长难句分析北京市第五十中学 毕扬扬

He has 3 lovely sons but he was unhappy

,to tell the truth,

,because he lived in fear of the possibility

that he would be forced to leave for the war.

插入语

状 语 定 语

同 位 语

为了简化长句，我们可以先忽略附属成分只留下句子主干。

五个基本句式：

He has 3 lovely sons but he was unhappy.

并列句

句

子

类

型

只有一套主谓结构

有主句有从句

有一套以上的主谓结构和明显的连词

That is why slight differences in conversational style

——tiny little things like microseconds of pause——

can have a great effect on one’s life. (2012北京， C)

【句子类型 1 】 _____________________含有插入成分的句子

【策略2 】 _________________________

忽略插入成分，直奔句子主题

Sentences practice:1. The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities.(2010北京 ,C)

2.Professor H.Siegel, honored by Kentucky Educational Television as “the best math teacher in America,” is a devoted teacher and has a gift for explaining mathematical concepts in ways that make them seem clear and obvious. (2012 北京 ,A)

【句子类型 2 】 __________________

The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage complex ideas.(2011北京， D)

含有多个从句复合句

【策略2 】 _______________________

先忽略从句，提炼主干，再重读从句

注意：主、宾、表语从句是主干，不要忽略。 :

Sentences practice:1. As the railroads and the highways shaped the

American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating and transmission system for the 21th century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. (2011北京 ,D)

2. I wanted to separate the world into “them”, who trade in pictures of bodies or run after famous people like Princess Diana, and “us”, the serious newspeople.(2012西城一模， D)

【句子类型 3 】 __________________带有多种成分的简单句

【策略 3 】 _______________________去枝叶，留主干，简化长句

作定语和状语的分词，不定式

The 19th century saw land grants(政府拨地 )

offered to railroad companies to build the

transcontinental railroads, leaving the public

land in between privately owned land. (2011 北京， D)

Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as a short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year to reduce unemployment pressure.(2009江苏 )

【策略 2 】 _______________________去枝叶，留主干，简化长句

作定语和状语的介词短语和名词短语

Sentences practice:1.Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. (2012北京 ,B)2.Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazine, the toothpaste marketer, for instance, must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used.

The urge to leave the subject of such images

untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation(开发 ) brings to such landscapes(景观 ) is real. (2012

北京， D)

【句子类型4 】 _______________________

并列句与复合句并存

【策略 4 】 _________________________先忽略从句找主干，看到并列连词，找并列成分

Sentences practice:1. It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected

relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American.(2010北京， C)

2. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community.(2011北京， D)

Reading practice:1. Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced still swim as well as ever since.

并列的谓语动词，共用同一个主语 grown-ups

2. The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表 ) are

an exception to the general rule that we forget

rather quickly the things that we learn in

school, because they are another of the things

we overlearn in childhood.

3. The law of overlearning explains why

cramming(突击学习 ) for an examination,

though it may result in a passing grade, is not

a satisfactory way to learn a college course.

Thank you!