw), , Ta-Mehew (t3 mw), , . a-ku-pi-ti-yo, . , qub qub . () Hikuptah, Hwt-ka-Ptah (wt-k3-pt), (ka) , [9] . , , , () (). Mir, ( Mar, , , (Mitzryim), , [10] . , , .

. : , , . , , , , , , , [11] , , , , . . , ' , . 1949, ( ) , 1947, . 1967. 1973, , . ( ) (1979) 1967 1982. 2001-2 .

4

, . , [12] . , [13] . Fekri Edwin et al [14] . , , [15] . , , - [16] . Qustul, 7 [17] [18] . 1996 Lovell Prowse , , , ' [19] . , Qustul [20] . , . Toby Wilkonson, [21] . , . Kendall Wilkinson Qustul , , 8.000[22] . , , , , [23] [24] .

, 1958, () . . . 1961 . . 2 1971, [25] .

5

, . 1981 . . 18 . [26] .

2010 (Shura) 1 8 2010 . 264 , 88 , 44 . 446 , 115 331 .[27]

1 2

(Al'Hizb Al Watani Al Democrati) 74 6 80

(Hizb al Tagammo' al Watani al Taqadommi alWahdwawi)

1 0 1

(Hizb al-Ghad) 1 0 1

1 0 1

(Hizb El-Geel al-Democrati) 1 0 1

44

0 4 4

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,

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6

, , , , 37% ... 18%.

49%, 16%. , ...

, , , , , , , ( ) 10 . 350 200 .

, , . .[28] 92.000 . . 85 ( 2008). 2007 3 .

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.

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[1] http:/ / toolserver. org/ ~geohack/ geohack. php?language=el&

pagename=%CE%91%CE%AF%CE%B3%CF%85%CF%80%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82& params=26. 0333_N_29. 2167_E_type:country[2] http:/ / toolserver. org/ ~geohack/ geohack. php?language=el&

pagename=%CE%91%CE%AF%CE%B3%CF%85%CF%80%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82& params=30. 0561_N_31.2394_E_type:city(7734602)

[3] Central Agency for Population Mobilisation and Statistics - Population Clock ( 2008) (http:/ / www. msrintranet. capmas. gov. eg/ pls/fdl/ tst12e?action=& lname=)

[4] World Economic Outlook Database (http:/ / www. imf. org/ external/ pubs/ ft/ weo/ 2009/ 02/ weodata/ weorept. aspx?sy=2009& ey=2009&scsm=1& ssd=1& sort=country& ds=,& br=1& pr1. x=35& pr1. y=10& c=469& s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC,LP& grp=0& a=). ( 2009) ( 18-10-2009 )

[5] Central Agency for Population Mobilisation and Statistics - Population Clock ( 2008)[6] Rosalie, David (1997). Pyramid Builders of Ancient Egypt: A Modern Investigation of Pharaoh's Workforce. Routledge. p. 18.

7

[7] "A Brief History of Alchemy". UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL SCHOOL OF CHEMISTRY. http:/ / www. chm. bris. ac. uk/ webprojects2002/crabb/ history. html. Retrieved 2008-08-21.

[8] Breasted, James Henry; Peter A. Piccione (2001). Ancient Records of Egypt. University of Illinois Press. pp. 76;40. ISBN978-0-252-06975-8. http:/ / books. google. com/ books?id=bT0q7nt1-gUC& client=firefox-a.

[9] Hoffmeier, James K (October 1, 2007). "Rameses of the exodus narratives is the 13th B.C. Royal Ramessid Residence". Trinity Journal: 1.http:/ / findarticles. com/ p/ articles/ mi_qa3803/ is_200710/ ai_n21137941/ pg_2.

[10] Biblical Hebrew E-Magazine. January, 2005.[11] . .[12] Hoffman. "Egypt before the pharaohs: the prehistoric foundations of Egyptian civilization", pp267.[13] Redford, Egypt, Israel, p. 17.[14] Edwin C. M et. al, "Egypt and the Levant", pp514.[15] Toby A.H. Wilkinson. " Early Dynastic Egypt: Strategies, Society and Security", pp.15.[16] Hunting for the Elusive Nubian A-Group People - by Maria Gatto, archaeology.org.[17] Egypt and Sub-Saharan Africa: Their Interaction - Encyclopedia of Precolonial Africa, by Joseph O. Vogel, AltaMira Press, (1997), pp.

465-472.[18] Journal of Near Eastern Studies, Vol. 46, No. 1 (Jan., 1987), pp. 15-26.[19] Tracy L. Prowse, Nancy C. Lovell. Concordance of cranial and dental morphological traits and evidence for endogamy in ancient Egypt,

American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 101, Issue 2, October 1996, Pages: 237-246.[20] Wegner, J. W. 1996. Interaction between the Nubian A-Group and Predynastic Egypt: The Significance of the Qustul Incense Burner. In T.

Celenko, Ed., Egypt in Africa: 98-100. Indianapolis: Indianapolis Museum of Art/Indiana University Press.[21] Genesis of the Pharaohs: Genesis of the Ka and Crowns? - Review by Timothy Kendall, American Archaeologist.[22] http:/ / www. comp-archaeology. org/ WendorfSAA98. html[23] Ancient Astronomy in Africa.[24] Wendorf, Fred (2001). Holocene Settlement of the Egyptian Sahara. Springer. pp. 525. ISBN 0-306-46612-0. http:/ / books. google. com/

books?id=qUk0GyDJRCoC& pg=PA525& dq=nabta+ playa+ sub-saharan& sig=I0g-2CzdwuyL0YG5NJCT0drbHOM.[25] 192 - UNRIC (http:/ / www. unric. org/ el/ about-un-greek/ 28)[26] CIA World Fact Book (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ eg. html)[27] Shura Council elections to kick off Tuesday (http:/ / www. almasryalyoum. com/ en/ news/ shura-council-elections-kick-tuesday),

31-5-2010.[28] (http:/ / travel. state. gov/ travel/ cis_pa_tw/ cis/ cis_1108. html)

bjn:Mesir

8

: Azrbaycan Respublikasnn Dvlt Himni( )

( )

2.100.000 [1]402247N 495328E40.379571, 49.891233 [2]

- - -

30 199118 199112 1995

%

86.600 km2 (113)1,6%2.013 .

9

2009 1999

9,047,000[3] (92)7,953,438[]95 ./km (103)

... (PPP) (2009)

81,730 . $[4] (72)9.352 $[4] (82)

... () (2009)

42,505 . $[4] (75)4.864 $[4] (82)

(2007) 0,787 (86) (AZN)

(UTC +4)(UTC +5)

Internet TLD .az +994 -.

86.600 km 9.000.000( 2010)[] [] . . . ( ).

, , . , "tereptahe ashaon fravashm azamaide", " -". ( ), " ". , " ".

, : [] 900 700 .. .

10

252 .., , 4 . , , 9 . , 667. , , , . 11 , , 1030. , . 17 . , , . , . , . , , ( ) ( ). , , , .

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11

1992 . . , , . 99% . . 1993. . . . 1994 1995 . , . 1995 . - , . 1998 2003.

. 2009, . 18 . 12 1995 24 2002.

2009 18 2009 . .[5] 92% .[6]

12

2008 15 2008. 400 .[7] 88,73% . " ", , .[8]

, 15 2008[9]

( ) 3.230.340 88,73%

104.163 2,86%

89.953 2,47%

82.981 2,28%

81.110 2,23%

- 28.402 0,78%

23.753 0,65%

3.640.702 100,00%

75,64%

2010 7 2010. .[10] , 73 125 .[11]

(Yeni Azrbaycan Partiyas) 1.104.528 45,8 72

(Vtnda Hmryliyi Partiyas) 37.994 1,6 3

(Ana Vtn Partiyas) 32.935 1,4 2

(Msavat Partiyas) 42.551 1,8

(Azrbaycan Xalq Cbhsi Partiyas) 31.068 1,3

, ,

1.160.053 48.2 48

( 50,1%) 2.409.129 100,0 125

: Adam Carr's Election Archive [12]

13

2009 66,66 (62,53 71,34 ).

. . .

.

[1] (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20071212093910/ http:/ / www. baku-online. com/ ru/ baku. htm) ( 15-07-2007 )[2] http:/ / toolserver. org/ ~geohack/ geohack. php?language=el&

pagename=%CE%91%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%8A%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%AC%CE%BD&params=40. 379571_N_49. 891233_E_type:isle_source:dewiki

[3] 9 . 47 . (http:/ / 1news. az/ society/ 20100708020139241. html). News.Az (2010)( 2010-07-15 )


[5] "Azerbaijani Parliament Approves Referendum On Presidential Term Limit" (http:/ / www. rferl. org/ content/Azerbaijani_Parliament_Approves_Referendum_On_Presidential_Term_Limit/ 1364057. html), Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 26 2008.

[6] "Azeris end president's term limit" (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ europe/ 7949327. stm), BBC News, 18 2009.[7] (http:/ / www. kathimerini. gr/ 4dcgi/ _w_articles_kathremote_1_15/ 10/ 2008_252245),

, 15 2008.[8] (http:/ / www. ethnos. gr/ article. asp?catid=11381& subid=2& tag=8470& pubid=1730572#), " "

, 16 2008.

14

[9] "Sekilr" nformasiya Mrkzi (http:/ / www. infocenter. gov. az/ v3/ index. php) ( ). "Election" Information Center( 16-10-2008 )

[10] http:/ / english. aljazeera. net/ video/ asia/ 2010/ 11/ 201011875513920574. html[11] http:/ / www. presstv. ir/ detail/ 150073. html[12] http:/ / psephos. adam-carr. net/ countries/ a/ azerbaijan/ azerbaijan2010. txt

gag:Azerbaycan

15

: 85800S 1254500E-8.9667, 125.75 [1]

: '"Unidade, Aco, Progresso"( )(", , ")

: 'Ptria ()

( )

835S 12536E-8.583, 125.6 [2]

, 1

28 197520 200222 2002

%

15.007 km2 (158)

2009

1.131.612[3] (152)75,41 ./km (123)

16

... (PPP) (2009)

2,745 . $[4] (160)2.526 $[4] (135)

... () (2009)

0,599 . $[4] (172)551 $[4] (158)

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( -, : ) . . 15.007 . . 1.131.612 (152 ). 2009 (800.000).[3]

16 , 1975, . 1999 2002.

1.131.612 ( 2009). 2,027%( 2009). 26,25 /1000 (. 2009) 6,02/1000 ( 2008). 2002 , , 90%. 5% , .. . 2009 67,27 (64,92 69,75 ).[3]

1 : : Eid ul-Adha -: 20 : ... -: - 1 : 2 :

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pagename=%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%A4%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%81&params=-8. 9667_N_125. 75_E_type:country

[2] http:/ / toolserver. org/ ~geohack/ geohack. php?language=el&pagename=%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%A4%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%81&params=8_35_S_125_36_E_type:city

[3] Timor-Leste (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ tt. html) CIA World Factbook

18


[5] in.gr (http:/ / www. in. gr/ news/ article. asp?lngEntityID=872221& lngDtrID=253), ' , 11 2008.

Noam Chomsky, Edward S.Herman, 1979, The Political Economy of Human Rights (2 ), Boston: South End

Press, Montreal: Black Rose Books Jill Jolliffe, 1978, East Timor:Nationalism and Colonialism ( : ),

University of Queensland Press, bjn:Timor Lorosa'

19

: Mer Hayrenik

( )

1.107.8004016N 4434E40.267, 44.567 [1]

23 199121 199125 19915 1991

20

%

29.800 km2 (141)4,71%1.254 .

2009 2001

2.967.004[2] (133)3.002.594[3]99,7 ./km (99)

... (PPP) (2009)

16,057 . $[4] (126)4.916 $[4] (109)

... () (2009)

8,683 . $[4] (126)2.658 $[4] (108)

(2007) 0,798 (84) (AMD)

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23

, 1908 . . 1914 .[16]

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' , , . 24 1915 . 29 1915 , . , , " ". . , , . , , . 30.000 1,5 . 30 . 24 , . ' , 1917. , , , 1918, . , 28 1918 .

24

.

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,

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, . ' , . 150.000 .[17] . , , . , , . 1954. ' 1955. 1967 . 50 1965.

26

1988.

'80, , . -, 1923. .

. 7,2 1988 50.000 .

( ) . 1990 , . , , . , . 17 1991 , , , 78% .[18]

1991 . - 23 1991. , . , . 85% .[19] 1993 .[20]

1994 . 14% , .[21] . . .

27

, . , . 2008 28 .[22] , . , , , .

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, . , . . , : , " " . " " "", . . 18 .[2] . 1995, , . Freedom House " " " ".[23] 2008 , - . . - , , .

, : . - 1990.[24] , . , . 1993. .[24]

, . , , ,[25]

28

. , . , . , 2000 385.488 ,[26] . , , . 2005 64% ..[27] ..[28] .[25] , , , .. .[29]

, , . 1991 1992. . , , . 60.000 , 32.000 " " 350.000. , . , . , 15 59 . , , 1992. 1993 , 1993 . , , , , . KFOR .[30] 46 .[31]

( ), . () . , . 953 , 48 932 , 871 61.[32]

29

1. () () 2,753 km 126,278

2. () () 2,096 km 252,665

3. () () 1,242 km 255,861

4. () () 5,348 km 215,371

5. () () 2,089 km 241,337

6. () () 3,789 km 253,351

7. () () 2,681 km 257,242

8. () () 4,506 km 134,061

9. () () 2,704 km 121,963

10. ( ) () 2,308 km 53,230

11. () 227 km 1,091,235

30

, . .

.

, 30.000 . ., ( 400.000. .) " " . , . , . (4.095 ) 400 . ,1.900 .

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31

. . . . . . . . .. . . .

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: BBC Weather[33]

. , , , , , , . , . 20% 1991, , .[14]

Water World .

,, . , , . . , .

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, . , . , 1988, 50.000 500.000 , . - , , . . 60% 1989 1993. , , 1993. , (trafficking) .

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32

. . , , . 1993 1,1 . 1994 , 1997 . 5 2003. , , . 15%, . 2007 Corruption Perceptions Index , Transparency International 99 197 .[34] [35] 80 , .[36] " " 28 , , .[22]

3.215.800 ( 2006) . , . , , , . 2010. 97,9% . ( ) 1,3% ( 40.000 ) 0,5%. , , , , , . , , , . , .[37] , ( 2,5% 1989[38] )., - . , .

33

2009 72,68 (69,06 76,81 ).[2] , 2007:[39]

: 0-14 : 10.5 % (307610

, 271381 ) 15-64 : 69.3 % (962126

, 1098192 ) + 65 : 10.6 % (132705

, 199636 )

: - 0.129 % : 12,34 : 8,29

:

: 21,69 : 26,69 : 15,91

: 1,34

: - 5,34

(2001):

: 0.6 % : 0.3 % : 0.8 %

(8 , 3 ), . , , , , , , , , , , , . 40.000 , .[40] 1.000 , .[41] (San Lazzaro degli Armeni, ), , , .[42] , 130.000 -, .[43]

34

, 1923

19 , , , 10.000, 60.000-80.000. ' , . , .

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301.

.

. 1 .. . , , , 40-60 .. , . , 4 , 301. 93% , . , . ( ,180.000 ), , . - . . 750 , , .

.

35

. 405.. , . 96% , 75,8% , .

16.000 . , . , , . . , , Serenade Orchestra. , . . , , . , , . , , . , , . -, , .. . . , , .

, , Cher. System of a Down , . , , . , , , ' ' . MiG MiG-21, ( ) . , .

36

, , . , 1991 , . . , , . . , . " ". .

. . , . , . , , , . , , .

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37

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.


pagename=%CE%91%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1& params=40_16_N_44_34_E_type:city[2] CIA World Fact Book (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ am. html)[3] 2001 (http:/ / docs. armstat. am/ census/ engcontent. php)[4] World Economic Outlook Database (http:/ / www. imf. org/ external/ pubs/ ft/ weo/ 2009/ 02/ weodata/ weorept. aspx?sy=2009&

ey=2009& scsm=1& ssd=1& sort=country& ds=,& br=1& pr1. x=35& pr1. y=10& c=911& s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC,LP&grp=0& a=). ( 2009) ( 18-10-2009 )

[5] . , CIA (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ am. html#Geo) Encyclopdia Britannica (http:/ /concise. britannica. com/ ebc/ article-9355805/ Armenia). , Oxford Reference Online (http:/ / www.oxfordreference. com/ views/ ENTRY. html?entry=t186. e21064& srn=1& ssid=416740626#FIRSTHIT), Merriam-Webster's CollegiateDictionary (http:/ / www. m-w. com/ dictionary/ Armenia) www.worldatlas.com (http:/ / www. worldatlas. com) .

[6] Grousset, Ren (1947). Histoire de l'Armnie (1984 edition ). Payot. .. 122.. 284 314.

[7] Razmik Panossian, The Armenians: From Kings And Priests to Merchants And Commissars, Columbia University Press (2006),ISBN 978-0-231-13926-7, . 106.

[8] " Chahin, Mark (2001). The Kingdom of Armenia. London: Routledge. .. 203.ISBN 0-7007-1452-9.

[9] . . .IV.v.2-9.[10] Kurkjian, Vahan (1958). History of Armenia (http:/ / penelope. uchicago. edu/ Thayer/ E/ Gazetteer/ Places/ Asia/ Armenia/ _Texts/

KURARM/ home. html) (. 1964 ). Michigan: Armenian General Benevolent Union. .[11] . : . 1987. .v. 12.[12] Movsisyan, Artak (2000). Sacred Highland: Armenia in the spiritual conception of the Near East. Yerevan.[13] Kavoukjian, Martiros (1982). The Genesis of Armenian People. Montreal.[14] The World Factbook: Armenia (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ am. html). CIA (

2007-11-15 )[15] Brunner, Borgna. Time Almanac with Information Please 2007. .. 685. ISBN 193340549X.[16] Kirakosian, J. S. (1972) ( ). Hayastane michazkayin divanakitut'yan ew sovetakan artakin kaghakakanut'yan

pastateghterum, 1828-1923 ( , 1828-1923).Yerevan. .. 149-358.

38

[17] Walker, Christopher J. Armenia: The Survival of a Nation. , Palgrave Macmillan, 1990. . 355356. ISBN0-312-04230-2

[18] Baltic states, Armenia, Georgia, and Moldova boycott USSR referendum. (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20070930035329/ http:/ /www. ukrweekly. com/ Archive/ 1998/ 129805. shtml) ( 06-02-2007 )

[19] Croissant, Michael P. (1998). The Armenia-Azerbaijan Conflict: Causes and Implications. London: Praeger. ISBN 0-275-96241-5.[20] The Ties That Divide (http:/ / www. globalheritagefund. org/ news/ GHF_in_the_news/ economist_ties_that_divide_june_17_06. asp).

Global Heritage Fund (2006-06-17)[21] De Waal, Thomas. Black Garden: Armenia And Azerbaijan Through Peace and War. : New York University Press.

.. 240. ISBN 0-8147-1945-7.[22] 2008 (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20080204123131/ http:/ / www. heritage. org/ research/ features/

index/ ). The Heritage Foundation[23] Freedom in the World 2007 (http:/ / www. freedomhouse. org/ uploads/ press_release/ fiw07_charts. pdf). Freedom House (

2007-02-20 )[24] Nagorno-Karabakh: The Crisis in the Caucasus (http:/ / www. cfr. org/ publication/ 9148/ ) ( 2007-04-06 )[25] "Baku and Moscow - 'One Hundred Percent Strategic Partners'" (http:/ / www. hetq. am/ eng/ politics/ 0602-az. html). Hetq Online.

2006-02-27. . 2006-02-27.[26] EuroAmerican.net (http:/ / www. euroamericans. net/ euroamericans. net/ armenian census. htm),

2000 385.488 .[27] RFE/RL Caucasus Report (http:/ / www. armeniaforeignministry. am/ news/ inthenews/ 050107_eu. html).

(2005-01-07)[28] " " (http:/ / www. arminfo. am/ political-issue22.

html). ArmInfo News Agency. 2005-10-26. .[29] " .., , " (http:/ / news. xinhuanet. com/ english/ 2006-04/ 24/

content_4468385. htm). Xinhua News Agency. 2006-04-24. .[30] KFOR Contingent: Armenia (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20061218030027/ http:/ / www. nato. int/ kfor/ kfor/ nations/ armenia. htm).

KFOR (24 2006) ( 2007-03-11 )[31] "Armenian defence minister to visit Iraq as Armenia to extend small troop presence" (http:/ / library. aua. am/ library/ news/ archive/

2006_11-14. htm). Associated Press. 13 2006. . 2007-02-20.[32] ( ) (http:/ / www. armenianembassy. ru/ admin. html) ().

(1999)[33] la BBC Weather (http:/ / www. bbc. co. uk/ weather/ world/ city_guides/ results. shtml?tt=TT004530).[34] Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 2006 (http:/ / www. transparency. org/ policy_research/ surveys_indices/ cpi/

2006)[35] Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 2003 (http:/ / www. transparency. org/ policy_research/ surveys_indices/ cpi/

2003)[36] 2007/2008 Reports - Armenia (http:/ / hdrstats. undp. org/ countries/ data_sheets/ cty_ds_ARM. html). UNDP[37] Asatryan, Garnik; Arakelova, Victoria (2002). The Ethnic Minorities of Armenia. Routledge., .[38] 1989 (http:/ / demoscope. ru/ weekly/ ssp/ sng_nac_89. php?reg=13), Demoscope.ru[39] CIA Factbook (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ am. html#People)[40] Turay, Anna. Tarihte Ermeniler (http:/ / www. bolsohays. com/ webac. asp?referans=1). Bolsohays:Istanbul Armenians (http:/ / www.

bolsohays. com) ( 2007-01-04 )[41] : . (http:/ / www. jewishvirtuallibrary. org/ jsource/ Society_& _Culture/ geo/

armenianq. html). Jewish Virtual Library[42] San Lazzaro degli Armeni - Venice for Visitors (http:/ / europeforvisitors. com/ venice/ articles/ san_lazzaro_degli_armeni. htm)[43] Nationmaster.com: Azerbaijan (http:/ / www. nationmaster. com/ country/ aj/ People)[44] http:/ / www. armenians. gr/ index1024. html ]

39

(http:/ / www. gov. am/ enversion/ index. html) (http:/ / www. president. am/ president/ eng) (http:/ / www. parliament. am/ ) (http:/ / www. armeniaforeignministry. com) (http:/ / www. nature-ic. am/ ) Armeniainfo.am, (http:/ / www. armeniainfo. am) (http:/ / www. armtv. com/ cover/ eng/ ) (http:/ / www. armstat. am/ ) , (http:/ / armenianembassy. info) (http:/ / www. greekembassy. am/ ) (http:/ / www. armenians. gr/ index1024. html) (http:/ / www. ayf. gr/ gr/ index. asp) (http:/ / www. armeniadiaspora. com/ ) Armeniapedia.org - Armenian wiki (http:/ / www. armeniapedia. org) ( ) CIA Factbook (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ am. html)

Armenia (http:/ / en. wikipedia. org/ wiki/ Armenia) , GNU FDL CC-BY-SA 3.0 (http:/ / creativecommons. org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3. 0/ ). (/ (http:/ / en. wikipedia. org/ wiki/ Armenia)).

gag:Armeniya

40

: 335560N 661060E33.9333, 66.1833 [1]

: Soroud-e Melli

( )

343159N 690958E34.533, 69.166 [2]

,

19 191926 2004 ()

%

647.500 km2 (41)05.529 .

2009

33.609.937[3] (37)51,9 ./km (147)

... (PPP) (2009)

25,123 . $[4] (107)870 $[4] (172)

41

... () (2009)

13,318 . $[4] (107)461 $[4] (164)

(2007) 0,352 (181) (AFN) D (UTC +4:30)Internet TLD .af +93

, (: ,: ) . , , 1680 ., , , 80 ., , 320 ., 1810 . , 820. 647.500 km. ( 45 ) 33.609.937 (. 2009)[3] . .

. ( ) 360 . , , . 647.500 .. 1.240 . 1.015 . , , , - , . .

2/3 2000 , , (Hindu Kush) 800 . , - : , . , 6.504 ., (4.231 .) (4.145 .).

42

-

, , () 100.000 .. , 550 . , . -. :

1. - , . .

2. , , - ,

3. 4. ,

.

, :1. 2. , 3. , (). , .

, ( ) , , , . ( - ). 49C() , -31C ( ), . , .

43

(1961-2003) FAOSTAT.

50 , . 1930 . (), , , , . , -, . , .

2009 44,64 (44,47 44,81 ).[3]

10 - 11 , . 6 .. , , , , , , , , , , . 7 18 , , . . 14 . , , . 19 . , ., 1842 , , 1878-1880, . - 1919 . . 1973 , , , 1978. , . 1980 . . . , , , .[5] .[6] 1989 . 1996 . 2001 .[7] [8]

44

11 2001 , . , 2003 NATO.[9] 2004 . . . .[10]

(2.413.000 [11] , 2009). 358.845 . . : (395.877 .), - , (300.467 .), (147.474 .), (76.968 .), .

34 ( ). .

1 18

2 19

3 20

4 21

5 22

6 23

7 24

8 25

9 26

10 27

11 28

12 29

13 30

14 31 -

15 32

16 33

17 34

45

, . , . 6 . . .

. . . 7 2004 ( ) ( ). 2006 .

18 .[3] .

2009 20 2009. 2004. 2009 420 . 15,6 35-38% .[12] , .[13] [14] O NATO, " ". [15] , , .[16] . 23 , , .[17]

25 10% 41% 39% .[18]

6 74,2% , :[19] [20]

~2.080.000 , 48,6% ~1.360.000 , 31,7% 457.909 , ~11%/. ,

50% (54% , 92% ), . , [21] .

2009, , (ECC) (ICC). , 50%. 7 . [22] 1 , .[23] , , , .[24]

46

2010 18 2010. 31 .[25] 20% , .[26] , , 24 2010 , , .[27]

249

249

: IEC [28]

. , , , , , , , . 14,022 . $ ( , 107 , 2009). 812 $[4] . .


pagename=%CE%91%CF%86%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD& params=33. 9333_N_66.1833_E_type:country

[2] http:/ / toolserver. org/ ~geohack/ geohack. php?language=el&pagename=%CE%91%CF%86%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD& params=34. 533_N_69.166_E_type:city

[3] (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ af. html) CIA World Factbook[4] World Economic Outlook Database (http:/ / www. imf. org/ external/ pubs/ ft/ weo/ 2009/ 02/ weodata/ weorept. aspx?sy=2009& ey=2009&

scsm=1& ssd=1& sort=country& ds=,& br=1& pr1. x=35& pr1. y=10& c=512& s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC,LP& grp=0& a=). ( 2009) ( 18-10-2009 )

[5] (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ south_asia/ 1162108. stm) BBC[6] - 1973-2007 (http:/ / www. unhcr. org/ cgi-bin/ texis/ vtx/ afghan?page=history)

[7] , (http:/ / www. in. gr/ news/ article.

asp?lngEntityID=182071) in.gr 9/3/2001[8] (http:/ / whc. unesco. org/ en/ list/ 208) UNESCO[9] NATO's role in Afghanistan (http:/ / www. nato. int/ cps/ en/ natolive/ topics_8189. htm) NATO[10] (http:/ / www. unhcr. org/ cgi-bin/ texis/ vtx/ afghan?page=home)

[11] (http:/ / www. world-gazetteer. com/ wg. php?x=& men=gcis& lng=en& des=wg& geo=-13& srt=npan&

col=abcdefghinoq& msz=1500& pt=c& va=& srt=pnan) World Gazetteer[12] NATO: 15.6 million Afghans are registered to vote (http:/ / www. google. com/ hostednews/ ap/ article/

ALeqM5g5nE4AM62u9uJXHrH7AAgYqHOqXQD96RTSS80). Associated Press (11-03-2009) ( 12-03-2009 )[13] Gopal, Anand (24-12-2008). "Afghan voter registration marred" (http:/ / www. csmonitor. com/ 2008/ 1224/ p06s01-wosc. html). The

Christian Science Monitor. . 18-08-2009.[14] Afghanistan votes amid fear of Taleban attacks and alleged fraud (http:/ / www. timesonline. co. uk/ tol/ news/ world/ Afghanistan/

article6802683. ece)[15] z.gr (http:/ / www. nooz. gr/ page. ashx?pid=9& aid=313790& cid=0)[16] Xinhua (http:/ / news. xinhuanet. com/ english/ 2009-08/ 23/ content_11931599. htm)[17] (http:/ / news. kathimerini. gr/ 4dcgi/ _w_articles_world_1_23/ 08/ 2009_326667), , 23

2009.

47

[18] CBC News - World - Karzai leads in early Afghan election results (http:/ / www. cbc. ca/ world/ story/ 2009/ 08/ 25/afghanistan-election-results025. html)

[19] BBC NEWS | South Asia | Karzai closer to Afghan poll win (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ south_asia/ 8240534. stm)[20] Karzai baut Vorsprung weiter aus (International, NZZ Online) (http:/ / www. nzz. ch/ nachrichten/ international/

karzai_baut_vorsprung_weiter_aus_1. 3503249. html)[21] (http:/ / www. tovima. gr/ default. asp?pid=41& nid=1050459),

, 8 2009.[22] bbc.co.uk (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ south_asia/ 8316487. stm), Afghan election goes to run-off 20 2009[23] Guardian (http:/ / www. guardian. co. uk/ world/ 2009/ nov/ 01/ afghan-election-karzai-abdullah) Afghanistan election challenger Abdullah

Abdullah pulls out of runoff 1 2009[24] in.gr (http:/ / www. in. gr/ news/ article. asp?lngEntityID=1070305),

2 2009[25] Recount ordered in seven Afghan provinces (http:/ / www. abc. net. au/ news/ stories/ 2010/ 09/ 27/ 3023248. htm?section=justin)[26] http:/ / english. aljazeera. net/ news/ asia/ 2010/ 10/ 2010102081458138520. html[27] (http:/ / www. enet. gr/ ?i=news. el. kosmos& id=227137),

, 24-11-2010.[28] http:/ / www. iec. org. af/ results_10/ eng/

(http:/ / www. afghanland. com/ ) () (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ south_asia/ country_profiles/ 1162668. stm) BBC

() (http:/ / www. ethnologue. com/ show_country. asp?name=AF) () ' Melancholic Troglodytes (http:/ / rioter. info/

2009/ 11/ 21/ ----/ )gag:Afganistan

48

: 140160N 1075400E14.0333, 107.9 [1]

: 'c lp - T do - Hnh phc" - - "

: Tien Quan Ca

2120N 105510E21.03333, 105.85 [2]

2 194515 1992

%

331.690[3] km2 (65)1,34,639 .3.4441 .

2009 1999

86.967.524[4] (13)76.323.173[5]273 ./km (43)

49

... (PPP) (2009)

255,773 . $[6] (41)2.933 $[6] (128)

... () (2009)

91,764 . $[6] (59)1.052 $[6] (138)

(2007) 0,725 (116) () (VND) (UTC +7)Internet TLD .vn +84

.

. , , , .

To '[]] 331.688 . (), () (). , . S, ( ) 1.650 . 50 . 3.260 , . , , 20% . , , , 15.000 . , (3.143 ) . Giai Truong Son ( ), .

86.967.524 (13 )[4] . 273/km 0.977% ( 2009). 16,47 /1000 6,18 /1000 ( 2008). 2009 71,58 (68,78 74,57 ).[4]

50

(1961-2003) FAOSTAT.

Sword Magical .

(: Communist Party of Vietnam - CPV). . , . 24 2007 98,78% . 20 2007.

2007

(Mt Trn T Quc Vit Nam) (ng Cng sn Vit Nam) (42 )

492

1

493

51

89,2 . , , 2009[6] . 1.019 $.

2008 44 1 . .


pagename=%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BC& params=14. 0333_N_107. 9_E_type:country[2] http:/ / toolserver. org/ ~geohack/ geohack. php?language=el&

pagename=%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BC& params=21_2_0_N_105_51_0_E_type:city_region:VT[3] - (http:/ / www. chinhphu. vn/ portal/ page?_pageid=439,1090503& _dad=portal&

_schema=PORTAL)[4] (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ vm. html) CIA World Factbook[5] - 1999 (http:/ / www. gso. gov. vn/ default_en. aspx?tabid=476& idmid=4& ItemID=1841)[6] World Economic Outlook Database (http:/ / www. imf. org/ external/ pubs/ ft/ weo/ 2009/ 02/ weodata/ weorept. aspx?sy=2009& ey=2009&


- (http:/ / www. chinhphu. vn/ portal/

page?_pageid=439,1090495& _dad=portal& _schema=PORTAL) () BBC (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ asia-pacific/ country_profiles/ 1243338. stm)

()bjn:Vietnam

52

: 2106N 9527E21.1, 95.45 [1]

: Kaba Ma Kyei(" ")

1945N 966E19.75, 96.1 [2]

()

.

4 1948 2008

53

%

676.578 km2 (40)3,065.876 .1.930 .

2009 1983

48.138.741[3] . (24)33.234.00070,9 ./km (126)

... (PPP) (2009)

71,965 . $[4] (79)1.200 $[4] (162)

... () (2009)

26,523 . $[4] (87)442 $[4] (167)

(2007) 0,586 (138) (K (mmK)) (UTC +6:30)Internet TLD .mm +95 . AIDS. .

[5] ( ) 676.578 km 48.138.741, 2009. , , , . . , 1.930 , . 4 1948 . 4 1974, 23 1988. 18 1989, " ". 1989 . 2007, , . , 28 14 . 6 2005, (Naypyidaw). , . 7 2010 20 . . .

54

20

. . 9 . . .. , . , , . 9 . -. 9 . , (849). (849-1287) 11 . (1044-1287). (1287-1299). 18 . , , , 1539-1541 . , 1752 . 1752-1760 . 1816-1824 . (1824-26, 1852, 1885), .

, . , , . .

55

20 20 . , 1930 , . (1942-45). 1944-45. , 1947. , 1947, , . 1948.

, (1949-1955). 1960 , 1962, . 1974 , . , . 1981 , , BSPP. , . 1988 , .

56

21

2007

. :

2007 19 , , . . 22 500 , 2003 ' . 20.000 .

24 100.000 . 22 . 22 1988 ' . 9 .. 5 .. . .' , . , , , . 26 , . . . 27 , . , . . 30 , . .

57

.

. - , . , , . , , . . , .

&

, , , , . 2007 150 . . . , , . Total Chevron. . , , Total. . 2007, , , 1.207 .. . , 2008, .

58

2008 100.000 ( ) 1.000.000 .[6]

.

, . , -, , , , , 5.800 . , (5.967 .). , 2.000 ., , , , , . , -, . (2.704 .) (3.053 .). , 1.000-1.200 . 2.000-2.500 . (2.080 .), (2.075 .). , , .

(2.090 .) , , - , , . , 411.000 .., , . (420 .) , . (2.400 .), , , - . , , , , , ..

. , , -. , 500-1.000 mm 2.500 mm , 5.000 mm . , 25C 26,7C , 2.616 mm. .

59

- , , . , 1.000 . ( ), 2.000 mm ( ) " " ( ). 49% (1992). : , , , , , , , , , .. , , , (, , ,, ) , .

1974, , . (SLORC) 1988, , SLORC NLD 1991. . 18 .[3] .

FM 27 2009.[7]

. 1962-88 , 1990 . 2001 63 , 1.500 . 42%, 17% 41%. 6 . , (1 = 100 ). - 2002 : 1 U.S. $ = 6,8581 K ().

( - ) - 15% , . . , , , , , , , , .

60

, 250 , . , . , , , . , .

, . , , , , , , , , , , .

, (, , , ..). ( ). 2000 4,766 KWh.

: 2001 1,8 . , 2,2 . , , ( 50% ), (21% ), , . , , , , , , , , , , , .

- 65% , 10% 25% . - 2000 3.991 . 28.200 ., 3.440 . 2001 8 . (12.800 .) . , 1.400 ., , , , 3.300 . , , . , , . 250.000 ( 168,9 .), 4.200.000 ( 10,05 ) 320.000 ( 131,9.).

61

.

2002 42.238.224 . 62,2 . .., , 77-97 . .., . : 28,6% 15 , 66,6% 15-64 4,8% 65 . 27% , , 73%, . 2002 53,85 57,07 . 7,21%, 1,96% 1,22%. 2002 0,56%. 2009 63,39 (61,17 65,74 ).[3]

, 69% , , . , , 8,5% , , 6,2% , , 4,5%, , 2,4%, , , , , , , , , 5,8%.

, 89% , . 4% , , , .

62

, , , .. . 100.

20 . , , 486.432. , 93,5% , 3,7% 2,8% . . 2000 2,1% 39 .

, .

, , . , , , . (, ,, .). , , , .


pagename=%CE%92%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1& params=21. 1_N_95. 45_E_type:country[2] http:/ / toolserver. org/ ~geohack/ geohack. php?language=el&

pagename=%CE%92%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1& params=19_45_N_96_6_E_type:city[3] CIA World Factbook (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ bm. html)[4] World Economic Outlook Database (http:/ / www. imf. org/ external/ pubs/ ft/ weo/ 2009/ 02/ weodata/ weorept. aspx?sy=2009& ey=2009&


[5] , (http:/ / publications. europa. eu/ code/ el/ el-5000500. htm) -

[6] (http:/ / news. pathfinder. gr/ world/ news/ 475615. html). Pathfinder News (14 2008) ( 14-09-2009 )

[7] (http:/ / www. express. gr/ news/ world/ 150224oz_20090330150224. php3) , : F , 30 2009.

63

(http:/ / tovima. dolnet. gr/ print_article. php?e=B& f=12866& m=T08& aa=1)

LP Live-Pedia. ( (http:/ / www. livepedia. gr/ index. php?title=&action=history)). 1 2008, CC-BY-SA 3.0 (http:/ /creativecommons. org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3. 0/ ) GFDL (http:/ / www. gnu. org/ copyleft/ fdl. html).

64

: 394456N 1262417E39.7489, 126.4047 [1]

: " "

: Aegukka ( )

( )

3901N 14545E39.017, 145.75 [2]

-

15 19459 19481948, 27 1972, 1992 , 1998 28 2009

%

120.540 km2 (97)4,871.673 .2.495 .

2009

22.665.345[3] (47)188 ./km (62)

65

... (PPP) (2008)

40 . $[3]1.700 $[3]

... () (2008)

26,2 . $[3]

(1995) 0,766[4] (75) (KPW) (UTC +9)Internet TLD .kp +850

( ) 120.540km 22.665.345[3] ( 47). . . . .

. .

, [5] . , . , , ( " ") . 2008, .

. 2008 .[6] 25 2009 , .[7]

66

, . . 28 2009. . " " . [8]

17 .[3] .

2009 8 2009[9] 12 [10] 5 2008[3] [11] . , .[10] . 687 .[12] [13]

71% .[14] (chosn-ot),. 9 72 .[15]

(Chson Rodong-dang) (Chson Sahoeminju-dang) (Cheondoist Chongu Party) (Ch'ndogyo Ch'ng'u-dang)

687

687

:[12]

2009 63,81 (61,23 66,53 ).[3]

. 1997 , , . , , ( ) . , MEGA , .[16] 1990

67

[17] .

, . " " . ..., [18] . , [19] .

1998 .

, . , . "", ( ). , ( , ), , , , , 105 ( 2012 ). [20] , , , . . .

.

Choson Cul MinzuzuiInmingonghoagug. 5.200 .[21] . ( ) 1990 70 . , 24. . Air China, , Air Koryo , -, , ,, , , , ,[22]

.. , 70% .[23] .

68


pagename=%CE%92%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%B1& params=39.7489_N_126. 4047_E_type:country

[2] http:/ / toolserver. org/ ~geohack/ geohack. php?language=el&pagename=%CE%92%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%B1&params=39_01_N_145_45_E_type:city

[3] (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ kn. html) CIA World Factbook[4] Human Development Report 1998 (http:/ / hdr. undp. org/ en/ reports/ global/ hdr1998/ ).[5] Sami Sillanp (2007/09/15). The unreal world of North Korea (http:/ / www. hs. fi/ english/ article/ The+ unreal+ world+ of+ North+ Korea/

1135230400416). Helsingin Sanomat - International Edition ( 2008/12/11 )[6] US to ease North Korea sanctions (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ asia-pacific/ 7476625. stm) BBC[7] (http:/ / www. tanea. gr/ default. asp?pid=2& ct=2& artid=4518624) 26-5-2009[8] RTHK (http:/ / www. rthk. org. hk/ rthk/ news/ englishnews/ news. htm?main& 20090929& 56& 615725), 28 2009.[9] (http:/ / www. sigmalive. com/ news/ international/ 131424), , 8 2009.[10] "N Korea announces March election" (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ asia-pacific/ 7815387. stm). BBC News. 07-01-2009. .[11] (http:/ / www. mherrera. org/ elections. htm)[12] Moon, Angela (08-03-2009). "N.Korea vote may point to Kim successor" (http:/ / www. reuters. com/ article/ worldNews/

idUSTRE5270FE20090308). Reuters. . 08-03-2009.[13] Sohn, Jie-Ae (08-03-2009). "N. Korea holds parliamentary elections" (http:/ / edition. cnn. com/ 2009/ WORLD/ asiapcf/ 03/ 08/ nkorea.

elections/ ). CNN. . 08-03-2009.[14] Cho, Kevin (07-03-2009). "North Korea Holds Parliamentary Elections Amid Rising Tensions" (http:/ / www. bloomberg. com/ apps/

news?pid=20601080& sid=aEq92ocKxEzw& refer=asia). Bloomberg. . 08-03-2009.[15] (http:/ / news. kathimerini. gr/ 4dcgi/ _w_articles_world_2_10/ 04/ 2009_310635), ,

, 10 2009.[16] (http:/ / www. megatv. com/ warzone/ newsletters. asp?d=2322) mega.tv[17] , , , , 2007, .13, . 96.[18] Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor (28-02-2005). Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Korea, Democratic People's

Republic of (http:/ / www. state. gov/ g/ drl/ rls/ hrrpt/ 2004/ 41646. htm). US Department of State ( 03-11-2007 )[19] Fox News (http:/ / www. foxnews. com/ story/ 0,2933,313226,00. html), 150,000 Witness North Korea Execution of Factory Boss Whose

Crime Was Making International Phone Calls, 27 2007.[20] (http:/ / www. pyongyang-painters. com/ )[21] Dickinson, Rob. A Glimpse of North Korea's Railways (http:/ / dspace. dial. pipex. com/ steam/ trains/ nkorea04. htm). The International

Steam Pages ( 04-07-2009 )

[22] () Federal State Unitary Enterprise "State Air Traffic Management Corporation", Summer Air Traffic Schedule 25.03.2007 -27.10.2007 (Airports - Russian international), 29 2007, . 53

[23] 70% of Households Use Bikes (http:/ / www. dailynk. com/ english/ read. php?cataId=nk00100& num=4230), The Daily NK, 30-10-2008

(http:/ / www. korea-dpr. com/ ) (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ asia-pacific/ country_profiles/ 1131421. stm) BBC

69

()

(): 420100N 434360E42.0167, 43.7333 [1]

:

: ()

( )

1.480.0004143N 4447E41.717, 44.783 [2]

() 70

100826 191825 19219 199125 199117 1995

%

69.700 km2 (120)1.461 .310 .

2009

4.615.807[3] . (119)66 ./km (135)

... (PPP) (2009)

20,887 . $[4] (117)4.747 $[4] (114)

... () (2009)

10,981 . $[4] (116)2.496 $[4] (112)

(2007) 0,778 (89) (GEL)

(UTC +4)(UTC +4)

Internet TLD .ge +995

. ( ) ( ) , . , . , (Tbilisi), " ". . , . 5.476.000 . . , ( 82%) . 1453 .. . 1510 .. . . , , . . 16.500 . 1.000 , 711 .

() 71

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() 72

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, . , 16 , . 17 , . To 1918, , , , . 1921 , , , , . 1878 . 1991 . , , , . , . . 2003 , . , . . , , . 2007 , . 2008 , . 8 2008 , de facto . , . , , . 1999. . , , "--", .

() 73

2009 5 2009 , .[5] . .[6] .[7] , . .[8]

, .[6] . [9] . , .[10]

2010 . [11]

. . . 2008 . 18 . 24 1995 17 [12] .

5 2008 53,47% 25,69% , . .

2008

%

1.060.042 53,47

509.234 25,69

140.826 7,11

128.589 6,49

79.747 4,02

15.249 0,77

- 3.242 0,16

56,17% 1.982.318 100,0

() 74

2008 , 5 2008, 72,5%. 2008, . [13] 69,9%.

2008 22 2008 . 63% 13% .[14]

%

1.054.394 59,22 120

( , ) 315.412 17,71 16

153.708 8,63 0

132.331 7,43 0

67.263 3,78 0

, - (MGS, , EDP) 16.460 0,92 0

(QDA) 15.827 0,89 0

8.265 0,46 0

-

8.033 0,45 0

3.382 0,19 0

- \ 3.185 0,18 0

" " 2.222 0,12 0

( 55%) 1.780.482 100,00 150

: cec.gov.ge [15]

84% (6,5%), (5,7%) (1,5%) , 2002. 84% , 10% , 4% - 0,8% . 71% , . , . . 53% , 2008. 2009 76,72 (73,41 80,45 ).[3]

() 75

2008 23 3 . , . . 2008 191 . .

[16]

[17]

[18]


pagename=%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%89%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1_%28%CF%87%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B1%29&params=42. 0167_N_43. 7333_E_type:country

[2] http:/ / toolserver. org/ ~geohack/ geohack. php?language=el&pagename=%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%89%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1_%28%CF%87%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B1%29&params=41_43_N_44_47_E_type:city

[3] CIA World Fact Book (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ gg. html)[4] World Economic Outlook Database (http:/ / www. imf. org/ external/ pubs/ ft/ weo/ 2009/ 02/ weodata/ weorept. aspx?sy=2009& ey=2009&


[5] (http:/ / www. tanea. gr/ default. asp?pid=2& ct=2& artId=4515203), , 5 2009.

[6] Flash.gr (http:/ / www. flash. gr/ page. ashx?pid=9& aid=296985& cid=8), " ", , 5 2009.

[7] MoD Says Military Unit Mutinies (http:/ / civil. ge/ eng/ article. php?id=20848), civil.ge, 05-05-2009, , 05-05-2009[8] Georgian troop rebellion 'over' (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ europe/ 8033366. stm). BBC News. 5 2009[9] (http:/ / www. skai. gr/ articles/ news/ world/ / ), , 5 2009.[10] Georgia puts down mutiny attempt at miltary base (http:/ / www. japantoday. com/ category/ world/ view/

georgia-puts-down-mutiny-attempt-at-miltary-base), Japan Today (Japan), 06-05-2009, , 06-05-2009[11] (http:/ / www. kathimerini. gr/ 4dcgi/ _w_articles_kathremote_1_15/ 07/ 2010_346950), . -

, 15-7-2010.[12] World Statesmen.org (http:/ / www. worldstatesmen. org/ Georgia. html)[13] in.gr (http:/ / www. in. gr/ news/ article. asp?lngEntityID=863281& lngDtrID=245)[14] news.bbc.co.uk, Georgian leader set for poll win (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ europe/ 7413482. stm)[15] http:/ / www. results. cec. gov. ge/[16] http:/ / www. president. gov. ge/ ?l=E& m=0& sm=0[17] http:/ / www. government. gov. ge/ index. php?lang_id=ENG& sec_id=1[18] http:/ / www. tourism. gov. ge/

bjn:Jorjiya gag:Gruziya

76

: 2257N 12012E22.95, 120.2 [1]

:

( )

( )250231N 1213010E25.0419, 121.5028 [2]

()

- -

1 191225 1947[3]

%

35.980[4] km2 (136)10,341.566,3 .

2009

22.974.347[5] (47)639 ./km (14)

... (PPP) (2009)

693,345 . $[6] (19)29.829 $[6] (28)

77

... () (2009)

357,344 . $[6] (26)15.373 $[6] (43)

(2005) 0,932[7] (23) (TWD) (UTC +8)Internet TLD .tw +886

( : , : , ), ( : , :) , 35.980 km ( 49) 22.974.347[5] . , , . (). , . 24 . 12 2008 , . , . 1949[8] . .

- , , . . . , (KMT), . (ROC) , , , . ( 1947 ). 1991. , , . 1991 . 1991 . , , . , . 2006 , ( , ) . ' .[9] . 2006 [10]

78

22 2008 58,4% - . .

13, 12 2008[11] . 13 .[12] , 15 2008 , - , .[13]

1947 1947-48. 1991 . , 1991 325 , . 1994 . 1996. 2005 , "" (Yuan).

- 20 2008.

20 2008. - 20 2008. - , (DPP).

20 [5] . Yuan (LY), 1947 773 . 1998 225. 1992, 1995 2001, DPP . 1998 2008, , .

2008 22 2008 17 [14] . - , . - (KMT) 58,4% , , , (DPP), 41,5%.H 76,33%[15] .

79

2008

(KMT) - 7.658.724 58,45%

(DPP) - 5.445.239 41,55%

2008 12 2008, , , , 81 113 27 DPP . 58,5%[16] .

, , 12 2008. , -, . ( 50%), , . 22 2008 . , , . .

2009 77,96 (75,12 81,05 ).[5]

(Fujian Fukien). 20 , . , ( ) . - 16 (sian, ), 5 * (shih, ) 2 ** (Jhihsia Shih, ):Changhua, Chiayi, Chiayi*, Keelung*, Hsinchu, Hsinchu*, Hualien, Yilan, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung**, Miaoli,Nantou, Penghu, Pingtung, Taichung, Taichung*, Tainan, Tainan*, Taipei, [Taipei**, Taitung, Taoyuan Yunlin. Jhongsing.

80

.

, - , ,

, 2007, ISBN 978-960-8256-65-1


pagename=%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%82&params=22_57_N_120_12_E_type:country

[2] http:/ / toolserver. org/ ~geohack/ geohack. php?language=el&pagename=%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%82&params=25. 0419_N_121. 5028_E_type:city(2630872)_region:TW_source:enwiki

[3] 25 1946 25 1947. 1991, 1992, 1994, 1997, 1999, 2000 2005.

[4] , .[5] CIA World Factbook (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ tw. html)[6] World Economic Outlook Database (http:/ / www. imf. org/ external/ pubs/ ft/ weo/ 2009/ 02/ weodata/ weorept. aspx?sy=2009&

ey=2009& scsm=1& ssd=1& sort=country& ds=,& br=1& pr1. x=35& pr1. y=10& c=528& s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC,LP&grp=0& a=). ( 2009) ( 18-10-2009 ) :

[7] . .

[8] in.gr (http:/ / www. in. gr/ news/ article. asp?lngEntityID=890699& lngDtrID=245) - 1949 , 12 2008

[9] "Taiwan's Chen Survives Key Vote" (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ asia-pacific/ 5119672. stm). BBC. 27-06-2006. .[10] "Second recall bid fails in Taiwan" (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ asia-pacific/ 6046592. stm). BBC. 13-10-2006. .[11] (http:/ / www. express. gr/ news/ world/ 39394oz_2008061239394. php3) :

13 , 12 2008[12] (http:/ / www. kathimerini. gr/ 4dcgi/ _w_articles_kathremote_1_13/ 06/ 2008_237102),

- , 13 2008[13] (http:/ / www. tovima. gr/ default. asp?pid=2& ct=2& artId=246744),

-, 15 2008.[14] (http:/ / www. enet. gr/ online/ online_text/ c=111,dt=22. 03. 2008,id=14500384),

, 22/03/2008[15] http:/ / vote2008-3. nat. gov. tw/ zh-tw/ T1/ s00000000000. html[16] Rulers, 2008 (http:/ / rulers. org/ 2008-01. html)

(http:/ / www. trinitylight. net/ greek/ taiwan. htm)

81

: 234660N 540000E23.7833, 54 [1]

: Ishy Bilady

2428N 5422E24.467, 54.367 [2]

.

2 19712 1971, 1996

%

83.600 km2 (115)867 .1.318 .

2009

4.798.491[3] (120)57,40 ./km (144)

82

... (PPP) (2009)

187,851 . $[4] (52)38.284 $[4] (14)

... () (2009)

228,578 . $[4] (36)46.584 $[4] (8)

(2007) 0,903 (35) (AED) (UTC +4)Internet TLD .ae +971

() (: , Dawlat al-Imrt al-Arabyahal-Muttaidah) 7 , . , . 83.600 .. 4.798.491 ( 2009)[3] . : - - , , , . 1971, , (Trucial States), 19 . , 18 . 1971 , . . , . 36 , 46,584 , . , , , , , .

83

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19 20 , . ' , '20 '30 . , , , ' . .

'60 , 1962 . , , , , , , . 1969, , , , .

85

,

.

1955, , . , 1974 , . 1999.

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1968 , , 1971. , 1971 , .

1971 . 1971, . , . 2 1971 , -, 1972.

, . , 2250 26 51 5625 . 530 . , , , 430 ., . 19 , . 77,700 .. , , . , , 87% , 67,340 .., , , 259 ..

86

650 . . , , , . , . , , , . , . , - , . , - . 1971, , . , , , . , 12 .

, 2009 6 , 20% , . ( 1,75 .), ( 1,25 .) ( 500.000). (, , ) 1 ., (, ) 500.000. . , , , , , , ., , . 100%. , , , . 88% , . 75 , . , . . 31 . 2005, 76% , 9% , 15% , . (85%) (15%).

87

: , . , . , . , , - -, , . , , . 75 .. 1589 . , 8. 100 .

[5] %

(..)

[5]%

..

1,678,000 38.8% 67,340 86.7% 25

258,000 6.0% 259 0.3% 996

1,306,000 30.2% 3,885 5.0% 336

127,000 2.9% 1,165 1.5% 109

-

- 205,000 4.7% 1,684 2.2% 122

678,000 15.7% 2,590 3.3% 262

-

-

68,000 1.6% 777 0.9% 88

4,320,000 100% 77,700 100% 56

. . (Majlis al-Ittihad al-Watani , 40 - 20 20 ). 18-20 2006;. - 6.689 , 1.189 , 7 . 456 ( 65 ) 20 ( 1/3) . 8 20 .

88

13-14 22 . ( 40 ) , .

' . 185,579 . $(36 ) ( 2009). 43.857$.[4] .

80% (expatriates) 20% . : 100 . ( ) . , , , .

2008 39 5 . . 58 .

26 2009 , , .[6]


pagename=%CE%97%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%91%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%95%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B1&params=23. 7833_N_54_E_type:country

[2] http:/ / toolserver. org/ ~geohack/ geohack. php?language=el&pagename=%CE%97%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%91%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%95%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B1&params=24_28_N_54_22_E_type:city

[3] (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ ae. html) CIA World Factbook[4] World Economic Outlook Database (http:/ / www. imf. org/ external/ pubs/ ft/ weo/ 2009/ 02/ weodata/ weorept. aspx?sy=2009& ey=2009&


[5] Census 2005 (http:/ / www. tedad. ae/ english/ kids/ emirates. html). Ministry of Economy and Planning, Government of the United ArabEmirates (2005) ( 2009-11-13 )

[6] Times (http:/ / www. timesonline. co. uk/ tol/ news/ world/ europe/ article6367036. ece), France sends signal to Iran with opening of AbuDhabi airbase, 26 2009.

bjn:Syarikat Amiriah Arab gag:Birleik Arab Emirlikleri

89

: 350922N 1360336E35.1561, 136.06 [1]

: Kimi Ga Yo ( )

( )

12.790.000[2]3541N 13946E35.68, 139.76 [3]

(11 660 ..)29 18903 1947

%

377.944 km2 (61)0,8%29.751 .

90

2010 2004

126.804.433[4] (10)127.333.002337,1 ./km (36)

... (PPP) (2010)

4.308,627 . $[5]33.828 $[5]

... () (2010)

5.390,897 . $[5]42.325 $[5]

(2010) 0,884 (11) () (JPY) JST (UTC +9)Internet TLD .jp +81 .

(: , : , ) . (Nihon) (Nippon) , . . , , . , , , , ( 6852).[6] , . 126.804.433 377.835 . .[4] ' , 30 . . , , ( )[7] . , . , , . , . ( HDI). , ( ) .[8] ( ) .[9] [10]

91

. , , . , , 30.000 ...

, , , , 3.000 . , , 192 . ( ), , . , . . 200 . , . : 377.835 km : , , , : 29.751 km : , 3.776m : : 2824 . . .

, . 30C, 4,7C. , . , : :

. :

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(Chuo-kochi): .

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92

.. . , .

. 4 2010 .

20 .

2009 2009 30 . , 308 480 . LDP 119 . [11] . 31 2010, , [12] . 2 2010 4 2010.

+/-

+/-

% +/-

+/-

(DPJ) Minshut -

221 +169

87 +26

29.784.743 42,4% +11,4

308 +195

(SDP) Shamint -

3 +2 4 -2 2.999.040 4,3% -1,2 7 0

(PNP)Kokuminshint -

3 +1 0 -2 1.218.020 1,7% 0.0 3 -1

DPJ-SDP-PNP

227 +172

91 +22

34.001.803 48,4% +10,2

318 +194

(LDP) Jimint -

64 -155 55 -22 18.782.218 26,7% -11,5 119 -177

(NKP)Kmeit -

0 -8 21 -2 8.045.723 11,5% -1,8 21 -10

LDP-NKP 64 -163 76 -24 26.827.941 38,2% -13,3 140 -187

93

(JCP) Kysant -

0 0 9 0 4.936.753 7,0% -0,3 9 0

(YP) Minna noT -

2 3 2.994.475 4,3% 5

/

7 1 1.484.000 2,1% 8

( 69%) 300 180 70.244.972 100,0% 480

2010 2007, 2007.

, 11 2010. , 44 , 54 , . [13]

2010

+/

2010

+/

%

% +/

2010

(LDP) Jimint

39 16 12 2 19.496.083 33,4 14.071.438 24,1% 13 51 33 84

(NKP) Kmeit

3 1 6 1 2.265.818 3,9 7.639.437 13,1% 2 9 10 19

(NRP)Kaikaku

0 0 1 1 625.431 1,1 1.172.394 2,0% 4 1 1 2

LDPNKPNRP

42 17 19 3 22.387.332 38,4 21.883.269 39,2% 7 61 44 105

(DPJ)Minshut

28 12 16 4 22.755.999 39,0 18.450.138 31,6% 16 44 62 106

(PNP) Kokuminshint

0 1 0 1 167.555 0,3 1.000.034 1,7% 3 0 3 3

(NPN) ( NHK) Shint

0 0 0 1 included in others 0 0 1 1

DPJPNP

28 13 16 5 22.923.554 39,3 19.450.172 33,3% 19 44 65 110

94

(YP)Minna no T

3 3 7 7 5.977.390 10,2 7.943.875 13,6% 10 10 1 11

(JCP) Kysant

0 0 3 0 4.256.400 7,3 3.563.554 6,1% 1 3 3 6

(SDP)Shamint

0 0 2 0 602.684 1,0 2.242.735 3,8% 0 2 2 4

(SPJ) Tachini

0 0 1 1 328.475 0,6 1.232.207 2,1% 1 1 2 3

(HRP)Kfuku

0 0 0 0

229,024 0.4% 0 0 1 1

,

0 7 0 0 2 0 2 2

(%)

73 48 100,0% 100,0% 2 121 121 242

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95

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J.LEAGUE , . 2 (J.LEAGUE). Champion's League 2007 , 2008 . , 1998. , 2002 .

, 2010, 127.360.000. [15] 2010 82,17 (78,87 85,66 ).[4]

12.500.000 . 35 3,6 .[16]

, , , 1945 .

96

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ISO 3166-2:JP .

. "" () , (), () (). () -, () -, () - -. , (-, - ). :

97

() Hokkaid

1. () (Hokkaid

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2. Aomori3. Iwate4. Miyagi5. Akita6. Yamagata7. Fukushima

' Kant

8. Ibaraki9. Tochigi10. Gunma11. Saitama12. Chiba13. () Tokyo14. Kanagawa

' Chbu

15. Niigata16. Toyama17. Ishikawa18. Fukui19. Yamanashi20. Nagano21. Gifu22. Shizuoka23. Aichi

Kansai

24. Mie25. Shiga26. () Kyoto27. () Osaka28. Hygo29. Nara30. Wakayama

' Chgoku

31. Tottori32. Shimane33. Okayama34. Hiroshima35. Yamaguchi

Shikoku

36. Tokushima37. Kagawa38. Ehime39. Kchi

(') Kysh

40. Fukuoka41. Saga42. Nagasaki43. Kumamoto44. ita45. Miyazaki46. Kagoshima47. Okinawa

.


pagename=%CE%99%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1& params=35. 1561_N_136. 06_E_type:country[2] www.metro.tokyo.jp (http:/ / www. metro. tokyo. jp/ ENGLISH/ PROFILE/ overview03. htm)[3] http:/ / toolserver. org/ ~geohack/ geohack. php?language=el&

pagename=%CE%99%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1& params=35. 68_N_139. 76_E_type:city(8336611)[4] (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ ja. html) CIA World Factbook[5] 2010 (http:/ / www. imf. org/ external/ pubs/ ft/ weo/ 2010/ 02/ weodata/ weorept. aspx?sy=2008& ey=2010&

scsm=1& ssd=1& sort=country& ds=. & br=1& c=158& s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC,LP& grp=0& a=& pr. x=59& pr. y=14)

[6] Facts and Figures of Japan 2007 01: Land (http:/ / fpcj. jp/ old/ e/ mres/ publication/ ff/ pdf_07/ 01_land. pdf). Foreign Press Center Japan( 2009-07-04 )

[7] Altucher, James (8 January 2010). "There's no stopping China" (http:/ / www. nypost. com/ p/ news/ business/there_no_stopping_china_0H8GJaMgzHCYenL038Yh2N). New York Post. . 2 August 2010.

[8] Ninth United Nations survey of crime trends and operations of criminal justice systems (http:/ / www. google. com/search?q=cache:D_v_0NmlVpoJ:www. unodc. org/ pdf/ research/ 9th_survey/ CTS9ByIndicatorExtract. pdf) (PDF) . 19. United NationsOffice on drugs and crime ( (http:/ / www. unodc. org/ pdf/ research/ 9th_survey/CTS9ByIndicatorExtract. pdf) 2006) ( 2006-12-01 )

[9] WHO: Life expectancy in Israel among highest in the world (http:/ / www. haaretz. com/ hasen/ spages/ 1087765. html) Haaretz, May, 2009[10] United Nations World Population Propsects: 2006 revision (http:/ / www. un. org/ esa/ population/ publications/ wpp2006/

WPP2006_Highlights_rev. pdf) Table A.17 for 20052010[11] (http:/ / www. ethnos. gr/ article. asp?catid=11381& subid=2& pubid=5606846), , 31 2009.[12] (http:/ / news. kathimerini. gr/ 4dcgi/ _w_articles_world_2_01/ 06/ 2010_402969), SDP

, 1-6-2010.[13] Capital.gr (http:/ / www. capital. gr/ news. asp?id=1008490), : ,

11-7-2010.[14] (http:/ / www. enet. gr/ online/ online_text/ c=112,id=67739860), , 24 2009.

98

[15] (http:/ / www. stat. go. jp/ english/ data/ jinsui/ tsuki/ index. htm)[16] (http:/ / www. world-gazetteer. com/ wg. php?x=& men=gcis& lng=en& des=wg& geo=-3& srt=pnan&

col=abcdefghinoq& msz=1500& geo=-111) World Gazetteer

Eo (http:/ / www. Greece-Japan. com) (http:/ / www. greecejapan. org) (http:/ / www. japanstudies. gr) - (http:/ / www. gjcc. gr) J.LEAGUE (http:/ / www. j-league. or. jp/ eng/ ) " : " (http:/ / portal. kathimerini. gr/ 4dcgi/

_w_articles_kathextra_1_26/ 08/ 2010_352389). ( ..).26 2010.

LP Live-Pedia. ( (http:/ / www. livepedia. gr/ index. php?title=&action=history)). 1 2008, CC-BY-SA 3.0 (http:/ /creativecommons. org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3. 0/ ) GFDL (http:/ / www. gnu. org/ copyleft/ fdl. html).

bjn:Japang gag:Yaponiya

99

: 210732N 781838E21.1256, 78.3106 [1]

: Satyameva jayate () (Devangar)" "[2]

:

2834N 7712E28.567, 77.2 [3]

, , 23

100

.

15 194726 195026 1950 ( )

%

3.287.590 km2 (7)9,56%14.103 .7.000 .

2009 2001

1.166.079.217[4] (2)1.028.610.328[5]355 ./km (28)

... (PPP) (2009)

3.528,614 . $[6] (4)2.932 $[6] (129)

... () (2009)

1.242,641 . $[6] (12)1.033 $[6] (140)

(2007) 0,612 (134) () (INR) IST (UTC +5,30)Internet TLD .in +91

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101

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102

: , . .

- : , , , , (' ) , , . ( ) . , 24-28 C. (). 3 : , , . . . . .

, , 1.2 . , . 11 20 . 35 2001 , 10 , , . 70% . , , . : ( 74% ) (24% ). . . , , , , , . , 10% , , 21 . 2001, 800 (80,5% ) , (13,4%), (2,3%), (1,9%), , , . . . , , , .. , , . 3.200.000 1.143.040.000 . , 11.600.000 . ,

103

, , ' ( , , ), , , , . 2009 69,89 (67,46 72,61 ).[4]

. . . , , , , , , (), . 11% ( ). . , , , . 176 51 , . . . . , , , . , , , , . , , , . (,, ) .

-) :

.

. 2008. 2014, 2020. 2,2 .

104

. Sansad (Rajya Sabha), 250 , 12 , , (LokSabha, 545 - 543 2 ). 18 .[4] .

2009 , 16, 23 30 2009 7 13 . 16 .[7] [8] 250 . .[9]

. .[10] 2 22 2009 25 .

: 262 : +79

206 +61

19 +17

Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 18 +2

9

3 +1

Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 2 3

2 +1

() 1 +1

Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen 1

Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi 1 n/a

(Athvale) 1

: 159 : 17

116 22

() 20 +12

Shiv Sena 11 1

Rashtriya Lok Dalj 5 +2

Shiromani Akali Dal 4 4

Telangana Rashtra Samithi 2 3

Asom Gana Parishad 1 1

Lok Dal

105

: 79 : 30

24 29

Bahujan Samaju 21 +2

Biju Janata Dal 14 +3

Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam

9 +9

Telugu Desam 6 +1

()j 3 1

1 +1

Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 1 3

Pattali Makkal Katchi 6

: 27 : -37

u 23 13

Rashtriya Janata Dalu 4 20

Lok Janshakti 4

: 21

16

: .

j- UPA .u- UPA .

.

[1] http:/ / toolserver. org/ ~geohack/ geohack. php?language=el& pagename=%CE%99%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1& params=21.

1256_N_78. 3106_E_type:country[2] State Emblem -Inscription (http:/ / www. india. gov. in/ knowindia/ state_emblem. php). National Informatics Centre(NIC) (

17-06-2007 )[3] http:/ / toolserver. org/ ~geohack/ geohack. php?language=el& pagename=%CE%99%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1&

params=28_34_N_77_12_E_type:city[4] (https:/ / www. cia. gov/ library/ publications/ the-world-factbook/ geos/ in. html) CIA World Factbook[5] 2001 (http:/ / censusindia. gov. in/ Census_Data_2001/ India_at_glance/ popu1. aspx)[6] World Economic Outlook Database (http:/ / www. imf. org/ external/ pubs/ ft/ weo/ 2009/ 02/ weodata/ weorept. aspx?sy=2009& ey=2009&


[7] BBC NEWS | South Asia | India's marathon poll concludes (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ south_asia/ 8045567. stm)[8] - (http:/ / www. e-erevna. gr/ portal/ story. aspx?ID=65055. 0000)[9] UPA trashes predictions, makes strong comeback- Hindustan Times (http:/ / www. hindustantimes. com/ Election09/ storypage.

aspx?ID=3d50092b-aed2-4c89-af55-2b0481f9877c& Category=Chunk-HT-UI-Elections-SectionPage-TopStories&Headline=UPA-set-to-return-to-power;-BJP-concedes-defeat)

[10] Second UPA win, a crowning glory for Sonia's ascendancy (http:/ / www. business-standard. com/ india/ news/second-upa-wincrowning-glory-for-sonia\s-ascendancy/ 61892/ on)

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Brown, Judith M. (1994). Modern India: The Origins of an Asian Democracy (http:/ / www. oup. com/ uk/

catalogue/ ?ci=9780198731139). Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. xiii, 474. ISBN 0198731132. Guha, Ramchandra (2007). India after Gandhi The History of the World's Largest Democracy. 1st edition.

Picador. xxvii, 900. ISBN 978-0-330-39610-3. Kulke, Hermann; Dietmar Rothermund (2004). A History of India (http:/ / www. amazon. com/

History-India-Hermann-Kulke/ dp/ 0415329205/ ). 4th edition. Routledge. xii, 448. ISBN 0415329205. Metcalf, Barbara; Thomas R. Metcalf (2006). A Concise History of Modern India (Cambridge Concise Histories)

(http:/ / www. amazon. com/ Concise-History-Modern

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