POLITICE
Secia Cercetri Sci!De"#ra$ice a%e Fa"i%iei
G&er#&e PALADI, C'(ta'ti' MATEI,
O%#a GAGAUZ, Iri'a CAUNENCO
TRANSFORM)RI DEMOGRAFICE,
 
CZU 3456745-4
Rec"a'*at +e'tr/ +/%icare *e C'(i%i/% .tii'i$ic a% I'(tit/t/%/i *e Fi%8$ie, Sci%#ie .i tii'e
P%itice a% Aca*"iei *e tii'e a M%*9ei
Autorii: Gheorghe Paladi, aca*e"icia', *ctr &ai%itat :' "e*ici'; Constantin Matei, +r$e(r, *ctr &ai%itat :' ec'"ie; Dumitru Tintiuc, +r$e(r, *ctr &ai%itat :' "e*ici'; Olga Gagauz, c'$ere'iar, *ctr :' (ci%#ie;  Irina Caunenco, c'$ere'iar, *ctr :' +(i&%#ie;  Diana Corcodel , *ctr :' "e*ici'; cercettrii .tii'i$ici6 Olga Penina, Lucia Gaper, Inga Sîncheici, Olesea Cruc
Colegiul de redacie: aca*-Gheorghe Paladi, *r-Olga Gagauz
Refereni: +r$- *r- !asile G"#$%& 
Redactor: Dumitru 'OIC& 
<' "'#ra$ie (:'t +re8e'tate re8/%tate +ri'ci+a%e a%e cercetri%r  (ci!*e"#ra$ice .i (ci!+(i&%#ice rea%i8ate *e ctre c%ecti9/% Seciei Cercetri Sci!De"#ra$ice a%e Fa"i%iei :' ca*r/% te"ei i'(tit/i'a%e =Tra'($r"ri *e"#ra$ice .i i'$%/e'a %r a(/+ra re%aii%r $a"i%ia%e6  +r%e"e "e*ic!(cia%e, *e"#ra$ice .i (ci!+(i&%#ice>-
Se a*re(ea8 (+ecia%i.ti%r :' *"e'ii%e (ci%#iei, *e"#ra$iei,  +(i&%#iei .i t/t/rr ce%r i'tere(ai *e +r%e"e%e *e"#ra$ice, $a"i%ia%e .i ('tii ++/%aiei-
ISBN ?2@!??2!??3!7!@
 
Secia Cercetri Sci!De"#ra$ice a%e Fa"i%iei a I'(tit/t/%/i *e Fi%8$ie, Sci%#ie .i tii'e P%itice a% A--M%*9ei, 0112
C U P R I N S
CUVÎNT ÎNAINTE  (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((()
§1. Evoluia efectivului populaiei: situaii i perspective de dezvoltare 44
§2. Consideraii privind micarea natural a populaiei Repulicii !oldova "n perioada anilor 1#$%&2%%' 05
§(. )ezvoltarea demografic i sntatea reproductiv a populaiei 0
§*. !igraia populaiei i consecinele ei demografice+ economice i sociale 24
Capitolul II. SCHIMBRI ÎN STRUCTURA POPULAIEI  REPUBLICII MOLDOVA A!IRMAREA I EVOLUIA  PROCESULUI DE ÎMBTRÎNIRE DEMO"RA!IC  ((((((((-
§1. Caracteristici "n evoluia structurii populaiei+ diferenieri pe se,e+ v"rste i medii sociale ?@
§2. -articulariti specifice ale procesului de "mtr"nire demografic a populaiei "n Repulica !oldova+ anii 1#(%& 2%%* 443
§(. raii de v"rsta a treia: starea sntii i factorii determinani 432
Capitolul III. PROBLEME SOCIODEMO"RA!ICE ALE !AMILIEI I CSTORIEI  ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((+)* 
§1. -articulatitile evoluiei familiei i cstoriei la etapa contemporan 42
3
 
§2 /nele aspecte ale evoluiei cstoriilor etnic mi,te "n conte,tul socio&cultural nou 01@
§( 0amilia monoparental: aspecte sociodemografice i medicale 001
§* -resa i mediatizarea prolemelor sociale ale familiei 00
Capitolul IV. PROBLEME PSIHOLO"ICE ALE SOCIALI#RII   ETNICE A ADOLESCENILOR I TINERILOR ÎN PERIOADA TRANS!ORMRILOR SOCIALE  (((((((((((((((((((((((./
§1. -articularitile psiologice ale identitii etnice ale adolescenilor din Repulica !oldova 0?5
§2. dentitatea social a tinerilor la etapa contemporan 341
§(. -rolema toleranei i cutarea cilor de formare a competenei etnoculturale 307
5
56R7)/CERE
Ei(t "ai "/%te ar#/"e'te :' $a9area a+ariiei /'ei %/crri c'(acrate tra'($r"ri%r *e"#ra$ice, 9ieii $a"i%ia%e .i ('tii ++/%aiei- De89%tarea (ciec'"ic */rai% :' rice ar *e+i'*e, :' "are "(/r, *e e$icacitatea $r"rii .i /ti%i8rii  +te'ia%/%/i /"a'- <' /%ti"e%e *ece'ii Re+/%ica M%*9a (e c'$r/'t c/ /' .ir *e +r%e"e *e"#ra$ice ca re*/cerea 'ata%itii, :"tr:'irea ++/%aiei, "i#raia, care a/ "/%tit/*i'e *e c'(eci'e (cia%e, ec'"ice, +%itice, c/%t/ra%e 'e$a9rai%e .i 'ece(it e%ararea /'r "(/ri e$icie'te +e'tr/ (tai%i8area (it/aiei-
Me*iati8area (it/aiei *e"#ra$ice act/a%e, te'*i'e%r ei *e *e89%tare .i ar#/"e'tarea *eci8ii%r care ar +/tea a"e%ira acea(t (it/aie (:'t (arci'i +ri"r*ia%e +e'tr/ (+ecia%i.tii *i' *i$erite *"e'ii6 +%itic, ec'"ic, (ci%#ic, *e"#ra$ic, "e*ica%,  +(i&%#ic etc- A(t8i +/te" a$ir"a c 9iitr/% rii, *e89%tarea ei */rai% *e+i'*e, :' "(/r *eci(i9, *e $a+t/% c/" 9r $i (%/i'ate +r%e"e%e *e"#ra$ice, *e +%itici%e care 9r $i e%arate +e'tr/ (tai%i8area '/"r/%/i *e ++/%aie, *e aci/'i%e ce 9r $i :'tre+ri'(e :' 9e*erea ate'/rii c'(eci'e%r :"tri'irii  ++/%aiei-
Pe +arc/r(/% /%ti"i%r 1 *e a'i :' tat %/"ea a/ a9/t %c (c&i"ri +r$/'*e .i "/%ti%atera%e- U'a *i' +artic/%ariti%e (+eci$ice a%e ace(tei e+ci re+re8i't cre.terea ra+i* a '/"r/%/i  ++/%aiei :' ri%e (%a *e89%tate .i re*/cerea %/i e(e'ia% :' ri%e ec'"ic a9a'(ate- E/r+a c/+ /' %c *e(eit *i' +/'ct/% *e 9e*ere a% *i'a"icii ++/%aiei- Ea e(te /'ic/% c'ti'e't, /'*e :' ti"+ *e ci'ci a'i 4???!0115 '/"r/% ++/%aiei (!a "ic.rat a+ri"ati9 c/ 1, "%' *e a"e'i a'/a%- C"+arati9 c/ A"erica *e  Nr*, /'*e, c'$r" +r#'8e%r ei(te'te, :' +ri"a /"tate a ace(t/i (ec% 9a c'ti'/a cre.terea '/"r/%/i ++/%aiei, :' E/r+a :' +eria*a a'i%r 0111!011 '/"r/% ++/%aiei +ate ( (e "ic.re8e c/ 43H .i, ca re8/%tat, +'*erea ++/%aiei e/r+e'e :' '/"r/% tta% *e a"e'i +e G% (e 9a re*/ce *e %a 40H +:' %a 2H-
Re*/cerea '/"r/%/i ++/%aiei :' "aritatea ri%r (e e+%ic +ri' (c*erea c'ti'/ a 'ata%itii- <' E/r+a i'*icii
2
 
$erti%itii (!a/ (tai%it %a /' 'i9e% care '/ a(i#/r re+r*/cerea (i"+% a ++/%aiei "ai +/i' *e 4, c+ii +er $e"eie, (a/ %a /' 'i9e% $arte (c8/t "ai +/i' *e 4,3 c+ii +er $e"eie- Ace.ti i'*ici (:'t *eter"i'ai *e a%e#erea +e care $ac "ii *e c/+%/ri c'/#a%e re$eritr %a 'a.terea c+ii%r- <' ri%e care trec %a re%aii%e *e +ia, i'c%/(i9 Re+/%ica M%*9a, acea(t a%e#ere :' "/%te ca8/ri (e e+%ic +ri' *i$ic/%ti "ateria%e, +(ii%iti re*/(e a%e $a"i%ii%r :' cre.terea .i e*/carea c+ii%r- I'*icii (c8/i ai 'ata%itii :' E/r+a */c '/ '/"ai %a re*/cerea c'ti'/ a '/"r/%/i ++/%aiei, ci .i %a "ic.rarea '/"r/%/i .i :"tr:'irea $rei *e "/'c :' cea "ai a+r+iat +er(+ecti9, ceea ce e(te $arte i"+rta't- Ace(te (c&i"ri (tr/ct/ra%e +r9ac cre.terea c'(i*erai% a (arci'ii *e"#ra$ice, "area8 c&e%t/ie%i%e (tate%r +e'tr/ a(i#/rarea  ++/%aiei c/ +e'(ii, *e89%tarea (i(te"/%/i *e +rtecie (cia%, crtirea ('tii-
A%t +r%e" c/ i"+%icaii i"+rta'te a(/+ra +rce(e%r  *e"#ra$ice e(te (tarea *e ('tate a ++/%aiei- <' ace(t a(+ect (e  +(trea8 *i$ere'e (e"'i$icati9e :'tre E/r+a Occi*e'ta% .i cea *e E(t- Dac :' ri%e cci*e'ta%e (tarea *e ('tate a ++/%aiei +ate $i a+reciat ca /', iar i'*icii "rta%itii ca $ii'* *e(t/% *e re*/.i, :' ri%e e(t!e/r+e'e, :'*e(ei :' (+ai/% +(t(9ietic, rit"/ri%e *e a"e%irare a i'*ici%r ('tii ++/%aiei .i *e re*/cere a "rta%itii (:'t c/ "/%t "ai %e'te *ec:t :' ri%e cci*e'ta%e, ra+rt/% :'tre i'*icii 'ata%itii .i cei ai "rta%itii :'re#i(tr:'*/!(e :' 9a%ri 'e#ati9e- Te'*i'e%e act/a%e :' *"e'i/% ('tii .i "rta%itii re$%ect (ta'*ar*e%e *e 9ia a i'*i9i8i%r- Mrta%itatea :'a%t +ri'tre  raii :' 9:r(t a+t *e "/'c e(te %e#at c/ a/8/% *e a%c%, $/"at/%, a%i"e'taia i'crect- M/%te ca/8e *e *ece(, ca acci*e'te%e, 9i%e'a, %i%e car*i9a(c/%are, t/erc/%8a, +t $i *i"i'/ate, *at $ii'* $a+t/% c (:'t *eter"i'ate *e 'i9e%/% *e i'(tr/ire a +er(a'e%r, *e ."a, (rcie, "ar#i'a%i8area (cia%, +rec/" .i *e rit"/ri%e %e'te *e *e89%tare ec'"ic- O +r%e" +ri"r*ia% +e'tr/ ace(t #r/+ *e ri, *i' care $ace +arte .i Re+/%ica M%*9a, e(te %/area /'r "(/ri e$icie'te +e'tr/ a"e%irarea ('tii ++/%aiei, i'c%/(i9 ('tii re+r*/cti9e, +re%/'#irea */ratei *e 9ia, :'*e(ei *e 9ia ('ta(-
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 +rce(e%r *e"#ra$ice c/ "/%t "ai c"+%icat, "ar:'* i'ter*e+e'*e'a :' *e89%tarea *e"#ra$ic a *i$erite%r ri- <'r/tirea (it/aiei +e +iaa "/'cii :' Re+/%ica M%*9a, cre.terea ."a/%/i, care a a$ectat "/%t ++/%aia t:'r, 'i9e%/% (c8/t a% (a%arii%r :' ar a/ */( %a "i#raia :' "a( a $rei *e "/'c +e(te &tare- Pri'tre "i#ra'ii *e "/'c cea "ai "are  +'*ere c'(tit/ie ++/%aia :' 9:r(t *e 01!51 *e a'i, *eci  +er(a'e%e *e 9:r(t re+r*/cti9, "/%te *i'tre care '/ (e 9r "ai :'tarce :' ar- <' ri%e! #a8* "i#ra'ii *i' Re+/%ica M%*9a (:'t c/+ai :' (ectr/% "/'ci%r 'eca%i$icate, :' "/%te ca8/ri a$%area %r ac% e(te i%e#a%, iar "/'ca $r a(i#/rare "e*ica% *e(eri */ce %a :'r/tirea ('tii- Pe'tr/ /'e%e ri c/ ++/%aia :"tr:'it "i#raia e(te (/r( *e c"+%etare a $rei *e "/'c,  +e'tr/ a%te%e, ca Re+/%ica M%*9a, acea(ta +ate a9ea c'(eci'e cata(tr$a%e :' ceea ce +ri9e.te ca%itatea .i '/"r/% ++/%aiei-
<' (+ai/% e/r+ea' (e (er9 (c&i"ri +r$/'*e :' c"+rta"e't/% $a"i%ia% a% ++/%aiei- N/ e(te ece+ie %a ace(t a(+ect 'ici Re+/%ica M%*9a- S/iecii +ri'ci+a%i ai ace(tr  tra'($r"ri (:'t "ii%e *e +er(a'e .i *e c/+%/ri c'/#a%e, care ia/ *eci8ii i"+rta'te +ri9i'* c(tria (a/ $r"area re%aii%r *e  +arte'eriat, 'a.terea c+ii%r :' $a"i%ie (a/ :' a$ara ei, *e a *e9e'i (a/ '/ +ri'te, *e a *i9ra (a/ a +(tra $a"i%ia etc- A*e(eri ace(te *eci8ii (e ia/ (/ i'$%/e'a /'r $actri ec'"ici, (cia%i .i c/%t/ra%i *i' re#i/'i%e re(+ecti9e- <' +re8e't c'(tat" re*/cere a '/+ia%itii .i 'ata%itii, cre.terea i'(tai%itii $a"i%iei, a '/"r/%/i *e /'i/'i %iere .i *e 'a.teri etrac'/#a%e- E(te e9i*e't $a+t/% c ace(te (c&i"ri i'$%/e'ea8 (e"'i$icati9 *i'a"ica +rce(e%r  *e"#ra$ice- A":'area c(triei .i a 'a.terii c+ii%r e(te /'a *i' ca/8e%e +ri'ci+a%e a%e (c*erii $erti%itii, iar cre.terea '/"r/%/i *e $a"i%ii "'+are'ta%e 'ece(it "(/ri (/+%i"e'tare :' +%a'/%  +rteciei (cia%e a ace(tra .i a(i#/rarea .a'(e%r e#a%e *e cre.tere .i e*/caie a c+ii%r at:t *i' $a"i%ii%e c"+%ete, c:t .i *i' ce%e i'c"+%ete-
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(tri'#e't e%ararea /'r "(/ri +%itice e$icie'te :' a8a re8/%tate%r (t/*ii%r .tii'i$ice, +r#'8e%r e9%/iei ++/%aiei-
<' acea(t "'#ra$ie (:'t +re8e'tate re8/%tate%e cercetri%r  e$ect/ate :' ca*r/% Seciei Cercetri Sci!De"#ra$ice a%e Fa"i%iei :' /%ti"ii a'i, care re$%ect te'*i'e%e act/a%e a%e +ri'ci+a%e%r   +rce(e *e"#ra$ice *i' Re+/%ica M%*9a e9%/ia (+r/%/i 'at/ra%, $erti%itii, 'ata%itii, '/+ia%itii, "rta%itii, "i#raiei :' c'tete%e e/r+ea' .i #%a%- Sc+/% +ri'ci+a% a% cercetri%r e(te e9i*e'ierea +artic/%ariti%r (+eci$ice a%e +rce(e%r '"i'a%i8ate :' *i'a"ic, a +r%e"e%r ce 'ece(it re8%9are +ractic-
M'#ra$ia c/+ri'*e .i re8/%tate%e cercetri%r e"+irice e$ect/ate +e +arc/r(/% a "ai "/%i a'i a%e +artic/%ariti%r *e9e'irii i*e'titii et'ice %a a*%e(ce'i .i ti'eri- Rea%itatea (cia% :'  +er"a'e't (c&i"are a */( %a "*i$icri i"+rta'te :' (i(te"/% *e a/ti*e'ti$icare (cia% a +er('a%itii, +rec/" .i %a (c&i"area  +rce(e%r *e i*e'ti$icare- Sit/aia act/a% (e caracteri8ea8 +ri' *i'a"i(", c'tra*icie, i'(tai%itate, *i$/8i/'e, #e'er:'* %a a"e'i (i"/% a'ietii *i' ca/8a %i+(ei rie'tri%r (cia%e (tai%e- Mic.rarea, +ier*erea (a/ "ararea a/ti*e'ti$icrii c/ *i$erite #r/+/ri (cia%e i'$%/e'ea8 c'(i*erai% a(/+ra +rce(e%r *e "i#raie, *e a*a+tare (ci+(i&%#ic a i'*i9i8i%r, t%era'ei (a/ i't%era'ei et'ice-
C'c%/8i':'*, (/%i'ie" c acea(t "'#ra$ie re+re8i't %/crare c"+%e care $er i'$r"aii re+re8e'tati9e +ri9itr %a *irecii%e +ri'ci+a%e *e cercetare :' *"e'ii%e (ci*e"#ra$ic, (ci%#ic .i +(i&%#ic-
 0cad1 Gheorghe P0L0DI 
 
Capitolul . -AR6C/8AR698E E378/E -7-/8AE 45 RE-/8CA !78)73A 45
C756E;6E8E !75)A8 < E/R7-EA5 8A E6A-A C756E!-7RA59
§1. Evoluia efectivului populaiei: situaii i perspective de dezvoltare
2Gheorghe Paladi, Constantin Matei3
P+/%aia :' tate +eria*e%e *e *e89%tare a (cietii /"a'e a re+re8e'tat /'/% *i' +ri'ci+a%e%e iecte *e (t/*i/ a%e (+ecia%i.ti%r *i' *i$erite *"e'ii- O"/% a $(t +re8e't :' tate "a'i$e(tri%e "ateria%e .i (+irit/a%e *i' tate ti"+/ri%e- Di' +/'ct *e 9e*ere (ciec'"ic, ++/%aia re+re8i't c%ecti9itate /"a', *e$i'it +ri'tr!/' a'(a"%/ *e caracteri(tici (+eci$ice .i +ri' %e#iti  +r+rii *e *e89%tare- Datrit caracter/%/i c"+%e a% (tr/ct/ri%r  i'ter'e, re%aii%r *e i'ter*e+e'*e' care (e (tai%e(c :'tre ++/%aie .i *e89%tarea (ci/"a', ++/%aia +ate $i c'(i*erat ca /' (i(te" i'te#r/ *e(t/% *e c"+%icat- I"+rta'a care tre/ie acr*at  ++/%aiei :' $/'*a"e'tarea iecti9e%r (trate#iei *e89%trii ec'"ice *eri9, :' +ri"/% r:'*, *i' 'ece(itatea a(i#/rrii cre%aiei *i'tre +r*/cie .i c'(/", *i'tre c'(/" .i ac/"/%are, c'*iie a ricrei ec'"ii ec&i%irate-
 Ni9e%/% i'*icatri%r *e"#ra$ici * +(ii%itate r#a'e%r  (tata%e ( c'.tie'ti8e8e (it/aia rea% :' *"e'i/% ('tii +/%ice, :' 9e*erea %/rii %a ti"+ a *eci8ii%r 'ece(are +e'tr/ a"e%irarea ei- I'*icii ('tii re+r*/cerii /"a'e (:'t $%(ii +e'tr/ a "'itri8a (c&i"ri%e :' ti"+, a a+recia *i$ere'e%e :'tre *i9er(e #r/+/ri *e  ++/%aie .i +e re#i/'i /ra'e, r/ra%e, +e'tr/ a (tai%i rate%e 'ata%itii, $erti%itii, "ri*itii .i "rta%itii "ater'e, +eri'ata%e, i'$a'ti%e etc-
P+/%aia %/"ii *e a(t8i e(te re8/%tat/% /'ei e9%/ii :'*e%/'#ate, a% crei :'ce+/t e(te "arcat *e a+ariia (+eciei /"a'e  +e Terra- Ace(t +rce( c'ti'//, care (e eti'*e *e!a %/'#/% a (/te *e "ii *e a'i, '/ a $(t :'( :'tt*ea/'a /'i$r", +eria*e%e *e cre.tere a/ a%ter'at c/ +eria*e%e *e *e(cre.tere (a/ *e (ta#'are,
44
 
 +:' %a :'(crierea (a :'tr!/' (i'#/r (e'(, */+ *irecia /'ei c/re e+'e'ia%e-
Peria*a c'te"+ra' (ec- .i +:' :' +re8e't e(te cea "ai (c/rt *i'tre eta+e%e e9%/iei '/"erice a ++/%aiei Terrei .i (e caracteri8ea8 +ri' ce% "ai :'a%t rit" *e cre.tere ati'( 9re*at6 1,7H :' a'/% 4?11, 1,@3H :' 4?1, circa 0H :' a'ii 4?71!4?21 e+%8ia *e"#ra$ic- D/+ 4?@1, 9a%ri%e i'*icatr/%/i re(+ecti9 :'ce+ ( (ca* .i c'(tit/ie :' +re8e't 4,0!4,3H- Ce%e "ai "ari rit"/ri *e cre.tere a e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei (!a/ (e"'a%at */+ ce% *e!a% Di%ea R8i M'*ia%, *atrit +r#re(e%r :'re#i(trate :' *"e'i/% ('tii .i r(+:'*irii :' ri%e (/*e89%tate a te&'ici%r  *e +re9e'ire .i c"atere a /'r "a%a*ii-
<' (ec%/% a% !%ea, '/"r/% ++/%aiei a cre(c/t (+ectac/%(, *e %a 4,7 "%r*- %c/itri :' a'/% 4?11 +:' %a 7 "%r*- :' a'/% 4??? (a/  +e(te 3 ri, iar +eria*a *e */%are a (c8/t %a 5? *e a'i 24ig +31
E9%/ia '/"r/%/i ++/%aiei Terrei (e +ate a'a%i8a .i */+ ti"+/% 'ece(ar a*/#rii $iecr/i "i%iar* *e %c/itri- U"a'itii i!a/ tre/it "ai "/%te "ii *e a'i +e'tr/ a ati'#e +ri"/% "i%iar* 4@12, 44@ a'i i!a/ $(t 'ece(ari +e'tr/ a a/'#e %a ce% *e!a% *i%ea "i%iar*, 3 *e a'i +e'tr/ ce% *e!a% trei%ea .i '/"ai 45 a'i +e'tr/ ce% *e!a%  +atr/%ea- D/+ '/"ai 43 a'i, :' 4?@2, ++/%aia G%/%/i a a/'( %a "i%iar*e, ce% *e!a% .a(e%ea "i%iar* a $(t :'re#i(trat %a ($:r.it/% a'/%/i 4???- C'$r" +r#'8e%r *e"#ra$ice, ce% *e!a% 2!%ea "%r*- 9a $i ati'( :' 0140, iar ce% *e!a% @!%ea :' 010-
 N/"r/% ++/%aiei %a "i%c/% %/'ii i/'ie 011 a a%ct/it 7 "%r*- 57 "%'- *e %c/itri, *i'tre care 74H trie(c +e teritri/% A(iei; 45H :' A$rica; 44H :' E/r+a; ?H :' A"erica Lati'; H :' A"erica *e Nr* .i (/ 4H +e teritri/% Ocea'iei- A(t8i ++/%aia e(te $arte i'e#a% re+arti8at +e (/+ra$aa Terrei- a(e ri C&i'a, I'*ia, SUA, I'*'e8ia, Bra8i%ia .i Pac&i(ta' *ei' /' '/"r *e 3,3 "%r*- *e %c/itri- C&i'a a *e+.it ci$ra *e 4,3 "%r*-, iar I'*ia *e 4,4 "%r*-
40
 
 5igura +1 -opulaia 6errei "n anul 2%%$  Su$%a6 INED Fra'a, 011
<' +ri"a /"tate a (ec%/%/i a% I!%ea ++/%aia (!a "arat c/ te"+/ri "ici .i *ac ++/%aia %/"ii :' a */a /"tate a (ec%/%/i a% !%ea (!a "arat c/ 54H, :' /r"trii 1 *e a'i acea(ta 9a cre.te c/ 52H, ceea ce 9a c'(tit/i cre.tere a'/a% c/ 20 "%'- 4,0H- Ctre a'/% 011, ++/%aia %/"ii 9a ati'#e ci$ra *e @!41 "%r*- Tt :' acea(t +eria* *e ti"+, E/r+a 9a a9ea ce9a "ai "/%t *e 2H *i' ++/%aia tta% a %/"ii, :' c"+araie c/ a'/% 4?45,
43
 
c:'* E/r+ei :i a+ari'ea/ 0H *e %c/itri *i' :'trea#a ++/%aie a Terrei 2ta6 +3 .
Ta6elul + -opulaia 6errei dup grupuri de ri i continente+ estimri i
prognoza medie+ 1#$%+ 2%%$ i 2%$%
 Popula&ia '(l).* Î) + "$upu$i ,- &$i %au /o)ti)-)tul 
0123 4332 4323 0123 4332 4323
Terra 04? 757 ?127 411 411-1 411-1 Re#i/'i *e89%tate @43 4044 4037 30,3 4@,2 43,7 Re#i/'i "ai +/i' *e89%tate
4212 03 2@51 72,2 @4,3 @7,5
ri ce% "ai (%a *e89%tate
014 2? 423 @,1 44,2 4?,4
A%te ri (%a *e89%tate
417 55?5 7415 ?,@ 7?, 72,3
A$rica 005 ?17 4?32 @,? 45 04,3 A(ia 43?7 3?1 042 ,5 71,5 2,5 E/r+a 52 20@ 73 04,2 44,3 2,0 A"erica Lati' 472 74 2@3 7,7 @,2 @,7 A"erica *e Nr* 420 334 53@ 7,@ ,4 5,@ Ocea'ia 43 33 5@ 1, 1, 1,  Su$%a5 7orld Population Prospects, 0115-
Sc&i"ri (i"itare care *ea a/ %c (e 9r +etrece .i :' (tr/ct/ra 9:r(t'ic a ++/%aiei- C'(i*erai% (e 9a re*/ce #r/+a *e 9:r(t :'tre 1!45 a'i .i 9a cre.te rit"/% +rce(/%/i *e :"tr:'ire a  ++/%aiei- Ctre a'/% 010@ +'*erea +er(a'e%r 9:r(t'ice :'tre ! 75 *e a'i (e 9a "ri *e 55,4H, iar a 9:r(t'ici%r +e(te @1 *e a'i ! c/ 4@1,H ctre a'/% 011- Act/a%"e'te +e G% trie(c 75 "%'- *e a"e'i care a/ *e+.it 9:r(ta *e 71 *e a'i- C'$r" *ate%r   +r#'(tice +re(/+/(e, acea(t ci$r 9a cre.te +:' %a 0 "%r*- ctre a'/% 011- Pe'tr/ +ri"a *at :' i(tria "e'irii, '/"r/%  +er(a'e%r 9:r(t'ice :% 9a *e+.i +e ce% a% c+ii%r *e 1!45 a'i- <'  +ara%e% c/ cre.terea (+era'ei *e 9ia .i (c*erea $erti%itii, (e "ic.rea8 .i '/"r/% ++/%aiei *e 9:r(t re+r*/cti9, $a+t ce 9a
45
 
i'$%/e'a 'e#ati9 rata r/t a 'ata%itii, ceea ce :' 9iitr (e 9a re$%ecta a(/+ra e$ecti9/%/i tta% a% ++/%aiei-
U' %c *e(eit *i' +er(+ecti9a e9%/iei *e"#ra$ice :% c/+ ri%e e!(9ietice, i'c%/(i9 Re+/%ica M%*9a, care, :'ce+:'* c/ a'/% 4???, a i'trat :' #r/+/% *e ri /'*e (it/aia (e caracteri8ea8 ca =*ec%i'/% *e"#ra$ic> (a/ =*e++/%are> 2ta61 .31
Ta6elul . Etapele tranziiei demografice "n rile C.=..+ anul 2%%%
 Etap-l- t$a)6i&i-i ,-(o7$a8i/ -
Copi  i 
 8atalitate a
 Mortalitate a
Sporul  natura
29:+/ ani3 ;
Eta+a III 'ata%itatea re%ati9 :'a%t, "rta%itatea re*/(
U8ec&i(ta' 00,3 ,3 42 3@
J:r#&:8(ta' 4?,2 7,? 40,@ 50
Ta*iKi(ta' 4@,7 5,0 45,5 3
T/rK"e'ia 4@, ,5 43,4 3@
A8erai*a' 45,@ ,? @,? 30 Trecerea *e %a eta+a III %a eta+a IV
Ja8a&(ta' 45,2 41,4 5,7 0?
Ar"e'ia ? 7,3 0,2 05
Eta+a a IV ! *e++/%area
M%*9a 41,0 44,3 !4,4 05
Be%ar/( ?,5 43, !5,4 4?
4
R/(ia @,2 4,5 !7,2 4@
Ucrai'a 2,? 4,3 !2, 4@ A'/% 4??? Fr Tra'('i(tria .i "/'- Be'*er-  Su$%a5 T+i%i' A-, De"(c+e eeK%
D/+ c/" *e"'(trea8 *ate%e +re8e'tate :' tae%/% *e "ai (/(, ri%e e!(9ietice (e a$% %a *i$erite eta+e a%e tra'8iiei *e"#ra$ice ! *e %a 'i9e%/ri :'a%te a%e 'ata%itii .i "rta%itii %a 'i9e%/ri re*/(e- Acea(t tra'8iie */rea8, *e re#/%, 71!411 *e a'i .i "ai "/%t- Pri"e%e */ eta+e "aritatea ri%r e!(9ietice %e!a/  +arc/r( :' (ec%/% a% !%ea- <' +re8e't ace(te ri trec a treia .i a  +atra eta+e a%e tra'8iiei *e"#ra$ice-
A treia eta+, care (e caracteri8ea8 +ri' +(trarea 'i9e%/ri%r :'a%te a%e 'ata%itii .i +ri' "rta%itate re%ati9 (c8/t, e(te (+eci$ic +e'tr/ ri%e A(iei Mici- De.i 'ata%itatea :' ace(te ri (!a "ic.rat, ea (e "e'i'e :' 9a%ri *e 4@!00, ceea ce e(te *e 0!3 ri "ai "/%t *ec:t :' R/(ia, Ucrai'a, Be%ar/( .i Re+/%ica M%*9a, care trec +ri' a IV!a eta+ *e tra'8iie *e"#ra$ic, '/"r/%  ++/%aiei $ii'* :' *e(cre.tere c'ti'/-
Tre/ie "e'i'at $a+t/% c e9%/ia e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei +e teritri/% Re+/%icii M%*9a, ca /'itate teritria% .i (tata% :' (+ai/% e/r+ea', +ate $i (t/*iat :'ce+:'* c/ a'ii 4?1, c:'* (!a/ (tai%it *e$i'iti9 &tare%e (tata%e .i (!a/ creat r#a'e%e (tati(tice ce'tra%e .i teritria%e- U'e%e *ate *e(+re ++/%aie (e :'t:%'e(c .i +:' :' a'ii 4?1, *e ee"+%/ +e'tr/ a'/% 4?51 .i a'ii 4?5!4?5?, *ar e%e '/ (:'t c"+%ete- Fr"area ++/%aiei Re+/%icii M%*9a, re+arti8area ei teritria% +e "e*ii .i +e /'iti a*"i'i(trati9e (:'t re8/%tat/% /'ei :'*e%/'#ate e9%/ii a *i$eritr $e'"e'e ec'"ice, (cia%e, *e"#ra$ice .i, '/ :' /%ti"/% r:'*, +%itice- <' *i$erite  +eria*e i(trice rit"/ri%e *e cre.tere (a/ *e(cre.tere a ++/%aiei a/ :'re#i(trat *i9er(e 9a%ri- I'te'(itatea tra'($r"ri%r  (ciec'"ice .i +%itice *i' ar (!a re$%ectat :' te'*i'e%e .i rit"/ri%e *e e9%/ie a e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei .i $e'"e'e%r  *e"#ra$ice- Para%e% c/ (ci%aii%e :' e$ecti9/% '/"eric a/ %c a"+%e
47
 
"*i$icri .i :' (tr/ct/ri%e (cia%e, ec'"ice .i *e"#ra$ice a%e  ++/%aiei-
Ur"ri'* e9%/ia (+r/%/i 'at/ra% a% ++/%aiei :' Re+/%ica M%*9a .i :' /'e%e ri e/r+e'e, (er9" c :' a */a  /"tate a (ec%/%/i a% !%ea 9a%ri%e ace(t/i i'*ice :' ara 'a(tr era/ ce%e "ai :'a%te +:' :' a'/% 4??3, */+ ce (e :'re#i(trea8 "ic.rarea r/(c a %/i  4ig1 .13 
 5igura .1 )inamica sporului natural "n Repulica !oldova i "n unele ri europene+ anii 1#$%&2%%' >la 1%%% de populaie?
E(te e9i*e't $a+t/% c cri8a (ciec'"ic a a9/t i'$%/e' (e"'i$icati9 a(/+ra e9%/iei ace(t/i i'*ice- Sc*erea 'i9e%/%/i *e trai .i a ca%itii 9ieii (:'t ca/8e%e +ri'ci+a%e a%e re*/cerii 'ata%itii, cre.terii "rta%itii .i, ca re8/%tat, are %c (c*erea (+r/%/i 'at/ra%- <' S/e*ia, ar c/ ec'"ie (tai% .i (i(te" (cia% *e89%tat, c/ra (+r/%/i 'at/ra% e(te c/ "/%t "ai /'i$r", $r +r/.iri "ari, iar +ri' +%itic *e"#ra$ic acti9 (! a i'/t (tai%i8area ++/%aiei-
A'a%i8a :' *i'a"ic a ce$icie't/%/i *e cre.tere a'/a% a  ++/%aiei :' Re+/%ica M%*9a .i :' /'e%e ri e/r+e'e *e"'(trea8 c ace(t i'*ice a cre(c/t i'te'( +:' :' a'ii 4?5! 4?, c'(tit/i'* 0@,0, a+i (e (er9 "ic.rare %e't a %/i
42
 
 +:' :' a'ii4??@!4???, iar :'ce+:'* c/ 4??4 ce$icie't/% cre.terii a'/a%e (e (tai%e.te %a 9a%ri 'e#ati9e, ceea ce a $(t caracteri(tic  +e'tr/ "/%te ri e!(9ietice- E9i*e't, acea(t e9%/ie a $(t i'$%/e'at '/ '/"ai *e re*/cerea 'ata%itii, ci .i *e "i#raia  ++/%aiei-  4ig <-
 5igura <1 )inamica coeficientului de cretere anual a populaiei  "n Repulica !oldova i "n unele ri europene+ anii 1#$%&2%%$
>la 1%%% de populaie?
<' cercetri%e (ci*e"#ra$ice a*e(eri *i$erite $e'"e'e ce (e  +r*/c :' *i9er(e re#i/'i (e c"+ar c/ ce%e *i' S/e*ia, ar (tai%, :' care e9%/ia ++/%aiei a *ec/r( "ai /'i$r" at:t *atrit (tai%itii (ciec'"ice .i %i+(ei *e catac%i("e (cia%e care ar   +/tea ( *i(tr(i'e8e acea(t e9%/ie, c:t .i +%iticii *e"#ra$ice e$icie'te- C"+ar:'* e9%/ia ce$icie't/%/i *e cre.tere a'/a% a e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei :' ri%e e!(9ietice c/ ceea a ce$icie't/%/i re(+ecti9 :' S/e*ia, c'(tat" c :' /%ti"a '/ (e (er9 (c&i"ri ra*ica%e a%e ace(t/ia .i :' +eria*a ea"i'at '/ (!a/ :'re#i(trat 9a%ri 'e#ati9e, iar %a :'ce+/t/% (ec%/%/i '(tr/ (!a i'/t .i a'/"it cre.tere- C/ tt/% a%t (it/aie e(te :' ri%e e!(cia%i(te, *e
4@
 
a(e"e'ea .i :' Re+/%ica M%*9a, care (e caracteri8ea8 +ri' tra'($r"ri 'e#ati9e +r'/'ate :' e9%/ia ce$icie't/%/i *e cre.tere a'/a% a ++/%aiei %a ($:r.it/% (ec%/%/i a% !%ea   :'ce+/t/% (ec%/%/i a% I!%ea-
A'a%i8a e$ecti9/%/i '/"eric a% ++/%aiei *e"'(trea8 c :'  +eria*a +(te%ic :' Re+/%ica M%*9a :' ace(t +%a' (!a/ +r*/( "*i$icri e(e'ia%e, care a/ i'$%/e'at .i (tr/ct/ra ++/%aiei- Ace(te (c&i"ri a/ c'tri/it %a cre.terea '/"eric a ++/%aiei, care  +ate $i c'(i*erat e+%8ie *e"#ra$ic 4?1!4?2 (a/ c/ $a8a *i(ti'ct a /'ei tra'8iii *e"#ra$ice, e+ri"ate :' i'te'(i$icarea  +rce(/%/i *e "i#raie .i /ra'i8are .i :'tr! (erie *e catac%i("e :' e9%/ia $e'"e'e%r *e"#ra$ice-
<' tat +eria*a +(te%ic e9%/ia e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei a $(t *e(t/% *e c'tr9er(at- Pe +arc/r(/% +eria*ei 4?1!4??1 e$ecti9/%  ++/%aiei a cre(c/t *e(t/% *e i'te'( *e %a 00?1,5 "ii +:' %a 5374,7 "ii %c/itri- Cre.terea '/"eric a $(t *e 0144,0 "ii *e %c/itri (a/ c/ 4@@H- <' cei 51 *e a'i cre.terea a $(t "ai i'te'( :' a'ii 4?1!4?21 c:'* e$ecti9/% ++/%aiei a cre(c/t c/ 402@ "i%- *e %c/itri (a/ c/ 470H, +e c:'* :' a'ii 4?21!4??1 cre.terea a $(t *ar *e 2?3 "ii *e %c/itri (a/ c/ 3@H $a *e a'/% 4?21 ta61/31 
Va%area "ai" a '/"r/%/i ++/%aiei a $(t :'re#i(trat :' a'/% 4??4 ! 5377,3 "i%- %c/itri, */+ care a /r"at (c*ere tre+tat a i'*icatr/%/i re(+ecti9- <' a'ii 4??1!4?? *i"i'/area a $(t 'e(e"'i$icati9 *e 43,2 "ii %c/itri (a/ :' "e*ie +e a' c/ 0,2!0,@ "ii %c/itri-
Ta6elul  < Evoluia efectivului populaiei Repulicii !oldova "n
perioada 1#$%&2%%'
lo/uito$i*  Î) + 8a& ,- total 
 popula>iei 4?1 4?71 4?21
00?1,5 0?72,2 37@,?
3?7@,0 5374,7 3753, 3??,@ 3@?,3
4@7, 017?,3 40?,0 45?4,1 45@5,@
03@4,2 00?0,3 0445,3 041@,@ 0415,
51 52 50 54 54
71 3 @ ? ?
44@ 40? 401 44@ 44@
 Su$%a6 ?@ABBEB, FH@JJKH@BEB E AJE@JB JNBABBEB QRR , Q, 4?@4, +- 2; 0nuarul Statistic al =epu6licii Moldoa , C&i.i'/, 0117, +- 32-
<'ce+:'* c/ a'/% 4??2, e9i*e'a e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei (!a e$ect/at $r a i'e c't *e raia'e%e *i' (t:'#a Ni(tr/%/i .i *e r- Be'*er- Di' a'/% 0111 e$ecti9/% ++/%aiei (e "ic.rea8 c'ti'//, *e %a 3753, "ii +:' %a 3@?,3 "ii *e %c/itri :' a'/% 0117- Deci :' acea(t +eria* e% (!a re*/( c/ 5,0 "ii *e %c/itri (a/ :' "e*ie c/ ?!41 "ii +e a'- Acea(t re*/cere a $(t ca/8at *e (c*erea (+r/%/i 'at/ra% .i a (+r/%/i "i#ratri/ 'e#ati9-
E$ecti9/% ++/%aiei a e9%/at *i$erit :' "e*i/% /ra' .i :' ce% r/ra% a%e Re+/%icii M%*9a- A(t$e%6
<' "e*i/% /ra' e$ecti9/% ++/%aiei (!a "rit (tai% .i :' rit"/ri *e(t/% *e :'a%te +:' :' a'/% 4??1- <' cei 51 *e a'i +(te%ici e$ecti9/% ++/%aiei /ra'e (!a "arat *e %a 3@2,@ "ii *e %c/itri :' 4?1 +:' %a 017?,3 "ii :' a'/% 4??1 (a/ *e ,3 ri- Deci (e +ate *e 9rit *e(+re a*e9rat =re9%/ie /ra'>- Va%area "ai" a $(t :'re#i(trat :' a'/% 4??4! *e 0123,7 "ii %c/itri, */+ ce /r"ea8 "ic.rare *e(t/% *e i'te'( a e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei- Cre.terea ++/%aiei /ra'e :' acea(t +eria* e(te re8/%tat/% "i#raiei i'ter'e *e %a (ate %a ra.e .i eter'e *i' $(te%e re+/%ici /'i'a%e-
 <'tre a'ii 4??1 ! 0117 e$ecti9/% ++/%aiei /ra'e a (c8/t *e %a 017?,3 "ii +:' %a 45@5,@ "ii *e %c/itri (a/ c/ @5, "ii *e  +er(a'e, a*ic c/ 0@,3H "ai +/i' $a *e a'/% 4??1- Acea(t re*/cere (e"'i$icati9 e(te *eter"i'at *e (ece(i'area raia'e%r  e(tice, :' +ri"/% r:'*, a */ "/'ici+ii "ari ca Tira(+% .i Be'*er, crra %e re9e'ea/ :' a'/% 4??7 337 "ii *e %c/itri- A%ar"a't e(te $a+t/% c e$ecti9/% ++/%aiei /ra'e c'ti'/ ( (e re*/c-  N/"ai :' +eria*a 0111!0117 e% (!a "ic.rat c/ 3,5 "ii *e %c/itri (a/ c/ !7 "ii *e +er(a'e a'/a%- <' "e*i/% r/ra% e$ecti9/% ++/%aiei :' a'ii 4?7!4?2 a cre(c/t *e(t/% *e (e"'i$icati9- Pe +arc/r(/% a 0 *e a'i (!a :'re#i(trat
01
 
cre.tere *e 5, ri (a/ :' "e*ie c/ 04!00 "ii %c/itri +e a'- <' a'ii /r"tri 4?2!4?? caracter/% e9%/iei e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei r/ra%e (!a (c&i"at, (!a :'ce+/t "ic.rarea ace(t/ia- Pe +arc/r(/% a 01 *e a'i '/"r/% ++/%aiei r/ra%e (!a re*/( c/ 435,0 "ii *e %c/itri (a/ c/ ,5H- D/+ 4??, (e :'re#i(trea8 *i"i'/are (tai% a ace(t/i i'*icatr- A(t$e%, :' +eria*a 4??!0117 '/"r/%  ++/%aiei r/ra%e (!a re*/( c/ 041,5 "ii *e %c/itri (a/ c/ 41H- Deci a'/a% e$ecti9/% ++/%aiei r/ra%e (!a "ic.rat :' "e*ie c/ 01! 04 "ii *e %c/itri-
Tre/ie "e'i'at $a+t/% c c/a't/"/% ++/%aiei /ra'e :' tta%/% ++/%aiei a cre(c/t *e(t/% *e "/%t, *e %a 42H :' 4?1 +:' %a 52H :' 4?? (a/ *e 0,@ ri- D/+ a'/% 4??, (e :'re#i(trea8 "ic.rare c'ti'/, a(t$e% :' a'/% 0117 +'*erea ++/%aiei /ra'e c'(tit/i'* '/"ai 54H- <' aceea.i +eria* 4?1!4?? c/a't/"/%  ++/%aiei r/ra%e (!a "ic.rat *e %a @3H +:' %a 3H re(+ecti9- <' /%ti"a eta+ :' 4??!0117 (!a :'re#i(trat cre.tere %e't a  +'*erii ++/%aiei r/ra%e-
Ace%ea.i tr(t/ri (:'t caracteri(tice .i e9%/iei *e'(itii  ++/%aiei, care +e +arc/r(/% a'i%r 4?1!4??1 a+ra+e c (!a */%at, :'( :' /r"trii a'i a :'ce+/t *i"i'/are %e't a ei ta61 <31
E9%/ia '/"eric a ++/%aiei are *e(eiri e(e'ia%e at:t +e  +eria*e, c:t .i +e #r/+e *e ci'ci a'i- A(t$e%, +ri"e%e #r/+e *e ci'ci a'i +:' :' a'ii W21 (e caracteri8ea8 +ri'tr!/' (+r "are a%  ++/%aiei, +e c:'* /%ti"e%e #r/+e ci'ci'a%e */+ a'ii W@1 +ri'tr!/' (+r "ic, */+ 4??1 e#a%:'*/!(e c/ 8er 2ta6 /31
Ta6elul / =porul natural al populaiei Repulicii !oldova
 "n anii 1#$%&2%%$  P-$ioa,a Totalul 
 popula&i-i   Popula&ia
344, 37,@
411 442
433,3 45?,1
411 440
42@,0 047,@
411 400
@1 5@ 23 5
051,0 047,0 000,3 071,
4@1 470 472 4?
40 !40
!3 A'a%i8:'* *ate%e +re8e'tate :' ta61 ), (e +ate c'c%/8i'a c6
! cei "ai :'a%i i'*icatri *e cre.tere a '/"r/%/i ++/%aiei a/ $(t :'re#i(trai :' +ri"e%e eta+e ci'ci'a%e 4?1!4?25- <' /r"tare%e eta+e ci'ci'a%e 9a%ri%e i%a'/%/i 'at/ra% (e "ic.rea8 tre+tat +:' :' a'ii 4?@!4?@?, a+i *i' '/ (e "ic.rea8, c+t:'* 9a%ri 'e#ati9e c/ (e"'/% "i'/(- Se e9i*e'ia8 +ri' 9a%ri "ari 'e#ati9e ci'ci'a%/% 4??!4???, $a+t *eter"i'at *e :'cetarea e9i*e'ei  ++/%aiei :' raia'e%e *e e(t a%e Re+/%icii M%*9a, c:'* e$ecti9/%  ++/%aiei (!a re*/( c/ 215,5 "ii *e %c/itri; ! i%a'/% cre.terii a '/"r/%/i ++/%aiei /ra'e +(trea8 :' %i'ii #e'era%e ace%ea.i *irecii, *ar c 9a%ri%e (+r/%/i 'at/ra% a%  ++/%aiei (:'t *e(t/% *e "ari .i :' cre.tere (tai% +:' %a ci'ci'a%/% a'i%r 4?@!4?@?- I'*icatr/% (+r/%/i 'at/ra% :' ci'ci'a%/% 4?7! 4?7? (e *e(ee.te +ri' 9a%ri "ai "ari 011H, $a *e a'ii 4?1! 4?5, *atrit $a+t/%/i c :' ace.ti a'i a/ $(t tra'($r"ate *i' %ca%iti%e r/ra%e :' %ca%iti%e /ra'e tate ce'tre%e a*"i'i(trati9e rai'a%e Cri/%e'i, S:'#erei, C/.e'i, V/%c'e.ti .- a-, ceea ce e(e'ia% a i'$%/e'at a(/+ra e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei /ra'e .i r/ra%e a (tat/%/i- <'ce+:'* c/ a'ii 4??1, (+r/% ++/%aiei /ra'e, *e a(e"e'ea, *e9i'e 'e#ati9, ca/8a $ii'* aceea.i (e+ararea (+ai/%/i e(tic a% (tat/%/i; ! i%a'/% ++/%aiei r/ra%e a :'re#i(trat cre.tere (e"'i$icati9 '/"ai :' +eria*a a'i%r ci'ci'a%i 4?1!4?75- <' /r"tare%e eta+e ci'ci'a%e 9a%ri%e ace(t/i i'*icatr era/ $arte "ici (a/ c&iar  'e#ati9e- Va%ri 'e#ati9e "ari a%e (+r/%/i 'at/ra% a% ++/%aiei r/ra%e (:'t caracteri(tice .i +e'tr/ +eria*a a'i%r 4??!4???, c:'* '!a/ $(t i'c%/( ++/%aia a +atr/ raia'e (te.ti *i' e(t/% rii-
Tra'($r"ri%e a*"i'i(trati9e *i' /%ti"a +eria* 4??@! 0113 $ace *i$ici% (t/*i/% e9%/iei ++/%aiei +e /'iti%e
00
 
a*"i'i(trati9e +e +eria* "ai :'*e%/'#at- A'a%i8a re8/%tate%r  rece'(":'t/ri%r ++/%aiei *i' 4?@? .i 0115 (cate :' e9i*e' /r"tare%e ""e'te i"+rta'te6
! re*/cerea $arte "are a e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei :' "aritatea raia'e%r r/ra%e- De ee"+%/, :' raia'e%e D'*/.e'i, E*i'e, F%re.ti .- a- ++/%aia r/ra% (!a "ic.rat c/ @!41 "ii *e %c/itri (a/ c/ 41!4H- O re*/cere 'e:'(e"'at (!a :'re#i(trat :' raia'e%e ce'tra%e .i :' ce%e *i' a+r+ierea ra.e%r C&i.i'/ .i B%i Ia%9e'i, Cri/%e'i, S:'#erei; ! "ic.rarea e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei :' "e*i/% /ra' e(te "/%t "ai "are *ec:t :' "e*i/% r/ra%- Di' ce%e 5 *e %ca%iti /ra'e %a rece'(":'t/% *i' a'/% 0115 '/"ai :' trei *i' e%e C*r/, Cric9a, Ia%9e'i (!a :'re#i(trat cre.tere "ai :'(e"'at 01!51H iar :' */ %ca%iti Otaci .i S:'#erei cre.tere "*e(t 3!2H- <' ce%e%a%te %ca%iti a/ $(t (e"'a%ate (c*eri e(e'ia%e a%e e$ecti9/%/i  ++/%aiei, :' ace%a.i r:'*, :' ra.e%e C&i.i'/ c/ 40H .i B%i c/ 0@H- <' /'e%e %ca%iti /ra'e "ic.rarea a $(t cata(tr$a%, *e ee"+%/, :' R:.ca'i 7H; Srca 5?H; Or&ei 57H; Re8i'a   54H; C%ra.i 31H; F%re.ti 3?H; E*i'e 07H; Drc&ia   07H; Ci"i.%ia 0H-
A'ii *e tra'8iie %a ec'"ia *e +ia .i *e c'(tr/cie a /'ei (cieti *e"cratice :' ar, *e a(e"e'ea .i *ec%i'/% ec'"ic *e %/'# */rat a/ i'$%/e'at 'e#ati9 a(/+ra e9%/iei *e"#ra$ice a  ++/%aiei6 ! (!a "ic.rat e$ecti9/% ++/%aiei- Ace(t $e'"e' (!a "a'i$e(tat "ai "/%t :' ca*r/% ++/%aiei /ra'e, :'*e(ei :' %ca%iti%e /ra'e "ari .i "e*ii; ! (!a "ic.rat c'(i*erai% '/"r/% ++/%aiei :' %ca%iti%e /ra'e .i r/ra%e ceea ce a i'$%/e'at 'e#ati9 a(/+ra e9%/iei $e'"e'e%r  ec'"ice *e$icit/% *e re(/r(e /"a'e, (cia%e i'(/$icie'a *e ca*re ca%i$icate :' tate *"e'ii%e *e acti9itate :' "e*i/% r/ra%, *e"#ra$ice *e$icit/% ++/%aiei *e 9:r(t re+r*/cti9; ! $e'"e'/% *e *e++/%are a "e*i/%/i r/ra%, :'re#i(trat rece't :' Re+/%ica M%*9a, e9%/ea8 $arte i'te'( .i, :' a'ii a+r+iai, 9a a9ea /r"ri cata(tr$a%e +e'tr/ *e89%tarea %ca%iti%r r/ra%e- D/+ c/" arat re8/%tate%e, (!a eti'( +/ter'ic .i a(/+ra %ca%iti%r  /ra'e;
03
 
!re*/cerea e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei :' /%ti"e%e *ece'ii 'e#ati9 (e 9a r($r:'#e a(/+ra (it/aiei *e"#ra$ice *i' ar, +e'tr/ re*re(area creia 9a $i 'ece(ar +%itic *e"#ra$ic acti9-
Bi%i#ra$ie
4-  0nuarul Statistic al =epu6licii Moldoa , C&i.i'/, 0117- 0- Geogra4ia economicU i socialU mondialU   (/ re*- C-Matei,
C&i.i'/, 4???- 3- G&e:/ V-,  #olu>ia 4ertilitU>ii în =omVnia1 De la transersal la
longitudinal,  :' =Re9i(ta *e cercetri (cia%e>, 'r- 4, B/c/re.ti, 4??2-
5- Je$it8 Nat&a', The World population de6ateX urgencY o4 the  pro6lem1 Population the CompleZ =ealitY,  U'i9er(it Pre((, Ca"ri*#e, 4??3-
- Pa%a*i G-,  ParticularitU>ile eolu>iei în timp a unor procese demogra4ice pe teritoriul =epu6licii Moldoa,   C'$eri'a =Partic/%ariti%e .i te'*i'e%e +rce(e%r *e"#ra$ice :' Re+/%ica M%*9a>, C&i.i'/, 0114, +- !47-
7- Pa%a*i G-, SUnUtatea 4emeii i adaptarea ei la noile cerin>e ale ie>ii contemporane, :' Materia%e%e C'$eri'ei =Pr%e"e act/a%e "e*ic!(cia%e, +(i&%#ice .i *e"#ra$ice a%e $a"i%iei>, C&i.i'/, 4??@-
2- Pa%a*i G&-, Le.c G-, Tendin>ele seculare în dinamica 4ertilitU>ii  pe teritoriul =epu6licii Moldoa i pronosticul 4enomenului  pentru urmUtorul deceniu,  :' =Mat- c'$- +ractic!.tii'i$ice SCM!4 "/'- C&i.i'/>, 0114, ++- 1!7-
@.  ParticularitU>ile i tendin>ele proceselor demogra4ice în  =epu6lica MoldoaX mat1 con41 t1 din +. decem6rie .99+ , C&i.i'/, 0114, 075 +-
#.  Pro6leme demogra4ice ale popula>iei în conteZtul integrUrii europene- Si"+8-i'ter'- C&i.i'/, 011-
41-  Pro6lemele metodologice ale prognozei demogra4ice ,  C&i.i'/, 0110-
44-  ?@ABBEB, FH@JJKH@BEB E AJE@JB JNBABBEB  QRR , Q, 4?@4-
05
 
§2. Consideraii privind micarea natural a populaiei Repulicii !oldova "n perioada anilor 1#$%&2%%'
2Constantin Matei *
P+/%aia re+re8i't /' (i(te" *e c%ecti9iti a+r/t *atrit cei(te'ei a 411 *e #e'eraii, care e(te (/+/( /'/i +rce( c'ti'// *e re:''ire- <' $iecare a' ace(t (i(te" (e c"+%etea8 c/ '/ #e'eraie, *re+t c'(eci' a 'a.teri%r, :' ti"+ ce '/"r/% #e'eraii%r ei(te'te (e re*/ce ca /r"are a *ece(e%r- Prce(/% *e re:''ire +er"a'e't a #e'eraii%r +art *e'/"irea *e re+r*/cerea ++/%aiei-
 N/"r/% tta% a% ++/%aiei /'ei ri (a/ re#i/'i e(te re8/%tat/% a */ c"+'e'te6 "i.carea 'at/ra% 'a.teri .i *ece(e .i "i.carea "i#ratrie i"i#ra'i .i e"i#ra'i, care aci'ea8 (i'er#ic- <' $/'cie *e "*/% :' care aci'ea8 ace(te */ c"+'e'te, *e r%/% +e care :% ac $iecare *i' e%e, ei(t ++/%aii "i%e .i ++/%aii i"i%e- <' ca8/% ++/%aii%r "i%e, "*i$icri%e care a+ar :' '/"r/% tta% a% ++/%aiei (:'t *eter"i'ate at:t *e "i.carea 'at/ra%, c:t .i *e cea "i#ratrie  4ig1+3, :' ti"+ ce %a ++/%aii%e i"i%e ace(tea (:'t re8/%tat/% aci/'ii /'ei (i'#/re c"+'e'te "i.carea 'at/ra%, cea *e!a */a $ii'* 'e(e"'i$icati9 Er*e%i G-, D/"itrac&e L-, 0114, +- 7@!7?-
Mi.carea ++/%aiei +ate $i c'(i*erat c"+'e't :'(e"'at %a 'i9e% "icrteritria% (tate, re#i/'i, %a 'i9e% "acrec'"ic c'ti'e'te r%/% ace(teia $ii'* "ai +/i' (e"'i$icati9, iar %a 'i9e%/% ++/%aiei "'*ia%e ea 'ici '/ e(te %/at :' ca%c/%, +e'tr/ c tate *e+%a(ri%e a/ %c :' ca*r/% %i"ite%r  ace%/ia.i area%- Di' acea(t ca/8, "i.carea 'at/ra% e(te c'(i*erat c"+'e'ta cea "ai i"+rta't a *i'a"icii ++/%aiei-
Mi.carea 'at/ra% re+re8i't tta%itatea "*i$icri%r :' '/"r/% .i (tr/ct/ra ++/%aiei, ca /r"are a 'a.teri%r .i *ece(e%r, c(trii%r .i *i9r/ri%r-
  X X
 
  ! !
 5igura +- C"+'e'te%e *i'a"icii ++/%aiei  Su$%a5 G- Er*e%i, L- D/"itrac&e, Geogra4ia Popula>iei, B/c/re.ti, 0114, +- 7?-
Fe'"e'/% *e"#ra$ic *e a8, care i'$%/e'ea8 :' "* *eci(i9 +ri' e9%/ia (a at:t e$ecti9/% .i (tr/ct/ra ++/%aiei, c:t .i :'tre#/% +rce( *e re+r*/cere a ++/%aiei /'/i teritri/, :% c'(tit/ie 'ata%itatea- Acea(ta e(te /'a *i'tre ce%e "ai c"+%icate .i "ai c'tra*ictrii c"+'e'te a%e "i.crii 'at/ra%e, $ii'* i'$%/e'at *e /' c"+%e *e $actri *e 'at/r ec'"ic, (cia%, *e"#ra$ic, re%i#ia( etc- C'$r" (a9a't/%/i r/( B- Ur%a'i(6 =Rata 'ata%itii :'tr!/' (tat *e+i'*e *e 'i9e%/% *e *e89%tare a $actri%r *e +r*/cie, *e ti+/% re%aii%r *e +r*/cie, *e (i(te"/% ec'"ic a% (cietii>-
<' e9%/ia ratei 'ata%itii ++/%aiei, (+re *e(eire *e e9%/ia a%tr $e'"e'e *e"#ra$ice, :' +ri"/% r:'*, a "rta%itii, 9ariaii%e +t $i :' %i"ite *e(t/% *e "ari, $ii'* :' $/'cie *e *ri'a $e"eii (a/ a c/+%/%/i *e a a9ea c+ii- A'/"e acea(ta *eter"i', :' "are "(/r, '/"r/% *e '(c/i 9ii-
 Nata%itatea ++/%aiei e(te /' $e'"e' c"+%e, :' ace%a.i ti"+ i%#ic .i (cia%, $actrii care +er"it e+%icarea 9ariaii%r  (+aia%e a%e 'ata%itii $ii'* '/"er.i, %e#ai :'tre ei .i /'eri i"+(ii% *e (e+arat6 ec'"ici, +%itici, (cic/%t/ra%i Er*e%i G-, D/"itrac&e L-, 0114, +-21!23-
A(/+ra 'ata%itii i'$%/e'ea8 .i a%i $actri, +rec/"6 /ra'i8area, (tr/ct/ra et'ic, tra*iii%e etc- La 'i9e% "'*ia%, :' a'/% 0113 rata 'ata%itii a%ct/ia 04 (a/ 04 *e 'a.teri %a 4111 *e %c/itri- Deci '/"r/% "e*i/ *e 'a.teri a c'(tit/it a+ri"ati9 451!45 "i%ia'e- Acea(t 9a%are *e"'(trea8 te'*i' *e re*/cere %e't a ratei 'ata%itii, "rta%itatea "e'i':'*/!(e :'a%t *atrit cre.terii '/"r/%/i ++/%aiei-
07
 
Rata 'ata%itii ++/%aiei 9aria8 "/%t *e %a +eria* *e *e89%tare (cia% %a a%ta- C'ce+ia *e(+re e9%/ia 'ata%itii :' *i$erite +eria*e i(trice e(te *i(c/tai%, *earece *ate%e (tati(tice  +:' :' (ec%e%e VI!VII a+ra+e c %i+(e(c, iar i'$r"aii%e *e "ai t:r8i/ (:'t $ra#"e'tare- <' a'/% 473 Sr/% *e %a Tri*e' a %/at *eci8ie care %i#a Bi(erica cat%ic ( :'re#i(tre8e +ri'ci+a%e%e e9e'i"e'te *i' 9iaa (cietii, c/" ar $i te8/% 'a.terea, "artea .i c/'/'ia c(tria- <'( i'$r"aii%e (e +re%/cra/ *ar +e'tr/ %ca%iti%e "ari (a/ +e /'e%e re#i/'i a+arte- Si(te"ati8area .i  +re%/crarea i'$r"aiei (tati(tice :' E/r+a a/ :'ce+/t ( (e $ac :' (ec%/% a% I!%ea- Ei(t +i'ia c +%a'i$icarea c'.tie't a $a"i%iei era :' %i"ite%e *e 3@!51 Ca%e A-, 4?@3, +- 03@-
U'ii (+ecia%i.ti :' "aterie c'(i*er c :' +eria*e%e i(trice rata 'ata%itii a9ea 9a%ri ri*icate 51!5, ceea ce e(te caracteri(tic re#i"/%/i +ri"iti9 Treici V-, 4?@4, +- 01- Nata%itatea "ai"a% +ate ati'#e 9a%area *e 1 .i "ai "/%t- De ee"+%/, %a eta+a c'te"+ra' a/ $(t :'re#i(trate 9a%ri $arte :'a%te a%e 'ata%itii :' Ma%i ! *e 74 .i c&iar *e 72 - <' (tate%e E/r+ei 'ata%itatea a $(t *e(t/% *e (tai% +e tt +arc/r(/% (ec%/%/i a% I! %ea 32!51- Ca%e A-, 4?@3, +- 03@ Ce%e "ai "ari (c&i"ri :' e9%/ia 'ata%itii (!a/ :'re#i(trat :' (ec%/% a% !%ea-
La :'ce+/t/% (ec%/%/i a% !%ea rata "e*ie a 'ata%itii  ++/%aiei +e G% era :' %i"ite%e *e 3@!51 , ei(t:'* te'*i'  +er"a'e't *e re*/cere a ei %a ($:r.it/% (ec%/%/i, 9a%area ace(t/i i'*icatr (c8:'* +:' %a 00!03 , iar %a :'ce+/t/% (ec%/%/i a% I! %ea $ii'* *e 04 U'#/rea'/ A%-, M/'te%e I, 0117, +-3- Deci +e  +arc/r(/% /'/i (ec% 'ata%itatea a (c8/t *e */ ri- Me'i'erea ratei :'a%te a 'ata%itii %a 'i9e% #%a% (e e+%ic +ri' 9a%ri%e :'a%te a%e i'*icatr/%/i re(+ecti9 :' re#i/'i%e (%a *e89%tate ta61 +-
Ta6elul + Evoluia ratei natalitii populaiei pe regiuni mari ale
6errei >la 1%%% locuitori?  R-7iu)-a
 A)ii
A(ia 3?,? 35,2 0@,4 0,7 01,2 0
02
A$rica 57,? 57,0 5,? 50,4 32,0 2?
A"erica Lati'
A"erica *e  Nr*
A/(tra%ia .i Ocea'ia
02,4 03, 04,3 4?,4 42,?4 77
Pe Terra 3,4 34, 02,5 0,0 04,7 70  Su$%a6  ?@HJJ@ABBEB A[H@ \EH@, Y[\], 4?25, +- 74; A%- U'#/rea'/, I- M/'te%e, Geogra4ia popula>iei, Ia.i, 0117, +- 7-
<'ce+:'* c/ a */a /"tate a (ec%/%/i a% !%ea, rata 'ata%itii a (c8/t :' tate re#i/'i%e "ari a%e Terrei, *ar, "ai a%e(, :' A(ia .i E/r+a a+ra+e *e 0 ri, :' ce%e%a%te re#i/'i "e'i':'*/!(e 9a%ri :'a%te A$rica, A"erica Lati'- Cea "ai (c8/t rata a 'ata%itii %a ra act/a% e(te :'re#i(trat :' E/r+a 41,5 -
Fe'"e'e%e *e"#ra$ice :' (tate%e *i' E/r+a a/ :'ce+/t ( e9%/e8e "ai *e#ra *ec:t :' ce%e%a%te re#i/'i "ari a%e Terrei- B/'ar, :' E/r+a rata 'ata%itii *i' ca/8a i'ter9e'iei c'.tie'te :' +rce(/% *e re+r*/cere a :'ce+/t ( (e "ic.re8e %a ($:r.it/% (ec%/%/i a% VIII!%ea, :' ce%e%a%te re#i/'i a%e %/"ii ! %a ($:r.it/% (ec%/%/i a% I!%ea ! :'ce+/t/% (ec%/%/i a% !%ea- De ee"+%/, :' +eria*a 4?1!4?5 rata 'ata%itii :' (tate%e *i' E/r+a a 9ariat :'tre 4!0 c/ ece+ia A%a'iei, Ir%a'*ei, P%'iei, Re+/%icii M%*9a .i T/rc"e'iei care a9ea/ 9a%ri :'a%te *e 3@!3? - <' acea(t +eria*, :' ce%e%a%te re#i/'i "ari a%e Terrei rata 'ata%itii era "ai :'a%t .i c'(tit/ia 51!1 c/ ece+ia ^a+'iei, I(rae%/%/i, Ci+r/%/i, /'*e 'i9e%/% 'ata%itii e(te "ai (c8/t-
<' a'ii W1, ai (ec%/%/i trec/t */+ 'i9e%/% 'ata%itii Re+/%ica M%*9a c/+ /'/% *i' +ri"e%e %c/ri +ri'tre (tate%e e/r+e'e */+ A%a'ia, c/ rat a ace(teia *e 3@,? 24ig1.31  <'  +re8e't */+ 9a%ri%e ace(t/i i'*icatr ea (e (it/ea8 +e /%ti"e%e %c/ri, 'i9e%/% 'ata%itii $ii'* ( 41,7, :' a'/% 0115- Cre.terea *e"#ra$ic :' (+ai/% #e#ra$ic act/a% a% Re+/%icii M%*9a a :'ce+/t :' a */a /"tate a (ec%/%/i a% !%ea-
Re*/cerea ratei 'ata%itii e(te caracteri(tic +e'tr/ tate (tate%e *i' E/r+a, :'( rit"/ri%e *e re*/cere (:'t *i$erite- <' "aritatea (tate%r ea (!a "ic.rat *e 0,0 ri, iar :' Re+/%ica M%*9a *e 3,2
0@
 
ri- Cea "ai "ic "ic.rare a ratei 'ata%itii (!a :'re#i(trat :' Fra'a 43 H .i :' Ita%ia 4@@ H, iar ce% "ai "/%t a cre(c/t acea(ta :' R"_'ia .i :' R/(ia 0, ri-
 5igura .- Evoluia ratei natalitii populaiei >la 1%%% de locuitori? "n unele ri europene i "n R. !oldova >1#$%&2%%*?
Ta6elul . Evoluia numrul nscuilor vii i a ratei natalitii "n
Repulica !oldova  A)ul Nu($ul 
)%/u&ilo$@ii  '(ii*
4?1 4?71 4?7 4?21 4?2 4?@1 4?@
?4,4 @2,? 7@,1 7?,@ 2?,0 2?,7 ?1,
3@,? 0?,3 01,5 4?,5 01,5 4?,@ 04,
411 ?7 2 22 @2 ?2 ?
411 2 @0 1 3 4
0?
@ 70 54 51 51
54 33 07 02 02
<' Re+/%ica M%*9a :' +eria*a 4?1!011 'ata%itatea (e caracteri8ea8 +ri'tr! te'*i' *e *i"i'/are c'ti'/- <' a'ii 4?1! 4??1 9a%ri%e "e*ii a%e 'ata%itii (!a/ (tai%it :' %i"ite%e *e 7?!21 "ii *e '(c/i 9ii +e a' ta61.-
D/+ 4??1, '/"r/% c+ii%r '(c/i!9ii a :'ce+/t ( (ca* ra+i*- N/"ai :' a'ii 4??1!4?? a $(t :'re#i(trat re*/cere *e %a 22,4 "ii +:' %a 7,5 "ii *e '(c/i 9ii (a/ c/ 02- Ca/8a ace(tei re*/ceri e(te, :' +ri"/% r:'*, cri8a ec'"ic *e */rat-
C'$r" *ate%r *i' ta6elul ], +t $i e9i*e'iate trei eta+e *e e9%/ie a ratei 'ata%itii6 ! Eta+a I 4?1!4?71 ! (e caracteri8ea8 +ri' (c*erea $arte (e"'i$icati9 a 'ata%itii ! *e %a 3@,? +:' %a 0?,3 (a/ c/ 05 H $a *e a'/% 4?1- ! Eta+a II 4?7!4?@ ! (e caracteri8ea8 +ri'tr!/' 'i9e% (tai% a% 'ata%itii rata 'ata%itii 9aria8 :' %i"ite%e 4?!04- ! Eta+a III */+ 4??1 ! a a9/t %c re*/cere e(e'ia% a 'ata%itii *e %a 42,4 +:' %a 41, -
<' +eria*a a'a%i8at rata 'ata%itii a (c8/t *e 3,2 ri .i :' a'/% 011 c'(tit/ia $a *e a'/% 4?1 *ar 02 H-   E9%/ia 'ata%itii :' Re+/%ica M%*9a e(te i'$%/e'at *e "ai "/%i $actri *e 'at/r (cia%!ec'"ic, *e"#ra$ic, c/%t/ra%, .i a'/"e6 ! tra'($r"ri%e (cia%!+%itice *eter"i'ate *e 'ai'a%i8area .i c%ecti9i8area tta% a ec'"iei 'ai'a%e :'ce+/te :' a'ii 4?5@! 4?1; ! cre.terea rit"/ri%r *e /ra'i8are :' ar; ! i'tr*/cerea %e#i(%aiei c/ +ri9ire %a a9rt; ! e"i#raia i'te'( .i r(+:'*irea %ar# a $e'"e'/%/i *e +%a'i$icare a $a"i%iei; ! cri8a ec'"ic ac/t .i *e %/'# */rat *e */+ a'/% 4??1-
 Nata%itatea :' Re+/%ica M%*9a (e *e(ee.te e(e'ia% :' +%a' teritria%, *ar, "ai a%e(, *i$er "/%t */+ ce%e */ "e*ii *e trai /ra'!r/ra% .i */+ /'iti%e a*"i'i(trati9e-
31
 
De "e'i'at $a+t/% c 'ata%itatea at:t :' "e*i/% r/ra%, c:t .i :' ce% /ra' are te'*i'a *e re*/cere, :'( rit"/ri%e (:'t *i$erite- <' "e*i/% r/ra% 'ata%itatea a $(t :'tt*ea/'a "ai :'a%t *ec:t :' ce% /ra', *e.i :' +eria*a +(te%ic, c/ ece+ia /%ti"i%r a'i, '/"r/% *e '(c/i 9ii :' "e*i/% /ra' a cre(c/t ca re8/%tat a% cre.terii i'te'(e a e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei /ra'e- A(t$e%, :' +eria*a 4?1!4?@ '/"r/% '(c/i%r :' "e*i/% /ra' a cre(c/t *e %a 40 "ii  +:' %a 37 "ii ta61 <- Acea(t cre.tere (e *atrea8 "i#raiei  ++/%aiei r/ra%e care :.i +(trea8 /' ti"+ arecare tra*iii%e  +ri9itr %a $a"i%ii%e c/ "/%i c+ii-
Ta6elul < Evoluia numrului nscuilor&vii i a ratei natalitii >R5?
 "n Repulica !oldova
 8Uscu>i: ii,mii
 8Uscu>i: ii, mii
 =aportul  =8 în mediu rural 4a>U de mediul ur6an, ;
4?1 4? 4?71 4?7
40,1 40,0 4,0 4,@
0?,2 03,4 04,2 42,5
4?21 4?2 4?@1 4?@
04,3 0@,0 34,0 37,1
4@, 01,0 4?,5 01,2
70 7@ 7 21
5@, 1,? 5@, 0,
4?,@ 01,? 01,4 00,4
5@ 4 5? @5
412 413, 413,7 417,@
35,7 04,2 40,2 43,7
50, 35,2 05,0 05,4
441,@ 43@
43,2 407,5 44?,
 Su$%a5 _EABJA[, AJA[@ E E`BEB @ABBE QRR , Q- 4?2@, [`- 50!5; 0nuarul statistic al =epu6licii Moldoa , C&i.i'/, 0117,  +-7!?- Fr raia'e%e *i' +artea (t:'# a Ni(tr/%/i .i "/'- Be'*er-
34
 
A'a%i8:'* e9%/ia 'ata%itii :' "e*i/% /ra' .i :' ce% r/ra%, c'(tat" /r"tare%e6 ! '/"r/% c+ii%r '(c/i :' "e*i/% /ra' :' +eria*a 4?1!4?@ a cre(c/t *e 3 ri *e %a 40,1 "ii +:' %a 32,1 "ii, iar :' a'ii 4?@! 0117 (!a re*/( *e 0,7 ri, ca/8a $ii'* "ic.rarea $arte i'te'( a ratei 'ata%itii, ceea ce (e e+%ic +ri' cre.terea (e"'i$icati9 a e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei /ra'e; ! :' e9%/ia ratei 'ata%itii :' "e*i/% /ra' (e e9i*e'ia8 trei eta+e6 a 4?1!4?7, c:'* rata 'ata%itii a (c8/t r/(c *e %a 0?,2  +:' %a 04,2 (a/ c/ 02H; 4?7!4?@, c:'* rata 'ata%itii (!a (tai%it :' %i"ite%e 4@, ! 04,2 9a%area "i'i" (!a :'re#i(trat :' a'/% 4?21 ! 4@, ; c 4??1!0117, c:'* rata 'ata%itii (!a re*/( *e %a 47,2 +:' %a ?,0H (a/ *e 4,@ ri- Rata 'ata%itii :' "e*i/% /ra' a a%ct/it :' 011 '/"ai 34H $a *e 4?1-
<' "e*i/% r/ra% ce% "ai "are '/"r *e '(c/i!9ii a $(t :'re#i(trat :' a'/% 4?1 2?,0 "ii, ceea ce a%ct/ia @2 H *i' tta%/% '(c/i%r :' Re+/%ica M%*9a, $ii'* *e 7,7 ri "ai "/%t *ec:t :' "e*i/% /ra'- Cea "ai (e"'i$icati9 re*/cere a 'ata%itii (!a :'re#i(trat :' +eria*a 4?1!4?7, +:' :' 4??1 (tai%i'*/!(e :' %i"ite%e *e 5@!1 "ii *e '(c/i!9ii a'/a%- Nata%itatea a :'ce+/t ( (ca* (e"'i$icati9 */+ a'/% 4??1- A(t$e%, :' 0117 '/"r/% '(c/i%r!9ii (!a re*/( $a *e 4?1 *e 3,3 ri .i c'(tit/ia *ar 05,4 "ii- Dac :' 4?1 '/"r/% '(c/i%r :' (+ai/% r/ra% *e+.ea i'*icatr/% re(+ecti9 *i' "e*i/% /ra' *e 7,7 ri, a+i :' a'/% 0117 '/"ai *e 4,@ ri-
<' e9%/ia ratei 'ata%itii :' "e*i/% r/ra% (e e9i*e'ia8 ace%ea.i trei eta+e6 a a'ii 4?1!4?7, care (e caracteri8ea8 +ri'tr! "ic.rare $arte "are a '/"r/%/i *e '(c/i 9ii, c:'* rata 'ata%itii a (c8/t *e %a 51,@ +:' %a 04, (a/ *e 4,? ri; a'ii 4?7!4??1, c:'* 'ata%itatea (!a (tai%it :' %i"ite%e 4?!04 ; c a'ii 4??1!011, c:'* 'ata%itatea a (c8/t e(e'ia%- A(t$e%, rata 'ata%itii :' "e*i/% r/ra% :' 011 a%ct/ia *ar 70H $a *e a'/% 4??1 .i 0@H $a *e 4?1- Deci :' +eria*a 4?1!011 rata 'ata%itii :' "e*i/% r/ra% (!a "ic.rat *e 3,7 ri-
Se +ate *e c'c%/8i'at c 'ata%itatea :' (+ai/% r/ra% a $r"at #e'$'*/% re+r*/cti9 a% ++/%aiei (tat/%/i- Re*/cerea 'ata%itii :' (at/% "%*9e'e(c, a%t/ri *e a%te $e'"e'e, +rec/" "rta%itatea
30
 
.i "i#raia, a/ */( %a +ier*erea $arte ra+i* a #e'$'*/%/i *e re+r*/cere, $a+t ce (e 9a r($r:'#e 'e#ati9 a(/+ra (it/aiei *e"#ra$ice :' /r"tarea +eria*- Acea(ta (e 9a $ace (i"it, "ai a%e(, */+ a'ii 014!0101, c:'* 9r ati'#e 9:r(ta *e re+r*/cere #e'eraii%e '(c/te */+ 4??1-
De.i (+ai/% #e#ra$ic a% Re+/%icii M%*9a e(te "*e(t, 'ata%itatea +e /'iti teritria%!a*"i'i(trati9e 9aria8- De(eiri%e (:'t6 ! 'ata%itatea :' raia'e%e a*"i'i(trati9e e(te "ai :'a%t *ec:t :' %ca%iti%e /ra'e; ! :' %ca%iti%e /ra'e "ari C&i.i'/, B%i, Or&ei, Ca&/% 'ata%itatea e(te "ai a( *ec:t :' %ca%iti%e /ra'e "ici C/.e'i,  Ni(+re'i, Te%e'e.ti; ! rata 'ata%itii :' raia'e%e (/*ice .i :' ce%e ce'tra%e (!a +(trat %a /' 'i9e% "ai :'a%t 44!43 *ec:t :' raia'e%e 'r*ice @!? -
 Ni9e%/% 'ata%itii (e (c&i" "/%t :' $/'cie *e 9:r(ta "a"ei ta61/-
Ta6elul / Repartizarea nscuilor "n funcie de v"rsta mamei+ >B?
"$upa ,- ?$%t a (a(-i 0113 4333 4332   S/ 01 *e a'i 01!05 0!0?
4,7 0?,7 3,7
5 .i +e(te 1, 1,4 1,4 Total 033 033 033
Fr raia'e%e *i' (t:'#a Ni(tr/%/i .i "/'- Be'*er-
A(t$e%, +e(te 7!7@H *i' '/"r/% '(c/i%r re9i' "a"e%r *i' #r/+e%e *e 9:r(t *e 01!05 .i 0!0? *e a'i- <' +eria*a 4??1!011 a cre(c/t +'*erea c+ii%r '(c/i *e "a"e%e *i' #r/+e%e *e 9:r(t (/ 01 *e a'i *e @,3 ri .i 01!05 *e a'i c/ 35H- Tt*at, (!a re*/( +'*erea c+ii%r '(c/i *e "a"e%e c/ 9:r(ta +e(te 3 *e a'i *e %a 44,@H :' a'/% 4??1, +:' %a ,2H :' 011-
33
 
La e%ararea +%iticii *e"#ra$ice :' *"e'i/% 'ata%itii, tre/ie *e i'/t c't *e $a+t/% c 9:r(ta +ti" a $e"eii +e'tr/ 'a.tere e(te +:' %a 3 *e a'i- Deci +%itica *e"#ra$ic tre/ie ( $ie :'*re+tat +riritar (+re ace(te #r/+e *e 9:r(t-
Re*/cerea 'ata%itii (e re$%ect a(/+ra re+arti8rii ce%r '(c/i c'$r" ra'#/%/i '(c/i%r- Caracteri(tic :' acea(t +ri9i' e(te cre.terea e(e'ia% a '(c/i%r *e ra'#/% :'t:i .i "ic.rarea ce%r *e ra'#/% trei .i "ai "/%t ta61)-
Ta6elul ) Repartizarea nscuilor conform rangului naterilor+ >B?
 A)ul Î) total P$i(ul Al ,oil-a Al t$-il-a Al pat$ul-a 9i (ai (ult 
4?21 4?@1 4?@ 4??1 4?? 0111 011 0117
411 411 411 411 411 411 411 411
32,@ 52,@ 51,1 50, 5?,4 3,@ 0,? 0,@
0,0 30,2 37,7 33,@ 30,1 31,0 30,3 33,4
43,1 44,0 4,0 4,4 44,1 ?,? ?,@ ?,5
05,1 @,3 @,0 @, 2,1 7,4 ,1 5,2
Fr raia'e%e *i' (t:'#a Ni(tr/%/i .i "/'- Be'*er-
Di' %i+(a *e i'$r"aie (tati(tic '/ +/te" /r"ri e9%/ia ace(t/i i'*icatr +e +eria* "ai :'*e%/'#at, *ar .i ceea care (e re$er %a +eria*a *e 3 *e a'i 4?21!0117 "rt/ri(e.te *e(+re tra'($r"ri%e e9i*e'te :' ca*r/% %/i, "ai a%e( :' *ece'ii%e a'teriare- De(+re acea(ta c'$ir" *ate%e rece'(":'t/%/i  ++/%aiei *i' a'/% 4??, c'$r" crra rata tta% *e $erti%itate c'(tit/ia :' "e*ie 3,@ c+ii %a $e"eie, +e c:'* :' +re8e't *ar 4,0 c+i%- Tt*at, *ate%e (tati(tice arat c :' 4?21 +'*erea c+ii%r  '(c/i *e ra'#/% trei .i "ai "/%t a%ct/ia 32H, $a *e 45,3H :' a'/% 0117-
<' +eria*a 4?21!0117 a cre(c/t +'*erea '(c/i%r *e ra'#/% :'t:i +:' %a 0,@H, (!a "e'i'/t +r+ria '(c/i%r *e ra'#/% *i .i (!a "ic.rat +'*erea '(c/i%r *e ra'#/% trei .i "ai "/%t-
35
 
Tate ce%e "e'i'ate .i!a/ %(at a"+re'ta a(/+ra e$ecti9/%/i .i (tr/ct/rii *e"#ra$ice a ++/%aiei Re+/%icii M%*9a-
Mrta%itatea ++/%aiei e(te a% *i%ea $e'"e' *e"#ra$ic care i'$%/e'ea8 *irect (a/ i'*irect re+r*/cerea ++/%aiei- De 9ariaia rate%r *e "rta%itate *e+i'* (+r/% 'at/ra% .i rit"/ri%e *e cre.tere a '/"r/%/i ++/%aiei, (+era'a *e 9ia .i e9%/ia $e'"e'e%r *e"#ra$ice 'ata%itatea, '/+ia%itatea, "i#raia .-a-- La r:'*/% ei, "rta%itatea ++/%aiei e(te i'$%/e'at *e "/%i"e *e $actri #e#ra$ici, (cia%i, ec'"ici, c/%t/ra%i, i(trici, +(i&%#ici, *e"#ra$ici etc- Factrii (ciec'"ici (e a$% :' +ri"!+%a'6 'i9e%/% *e trai .i *e e*/caie, 'i9e%/% *e c'(/" a%i"e'tar, (tarea *e ('tate, 'i9e%/% a(i(te'ei "e*ica%e etc-
Mrta%itatea ++/%aiei, ca $e'"e' *e"#ra$ic, +ate $i c'(i*erat cate#rie i(tric, *earece (+era'a *e 9ia a  ++/%aiei 9aria8 $arte "/%t *e %a +eria* i(tric %a a%ta- <' $%c%r/% a&a8ia' (e :'t:%'e(c re$eri'e c/ +ri9ire %a trec/t/% :'*e+rtat, c:'* a"e'ii tria/ 011!511 a'i, */c:'* /' "* acti9 *e 9ia ti"+ :'*e%/'#at Ac(a*i G-, Ne"e(Ker ^-, 4?21, +- 54!57- C'$r" "it/ri%r re%i#ia(e, 9iaa "/%/i e(te "/%t "ai (c/rt .i, at/'ci, /'*e e(te 9ra *e rea%itate .i /'*e *e $a'te8ieb Pe'tr/ a *eter"i'a ace(t %/cr/, (!a/ e$ect/at "ai "/%te (t/*ii ar&e%#ice, c'(tat:'*/!(e c :' +eria*e%e :'*e+rtate (+era'a *e 9ia era *e(t/% *e "ic *e ee"+%/, :' +eria*a +a%e8ic acea(ta era *e 4!01 *e a'i, iar :' +eria*a 'e%itic ! *e 00 *e a'i .i '/"ai /'e%e  +er(a'e a/'#ea/ +:' %a 9:r(ta *e 1!71 *e a'i- St/*i/% ar&e%#ic e$ect/at :' +e.tera T$a%rat *i' Marc, /'*e a/ $(t cercetate 4@7 *e r".ie *e (c&e%ete "e'e.ti, a *e"'(trat c *ar 4H *i'  +er(a'e%e *ece*ate a/ *e+.it 9:r(ta *e 51 *e a'i, iar ce%e%a%te a/ *ece*at +:' %a 9:r(ta *e 31 *e a'i- D/+ +rerea *e"#ra$/%/i  +%'e8 E- R((et, (+era'a *e 9ia a ++/%aiei :' tat +eria*a  +rei(tric 9aria :'tre 0 ! 31 *e a'i R((et E-, 4?@4, +- 4@2!4@@
Ti+/% act/a% *e "rta%itate a+are %a a'/"it eta+ *e *e89%tare i(tric a (cietii, ca re8/%tat a% cre.terii +(ii%itii ace(teia *e a i'ter9e'i .i *e a (/+/'e c'tr%/%/i aci/'ea 'e#ati9 a "/%tr $actri e'*#e'i .i e#e'i- <' /r"a tra'($r"ri%r  ec'"ice, (cia%e, c/%t/ra%e, a *e89%trii +r#re(/%/i te&'ic! .tii'i$ic, 9iaa "/%/i .i "rta%itatea tt "ai +/i' *e+i'* *e i'$%/e'a $actri%r eter'i- Act/a%"e'te, "rta%itatea tt "ai "/%t
3
 
e(te i'$%/e'at *e $actri e'*#e'i, *eter"i'ai, :' "are "(/r, *e $actrii 'at/ra%i :"tr:'irea ++/%aiei-
<' %iterat/ra *e (+ecia%itate c'ti'/ *i(c/ii%e c/ +ri9ire %a c%a(i$icarea ca/8e%r *e *ece( */+ $actrii e'*#e'i .i e#e'i- C/'(c/t/% *e"#ra$ $ra'ce8 ^- B/r#ei(!Pic&at i'c%/*ea :' =#r/+/% $actri%r e#e'i> %i%e i'$ecia(e, %i%e a+arat/%/i re(+iratr, acci*e'te%e, i'ticaii%e, tra/"ati("e%e- Tate ce%e%a%te  %i era/ +%a(ate :' =#r/+/% $actri%r *e 'at/r e'*#e'> B/r#ei(!Pic&at ^-, 4?2@, +- 40!54- A%i (a9a'i %a =#r/+/% $actri%r e'*#e'i> atri/ie %i%e a+arat/%/i circ/%atr, t/"ri%e "a%i#'e, /%cer/%, iar %a =#r/+a $actri%r e#e'i> %i%e i'$ecia(e, %i%e a+arat/%/i re(+iratr, *iaree%e, acci*e'te%e, tra/"ati("e%e Pre(' S--, 4?20- Di(c/tai% :' acea(t +ri9i' e(te ca/8a *e *ece( *eter"i'at *e t/"ri- E+i*e"i%#ii c'(i*er c t/"ri%e (:'t *eter"i'ate *e $actrii ca'cer#e'i ai "e*i/%/i .i %e #r/+ea8, re(+ecti9, :' =#r/+/% $actri%r e#e'i> -
C%a(i$icarea ca/8e%r *e *ece( .i a'a%i8a (tr/ct/rii %r *a/  +(ii%itatea *e a e9i*e'ia (c&i"ri%e ca%itati9e :' "rta%itatea  ++/%aiei- C/ tate ca "rta%itatea a $(t +ri"/% $e'"e' *e"#ra$ic *e %a care a/ :'ce+/t :' (ec%/% a% VII (t/*ii%e *e"#ra$ice *i' %i+(a i'$r"aiei (tati(tice e(te *i$ici% *e /r"rit e9%/ia ace(t/i $e'"e' *i' +/'ct *e 9e*ere i(tric- Di' (t/*ii%e e$ect/ate (e +ate *e $c/t c'c%/8ia c 'i9e%/% "rta%itii era *e(t/% *e :'a%t *i' ca/8a *i$eritr catac%i("e 'at/ra%e, (cia%e, ec'"ice- Mai '/"era( e(te i'$r"aia +e *i$erite re#i/'i a%e Terrei, care +er"ite a /r"ri e9%/ia ace(t/i $e'"e'- Pr$- S- P%(c&ii (crie c :' +eria*a 435@!4511 a/ *ece*at +e(te 51H *i'  ++/%aia E/r+ei, *re+t c'(eci' a e+i*e"iei .i $a"ei P%(c&ii S-, 4?@2, +-31- Ace%a.i a/tr arat c :' (ec%/% a% VIII!%ea :' E/r+a +e(te 1H *i' c+ii *ece*a/ +:' %a 9:r(ta *e 01 *e a'i, iar  rata "rta%itii *e+.ea 51- Pr$e(r/% B- Ur%a'i( a*/ce ace%ea.i *ate 32!3@H *e(+re "rta%itatea ++/%aiei :' E/r+a :' (ec%e%e !V- St/*ii%e a(/+ra "rta%itii arat c :' (ec%e%e I! "rta%itatea c+ii%r :' /'e%e re#i/'i a%e E/r+ei era $arte "are--- =Di' 41 c+ii '/"ai /'/% (/+ra9ie/ia +:' %a "at/ritate> Ji(e%e9a G-, 4?2?, +-50!53@-
 Ni9e%/% "rta%itii :' (tate%e E/r+ei +e +arc/r(/% (ec%e%r  V!VII era $arte :'a%t- <' /'e%e re#i/'i "rta%itatea era *e 1!
37
 
3, iar :' /'ii a'i 4@7!4741 *e+.ea ?1!441 Ur%a'i( B-, 4?25, 540!531-
Tra'($r"ri +8iti9e :' e9%/ia "rta%itii ++/%aiei (e :'re#i(trea8 :'ce+:'* c/ (ec%/% a% VIII!%ea, c:'* rata "rta%itii :' (tate%e *i' E/r+a era *e(t/% *e (tai% :' %i"ite%e *e 31!3- Acea(ta (e *atrea8 re8/%tate%r :'re#i(trate *e "e*ici'- <' /r"tare%e (ec%e rata "rta%itii are te'*i'e *e *i"i'/are- A(t$e%, :' (ec%/% a% I!%ea rata "rta%itii 9aria :' %i"ite%e 0! 31, iar :' (ec%/% a% !%ea a (c8/t *e %a 00 :' 4?11 +:' %a ?,3 :' a'/% 0114-
Mrta%itatea ++/%aiei Terrei (e caracteri8ea8 +ri' *i$ere'ieri teritria%e $arte "ari- Li+(a i'$r"aiei (i(te"ati8ate  +e'tr/ +eria*e%e trec/te '/ 'e +er"ite a (t/*ia e9%/ia "rta%itii  +e +eria* :'*e%/'#at- Si(te"ati8area i'$r"aiei (tati(tice  +er"ite a c'c%/8i'a c :'c %a "i%c/% (ec%/%/i a% !%ea ei(ta /' *eca%a *e(t/% *e "are :' ceea ce +ri9e.te rata "rta%itii +e re#i/'i%e "ari a%e Terrei ta61 ] -
Ta6elul ]  Evoluia ratei generale a mortalitii populaiei pe
regiunile mari ale 6errei "n anii 1#'%&2%%' >la 1%%% de locuitori? 01;3< 01;2
01=3< 01=2
01>3< 01>2
Tta% "'*ia%
A$rica 00,@ 4?,0 47,5 45,3 43,? 4,1 07,3
A"erica Lati'
A"erica *e Nr*
A(ia 42,1 44,5 ?,7 @,3 2, 2,1 54,0
E/r+a 41,0 41,4 41,2 44,3 44, 40,1 442,1 A/(tra%ia .i Ocea'ia
41, ?,7 @,4 2,@ 2,1 2,1 77,7
32
 
 Su$%aX  ?@HJJ@ABBEB A[H@ \EH@, d]f\, Y[\], 4?@5, - 405;  Images economibues du monde , Pari(, 4??@, +-72;  Population  =e4erence 'ureau, 0117-
Pe +arc/r(/% +eria*ei 4?71!0117 a/ $(t :'re#i(trate "*i$icri e(e'ia%e :' e9%/ia "rta%itii %a 'i9e% #%a% .i +e re#i/'i "ari a%e Terrei6 ! (!a re*/( rata "rta%itii ++/%aiei Terrei *e %a 4,4 :' 4?71! 4?7 +:' %a ?,1 :' 0111!0117 (a/ c/ 51H; ! (!a "ic.rat rata "rta%itii :' tate re#i/'i%e "ari a%e Terrei c/ ece+ia E/r+ei- De ee"+%/, cea "ai "are *i"i'/are a ace(t/i i'*icatr (!a :'re#i(trat :' A(ia @,0H .i :' A"erica Lati' 1,@H; ! 'i9e%/% ce% "ai (c8/t a% "rta%itii :' (tate%e *i' E/r+a a $(t (e"'a%at :' a'ii 4?71!4?2 :' %i"ite%e *e 41,4!41,0, :' a'ii /r"tri :'ce+:'* cre.tere %e't- A(t$e%, ctre a'/% 0117 ea (!a "arat c/ 42H $a *e a'/% 4?71, *i' ca/8a cre.terii "rta%itii  ++/%aiei :' (tate%e E/r+ei *e E(t .i a tra'($r"ri%r :' (tr/ct/ra *e 9:r(t a ++/%aiei :' (tate%e E/r+ei Occi*e'ta%e-
Mrta%itatea ++/%aiei :' (tate%e E/r+ei :' +eria*a (t/*iat (e caracteri8ea8 +ri' *i$ere'ieri $arte "ari, *eter"i'ate *e tra'8iia *e"#ra$ic, ti"+/rie :' "/%te (tate *i' E/r+a Occi*e'ta%, tra'8iie care a :'ce+/t %a ($:r.it/% (ec%/%/i a% VIII!%ea .i (!a ter"i'at %a "i%c/% (ec%/%/i a% !%ea- <' (tate%e *i' E/r+a *e E(t, tra'8iia *e"#ra$ic (!a :'ce+/t c/ "/%t "ai t:r8i/, aia %a "i%c/% (ec%/%/i a% !%ea-
3@
 
 5igura <1 Evoluia ratei generale a mortalitii "n unele ri europene i R.!. >1#$%&2%%'?
 Su$%a6 De"(c+e eeK%-
Di' $i#/ra 3 (e (er9 c :' /'e%e (tate *e89%tate *i' E/r+a rata "rta%itii :' +re8e't a ati'( 'i9e%/% ce% "ai (c8/t, c"+arati9 c/ /'e%e (tate *i' E/r+a *e E(t- La :'ce+/t/% +eria*ei a'a%i8ate 4?1!4?21 9a%ri%e "rta%itii :' (tate%e E/r+ei Occi*e'ta%e era/ (/+eriare ce%r *i' (tate%e E/r+ei *e E(t, *atrit, :' +ri'ci+a%, 'i9e%/%/i a9a'(at *e :"tr:'ire a ++/%aiei- La ($:r.it/% +eria*ei */+ a'ii W?1 :' (tate%e *e89%tate :'ce+e /.ar (tai%i8are a ratei "rta%itii c/ te'*i' (+re *i"i'/are, iar  :' ri%e :' tra'8iie *i' E/r+a (e (er9 te'*i' *e cre.tere a i'*icatr/%/i re(+ecti9, *i' ca/8a cri8ei (ciec'"ice *i' a'ii W?1- De ee"+%/, :' R/(ia .i Ucrai'a rata "rta%itii :' +eria*a 4?71! 0115 a cre(c/t *e +e(te 0 ri, :' Re+/%ica M%*9a *e circa 0 ri-
<' Re+/%ica M%*9a rata "rta%itii %a :'ce+/t/% a'i%r  W1 ai (ec%/%/i a% !%ea a :'ce+/t ( (e "ic.re8e ca /r"are a :"/'tirii (it/aiei "ateria%e .i a(i#/rrii "e*ica%e- D/+ acea(ta, a /r"at +eria* *e (tai%i8are a i'*icatr/%/i re(+ecti9 :' /r/% 9a%rii *e 7,5!7,7H 4?71!4?77- <' +eria*a 4?77!4?7?, rata "rta%itii c/'a.te cre.tere %e't ta61 * -
Ta6elul * 
3?
 
Evoluia numrului de decese i a ratei mortalitii "n Repulica !oldova
 A)ii Nu($ul ,- ,-/-%- (ii 
 Î) + 8a& ,- 0123
+ 8a& ,- a)ul 0123
7,0 2,5 ?,3
425 474 014 47 47?
41,? ?,2
?2 @2 41? 414 444
 Su$%a: _EABJA[, AJA[@ E E`BEB @ABBE QRR , Q, 4?2@, - 50!5;  0nuarul Statistic al =epu6licii Moldoa,  C&i.i'/, 0117,  +-7!?-
Date%e *i' ta6elul *  *e"'(trea8 c '/"r/% *ece*ai%r :'  +eria*a (t/*iat a cre(c/t (tai% :'ce+:'* c/ a'ii W21 ai (ec%/%/i a% !%ea- <' a'(a"%/, +e +arc/r(/% +eria*ei '/"r/% *ece*ai%r a cre(c/t *e %a 07,5 "ii :' 4?1 +:' %a 55,2 "ii :' 011 (a/ c/ 7?H- Rata "rta%itii, */+ (c*ere e(e'ia% *e %a 44,0 :' 4?1 +:' %a 7,0 :' 4?7, :'ce+:'* c/ a'/% 4?21 :'re#i(trea8 cre.tere (tai% .i *e(t/% *e "are, :' a'/% 4?? $ii'* *e+.it rata c'(tatat :' a'/% 4?1- D/+ 4??, rata "rta%itii ++/%aiei *i' Re+/%ica M%*9a (e (tai%e.te :' %i"ite%e *e 44!40- Va%area ace(t/i i'*icatr e(te "ai ri*icat c/ 30H $a *e cea a i'*icatr/%/i "rta%itii ++/%aiei :' Fra'a, c/ 4?H ! :' Ger"a'ia .i A'#%ia, c/ 05H ! :' Ita%ia, *ar "ai (c8/t *ec:t :' R/(ia .i Ucrai'a c/ 02, B/%#aria c/ 47H-
Tt*at, e(te 'ece(ar *e "e'i'at ei(te'a /'ei *i$ere'ieri "ari :' e9%/ia "rta%itii ++/%aiei /ra'e .i a ce%ei r/ra%e- <' %i'ii "ari, e9%/ia "rta%itii .i a ratei "rta%itii +e ce%e */ "e*ii +(trea8 aceea.i te'*i' *e cre.tere ca :' a'(a"%/ +e ar, c/ 9ariaii :' /'ii a'i ta61 -31
Ta6elul -
51
 
Evoluia mortalitii populaiei "n Repulica !oldova "n funcie de medii+ anii 1#$%&2%%$
 A)ii  U$:a) Ru$al  
   =   a   t  a   m   o  r    t  a    l   i   t   U   >   i   i  p   o  p   u   l  a    >   i  e    i  r   u  r   a   l  e    î  n    ;    4  a    >   U    d  e   c  e   a   u  r    6  a   n   U
   8   u  m    U  r   u   l   d  e   c  e    d  a    >   i   l  o   r ,   m    i   i
   =   a   t  a   m   o  r    t  a    l   i   t   U   >   i   i ,   ^
   =   a   t  a   m   o  r    t  a    l   i   t   U   >   i   i   î  n    ;    4  a    >   U    d  e    +      )   9
   8   u  m    U  r   u   l   d  e   c  e    d  a    >   i   l  o   r ,  m    i   i
   =   a   t  a   m   o  r    t  a    l   i   t   U   >   i   i ,   ^
   =   a   t  a   m   o  r    t  a    l   i   t   U   >   i   i   î  n    ;    4  a    >   U    d  e    +      )   9
4?1 4? 4?71
7,0 2,@ 41,5
4@ 41 43
 Su$%a: _EABJA[, AJA[@ E E`BEB @ABBE QRR,  Q, 4?2@, - 50!57;  0nuarul Statistic al =epu6licii Moldoa , C&i.i'/, 0117, +- 2!?- Fr raia'e%e *i' (t:'#a Ni(tr/%/i .i "/'- Be'*er-
54
 
A'a%i8:'* e9%/ia '/"r/%/i *e *ece(e .i a ratei "rta%itii +e "e*ii%e /ra' .i r/ra%, (e +ate *e c'c%/8i'at6 • '/"r/% *ece*ai%r :' "e*i/% /ra' (!a "ic.rat '/"ai +:' :'
a'/% 4?, :' /r"trii a'i ei(t:'* te'*i' e9i*e't *e cre.tere a %/i- Mic.rarea '/"r/%/i *ece*ai%r */+ 4?? (e e+%ic +ri' $a+t/% c i'*icatr/% re(+ecti9 '/ c/+ri'*e (/r(e%e i'$r"ai'a%e *i' raia'e%e *i' (t:'#a Ni(tr/%/i- Cre.terea '/"r/%/i *e *ece(e e(te c'*ii'at *e "ararea "rta%itii ca re8/%tat a% (c&i"ri%r :' (tr/ct/ra *e 9:r(t .i a% cre.terii i'te'(e a e$ecti9/%/i ++/%aiei /ra'e;
• rata "rta%itii ++/%aiei /ra'e a (c8/t *e %a ?,@ :' 4?1  +:' %a 7,4 :' 4?7 (a/ c/ 3@H- Ni9e%/% (c8/t a% ratei "rta%itii :' %i"ite%e *e 7,1!7,H (!a +(trat +:' :' 4?21, */+ acea(ta /r":'* cre.tere (tai%- <' a'/% 011 rata "rta%itii ++/%aiei /ra'e a :'re#i(trat 9a%are *e ?,, a+r+ii'*/!(e "/%t *e 9a%area a'/%/i 4?1 ?,@- Deci rata "rta%itii :' ti"+ *e +e(te 1 *e a'i a $(t "ai a( ca cea *i' a'/% 4?1;
• "rta%itatea :' "e*i/% r/ra% a e9%/at "ai (e"'i$icati9- D/+ re*/cere e(e'ia% a '/"r/%/i *e *ece(e c/ 33H :' a'ii 4?1! 4?21, a :'ce+/t cre.tere $arte ra+i* a '/"r/%/i *ece*ai%r, a/'#:'* :' a'/% 4?? +:' %a 35,3 "ii 0H- Mic.rarea '/"r/%/i *e *ece(e :' a'ii 0111!011 (e e+%ic +ri' %i+(a i'$r"aiei re$eritare %a raia'e%e *e e(t a%e re+/%icii, *e.i 9a%ri%e ace(t/i i'*icatr (:'t *e(t/% *e "ari +e(te 31 "ii *e *ece(e a'/a%;
• rata "rta%itii ++/%aiei r/ra%e are ace%a.i caracter6 i'iia% (!a :'re#i(trat re*/cere e(e'ia%, c/ 52H +:' :' a'/% 4?7, a+i cre.tere tre+tat a ace(teia- Ctre a'/% 4?@ rata "rta%itii  ++/%aiei r/ra%e a *e+.it i'*icatr/% re(+ecti9 *i' a'/% 4?1,  +(tr:'*/!(e te'*i'a *e cre.tere;
•  +e +arc/r(/% +eria*ei (t/*iate rata "rta%itii ++/%aiei r/ra%e a $(t "ai :'a%t *ec:t rata "rta%itii ++/%aiei /ra'e, :' "e*ie c/ 3!5H- S!a (tai%it c :' a'ii c:'* rata "rta%itii (ca*e, (e "ic.rea8 .i *eca%a/% *i'tre ace(t i'*icatr :'tre "e*i/% /ra' .i ce% r/ra% .i, i'9er(, *at c/ cre.terea ratei "rta%itii (e "re.te .i *eca%a/% *i'tre "rta%itatea ++/%aiei
50
 
/ra'e .i a ce%ei r/ra%e- Ce% "ai "are *eca%a a $(t :'re#i(trat :' a'ii 4??@!4??1, c:'* rata "rta%itii ++/%aiei r/ra%e era c/ 74! 7H "ai :'a%t *ec:t rata "rta%itii ++/%aiei /ra'e-
Ei(t *i$ere'e "ari :'tre rate%e "rta%itii ++/%aiei .i +e /'iti a*"i'i(trati9e- Pt $i e9i*e'iate /r"tare%e +artic/%ariti6 • te'*i'a *e cre.tere a "rta%itii at:t :' %ca%iti%e r/ra%e, c:t .i
:' ce% /ra'e; •  +rce't/% "rta%itii ++/%aiei :' %ca%iti%e /ra'e e(te "ai
"ic *ec:t %a (ate- <' %ca%iti%e /ra'e +rce't/% "rta%itii 9aria8 :'tre 7,3H .i 40,- Rata "rta%itii ++/%aiei /ra'e *e+i'*e *e area%/% #e#ra$ic- Lca%iti%e /ra'e *i' 'r*/% rii (e caracteri8ea8 +ri'tr! rat a "rta%itii "ai "are G%*e'i   43,1H, Oc'ia 41,@H, Brice'i 41,H, +e c:'* :' ce%e *i' ce'tr/% .i *i' (/*/% re+/%icii acea(ta e(te c/ "/%t "ai "ic Le9a 2,4H, :'ce.ti @,5H, Ci"i.%ia @,0H;
• rata "rta%itii :' %ca%iti%e /ra'e "ari e(te "ai "ic *ec:t :' a'(a"%/ +e "e*i/% /ra' C&i.i'/ @,5, Srca @,3;
• :' raia'e%e r/ra%e *e(eiri%e (:'t "/%t "ai e(e'ia%e- De ee"+%/, :' raia'e%e a*"i'i(trati9e *i' +artea *e 'r* a re+/%icii rata "rta%itii ++/%aiei 9aria8 :'tre %i"ite%e *e 47! 42 D'*/.e'i 42,3H, Brice'i 47,?, %*'e.ti 47,@H, Oc'ia 47,5, +e c:'* :' raia'e%e a*"i'i(trati9e ce'tra%e .i *e (/* i'*icatr/% re(+ecti9 9aria8 :'tre 41H ! 40 Ca&/%   41,@H, Ca'te"ir 40,2H, Ia%9e'i 44,7H, UTA Ga#a/8ia   40,4H-
O i"+rta' "are are (t/*i/% "rta%itii ++/%aiei */+ (e .i 9:r(ta ace(teia- Pri"e%e (t/*ii a%e "rta%itii, rea%i8ate :' (ec- a% VII!%ea, c'(tat /' *eca%a "are :'tre 9a%ri%e .i rata "rta%itii +e (ee- La (e/% "a(c/%i' "rta%itatea e(te "ai :'a%t *ec:t %a (e/% $e"i'i' c/ circa 4H- C'$r" (a9a't/%/i r"_' V- Treici, rate%e *e "rta%itate +e (ee :' +ri"/% a' *e 9ia (:'t "ai "ari, a+i :'ce+ ( (e "ic.re8e, ca %a 9:r(t a'/"it ( :'cea+ '/ eta+ *e cre.tere, care (e "e'i'e +:' %a 9:r(ta %i"it- Ace(t  +rce( e(te i'e *e(cri( :' %/crri%e aca*- V- Treici, :' care a'a%i8ea8 e9%/ia ratei "rta%itii :' (tate%e *e89%tate  4ig1 .-
53
 
M/%i (+ecia%i.ti c'(i*er c +ri'ci+a%a ca/8a a *eca%a/%/i :'tre "rta%itatea +e (ee e(te +artici+area rai%r %a %/crri  +eric/%a(e, :' c'*iii 'ci9e .i c/ ri(c +e'tr/ 9ia- Tt*at, (e .tie c rata "rta%itii +e (ee e(te :' $/'cie *e 'i9e%/% *e *e89%tare ec'"ic .i (cia% a% (tate%r- <' (tate%e (%a *e89%tate *eca%a/% *i'tre rate%e "rta%itii ++/%aiei $e"i'i'e .i "a(c/%i'e e(te "ai "are, iar :' (tate%e *e89%tate "ai "ic, *eci .i (+era'a *e 9ia a ++/%aiei $e"i'i'e .i a ce%ei "a(c/%i'e (:'t *i$erite- <' +i'ia /'r a/tri, *i$ere'e%e :' ceea ce +ri9e.te "rta%itatea *i'tre ce%e */ (ee (:'t :' $/'cie *e *e89%tarea (cietii .i +t ( (e "ic.re8e *ar 'ici*at '/ 9r *i(+rea, *earece ca/8e%e ace(t/i *eca%a (e a(c/'* :' %e#iti%e e9%/iei i%#ice-
La eta+a c'te"+ra' :' e9%/ia ratei "rta%itii +e (ee :' Re+/%ica M%*9a *eca%a/% (e +(trea8 c/ /'e%e te'*i'e /.are (+re cre.tere ta61 3- St/*i/% *ate%r ei(te'te *e"'(trea8 "ic.rarea '/"r/%/i *e *ece(e :&