職場整體換氣性能規範之探討B3%F8%A7i%B0... · IOSH97-H307 職場整體換氣性能規範之探討 The Guideline and Performance of General Ventilation in Workplace 行政院勞工委員會勞工安全衛生研究所

IOSH97-H307

The Guideline and Performance of General Ventilation in Workplace

IOSH97-H307

The Guideline and Performance of General Ventilation in Workplace

97 3 1 97 12 31

98 3

i

CO2 1000ppm

K

ii

Abstract Industrial ventilation is a common method in industrial hygiene reducing the

hazardous substances in workplaces, it can not only prevent the escape contaminants into the

workplaces below the permissible exposure level (PEL), but also can maintain a comfortable

temperature and humidity conditions and supply enough fresh air preventing air pollutants in

workplaces. A well designed ventilation system can effectively protect employees from

exposures to potentially hazardous substances and also improve air quality in workplaces,

and most important of all, it gives the workers a safe and pleasant working environment.

Laws about controlling hazardous substances usually request companies in principle to set

up and maintain a well designed ventilation system. There is no clear definitions about how

to design and maintain, companies need more advices when actually set up ventilation

systems, and inspectors need more definite standards.

The purpose of this program is to investigate the general ventilation problem and

technology that company faced and needed under the current regulations. International

standards and technologies about how to design and maintain an effective general ventilation

system, and qualifications and systems of a professional will also be collected as a reference

of modifying or making laws.

The project used tracer gas to evaluate the general ventilation efficiency in a full scale

chamber. The results show that the initial CO2 concentration did not influence the ventilation

efficiency but the obstacle area will impact the ventilation efficiency. The K factors will

response the real efficiency. However, the sample point number and location will also affect

the ventilation efficicency.

The general ventilation management and strategy will provide and two stages test

procedures are stated detailedly. The first stage will adopt 1000ppm CO2 as the standard

value for test. When the CO2 level in an air-conditioning environment exceeded the standard

value then it needs to do a second stage test for further investigated the ventilation efficiency.

The comments and results are provided for authoritys references.

Key Words: workplace, general ventilation, performance analysis

iii

....................................................................................................................................... i

Abstract .................................................................................................................................... ii

......................................................................................................................................... iii

...................................................................................................................................... v

.................................................................................................................................... vii

.................................................................................................................... 1

........................................................................................................................ 1

........................................................................................................................ 3

................................................................................................................ 4

.................................................................................................... 6

............................................................................................ 6

.................................................. 10

...................................................................................... 13

.............................................................................. 18

.................................................................................................. 23

.............................................................................................................. 23

...................................................................................................... 27

...................................................................................................... 33

...................................................................................................... 36

CO2 ............................................. 36

CO2 ACH ............................................. 49

.................................................. 55

.............................. 57

.......................................................................................... 58

.................................................. 58

...................................................... 58

iv

.............................................................. 63

.............................................................................................................. 67

...................................................................................................................... 67

.................................................................................................................. 68

........................................................................................................................................ 69

................................................................................................................................ 70

CO2 .............................................................................................. 72

CO2 SF6 ............................................................... 90

v

1 ...................................................... 21

2 .................................................................................................. 23

3 .............................................................................................. 24

4 .......................................................................................................... 24

5 .......................................................................................................... 24

6 .......................................................................................... 25

7 .............................................. 25

8 .............................................. 26

9 .............................................................................................................. 27

10 ................................................................................................................ 28

11 ................................................................................................ 33

12 ............................................................................................ 34

13 A CO2 ............................................... 37

14 B CO2 ............................................... 38

15 C CO2 ............................................... 39

16 D CO2 ............................................... 40

17 E CO2 ............................................... 41

18 F CO2 ............................................... 42

19 G CO2 ............................................... 43

20 H CO2 ............................................... 44

21 I CO2 ................................................ 45

22 J CO2 ................................................ 46

23 K CO2 ............................................... 47

24 L CO2 ............................................... 48

25 CO2 ACH.......................................................... 49

26 1/5 CO2 ACH............................................ 49

27 2/5 CO2 ACH............................................ 50

28 3/5 CO2 ACH............................................ 50

29 4/5 CO2 ACH............................................ 51

vi

30 1/5 CO2 ACH............................................ 51

31 2/5 CO2 ACH............................................ 52

32 3/5 CO2 ACH............................................ 52

33 4/5 CO2 ACH............................................ 53

34 CO2 (2000PPM)(3000PPM)() ..................... 55

35 CO2 (2000PPM)(3000PPM) ACH ...... 56

36 ............................................................................................ 59

37 ........................................................................................ 63

38 ............................................................................ 64

39 SF6 ACH .......................................................................... 65

40 .................................................................... 66

vii

1 .................................................................................. 7

2 .......................................................................... 8

3 .......................................................................................... 8

4 NIOSH .......................................................................... 10

5 ASHRAE .......................................... 13

6 UBC ............................................ 14

7 NBC ................................................................ 14

8 ...................................................................................................... 15

9 ...................................................................................... 18

10 .................................................................................................................... 28

11 ............................................................................................................ 36

12 6 12 ACH........... 54

13 6 12 ACH........... 54

14 6ACH ACH ...................................................................................................... 57

15 K ....................................................... 58

16 ............................................................................................ 61

17 ............................................................................................ 62

18 .................................................................... 64

19 .................................................................................... 65

1

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

1.67 [5]

[6]

2

95

[7]() 1

OSHA 1910.94(a)(4)

(Exhaust ventilation systems)[8]

American National Standard Fundamentals Governing the Design and Operation of Local

Exhaust Systems, Z9.2-1960, ANSI Z33.1-1961

1910.1025(e)(4)

capture velocityduct velocity

static pressure

5 [9]

ASHRAE(The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers)

[10]1975 1 1

(1)(2)(3)

1988 Chen[11]

3

PHOENICS

PHOENICS

1994 Shen Chang[12]

/

/

1989 1991 Garrison [13][14][15] N2CO2SF6

CO2SF6

/

2000 [16]

()/

/

/

4

/

(Tracer gas techniques)

[17] [18] STEP-DOWN

5

123

1 8 4 2

2

3 2 (6 12 )

1.

2.

3.

(SOP)

6

()

[19] 1

1.

2.

3.

1.

0.001hr-1

2.

(CO2)(C)

CO2

CO2

3.

7

()

l0 m

0.05hr-1

CO2

1

( )

( )

( )

( )

8

( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

2 CO2 600ppm

1000ppm

CO2

3 CO2

700~1000ppm l000ppm

2

(ppm) 600 600~1000 1000~10000 10000~30000 30000~40000 40000~60000 70000~80000 80000~100000 100000~200000

3

(ppm) 700 1000 1500 2000~5000 5000

CO2 CO2

9

(78%)(21%)(0.9%)

( 0.03%)()

[20]

10

National

Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthNIOSH[19]

4

4 NIOSH

280 53 80 15 53 10 27 5 21 4 68 13 529 100

(1)

(2)

11

(1)(2)

(3)(4)

1.

2.

3.

12

13

ACH

American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

EngineersASHRAE[21] 5

5 ASHRAE

4 ~ 10 20 cfm --

6 ~ 20 15 cfm --

-- 0.1 cfm --

4 ~ 15 15 cfm --

12 ~ 15 12 cfm --

4 -- 1/3

15 -- 1/3

6 -- 1/3

4 ~ 10 -- 1/3

4 ~ 10 -- 100

12 -- 1/6

6 -- 1/3

1.Air Change per Hour ACH

2.

3.cfmcubit ft per min UBC

14

UBC ICBO[22] International Conference of Building

Officials

Group ABEHIMR

6

R GROUP R

6 UBC

Group

R 0.4 ACH

R 5 ACH

A 5CFM/

B 5CFM/

B 1.5CFM/ft2 14000CFM/

E 5 CFM

A 4 ACH

B 4 ACH

E

4 ACH

NBC

(National Building Code) BOCA[23](Building Official &

Code Administrators)NBC

ASHRAE STANDARD 62-1989

7

7 NBC

CFM

35 20

15

0.5 CFMft2

10 (CFM per room)

100 (CFM per room) 50

35 35

30 35 35

20

[24]

8

8

()

16

94 12 30

0940106804

1.

2.

600 CO2) 8

1000ppm

2 CO) 8

9 ppm

HCHO 1 0.1 ppm

(TVOC) 1 3 ppm

500 (Bacteria)

1000CFU/m3 /

(Fungi) 1000 CFU/m3 /

60 10 m

PM10 24

150g/m3 /

2.5 (m

PM25 24 100 g/m3 /

0.03 O3 8

0.05ppm

3. 1 1 1

8 8 8

17

24 24 24

4. 1

2

5.

96 2 14 2 0960145104

12 3

5 .7 5.7~14.2 14.2~28.3 28.3

0.6 0.4 0 .3 0 .14

18

ASHRAE

1.

9

9

(CO2) 5000ppm 44

(N2O) 25ppm 44

(SF6) 1000ppm 146

(PFTs) 200-400

(1)(Similar density to air)

19

(2)(Not normally present in the atmosphere)

(3)(No toxicity)

(4)(Neither be flammable nor explosive)

(5)(Not easily be absorbed or sink)

(6)(Easily be detected at low concentration)

(7)(To a good order of accuracy)

2.

(Concentration-Decay Method)(Constant-Emission Method)

(Constant-Concentration Method)

(1)

Air change rate, N

C t C t

t=

ln ( ) ln ( )1 2

(2)

(Ventilation duct)

(3)

20

9 CO2

CO2 SF6 particle

3.

(complete mixing)

(mass balance equation)

FQCQCdtdCV in =+ (1)

V(m3)

C

Cin

Q(m3/s)

F(m3/s)

t(s)

(peak level)C(0)

F0

(1)(Q/V)

( )[ ]t

VQ

inint eCCCC

= 0)( (2)

C(0)

C(t) t

(2)

21

( 1)

( )

( )t

VQ

CC

CC

in

tin =

0ln

ln

( )( ) ( )( )[ ] bAtVQ

ttCCCC intin +==

21

0ln (3)

A

b

1

(3)

()

(ACHt)

()

(ACHr)()

22

ACHr ACHt K

(4)

t

r

ACHACH

=K (4)

23

4.28m(L)2.5m(W)2.5m(H) 2

CO2 3-1-

2

CO2

2

1. cm

2. 3-1-33-1-4

24

3

4

5

25

CO2

CO2 CO2

6

6

7 8

7

26

8

27

9

28

10

10

CaseA6-1-0 6

CaseA6-1-1 6 1/5H

CaseA6-1-2 6 2/5H

CaseA6-1-3 6 3/5H

CaseA6-1-4 6 4/5H

CaseA6-1-5 6 1/5H

CaseA6-1-6 6 2/5H

CaseA6-1-7 6 3/5H

8

CaseA6-1-8 6 4/5H

CaseB6-1-0 6

CaseB6-1-1 6 1/5H

CaseB6-1-2 6 2/5H

CaseB6-1-3 6 3/5H

CaseB6-1-4 6 4/5H

CaseB6-1-5 6 1/5H

CaseB6-1-6 6 2/5H

CaseB6-1-7 6 3/5H

8

CaseB6-1-8 6 4/5H

29

CaseA12-1-0 12

CaseA12-1-1 12 1/5H

CaseA12-1-2 12 2/5H

CaseA12-1-3 12 3/5H

CaseA12-1-4 12 4/5H

CaseA12-1-5 12 1/5H

CaseA12-1-6 12 2/5H

CaseA12-1-7 12 3/5H

8

CaseA12-1-8 12 4/5H

CaseB12-1-0 12

CaseB12-1-1 12 1/5H

CaseB12-1-2 12 2/5H

CaseB12-1-3 12 3/5H

CaseB12-1-4 12 4/5H

CaseB12-1-5 12 1/5H

CaseB12-1-6 12 2/5H

CaseB12-1-7 12 3/5H

8

CaseB12-1-8 12 4/5H

CaseA6-2a-0 6

CaseA6-2a-1 6 1/5H

CaseA6-2a-2 6 2/5H

CaseA6-2a-3 6 3/5H

CaseA6-2a-4 6 4/5H

CaseA6-2a-5 6 1/5H

CaseA6-2a-6 6 2/5H

CaseA6-2a-7 6 3/5H

4

CaseA6-2a-8 6 4/5H

30

CaseA6-2b-0 6

CaseA6-2b-1 6 1/5H

CaseA6-2b-2 6 2/5H

CaseA6-2b-3 6 3/5H

CaseA6-2b-4 6 4/5H

CaseA6-2b-5 6 1/5H

CaseA6-2b-6 6 2/5H

CaseA6-2b-7 6 3/5H

4

CaseA6-2b-8 6 4/5H

CaseB6-2a-0 6

CaseB6-2a-1 6 1/5H

CaseB6-2a-2 6 2/5H

CaseB6-2a-3 6 3/5H

CaseB6-2a-4 6 4/5H

CaseB6-2a-5 6 1/5H

CaseB6-2a-6 6 2/5H

CaseB6-2a-7 6 3/5H

4

CaseB6-2a-8 6 4/5H

CaseB6-2b-0 6

CaseB6-2b-1 6 1/5H

CaseB6-2b-2 6 2/5H

CaseB6-2b-3 6 3/5H

CaseB6-2b-4 6 4/5H

CaseB6-2b-5 6 1/5H

CaseB6-2b-6 6 2/5H

CaseB6-2b-7 6 3/5H

4

CaseB6-2b-8 6 4/5H

31

CaseA12-2a-0 12

CaseA12-2a-1 12 1/5H

CaseA12-2a-2 12 2/5H

CaseA12-2a-3 12 3/5H

CaseA12-2a-4 12 4/5H

CaseA12-2a-5 12 1/5H

CaseA12-2a-6 12 2/5H

CaseA12-2a-7 12 3/5H

4

CaseA12-2a-8 12 4/5H

CaseA12-2b-0 12

CaseA12-2b-1 12 1/5H

CaseA12-2b-2 12 2/5H

CaseA12-2b-3 12 3/5H

CaseA12-2b-4 12 4/5H

CaseA12-2b-5 12 1/5H

CaseA12-2b-6 12 2/5H

CaseA12-2b-7 12 3/5H

4

CaseA12-2b-8 12 4/5H

CaseB12-2a-0 12

CaseB12-2a-1 12 1/5H

CaseB12-2a-2 12 2/5H

CaseB12-2a-3 12 3/5H

CaseB12-2a-4 12 4/5H

CaseB12-2a-5 12 1/5H

CaseB12-2a-6 12 2/5H

CaseB12-2a-7 12 3/5H

4

CaseB12-2a-8 12 4/5H

32

CaseB12-2b-0 12

CaseB12-2b-1 12 1/5H

CaseB12-2b-2 12 2/5H

CaseB12-2b-3 12 3/5H

CaseB12-2b-4 12 4/5H

CaseB12-2b-5 12 1/5H

CaseB12-2b-6 12 2/5H

CaseB12-2b-7 12 3/5H

4

CaseB12-2b-8 12 4/5H

33

4.2m()2.5m()2.5m() 11

11

12

34

12

TSI /

Model 8386A

0~50m/s

0.01m/s

3.0

-17.8 93.3 0.3

0~95 RH 1

ALNOR

APM 150 Meter

50~2000CFM 3

1CFM

35

E+E CO2

M1 M8 12 CO2

0 5000ppm 0 10

Fluke NetDAQ Logger Model 2640A 20

CO2

CO2 CO2

2000ppm

E+E CO2

EE80-5CT3-D04

CO2 0~5000 ppm 1.5

1 ppm

-5 45 0.5

Fluke NetDAQ Logger

DC Volts 90mV to 150/300V0.3uv to

1mV 0.01%

AC Volts 300mV to 150/300V10uV to 10mV 0.3%

Resistance 300 ohm to 3M ohm 1m ohm to 10 ohm 0.015%

Frequency 15Hz to 1MHz 0.01Hz to 100Hz 0.05%

RTD(Pt100) -200 to 600 0.003 0.06

T/C type J -100 to 760 0.02 0.35

36

(CO2)

12

11

CO2

11 A ~L 6ACH 12ACH

4 8 CO2

13 24

11

ACH

A 2000 6 8 (M1~M8) B 2000 6 4 (M1 M3 M5 M7) C 2000 6 4 (M2 M4 M6 M8) D 2000 6 8 (M1~M8) E 2000 6 4 (M1 M3 M5 M7) F 2000 6 4 (M2 M4 M6 M8) G 2000 12 8 (M1~M8) H 2000 12 4 (M1 M3 M5 M7) I 2000 12 4 (M2 M4 M6 M8) J 2000 12 8 (M1~M8) K 2000 12 4 (M1 M3 M5 M7) L 2000 12 4 (M2 M4 M6 M8)

37

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (ppm)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000C

O2 C

once

ntra

tion

(ppm

)Case A6-1-1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-1-2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-1-3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-1-4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-1-5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-1-6

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-1-7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-1-8

13 A CO2

38

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000C

O2 C

once

ntra

tion

(ppm

)Case A6-2a-1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-2a-2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-2a-3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-2a-4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-2a-5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-2a-6

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-2a-7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-2a-8

14 B CO2

39

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000C

O2 C

once

ntra

tion

(ppm

)

Case A6-2b-1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-2b-2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-2b-3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-2b-4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-2b-5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-2b-6

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-2b-7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A6-2b-8

15 C CO2

40

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000C

O2 C

once

ntra

tion

(ppm

)

Case B6-1-1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-1-2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-1-3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-1-4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-1-5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-1-6

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-1-7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-1-8

16 D CO2

41

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000C

O2 C

once

ntra

tion

(ppm

)

Case B6-2a-1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-2a-2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-2a-3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-2a-4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-2a-5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-2a-6

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-2a-7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-2a-8

17 E CO2

42

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000C

O2 C

once

ntra

tion

(ppm

)Case B6-2b-1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-2b-2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-2b-3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-2b-4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-2b-5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-2b-6

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-2b-7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B6-2b-8

18 F CO2

43

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000C

O2 C

once

ntra

tion

(ppm

)

Case A12-1-1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-1-2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-1-3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-1-4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-1-5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-1-6

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-1-7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-1-8

19 G CO2

44

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000C

O2 C

once

ntra

tion

(ppm

)

Case A12-2a-1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-2a-2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-2a-3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-2a-4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-2a-5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-2a-6

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-2a-7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-2a-8

20 H CO2

45

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (ppm)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000C

O2 C

once

ntra

tion

(ppm

)

Case A12-2b-1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (ppm)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-2b-2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (ppm)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-2b-3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (ppm)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-2b-4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (ppm)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-2b-5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (ppm)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-2b-6

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (ppm)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-2b-7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (ppm)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case A12-2b-8

21 I CO2

46

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000C

O2 C

once

ntra

tion

(ppm

)Case B12-1-1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-1-2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-1-3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-1-4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-1-5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-1-6

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-1-7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-1-8

22 J CO2

47

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000C

O2 C

once

ntra

tion

(ppm

)

Case B12-2a-1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-2a-2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-2a-3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-2a-4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-2a-5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-2a-6

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-2a-7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-2a-8

23 K CO2

48

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000C

O2 C

once

ntra

tion

(ppm

)Case B12-2b-1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-2b-2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-2b-3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-2b-4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-2b-5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-2b-6

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-2b-7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Time (min)

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

Case B12-2b-8

24 L CO2

49

CO2 ACH

CO2 (2)

ACH 6ACH8

ACH 25~33

0 2 4 6 8 10 12Time (min)

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

CO

2 [ln

(C/C

0)]

ACH: 6Y = -0.0741 * X + 0.1696R-squared = 0.987616

25 CO2 ACH

25 6

4.44hr-1(0.074160)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12Time (min)

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

CO

2 [ln

(C/C

0)]

ACH: 6Y = -0.0733 * X + 0.1522R-squared = 0.980173

26 1/5 CO2 ACH

26 6 1/5

50

4.40hr-1(0.073360)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12Time (min)

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

CO

2 [ln

(C/C

0)]

ACH: 6Y = -0.0692 * X + 0.145R-squared = 0.979375

27 2/5 CO2 ACH

27 6 2/5

4.15hr-1(0.069260)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12Time (min)

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

CO

2 [ln

(C/C

0)]

ACH: 6Y = -0.0676* X + 0.161R-squared = 0.982644

28 3/5 CO2 ACH

28 6 3/5

4.06hr-1(0.067660)

51

0 2 4 6 8 10 12Time (min)

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

CO

2 [ln

(C/C

0)]

ACH: 6 Y = -0.0633 * X + 0.138 R-squared = 0.986119

29 4/5 CO2 ACH

29 6 4/5

3.8hr-1(0.063360)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12Time (min)

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

CO

2 [ln

(C/C

0)]

ACH:6Y = -0.0646 * X + 0.141R-squared = 0.973404

30 1/5 CO2 ACH

30 6 1/5

3.87hr-1(0.064660)

52

0 2 4 6 8 10 12Time (min)

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

CO

2 [ln

(C/C

0)]

ACH: 6Y = -0.0577 * X + 0.0922R-squared = 0.949411

31 2/5 CO2 ACH

31 6 2/5

3.46hr-1(0.057760)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12Time (min)

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

CO

2 [ln

(C/C

0)]

ACH: 6Y = -0.0535 * X + 0.106R-squared = 0.965229

32 3/5 CO2 ACH

32 6 3/5

3.21hr-1(0.053560)

53

0 2 4 6 8 10 12Time (min)

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

CO

2 [ln

(C/C

0)]

ACH: 6Y = -0.0455* X + 0.050R-squared = 0.948258

33 4/5 CO2 ACH

33 6 4/5

2.73hr-1(0.045560)

25 33

CO2

12

13

54

12 6 12 ACH

ACH ACH

CaseA6-1-0 4.44 CaseA12-1-0 6.3

1/5H CaseA6-1-1 4.30 CaseA12-1-1 6.24

2/5H CaseA6-1-2 4.15 CaseA12-1-2 5.95

3/5H CaseA6-1-3 4.06 CaseA12-1-3 5.89

4/5H CaseA6-1-4 3.8 CaseA12-1-4 5.35

1/5H CaseA6-1-5 3.87 CaseA12-1-5 6.24

2/5H CaseA6-1-6 3.46 CaseA12-1-6 5.44

3/5H CaseA6-1-7 3.21 CaseA12-1-7 5.39

4/5H CaseA6-1-8 2.73 CaseA12-1-8 4.5

13 6 12 ACH

ACH ACH

CaseB6-1-0 4.44 CaseB12-1-0 6.3

1/5H CaseB6-1-1 4.41 CaseB12-1-1 6.24

2/5H CaseB6-1-2 4.37 CaseB12-1-2 6.24

3/5H CaseB6-1-3 4.27 CaseB12-1-3 6

4/5H CaseB6-1-4 3.85 CaseB12-1-4 5.94

1/5H CaseB6-1-5 4.39 CaseB12-1-5 6.21

2/5H CaseB6-1-6 3.92 CaseB12-1-6 6.12

3/5H CaseB6-1-7 3.63 CaseB12-1-7 5.7

4/5H CaseB6-1-8 3.47 CaseB12-1-8 5.46

55

2000ppm 3000ppm

34 2000ppm 3000ppm

6ACH

ACH 35 CO2

2000ppm CO2 ACH 4.45 (0.074160)

3000ppm CO2 ACH 4.44 (0.07460)

CO2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Time (min)

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

CO

2 Con

cent

ratio

n (p

pm)

2000 ppm3000 ppm

34 CO2 (2000ppm)(3000ppm)()

56

0 2 4 6 8 10 12Time (min)

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0C

O2 [

ln(C

/C0)]

ACH: 6Y = -0.0741 * X + 0.1696R-squared = 0.987616

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16Time (min)

-1

-0.9

-0.8

-0.7

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

CO

2 [ ln

(C/C

0)]

ACH: 6Y = -0.074 * X + 0.076R-squared = 0.983355

35 CO2 (2000ppm)(3000ppm) ACH

57

8 4

4

11 6ACH 8 4 (M2M4 M6

M8) 4 (M1M3M5M7)

11 ACH

14 6ACH ACH

ACH 8 (M1~M8)

ACH 4 (M1 M3 M5 M7)

ACH 4 (M2 M4 M6 M8)

4.44 4.14 4.74

1/5H 4.41 4.48 4.32

2/5H 4.37 3.97 4.32

3/5H 4.27 4.11 4

4/5H 3.85 3.89 3.7

1/5H 4.39 3.69 4.06

2/5H 3.92 3.57 3.36

3/5H 3.63 3.19 3.24

4/5H 3.47 2.27 3.18

58

CO2

K ACH

ACH (4) 15

K

K 6ACH K 3% 6% 12

ACH K 1 4%

15 K 6ACH 12ACH

K K 0 1.35 0 1.9

20 1.39 20 1.92 40 1.45 40 2.02 60 1.48 60 2.04 80 1.58 80 2.24 20 1.55 20 1.923 40 1.73 40 2.2 60 1.87 60 2.23 80 2.2 80 2.67

CO2 1000ppm

59

36

36

60

1.

2. CO2 1000 ppm

1000 ppm

(1)

a.

b. CO2 5~8 m2 CO2

c. CO2 0~5000

ppm 210 ppm

d.

e. 16

(2)

a.

b. CO2 ACH

4 5~8 m2

c. CO2

0~5000 ppm 210 ppm.0.7 to 70 m3/min3% 0.1cfm

d.

e. 17

61

16

CO2

1(ppm) 7(ppm) 2(ppm) 8(ppm) 3(ppm) 9(ppm) 4(ppm) 10(ppm) 5(ppm) 11(ppm) 6(ppm) 12(ppm)

1. 2. 5~8m2

62

17

CO2

(m3/hr) (m3/hr) (m3/hr) (m3/hr) (m3) (m3)

ACH

ACH

(m3/hr) (m3/hr) (m3/hr) (m3/hr) (m3) (m3)

ACH

ACH

1. 2. 4 5~8m2

ACH

63

1. 1234

2. CO2

37 CO2 1000ppm SF6

1234 ACH

37

37

64

18

215 35 E212 98.02.06 66.625m2 IAQ CO2 431ppm

1(ppm) 536 4(ppm) 501 2(ppm) 490 5(ppm) 503 3(ppm) 507 6(ppm) 499

38

65

2. CO2 1000ppm

SF6

ACH

0 10 20 30 40Time (min)

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

SF 6

[ln(

C/C

0)]

Y = -0.0453X - 0.347R-squared = 0.963394

0 10 20 30 40

Time (min)

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

SF6 [

ln(C

/C0)]

Y = -0.0465 X - 0.263R-squared = 0.976304

0 10 20 30 40Time (min)

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

SF6 [

ln(C

/C0)]

Y = -0.0469X - 0.236R-squared = 0.978372

0 10 20 30 40

Time (min)

-2.5

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

SF6 [

ln(C

/C0)]

Y = -0.0483X - 0.235R-squared = 0.976388

39 SF6 ACH

19

SF6 1020CMH 186.55m3 1ACH 2.72 2ACH 2.79 3ACH 2.81 4ACH 2.90

66

40

67

CO2 1000ppm

1.

2000ppm 3000ppm

2.

K

68

69

70

[1] 2003

[2] 2002

[3] 2003

[4] 2002

[5] 2003

[6] 91 2002

[7] 2004

[8] U.S. Department of LaborRegulations (Standards 29 CFR), Ventilation. 1910.94.

[9] U.S. Department of LaborRegulations (Standards 29 CFR), Lead 1910.1025.

[10] ASHRAE1995Standard 110-Method of Testing Performance of Laboratory Fume

Hoods, Atlanta, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air- Conditioning

Engineers, Inc. [11] Chen, Q., Kooi, J.V.D., and Meyers, A.1988Measurements and computations of

ventilation efficiency and temperature efficiency in a ventilated room, Energy and

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72

CO2 1 CO2 .72 2 1/5H CO2 ..73 3 2/5H CO2 ..74 4 3/5H CO2 ..75 5 4/5H CO2 ..76 6 1/5H CO2 ..77 7 2/5H CO2 ..78 8 3/5H CO2 ..79 9 4/5H CO2 ..80 10 1/5H CO2 81 11 2/5H CO2 82 12 3/5H CO2 83 13 4/5H CO2 84 14 1/5H CO2 85 15 2/5H CO2 86 16 3/5H CO2 87 17 4/5H CO2 88

73

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74

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Documents

職場整體換氣性能規範之探討B3%F8%A7i%B0... · IOSH97-H307 職場整體換氣性能規範之探討 The Guideline and Performance of General Ventilation in Workplace 行政院勞工委員會勞工安全衛生研究所