동북아 근해운송의 전망Short Sea Shipping System in Northeast Asia

2006. 2. 10-13제 3 차 선상물류 세미나

인하대학교 교수 이재욱

주관 : 한국로지스틱스학회 ,   선상물류동우회 , 물류신문사

Contents

동북아 근해운송 개요

• Introduction

• SSS System in Europe

• Marco Polo Program

• SSS System in USA

• SSS System in Northeast Asia

• Conclusion

구분 연안해운 근해운송 (SSS)

수송모드 해운 단독 육 - 해 - 공 복합연계수송물류방식 고전물류 통합물류적용기술 재래식 기술 신기술운용형식 Feeder Feeder, Freight Ferry,

열차페리 , Sea & Air 등기대효과 - 도로정체 완화 ,

고부가 물류시스템 창출 환경영향 - 환경친화형

동북아 근해운송 개요 (1)

근해운송시스템 (Short Sea Shipping) ;기존 연안해운과는 수송모드 , 물류방식 , 적용기술 , 운용형식 등에서 차별됨 .

현재 유럽의 지중해 , 북해 및 발트해에서 발달되어 있음 .

미국 , 캐나다 및 멕시코는 근해운송 활성화를 공동 개발 중에 있음 .

연안해운과 근해운송의 비교

동북아 물류시장 확대에 따른 한중일 근해운송시스템의 활성화

한중일 3국을 근해운송망으로 연결하여 항공 및 육상교통과 통합된

물류체계로 수송효율을 높이고 물류비 절감으로 경쟁력 강화

동북아 근해운송 발전을 위한 기술개발 , 제도 의 표준화 등 공동연구 및

협력체제 필요

한중일 근해운송 표준화 Pilot 사업의 산학연 공동추진

- 한중일 간 해상항로와 한중일 내륙교통망을 연결하는 복합수송망 구축

- 근해운송시스템의 표준화 Pilot 사업을 한중일 3 국이 공동으로 참여

추진

동북아 근해운송 개요 (2)

1. Introduction

What is Short Sea Shipping ?

Maritime transport between ports in Asia, including ;

national coastal shipping between two ports of the

same country.

intra-Asian international shipping whose ports of

origin and destinations are Asian ports.

the Asian leg of inter-ocean trades.

* Source : ECMC, Short Sea Shipping in Europe

Why Short Sea Shipping ?

To promote Asian trade competitiveness

To decrease unit cost of transport

To relieve road congestion from road based networks

To mitigate pollution

To develop vital transport links

Background

European short sea shipping has achieved great success for last 15 years to shift cargos from road transport

Road congestion results increase of transport cost & air pollution in Europe

Short sea shipping is a turning point from road congestion for Northeast Asia

Short Sea Shipping in C-J-K region is best practices for users, operators, regulators and infrastructure providers

Modal Split Deviation

(%, t-km)

Background

* Data based on year of 2002, Pentaport project

Mode USA EU-15 China Japan Korea

Road 28.0 45.0 24.0 53.8 76.0

Rail 39.8 7.8 55.1 3.8 5.9

Inland Waterways 9.0 4.0 5.5 N.A. N.A.

Coastal Sea 7.6 40.4 15.4 42.0 18.0

Pipelines 15.3 2.8 N.A. N.A. N.A.

Objectives

To strengthen competitiveness of logistics in

Northeast Asia

To establish the foundation of SSS system for

China-Japan-Korea region

To develop new standards for C-J-K SSS System

equivalent to the international standards (ISO

Standards)

2. SSS System in Europe

Outline of SSS Promotion Policy in Europe

A first communication policy on SSS (1985)

• Towards a common transport policy on Maritime Transport

Communication Policy on SSS (1986-1997)

• The Development of Short Sea Shipping in Europe

• Backing for measures to promote short sea shipping

• Sea Ports and Maritime Infrastructure

White Paper on European Transport Policy (2001)

• To ensure competitive and sustainable mobility in Europe by 2010, the majority of which is SSS.

Outline of SSS Promotion Policy in Europe

Competitive and Sustainable Growth (2002)

• ‘ITIP(Innovative Technologies for Intermodal Transfer

Points)’ has been presented.

Program for Promotion of Short Sea Shipping (2003)

• 14 individual actions subdivided into measures.

• Divided into Legislative, Technical and Operational measures.

- year 2000

Figure 2 :

- year 2000

- year 2000

Actions of EC Commission for SSS

1st 2005. Continue

5. Improving the Environmental Performance of Short Sea Shipping - Improve the environmental performance of SSS, including the adoption

and implementation of the legal proposal to reduce the sulphur content of

marine fuels.

From 2003

4. Motorways of the Sea - TEN-T(Trans European Network)

1st 2004. Continue

3. Intermodal Loading Unit - Development of Pallet, Swap Body, Container etc.

1st 2003-20062nd,2007-2013

2. Marco Polo - Modal Shift from road transport

From 09. 2003

1. IMO FAL - Implementation of the Directive on certain reporting formalities for

ships to arrive in and/or depart from ports in the Member States.

DeadlineLegislative Actions

continue

9. Research and Technological Development (RTD) - To advance Short Sea Shipping and port procedures in line with the

latest technological innovations.

continue

8. Approximate National Applications and Computerization of Community Customs Procedures - Adoption of NCTS (New Computerized Transit System) for abt. 3,000

customs offices of 22 EU countries

1st 2003. Continue

7. Identification and Elimination of Obstacles to Making Short Sea Shipping More Successful that It is Today - Scrutinize the identified obstacles systematically, item by item, with a

view to eliminating them.

From 2003

6. Guide to Customs Procedures for Short Sea Shipping - Guide to Customs Procedures for Short Sea Shipping

DeadlineTechnical Actions

Actions of Commission of EC for SSS

By 2006

14. Collection of Statistical Information - Database of collecting statistical data from European Sea Ports

Organisation (ESPO)

continue

13. Promote the image of Short Sea Shipping as a successful Transport - Distribution of information on the mode and participation in

conferences, seminars and workshops.

continue12. Ensuring Good Functions of and Guidance to Short Sea Promotion Centers

From 1999

11. Ensuring the Vital Role of Short Sea Shipping Focal Points

continue

10. One-Stop Administrative Shop - Simplify and speed up the formalities relating to the arrival,

departure and clearance of ships.

DeadlineOperational Actions

Actions of Commission of EC for SSS

Motorway of the Sea(TEN-T)

1. Motorway of the

Baltic Sea

2. Motorway of the Sea of Western Europe

3. Motorway of the Sea of Southeast Europe

4. Motorway of the Sea of Southwest Europe

Actions of Commission of EC for SSS

European SSS Markets for 2001-2010

EU long-distance transport on annual SSS traffic growth rates

- Germany & UK : 4-5% - Spain & Germany, Benelux : 10-11% - Iberian Peninsula & British Isles : 9-10% - Italy & Spain : 11-12%

The expansion of the UE to the East will bring new flows with rapid growth rates :

- Poland & Baltic States to Atlantic destinations

- Rumania & Bulgaria to Mediterranean destinations

* Source : ISO TC/8 Seminar June, 2002

3. Marco Polo Program

Objects of Marco Polo Project

To reduce road congestion

To enhance traffic safety and to improve the

environmental performance of the freight

transport system

Contributing to an efficient and sustainable

transport system

Scope of Marco Polo Project

Marco Polo I (1st Stage) : 2003 – 2006

- Total Budget : 100 Mil. Euros

- Target of Modal Shift : 12 Billion ton-km/year

Marco Polo II (2nd Stage) : 2007 – 2013

- Total Budget : 740 Mil. Euros

- Target of Modal Shift : 21 Billion ton-km/year

2,126

840

21.0

2,073

819

21.0

2,019

798

21.0

1,966

777

20.2

1,915

757

20.2

1,864

737

20.2

1,813

717

20.2

1,762

696

Road Transport

International road transport

Off the road target

20132012201120102009200820072006

Off the road target in EU-25 (billion ton-kilometer)

Modal split of freight transport in EU- 15 (ton- km)

40%

45%

3%

8% 4%

SeaRoadPipelinesRailInland Waterways

Aims of Marco Polo Project

As of 2002

Actions of Marco Polo II

1. Modal Shift Action (Just shift freight off road)

- Setting up a new service or link

-Increasing efficiency at terminals and borders

- IT (tracking and tracing) and vehicle technology

- New terminals and transhipment equipment

- Ancillary infrastructure

2. Motorways of the Sea (Innovative on a European level)

- High frequency and high quality intermodal services

- Flexible and efficient port services

- Good access to ports and efficient hinterland connections

- Simplified procedures and inspections

Actions of Marco Polo II

3. Rail Synergy (Innovative on a European level)

- Combined freight-passenger use of platforms and stations

- Higher utilization of existing transport infrastructure

- Road journeys remain as short as possible in “door-to-door” services

4. Catalyst Action (Overcome structural market barriers)

- High speed and non-stop intermodal services

- Tri-modal compatible and other innovative loading units

- Reliable transport and logistics information systems

5. Transport Efficiency Action- Services that increase load factors & services with less empty running

- Vehicle technologies with improved and enlarged cargo deck

- Relocation of production or distribution sites & Less links in logistical chain

- Product design and product modifications to diminish goods volume/ weight

- Extract water or air from the goods & diminishing empty packaging

- Digitalize the goods

- Reduction of waste flows

6. Common Learning Action

- Improve cooperation and sharing of know -how of Modal Split and

Traffic Avoidance

- Feasibility studies and improving stakeholders' understanding

- Improving and adapting procedures and methods

- Training

Actions of Marco Polo II

4. SSS System in USA

U.S. global maritime tradeexpected to double by 2020

10,000 more trucks per day projected on the I-95

corridor

Cost of expanding U.S. highway system is significant:

New highwayNew highway$32 Million$32 Million

per lane mileper lane mile

New interchangeNew interchangeoverover

$100 Million$100 Million

Maritime Administration - Short Sea ShippingMaritime Administration - Short Sea Shipping

25,000 miles of Inland and

Coastal Waterways

Port connections to 45,000 miles of

interstate highways

Waterway links to 460,000 miles of pipelines

Waterways connections to 152,000 miles

of rail

Maritime Administration - Short Sea ShippingMaritime Administration - Short Sea Shipping

Support Commercial Initiatives

Share Information

Form Cooperative

Program

Develop Legislative Initiatives

Maritime Administration - Short Sea ShippingMaritime Administration - Short Sea Shipping

Support for Start-Up Operations

Backing for Outreach

Cooperative Program Support

Support for Maritime Solutions

Remove Obstacles to Transportation Initiatives

Program Success Requires:Program Success Requires:

Maritime Administration - Short Sea ShippingMaritime Administration - Short Sea Shipping

5. SSS System in Northeast Asia

Global Shipping routes between Europe & Asia

Short Sea Shipping in NE Asia

Lessons from EU - Efficient, modern marine transportation - Ports, Ships, Swap bodies, Customs

Modal share of Goods transportation (Korea) - Road : rapid increase - Rail : decrease - Coastal : 18% (in weight), no increase

China Japan Korea

Rail(55.1%)

Rail(3.8%)

Rail(5.9%)Road(53.8%) Road(76.0%)

Coastal(42.0%)

Coastal(18.0%)

Coastal(15.4%) Road

(24.0%)Inland Waterway

(5.5%)

How to develop the C-J-K SSS System ?

020406080

100120140160180200

1996 2001 2002

Korea- JapanKorea-ChinaChina- Japan

Container Trade Volume among C-J-K

unit :10,000 TEU

year

Standardization of SSS System in C-J-K Region

Ships objective : - Fast Container Carrier - Train Ferry - Barge, etc

Terminal Facilities : - Cargo handling systems - Transshipment, etc.

SSS Support Systems : - SSS Information Networks - Identification and Location Technologies for Intermodal Transport - Customs Clearance - Container Security Initiatives etc.

New or Old Technologies

New: Shanghai Super Express(20.8kts) Old: Pusher Barge Fleet

Ships objective

Fast or Slow Ships

New Camellia (23.5knots) Barges (less than 10knots)

Ships Objective

• Train Ferry System for Korea-China and Korea-Japan

• Short Sea Shipping linkage to TAR (Trans Asian Railway)

• Standardization Target : Ship and Harbor Facility

Train Ferry in Baltic Sea SSS linkages to TAR

Train Ferry System

Ships Objective

WAREHOUSES-CFS

INLAND CONTAINER TERMINAL, LO/LO BARGE ACCESS

Rail Mounted Gantry Crane

Loaded Container Stack

To/fromOver-the-RoadVans

Direct Delivery of Containerfrom Barge to Warehouse Door

To/fromGrounded ISOContainer

Two-way ContainerOn Chassis Loading Lane

LO/LO Container Barge

Terminal Facilities

Inland Waterway Container Terminal

10.0m

Max.

Min.

Container cranes

FloatingContainerTerminal Abso

rbing Devices

CTYS

Fixing Anchor

Container crane

10.0m

Max.

Min.

Bridge support

Connection Bridge

Ship

FloatingContainerTerminal

Couplings

Absorbing Devices

CTYS

Floating Container Terminal

Terminal Facilities

RoPax (Pallet Loading/Unloading) System of EU

Cargo Handling SystemsTerminal Facilities

CTYS 2000

• Train Loader

• Container Pallet handling system patented by CTYS, Inha University

Train Loader Container Pallet handling system

Terminal Facilities

Study on SSS System in C-J-K region

Domestic cargo movements by transport modes

Trade cargo volume within Northeast Asia

Distance from the cargo origin and destination

SSS transport model for typical shipping network

• economical analysis

• transport reliability

• transport efficiency

Strategies for Standardization of SSS System

Formation of C-J-K co-research team

- Seminars and meetings

Establishment of work scope

- working groups, experts

- SSS network, ship & transshipment technologies, freight unit container standardization etc.

Seek governmental support in policies and finance to promote NE Asian SSS system.

- Pilot project for C-J-K SSS System

Strategies for Standardization of SSS System

Governmental agreement for SSS promotion is essential for success of S-dialogue of C-J-K.

Extend common effort for standardization and promotion of the SSS system to ASEAN region

Strategies for Standardization of SSS System

C-J-K SSS SystemPromotion Committee

Project Selection Establishing Guidelines and Strategies Organization of each W/G

MOU

Working Group-ILegislative Sys

Standardization of procedures and documents for C-J-K SSS system Standardization of inter- modal loading units Develop “Sea Motorways” in Northeast Asia

Working Group-II Technical Sys

Standardization of Ships, Port Facilities, Trans- shipment equipments etc. Improvement of customs procedures Develop identification & location technologies for intermodal transport

Working Group-III Operational Sys

Develop C-J-K SSS network system Simplification and reduction of procedures and documents. Develop Interconnection and interoperability of land and sea.

Conclusion

Topics to improve SSS System in C-J-K

region

SSS Communication & Promotion Projects

SSS Networks & Pilot Projects

Standardization of SSS System :

- Unit Loading System

- Customs Clearances

- Port Services

- Port Security, etc

Short Sea Promotion Centers

C-J-K Cooperation for SSS SystemC-J-K Cooperation for SSS System

To induce synergetic effects in enhancing logistics chain among three countries. To reduce social cost caused by improper domestic logistics chain. (air pollution, infra costs, traffic accident, congestion, etc.) To promote technical and systematic C-J-K joint research programs to initiate;

Sea-hinterland intermodal system Sea Motorways of C-J-K Pilot Projects in SSS

To implement one-stop seamless logistics in NE Asia.

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011-2015

C-J-K

S

tan

dard

izatio

n

Tech

nolo

gie

s

Hard

ware

S

oftw

are

Organization of Committee & W/G

Case Study of Int’l STD & Regulations

Works for C-J-K STD

Publication of

C-J-K STD

Standardization of SSS Ships(Ro-Ro, High Speed Container Ship, Train Ferry, Barge, etc.)

Standardization of Intermodal System(Road, Railway & Air)

Standardization of High Speed Loading/Unloading Equipments & Transshipment Equipments

Standardization of Identification & Location System

Standardization of custom clearance &documentation

Standardization of SSS Information Networks

Standardization of Security Initiatives for SSS system

The Virtual Port of the Future

미주

동남아 /유럽

KTXJR

TCR

TKR

TMR

Lianyungang

Yantai

TMGR