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치치치치 치치치치 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular maturation

치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

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Page 1: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Oc-

clusion • The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion1) Dentitional development2) Craniofacial growth3) Neuromuscular maturation

Page 2: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

치열 발육의 단계

• 무치열기

• 유치열기

• 혼합치열기

• 영구치열기

Page 3: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

무치열기

• No tooth

Page 4: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

무치열기

• Natal tooth • Neonatal tooth

Page 5: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

무치열기

• Inclusion cyst

Page 6: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Gum pad

• Upper ant. gum pad– Wider (intercuspal width)

– 4-5mm protrude (overjet)

– 0.5mm overlap (overbite)

Page 7: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

OCCLUSION OF PRIMARY DENTITION

1. 유치열기는 인간이 갖는 최초의 교합상태

2. 유치열기의 기초가 영구치열기로 이동

3. 유치열기가 부재시에는 영구치열기가 부재 – Ectodermal dysplasia

Page 8: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Ectodermal dysplasia

Page 9: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

유치열기

• Primary teeth ;

– 태생 6 주에 형성 시작

– Enamel 은 1 세 까지 완성

– 24-36 개월 내에 모두 맹출

– 치근은 3 세까지 완성

Page 10: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Teething• 치생 , 생치 ( 齒生 , 生齒 )

– 치아의 맹출을 가져오는 전체과정 • Difficult Eruption

– 유치 맹출 시 전신장애• 불안 , 손가락 빨기 , 타액증가 ,

식욕감퇴

Page 11: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular
Page 12: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular
Page 13: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

유치열의 특성• Ovoid arch form

• Space – interdental space

– primate space

– leeway space

• Tooth axis (Vertical)

• Terminal plane(Flush)

• Minimal over bite & over jet(1mm)

Page 14: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

유치열의 특성• Interdental space

Page 15: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

유치열의 특성

• Primate space

Page 16: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

유치열의 특성

• Leeway space

Sum of (c-d-e) > (3-4-5) This allows more space for 3-4-5 This "leeway space" aver-ages 1.7 mm. in the mandibu-lar buccal segment; 0.9 in the maxillary buccal segment

Page 17: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

유치열의 특성• Tooth axis(Vertical)

Page 18: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

측두방사선 상에서 중절치 치축의 변화

유치열기 영구치맹출시

맹출1 년 후

9 세 10 세 11 세

상악palatalplane

93.4 109.2 110.7 111.1 114.5 115.6

하악Mdplane

88.4 85.2 93.0 93.7 97.6 98.0

Page 19: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

상하 절치 각도의 변화

Page 20: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

유치열기 교합 분석

• 목적 : 1. 조기진단 2. 영구치열의 교합예측

– Sagittal relationship– Vertical relationship – Transverse relationship

Page 21: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Sagittal relationship

• Molar occlusion– terminal plane(E)

• Canine occlusion

– CⅠ, CII, CIII

Page 22: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Primary dentition terminus

• 제 2 유구치의 distal terminal plane – 3 가지 분류

• a) flush terminal plane• b) mesial step

c) distal step– 유치열기에서 장래의 교합 상태를 예측할 수 있는 유일한

진단 형태는 terminal plane 이다

Page 23: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Flush terminal plane

Page 24: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Mesial step

Page 25: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Distal step

Page 26: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Terminal plane 의 영구치열 이행

Page 27: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Vertical relationship

• Normal

• open bite

• same plane

• deep bite

Page 28: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Transverse relationship

• normal

• cross bite

• scissor bite

Page 29: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

유치열의 변화

3y 6m 5y 6m

Page 30: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

혼합 치열기 교합

• Ideal dental arch pattern (7Y)– Tight proximal contact– No rotation– Specific B-L axial inclination– Specific M-D axial inclination– Even marginal ridge vertically– Flat occlusal plane– Excess leeway space

Page 31: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

치아위치를 결정하는 요인

• 유전적 요인• Mesial drifting tendency• 맹출의 intraoral stage

– 주변 근육 등• 교합기 (occlusal stage of eruption)– 교합근

Page 32: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Occlusal changes in Developing Dentition

• Arch length – 유중절치 incisal edge, 제 2 유구치

원심면• Arch width

– 전치부 intercanine arch width • C 의 tip or cingulum

– 구치부 intermolar arch width • E 의 central pit

• arch perimeter (circumference)

Page 33: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

• arch length - A• arch width - B• arch perimeter - C

Page 34: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Arch width (Moyer)

상악 하악

유치열 28.8 22.3

중절치 맹출 31.0 24.0

소구치 맹출 32.0 25.5

영구치열 33.6 25.5

Page 35: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Changes in the Inter-Canine Width

Inter-Canine Width: distance between the crown tips of cuspids

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

36

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Years

Moorrees, ‘59Moorrees, ‘59

I2

C

I1

I1

I2

C

I1

I2

C

C

I1

I2

Maxilla

Mandible

Males Females

Page 36: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Changes in the Bimolar Width

2 4 6 8 10

12

14

16

18

YEARS

34

36

38

40

42

㎜ Maxilla

Mandible

Males Females

Bimolar Width: distance between the MLC of the 1st Molar

Moorrees, ‘59Moorrees, ‘59

Page 37: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

10-yr-old10-yr-old

Van der Linden, ‘86Van der Linden, ‘86

Maxilla: continue to increase due to midpalatal sutu-ral growth

Mandible: no appreciable increase

Anterior section (between mesial sufaces of perm. canines)

Enlargement of Apical AreaEnlargement of Apical Area

4-yr-old4-yr-old

Page 38: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Arch Length

상악 하악

유치열 28.5 28.2

중절치 맹출 29.0 25.2

소구치 맹출 29.9 25.3

영구치열 28.5 23.5

Page 39: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Arch circumference 조절 factor

• Leeway space• Mesial drifting tendency• Interproximal wear• Lingual position of incisior• Change in angulation of the perma-

nent teeth• Growth

Page 40: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Mechanisms of Occlusal Adjustment

• End to end Class I molar rela-

tionship

– Early mesial shift

– Late mesial shift

– Maxilla 보다 Mandible 의 큰 전방 성장

Page 41: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Mechanisms of Occlusal Adjust-ment

Page 42: 치열궁의 성장발육 Development of Occlusion The three primary correlates of human dental occlusion 1) Dentitional development 2) Craniofacial growth 3) Neuromuscular

Ugly Duckling stage

• 절치와 견치의 맹출 사이의 시기 – 7-12 세

• 측절치는 심하게 flare 되어 중절치 사이에 간격

• 일시적인 것으로 영구 견치가 제 위치로 맹출 함에 따라 간격이 감소