国家农发办利用世界银行贷款可持续发展农业项目World Bank Loan Assisted Integrated Modern Agriculture Development Project

少数民族发展计划报告Reports on Ethnic Minority Development

Plan (EMDP)

国家综合农业开发办公室State Office of Comprehensive Agricultural Development (SOCAD)

2012年 8月（08/2012）

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IPP591

Table of Contents

Introduction

1 The resident distribution of the EM groups, their cultural features and the review on the relevant policies

1.1 Resident distribution of EM groups in the project areas

1.2 The cultural features of those groups related to the project

1.3 The review on the legal and policy framework relevant policies to EM groups’ development

2 Executive summary of EM SA

3 Summarization of EM Community Consultation results

4 The Ethnic Minority Development Plan (EMDP) of IMAD Project

4.1 The casual diagram of “the analyses of the problems in irrigation water use and agricultural production, the causes and impacts”

4.2 The Logframe of EMDP of the Project

5 The framework for ensuring extensive consultation and informed participation of local EM groups during project implementation

6 The action plan of countermeasures to ensure local EM groups to receive social and economic benefits from the project, which are culturally appropriate, and to avoid or mitigate the possible adverse impacts

7 The costs estimated for the measures and actions designed in the EMDP, in consideration of combination with the project activities

8 Mechanism for the project to handle the complaints and opinions expressed by EM communities for project implementation

9 Mechanisms and benchmarks appropriate to the project for M&E and reporting on the implementation of the EMDP

Annexes

1 The list of EM (including EM having resided for centuries) community development project activities in the project area of Xinjiang

2 The list of project activities in EM community villages of Lingyuan City in Liaoning

3 The list of project activities in Hebutu Village of Zhangwu County in Liaoning

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Introduction

According to the requirement of the WB Team for Social Assessment (SA) and Ethnic Minority Development Planning (EMDP), SOCAT invited Dr. Li Ou, Prof. of China Agricultural University to conduct the mission. It was started in the early of April 2012 with the review on the relevant documents, and preparation of the work program and framework, training materials and household interview questionnaires. Since 23rd of April the trainings on the methodology of ethnic minority SA and Community Consultation (CC) have been conducted successively in Zhangwu County, Liaoning Province (on 24th of April), Fukang City (7th of May) of northern Xinjiang and Bohu County (9th of May) of southern Xinjiang to the PMO staff who would attend the SA field work of those counties/city and Lingyuan City/Liaoning and Qitai and Yanqi Counties/Xinjiang. During or after the training, Li Ou led and advised them to conduct the field survey of SA and CC in one project village in each of the five counties/cities except for Qitai County. Then the trained PMO staff conducted the field work of the remaining survey villages, which was completed in the early and late of May respectively in Liaoning and Xinjiang. After that, Li Ou made summarization and analyses of the statistics, data and survey results, dawn conclusions, proposed recommendations and worked out EMDP, and completed the SA report and EMDP of both Chinese and English versions by the end of Aug.

This report consists of seven sections. The first is the introduction to present the purpose/goals of SA, scope of the work, methods and outputs, and the framework of SA, CC and EMDP, the steps and methods applied. The second is about the selection of survey village for SA and CC, the residence distribution of the minority groups, their cultural features related to the project and the review on the ethnic minority related legal and policy framework. The third is about the results and findings of SA at village level. The fourth is about the results and findings of CC. The fifth is about the conclusions and recommendations of EM SA and CC. The sixth is about the EMDP of the project, the framework of Participation, the action plan to avoid or mitigate the possible negative impacts, the estimated costs, M&E mechanism, etc. The seventh is the annexes – the results of participatory SA survey and the questionnaires for household interview.

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1 The resident distribution of the EM groups, their cultural features and the review on the relevant policies

1.1 Resident distribution of EM groups in the project areasThe project areas in Liaoning Province involved in SA include Zhangwu County and Lingyuan City. The Mongolian population and households in the 6 villages involved in Zhangwu County account 10.2 and 10.6%, while 27.2 and 31.4% in Hebutu Village. The 4 villages involved in Lingyuan City have Mongolian population and households accounting 20.8 and 20.9% while 48.2 and 46.8% in Naimanyingzi Village and 26.4 and 22.9% in Tianshenghao Village. The Mongolian population and households in 10 villages involved in the two counties, accounting 15.3 and 15.9%. From the two proportions, it could be concluded that the survey villages selected have representativeness for the project area in term of the resident distribution of Mongolian groups.Table 1.1 Proportion (%) of Mongolian population and households in the project areas of the project counties, villages and survey villages involved in SA in Liaoning Province

Village

No./name

Population Household Mongolian

Population

% Mongolian

household

%

Zhang-

wu

6 10,541 2,575 1,078 10.2 273 10.6

Hebutu 1,353 306 368 27.2 96 31.4

Ling-

yuan

4 9,593 2,723 2,000 20.8 570 20.9

Naimanyingzi 1,048 333 505 48.2 156 46.8

Tainshenghao 2,710 783 716 26.4 179 22.9

Sum 10 20,134 5,298 3,078 15.3 843 15.9

(Source: provided by provincial PMO.)

All the 4 project counties/city in Xinjiang involves EM. There are 4 villages involving EM in Qitai County, among which only Xikan’erzi Village of Kan’erzi Township has more EM households accounting to 67.8%, mainly Uygur (50.9%) and some Hui. 3 villages involved in Fukang City. Among them Xiaoquan Village in Shanghugou Township has mainly Kazak with 59.1% of household proportion, which is unique among the project areas in Xinjiang., 9 villages involved in Bohu County, the household proportion of Uygur, Mongolian and Hui account to 12.4, 9.7 and 10.8% in the project areas, 32.9% in total. While among the survey villages, the proportion are 43.1, 9.2, 18.3 and 70.6% in Ha’er’engen, 4.4, 10.2, 5.3 and 19.9% in Caikannuo’er, and 13.5, 15.1, 25.7 and 54.3% in Wutingguoleng, mainly by Uygur, Mongolian and Hui respectively. 10 villages involved in Yanqi County, the household proportion of Uygur, Mongolian and Hui account to 32.2, 2.2 and 42.0% in the project areas, 76.4% in total. While among the survey villages, the household proportion of Uygur and Hui are 12.5, 51.3, and 63.8% in total in Xinhuju, 25.3, 59.3 and 84.6% in Beidaqu, and 55.7, 4.3 and 60.0% in Bao’erhai Village respectively, mainly by Hui in the former 2 villages and Uygur in the later. In the project area of Xinjiang, totally 26 villages were involved with 28,683 population and 7,963 households. Among them Uygur 1,114 households accounting 14.0%, Kazak 325 and 4.1%, Mongolian 365 and 4.6%, and Hui 1,449 and 18.2%; totally 3,253 households and 40.9%. Therefore, the 9 surveyed villages have the representativeness in EM groups’ resident distribution for the project areas not only of

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the counties/city but also of whole Xinjiang.Table 1.2 The EM household proportion in the project areas of the project villages and survey villages involving Uygur, Kazak, Mongolian and Hui in Xinjiang

V. no./name Total HHs Uygur % Kazak % Mongol % Hui %

Fukang 3 1,700 313 18.4 363 21.4

Xiaoquan 530 313 59.1

Jianquan 610 153 25.1

Qitai 4 1,306 188 14.4 12 0.9 2 0.2 62 4.7

Xikan’erzi 369 188 50.9 58 15.7

Bohu 9 3,390 421 12.4 328 9.7 366 10.8

Ha’er’engen 262 113 43.1 24 9.2 48 18.3

Caikannuo’er 226 10 4.4 23 10.2 12 5.3

Wutingguoleng 682 92 13.5 103 15.1 175 25.7

Yanqi 10 1567 505 32.2 35 2.2 658 42.0

Xinhuju 232 29 12.5 119 51.3

Beidaqu 162 41 25.3 96 59.3

Bao’erhai 115 64 55.7 5 4.3

Total 26 7,963 1,114 14.0 325 4.1 365 4.6 1,449 18.2

(Source: provided by Xinjiang PMO.)

1.2 The cultural features of those groups related to the projectThe cultural features of EM groups in the project areas reflected in this report are mainly those concerned with the their agricultural production, land use, participation in and decision making on the affairs of the families and communities, conflict mediation, etc.

1.2.1 The Mongolian in the project area in LiaoningSpoken and written languageBecause Mongolian and Han had lived in the same area for centuries, Han language had gradually become the communication tool commonly used by both ethnic groups. For example in Sihedang Township and Sanjiazi Mongolian Autonomous Township where Mongolian and Han mixed resident, the Mongolian aged villagers of 65 or more years old could still normally communicate with Mongolian spoken language. While the ones of 45 to 65 years old could basically understand but not use it for conversation. The Mongolian villagers of 45 or less years old only communicate with Han language, no difference from the Han villagers.

In the implementation of the national ethnic group equality policies, the education of EM has been promoted greatly. The EM high schools were established, courses taught bilingually in both Mongolian and Han language.

Production mode and land use

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Historically, the major production mode of the Mongolian had been the pastoralism. Along with the settlement of Mongolian herders in this area, land had been reclaimed, the Mongolian changed their mode of production to semi-farming and semi-pastoralism, and then to crop farming with animal production as the side-line. Therefore, in such a mixed resident area Mongolian and Han farmers show a mutual complimentary economy, various modes of living and production that suitable to local natural and social circumstances have been adopted by various ethnic population.

The roles and functions of womenMongolian wives usually work together with their husbands in crop framing. In the families having the husbands migrated for wage, the wives bear all responsibilities of taking care of the aged, bringing up the children and cultivating crops, with important roles in living and production of the families. In this area, women often occupy 1/4 of VC members, which show that the social status of women has been promoted obviously. For example in the EM mixed resident area of Lingyuan City, a demonstration program “for rural EM women to increase income and become well-off”. It organizes EM women fully participate in rural economic development, by having them master one applied technique and attend one becoming well-off activity.

Mechanism of consultation and making decision on, and management of, community affairs and mediation of conflictBecause of long-term mixed residence, there is no difference in consultation on community affairs between Mongolian and Han villagers. There are some Mongolian members within VCs, and no ethnic differences in decision making and daily management. Various conflicts are mediated or coordinated by VC without bias caused by ethnic differences. Every ethnic males and females participate in the meetings convened by VC, to participate in the consultation and making decision on, and management of, community affairs.

1.2.2 Uygur in the project area of XinjiangSpoken and written language and religionUygur has own language – Uygur language, and believes Islam generally.

The traditional holidays possibly needing the project to properly arrange the labor input timing of the activitiesThe traditional holidays possibly needing the project to properly arrange the labor input timing of the activities is Iranian New Year. According to the rules of Islam, Ramadan is started one month before Iranian New Year. No bite and sup are allowed after sunrise and before sunset. Ramadan lasts one month, and then bite and sup are allowed during daytime.

Livelihood modeUygur engage mainly in farming, and are skillful in cultivation of cotton, grape and other horticultures, complemented with animal production. They have the tradition to engage in trade, and traditional handcraft with quite high artistic merit. The hand-made carpets, embroidery, etc. possess unique ethnic style.

Mechanism of consultation and making decision on, and management of, community affairs

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and mediation of conflictBasically as the Han farmers, the Uygur engaging in farming have both men and women work on the field together. Women’s status in the families is quite high, not only make cooking and look after of the aged and children but also manage the economic expenditures. Both the male and female Uygur actively participate in the meetings convened by VC, to participate in the consultation and making decision on, and management of, community affairs. Various conflicts are mediated or coordinated by VC without bias caused by ethnic differences. The religion people of the mosque generally do not engage in the community affairs.

1.2.3 Kazak in the project area of XinjiangSpoken and written language and religion

Kazak has own language – Kazak language, and believes Islam generally.

Production mode and land use

Historically Kazak has been an ethnic engaged mainly in pastoralism that is their traditional mode of living and production with grassland and livestock as the fundamental means of production. Kazak herders spend most of times on the mountain foot, river valley, basin, for nomadic life. They live where there is water and grass, and migrate along with the seasonal changes to the most suitable grassland camps that are divided into the winter and summer ones. Some of the Kazak engage in farming complementarily. Along with the socio-economic development, sedentary animal rearing became Kazak herders’ a new mode of living and production, which favoring not only the socio-economic development but also ecological environment protection in pastoral area.

Mechanism of consultation and making decision on, and management of, community affairs and mediation of conflictAs the Han farmers basically, the Kazak who engage in farming complementarily, have both men and women work on the field together. Women’s status in the families is quite high, not only make cooking and look after of the aged and children but also manage the economic expenditures. Both the male and female Kazak actively participate in the meetings convened by VC, to participate in the consultation and making decision on, and management of, community affairs. Various conflicts are mediated or coordinated by VC without bias caused by ethnic differences.

1.2.4 Mongolian in the project area of XinjiangSpoken and written languageMongolian in the project area of Xinjiang belongs to Mongolian Branch of Altaic language system. The written language used to the Todo script, but had applied the traditional Mongolian alphabet since 1971. After years of dissemination, majority Mongolian had mastered it by 1988.

Production mode and land use

Mongolian had engaged mainly in pastoralism for a long time, living a nomadic life to seek water and grass. Some of them engaged in farming but the cultivation techniques were comparatively backward and gain crop species simple, with mainly the wheat and corn. Now the Mongolian

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herders have changed the production mode to the one of pastoralism complemented with cropping. Along with the further development of agriculture and increase of farming techniques, most of them have built the sedentary with the assistance of government to engage farming, leaving some people engage in nomadic pastoralism.

Management of community affairsThe elderly play important roles in mediation of the families’ conflict. When any happens, usually invite the prestigious elderly for conciliation. Both the male and female Mongolian actively participate in the meetings convened by VC, to participate in the consultation and making decision on, and management of, community affairs. Various conflicts are mediated or coordinated by VC without bias caused by ethnic differences.

1.2.5 Hui ethnic in the project area of XinjiangSpoken and written language and religionHui is an EM group having settled in Xinjiang for centuries, and uses Han language in their daily life. However, for the internal communication of the ethnic and religion activities, Hui has own ethnic lingual expression mode and custom. Hui ethnic believe Islam generally.

Production mode and land use

Hui EM group mainly engage in cropping sharing the same production mode as Han farmers, with stall feeding animals, complemented by handcrafting and trading.

The roles and status of womenHui EM group engages in farming by both men and women working on the field together. Women’s status in the families is quite high, not only make cooking and look after of the aged and children but also manage the economic expenditures.

Mechanism of consultation and making decision on, and management of, community affairs and mediation of conflictBoth the male and female Hui people actively participate in the meetings convened by VC, to participate in the consultation and making decision on, and management of, community affairs. Various conflicts are mediated or coordinated by VC without bias caused by ethnic differences. The elderly play important roles in mediation of the families’ conflict. When any happens, usually invite the prestigious elderly for conciliation.The religion people of the mosque generally do not engage in the community affairs.

1.3 The review on the legal and policy framework relevant policies to EM groups’ development

Xinjiang belongs to EM autonomous region. According to the indication of “PRC EM Regional Autonomy Law”, EM regional autonomy is a fundamental policy of China to deal with the ethnic affairs, and one of the national important political systems. EM regional autonomy means that under the national unified leadership, the areas where the EM groups inhabit practice the regional autonomy, set up the autonomy authorities and exert autonomy right. The implementation of EM

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regional autonomy embodies the national sprit to fully respect and guarantee the rights of every EM to manage their internal affairs, and the national principle persisting in the realization of equity, unity and common prosperity among the ethnic groups.

The population in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has EM groups as the majority. Therefore, various policies, constructions and development projects all have EM as the major beneficiary groups. The aspects of policies related to the project include EM affairs, water conservation development and administration reform, women, etc.

In the aspect of EM development, the regional party committee issued the “Opinions on further strengthening EM affairs work (No. 12 document, 2010)”, which proposed the objectives by 2020 to realize the regional coordinated development, people prosperous, ecological goodness, ethnic unity, social stability, border area steady, cultural progress, and comprehensive construction of well-to-do society, and main tasks such as increase the level of public services, improve people’s livelihoods, increase living and production conditions of every ethnic groups, develop the equal, unity, mutual help and harmonious ethnic relations, etc. In the project counties/city where multiple EM groups mixed reside with Han ethnic, such as Fukang City also issued the “Opinions on the implementation of further strengthening the EM resident area’s socio-economic development”.

In the aspect to develop water saving agriculture, the regional government applies the ratio of 1:1 fund raising (50% from the regional and local levels respectively). For the reform of water conservation management, the regional level issued the scheme to implement the opinions from the State Council, and proposed that the institutional reform at grassroots command area level be actively promoted, having the participation of farmers and herders in irrigation management as the core, well dealing with the relationships of responsibilities, rights and interests among the water administrator/supplier, WUA and water users, etc.

In the aspect of women, the Women Federation system adopted various measures to implement the laws and regulations concerned with the rights and interests of women and children, and implemented the projects to mobilize every ethnic women participate in socio-economic development in the communities and society. They tried to get assistances from government line agencies and NGOs to support women, esp. the ones of the poor families with micro credit to develop production, increase income and raise the status in the families and society.

In the project area in Zhangwu County and Lingyuan City, there are various EM groups including Mongolian reside, among which Sanjiazi Township where the project village of Tianshenghao located belongs Mongolian autonomous township. The people’s congress of Liaoning Province issued the document to implement the national law of EM regional autonomy in Sept. 2008, to guarantee the autonomous counties implement the autonomy and promote the development of the counties. In addition, the province also formulated the policies related to scattered resident EM groups, e.g. the provincial people’s congress approved the regulations to guarantee the rights and interests of the scattered EM, for the EM outside the autonomy counties or the EM groups other than the one enjoying autonomy in the autonomous counties, e.g. the Mongolian in Man EM autonomy county, to guarantee the rights and interests and promote the socio-economic

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development of the scattered EM groups.

The provincial party committee and government issued the opinions to implement strengthening EM affairs work and further improve and raise the production and living conditions of EM groups and areas in Oct. 2005. The provincial EM affairs commission issued the scheme to implement the demonstration of EM groups’ new countryside development in April 2006. Tianshenghao Village is one of the provincial demonstration village, and then became the provincial so-called EM unique feature new village in 2011.

After having reviewed the central government policies on EM groups’ development and the policies of project province/autonomous region and counties/city, it could be concluded that he policy environment, in terms of the EM affairs, irrigation infrastructure development and water management reform, women, etc. is favorite for the EM communities and farmers to participate in the project and be equally benefited, for the application of the Participatory project planning, implementation and management, and for the establishment, operation and development of the mechanisms and organizations such as WUA for EM community consultation and expression of own needs and concerns.

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2 Executive summary of EM SA

The EM SA and CC conducted in the 3 villages of Liaoning and 9 villages of Xinjiang have followed the methods presented in the Introduction. Because the features concerned in Tianshenghao village of Lingyuan City were quite similar with the ones in Naimanyingzi Village, only key informant interview was conducted there. In all of the other 11 villages, the PRA tools of community resource mapping, household wealth ranking, livelihood seasonal calendar, etc. were applied for analyses, the workshop held including the group discussions by various categories household representatives and plenary presentation and consultation, and the household interviews conducted with questionnaires (see the following table for the summary).Table 2.1 The summary of methods applied in the survey villages

County Village Mapping Ranking Calendar Workshop Questionnaire

Liao-

ning

ZhW Hebutu 1 1 1 1 plenary 10

Ling-

yuan

Naimanyingzi 1 1 1 1 plenary 10

Tainshenghao With key informant interview

Xin-

jiang

Fu-

kang

Xiaoquan 1 1 1 3group+1plenary 10

Jianquan 1 1 1 2group+1plenary 10

Qitai Xikan’erzi 1 1 1 2group+1plenary 10

Bohu Ha’er’engen 1 1 1 4group+1plenary 9

Caikannuo’er 1 1 1 4group+1plenary 10

Wutingguoleng 1 1 1 4group+1plenary 10

Yanqi Xinhuju 1 1 1 3group+1plenary 10

Beidaqu 1 1 1 3group+1plenary 10

Bao’erhai 1 1 1 3group+1plenary 10

Sum 11 11 11 28group+11plenary 109

The 20 households interviewed in the survey villages of Liaoning were all the Mongolian. Among the 89 households interviewed in the villages of Xinjiang, there were 25 Uygur, 6 Kazak, 7 Mongolian, 25 Hui and 26 Han. EM households accounted 70.8%, much higher than the household proportion of 41.0%. There were totally 381 people of the 109 interviewed households, 3.5 per household; male 54.1%, adults of 17 to 59 years old 76.4%, the aged of 60 years old and above 8.9%; 16 long-term sick, 5 disabled and 1 dropout.

Through the above mentioned review on the relevant policy documents, analysis of the data, SA and household questionnaire interviews, the conclusions could be drown as the following:- The EM related policies and the supports from the relevant government line agencies not only

guaranteed equal participation and getting benefits of EM groups in this project areas, but also have them enjoy quite some other preferential policies so as to provide a favorable policy environment to the implementation of EMDP of the project.

- The residence of EM groups in the 4 project counties/city of Xinjiang presented a feature of multiple ethnic groups mixed residence. In a project village, there are often 2 – 3 EM groups’

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residence, besides Han ethnic. They live harmoniously among each other, but also keep own ethnic cultural characteristics. In the concerned villages of Liaoning, the Mongolian have almost nothing different from Han residents in production mode and farming, but they still keep some ethnic cultural features. The villages surveyed have the representativeness to the project areas in terms of EM composition, proportion of households, residential features, etc.

- There are certain degree of differences in water infrastructure and land condition among the sub-villages in the project area of the survey villages (it means that only part of the arable land in some project was included into the project, which was limited by the technical and/or financial factors), some sub-villages are quite poor the irrigation and land conditions. The difference in development factors among the farm households are also quite obvious, besides the Five Guaranteed Households, etc. who have no labor capacity, there are a certain proportion of households in the survey villages being comparatively poor because of lack arable land and/or labor, no income besides crop production, etc.

- There is obvious seasonality in agricultural and non-farm production or wage income, labor use of the farm households and the drought and irrigation water use, etc. in the project areas.

Based on the above illustrated findings and conclusions of EM SA, the following recommendations could be proposed for the project planning, designing, implementation and management:- Within the project area of the village, the differences among the sub-villages in existing

irrigation and other production conditions should be paid attentions to, more concerns with the situation and causes of the poorer sub-villages, and try to give them support as more as possible within the allowed scope technically and financially.

- The project needs to cover whole project village, to have those sub-villages who had not been included into the project area due to reasons of technique, etc. could also participate in, and get benefit from, the other activities than the condition improvement of irrigation and land, etc. e.g. agro-machinery services, technical training, farmers’ cooperative organization development, etc. try to gain the support of all sub-villages and villagers to the project as much as possible.

- For the arrangement of the activities that need villagers to rise fund and input labor, or have subsidies, e.g. for purchasing organic fertilizer, the difficulties and demand of the comparatively poor, e.g. possibly lack of labor, fund, etc. need to be considered, to ensure their participation and getting benefit.

- For timing of the activities needing villagers’ labor inputs, the seasonality of the livelihoods and labor demand of the households needs to be taken into account, to avoid the conflict to their activities of production and income generation.

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3 The summarization of EM Community Consultation results

As presented in the Introduction, the EM CCs were conducted through the workshops participated by the representatives of various villager categories. After the presentation of the results from the participatory interview of the village leaders, the plenary discussions were held directly without splitting into group discussions in the survey villages of Liaoning because all of the representative speak Han Chinese. While in the villages of Xinjiang, the representatives were divided into groups with different ethnic languages and gender, to discuss and analyze the current situations, problems, causes and countermeasures in irrigation water use and agricultural production. Then the group discussion results were presented in plenary, and reach consensus on “the desires of community” through consultation. After that PMO staff introduced the project activities designed for the village, followed by the comparison with the community desires, and the discussion to reach agreement. Finally, make impact assessment of the activities, and analyze the possible problems or adverse impacts and the countermeasures. The afterward household interview with questionnaire has also the function of CC. The process and results of CC in the 12 survey villages were summarized in Table 3.1.Table 3.1 The summarization of CC process and results in the 12 survey villages

0 County1 Village2 Date Participants3 Consultation contents Results

LN ZhW HBT 25th Apr. Village leaders +

villager R of M,

Mn + Hn

Plenary analyze problems in

irrigation + agric. production,

discuss countermeasures,

compare with project designs +

reach agreement, assess impacts

Agreed on

project activities,

confirmed

positive impacts,

analyzed

possible adverse

ones/ problems +

measures, got

support

LY NMYZ 27th Apr. Village leaders +

villager R of M +

Hn

TShH 27th Apr. Village leaders of

M + Hn

Discuss problems + needs with

leaders, compare with project

designs

XJ FK XQ 8th May Village leaders +

villager R of K +

Hn

K, women + Hn language 3

groups analyze problems +

needs, plenary presentation,

compare with project design +

reach agreement, assess impacts

Agreed on

project activities,

confirmed

positive impacts,

analyzed

possible adverse

ones/ problems +

measures, got

supports from

every ethnic

groups + women

JQ 14th

May

Village leaders +

villager R of H +

Hn

Women + men 2 groups analyze

problems + needs, plenary

presentation, compare with

project design + reach

agreement, assess impacts

QT XKEZ 15th

May

Village leaders +

villager R of U, H

+ Hn

U, women + Hn language 3

groups analyze problems +

needs, plenary presentation,

compare with project design +

reach agreement, assess impacts

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BH HEEG 16th

May

Village leaders +

villager R of U,

M, H + Hn

U, M, women + Hn language 4

groups analyze problems +

needs, plenary presentation,

compare with project design +

reach agreement, assess impacts

Agreed on

project activities,

confirmed

positive impacts,

analyzed

possible adverse

ones/ problems +

measures, got

supports from

every ethnic

groups + women

CKNE 16th

May

Village leaders +

villager R of U,

M, H + Hn

WTGL 10th

May

Village leaders +

villager R of U,

H+Hn

U, women + Hn language 3

groups analyze problems +

needs, plenary presentation,

compare with project design +

reach agreement, assess impactsYQ XJH 17th

May

Village leaders +

villager R of U,

H+Hn

BDQ 11th

May

Village leaders +

villager R of U,

H+Hn

BEH 16th

May

Village leaders +

villager R of M, U

+ Hn

U, M, women + Hn language 4

groups analyze problems +

needs, plenary presentation,

compare with project design +

reach agreement, assess impacts

(0: LN – Liaoning, XJ - Xinjiang1: ZhW – Zhangwu, LY – Lingyuan; FK – Fukang, QT – Qitai, BH – Bohu, YQ – Yanqi2: HBT – Hebutu, NMYZ – Naimanyingzi, TShH – Tianshenghao; XQ – Xiaoquan,JQ – Jianquan, XKEZ – Xikan’erzi, HEEG – Ha’er’angen, CKNE – Caikannuo’er,WTGL – Wutingguoleng, XJH – Xinjuhu, BDQ – Beidaqu, BEH – Bao’erhai3: U – Uygur, K – Kazak, M – Mongolian, H – Hui, Mn – Man, Hn – Han; R – representatives)

Through EM CC as well as household questionnaire interviews, the conclusions could be drown as the following:- During the community consultation in the survey villages, the representatives of various

groups, esp. the EM and women thoroughly reflected and analyzed “the problems in irrigation water use and agricultural production of the community and households, and the causes” (see Chapter 4 for the comprehensive analysis results), and reached the consensus on the countermeasures they expect the project to support.

- By comparing with local desires reflected in the workshops and questionnaires, it could be concluded that the activities designed by the project, etc. irrigation infrastructures, works on field, field roads, construction or rehabilitation of windbreak belts, agro-machinery, technical extension, farmers’ cooperative organization development, etc. basically met local situaions and requirements. For a few differences, agreement was reached upon with the communities through consultation. However, there are lack of the concrete institutional arrangement made for the effective management of irrigation facilities and agro-machinery.

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The results of assessment by the workshop participants and questionnaire interviewees proved that the implementation of the project will not only greatly improve the irrigation and the other production conditions of the communities and farm households, and increase the agricultural productivity and income, but also promote effectively the equal participation of the communities with poorer conditions, the comparatively poor, esp. EM groups and women, and getting benefits, which include:- Increase crop yield and reduce the yearly fluctuation; increase the growth of cash crops and

the income.- Narrow the gaps in production conditions among the sub-villages within the project area, to

have those with poorer conditions as well the poor relying mainly on crop production benefited comparatively more.

- Reduce labor strength (of the aged and women), save and liberate labors to engage more in not on-field production and employment, to increase income.

- Improve the soil and fertility; reduce pollution and improve environment.- Have irrigation infrastructure, farmers’ water use and other agro-machinery supported by the

project managed effectively, and deliver services sustainably.- Increase farmers’ technical qualification and degrees of self-management and cooperative

organization.

However, if the social factors and management issues were not taken into account by the project in the organizational and institutional development, some problems or adverse impacts would occur or be brought about:- If the participatory approach to project planning, implementation, supervision and

management by the communities and farmers was not applied, those quality problems and lessons of “paying attentions to construction but neglecting management” in the implementation of previous projects would repeat again so that the engineering works would not meet the quality requirement, and the infrastructures and machinery supported by the project not be used sustainably.

- If the awareness of local government, relevant line agencies and project staffs on social equity, pro-poor, gender, etc. was not rised or strengthened, the difficulties and demand of the poorer sub-villages, the poor, women and the aged within the project area of the villages would be possibly not taken into full account, and the roles of the project to strengthen the social equity not played.

- If there were no advice and training on the establishment and development of farmers’ cooperative organizations, the WUAs and agro-machinery cooperatives established or improved by he project would be difficult to operate sustainably.

- If the extension and training on farmers’ organization development and agro-techniques had no EM languages applied and the corresponding materials used, the EM villagers’ participation and getting benefit would be hindered.

- In the project villages where the existing wells had been sold and the facilities contracted to the individuals, if the relationship of the interests between WUA or sub-village and the well owners for the project supported auxiliary facilities such as dripping irrigation, the public welfare of the facilities, the services delivery to farm households and their use, maintenance and management would be adversely affected.

15

- If the mechanism to solve the problems and appeals of the farmers, and mediate the conflicts could not be established or improved, the project implementation would be adversely affected, and the harmony and stability of a few village/sub-villages be affected.

Through the careful plan, design and implementation of the countermeasures identified in CC and reflected in the questionnaires, e.g. promotion of villagers’ participation, exertion of democratic rights, provision of relevant advices and training, organizational development, etc., such problems or possible adverse impacts could be resolved.

Based on the above illustrated results of EM CC and questionnaire interviews, the following recommendations could be proposed for the project planning, designing, implementation and management:- Those difficulties, problems and appeals reflected by the communities and villagers, which

could not be met or resolved by the project because of its composition limit, e.g. the ones of Kazak herders for pastoral development, not so rational price of water charge in a few village, not enough allocation of irrigation water from the upper reaches unit, not enough quota of electricity for irrigation, lack of sunning ground, poor road condition of the residence, lack of drinking water, etc. need to be resolved as far as possible by local government to coordinate the supports from other line agencies or projects, in order to protect the villagers’ enthusiasm of participation showed in SA and CC in those survey villages.

- The project apply explicitly the Participatory approach to planning, management and organizational development, to have the communities and villagers change from “being asked to do” to “doing with own initiatives”, through participation in the whole process, and become the masters of the project, to bear the responsibilities of project planning and management, realize self-service and management, through the establishment or improvement and operation of WUA, agro-machinery cooperatives, etc., and have the infrastructures and facilities, machinery maintained effectively and deliver services sustainably.

- Provide relevant training and debriefing of project information to the responsible leaders of local government and relevant line agencies, to set up an enabling environment for the project to apply the participatory planning, implementation and management, and play furthest the possible roles of the project in the innovation of social administration and strengthening social equity.

- Based on the experiences thoroughly summarized from the existing WUA and specialized farmers’ cooperative in some project areas, strengthen the advice and training on the establishment and development of farmers’ cooperative organizations. Through the pilot and demonstration and dissemination of the experiences, to ensure the WUA and agro-cooperatives established or improved with the project support operating sustainably.

- In extension and training of cooperative organization development and agricultural technology, pay attentions to the use of EM languages and the written materials, and women’s requirement, to ensure the EM villagers and women’s participation and getting benefit.

- In the project villages where the privates owned or contracted the existing wells and the project will equip the dripping irrigation facilities, both the continuity of previous policies and social equity should be taken into account. The property right of the facilities should be clearly defined. Facilitated by PMO and township government staffs, the village/sub-villages

16

or WUA and the water user households concerned sit together with the well owner/contractor, to consult upon and work out the proper scheme of the management, maintenance, service delivery and use. In the arrangement of charging, depreciation, etc. the public welfare of irrigation facilities supported by the project should be considered, gaining profit should not be the aim.

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4 The Ethnic Minority Development Plan (EMDP) of IMAD Project4.1 The casual diagram of “the analyses of the problems in irrigation water use and

agricultural production, the causes and impacts”Through synthesizing the results of CC in 12 survey villages, the contents related to the project activities could be summarized into a casual diagram of “the analyses of the problems in irrigation water use and agricultural production, the causes and impacts” (see Figure 4.1, within it the arrows show the relation of cause and effect, the ligatures show paralle), The core problem (within the red color box) could be summarized as “the demand of rural communities and farmers, esp. the EM, women and village/sub-villages poorer in conditions for irrigation water use, improvement of other agricultural production conditions, and the services of, and training on, agro-techniques and cooperative organization development could not be satisfied with”. The direct causes (within the bold black box) could be concluded as “poor condition of irrigation infrastructure”, “poor in other production conditions” and “lack of training on, and services of agro-technology and organizational development”.

Within “the causes of the causes” or “indirect causes”, there are 2 unsurmountable natural factor or change trend including:- Drought with few rain: It was shown mainly as spring drought in Liaoning, often prevent the

crops from timely sowing, and summer one, the water table of motor-pumping wells descended with no enough water yield. In the project area in Xinjiang, drought run through the year around, and agriculture depends totally on irrigation; and

- In the project counties of south Xinjiang, because the water table of Kaiduhe River descended, winter irrigation could not been made timely while no water at all in spring, resulting in high cost of land preparation, difficulty in irrigation of wheat, being even more difficult in the villages located at the tail of the diversion canal.

The causes for “poor condition of irrigation infrastructure” include:- Due to “rural communities and farm households lack of fund”, “there is a serious deficit of

irrigation infrastructure, esp. the sub-villages with poorer condition, a few of them even have majority arable land no wells for irrigation at all”, “the existing facilities of motor-pumping wells or stations from river or canal out of repair for years, often aged or damaged”, “no supporting facilities, the aboveground ones backward and strenuous, not suitable to the trend of agricultural labors’ aging and feminization ”, and “lack of water saving and high effective facilities, e.g. dripping irrigation, and difficult to enlarge the sown area of cash crops, and develop the commercialized agricultural production”.

- Due to “lack of fund” plus “lack of the mechanism for communities’ participation in project planning, implementation, supervision and management and proper arrangement of property right”, “the canal and ditches being mostly the earth ones, out of repair for years, serious seeping and silting up, too many weeds, low rate of water use, long time of irrigation cycle, even less water at the tails”, “no enough supporting buildings, e.g. bridge, culverts, check gates, etc., or aged, out of repair for years”, and “(in Xinjiang) in the villages with high underground table, there are no enough drainages or silt up seriously, causing serious salinization, esp. on the lowland, low crop yields and hindering the adjustment of cropping pattern to grow more cash crop”.

18

Figure 4.1 Casual diagrams of “problems analysis of irrigation water use and agricultural production, the causes and impacts in IMAD project areas”-- 10 – 2012年)

19

现有设施年久失修往往老化或损坏

配套不完善，地上设施落后、费力（老人、妇女）

井深不够，原有设备不适应，甚至不能用；抽水成本增加，甚至不划算

水利设施严重不足，特别是条件更差的村组

干旱少雨（辽宁春、夏旱，新疆整个生长季）

一些项目村因周边开发、打机井和长期提灌，地下水位严重下降

农村社区和农户缺少资金

缺少滴灌等节水高效设施地下水位高的村排渠不足或淤塞严重，土地盐碱化严重

南疆河水位下降，影响冬春灌，引水渠下游的村更困难

建筑物不配套，缺少桥涵闸或老化，年久失修重，水利用率低，灌溉周期长

多土渠，年久失修渗漏和淤塞严重，水利用率低，灌溉周期长，渠尾水更少

地上设施损坏或丢失，影响有效使用，甚至根本没能启用

过去一些项目支持的水利设施建设质量差，重建设、轻管理

新疆村林网不全或老化

缺少社区参与项目规划和实施、监督、管理的机制及适当的产权安排

用有机肥少，盲目依赖化肥，土壤板结，成本高，地力差

土地不平，漫灌方式落后，费水费时；新疆更砂石多、土层薄，影响出苗和产量

滴灌缺少统一管理，作物种植不够统一，缺资金，设施无人管

田间缺少机耕路或现有路况差

水利设施条

新疆耕地农膜残留严重，影响产量，污染环境

项目区农村社区和群众、特别是少数民族、妇女和条件更差的村组在灌溉用水和改善其它农业生产条件及农业技术与合作组织发育培训、服务等方面的需求没有得到满足。

缺少组建用水户协会的经验；现有协会往往管理不完善

缺少对项目资助机械进行有效管理和提供服务的合作组织经验

技术与组织发育培训/ 服 务欠缺

少数民族和妇女难于参与项目和

其它生产条

技术培训、服务不足，缺少对妇女的、及少数民族文字材料，缺少新技术、新品种、病虫害防治

农机种类和数量不能满足需求

农业生产与居住环境不断恶化

粮食作物产量低，收入种植结构难调整，非农经营难发展，增收村组间生产条件与发展差距难缩相对贫困的农户生活水平难

项目支持的设施不能正常、持续利用现有农民合作组织难以持续运作农民技术水平和社区自主管理与发展能力

- Due to “lack of mechanism of community participation and proper arrangement of property right”, “the water facilities, e.g. dripping irrigation, seepage prevention canal/ditches supported by some previous projects had low quality in engineering works, and ‘paying attention to the construction but neglecting management’”, causing “the aboveground facilities damaged or stolen, couldn’t be used effectively, or even had never been used”, “dripping irrigation lack of unified management, the cropping neither unified, no people arranged specially to manage the facilities, because of lacking fund to pay”.

- “In some project villages, the underground water table seriously descended because the land reclamation and well drilling in surrounding areas, and long-term pumping ”, causing “the wells became not deep enough, existing facilities not suitable, water yield reduced, or even can’t be used anymore; pumping cost increased, even became not cost-effective at all”.

The causes of “poor in other production conditions” include:- Generally, the arable land uneven in the survey villages, the flooding irrigation backward,

waste water and time; even commonly stonier and sandier in Xinjiang with shallow soil layer, low rate of crop germinate, affected the yield.

- Fewer animals reared, less use of straw, stalk and farm manure, cropping relies on chemical fertilizer not scientifically but blindly, causing soil crust and high cost; majority land infertile.

- Serious residuals of mulching film in survey villages of Xinjiang, adversely affecting crop yield and polluting environment.

- Lack of field roads or the condition poor: Majority the earth one, poor condition of bridge and culverts, made the farmers difficult to access to the field.

- The windbreak belt not complete or aged in most of the survey villages of Xinjiang, aggravated the harms of drought and wind.

- Agro-machinery aged, not enough species and amount, e.g. the one to collect mulching film residuals.

The causes of “lack of training on and services of agro-technology and organizational development” include:- Quite serious pest and disease, couldn’t get effective control, esp. for greenhouse vegetable

production in Liaoning, and newly developed cash crops for recent years in Xinjiang; existing chemical pollution, few facilities and areas of biological control.

- No enough technical extension, training and services, esp. for women, and lack of written material in EM languages, and the new techniques and varieties of high yielding and efficiency suitable to local situation.

- Majority survey villages lack of experiences to organize WUA; the existing ones in Xinjiang often not so perfect in management, esp. of the dripping irrigation and dealing with he relations with neighbor villages or between the upper and lower reaches.

- Although a few survey villages in Xinjiang have the cooperatives of agricultural production or marketing, commonly lack of the experiences to cooperatively manage the machinery supported by the project and deliver service effectively.

The existing or potential “adverse impacts (within the blue color boxes)” of the “core problem” include:

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- “Low grain crop yield and limited income”, “difficult to adjust cropping pattern, develop non-farm activities and increase income”;

- “Difficult to narrow the gaps of the production condition and the development among the sub-villages”, “hard to increase living level of the comparatively poor”, “difficult for EM and women to participate in and getting benefit from project”;

- “The facilities supported by the project could not be effectively and sustainably used”, “hard for the existing farmers’ cooperatives to operate sustainably”;

- “Low technical level of the farmers, and self-management and development capacity of the communities”, and

- “Continuous exacerbation of the environment of agricultural production and residence”.

4.2 The Logframe of EMDP of the ProjectBased on the casual diagram of “problems analysis of irrigation water use and agricultural production, the causes and impacts in IMAD project areas”, the Logframe of this project’s EMDP (see Table 4.1 on next page) was drafted.

Aiming at solving the “core problem”, the purposes of project phase were suggested as:- The demand of rural communities and farmers, esp. the EM, women and village/sub-villages

poorer has been met basically in terms of the improvement of irrigation water and other agricultural production conditions; and

- Their demand for the services of, and training on, agro-techniques and cooperative organization development met basically.

Aiming at solving the “direct causes” and the underlying cause of “lack of the mechanism for communities’ participation in project planning, implementation, supervision and management and proper arrangement of property right”, “the outputs to reach the purposes” were suggested as:- The irrigation condition has gained improvement basically in project areas, esp. the sub-

villages with poorer condition;- The other production conditions gained improvement basically in project area;- The extension, services and training of agricultural technology and farmers’ cooperative

organization development gained improved and implemented; and- The mechanism for communities’ participation in project planning, implementation,

supervision and management have been established, and proper arrangement of property right made for the project supported facilities.

Aiming at overcoming or avoiding the “adverse impacts”, the long-term goals of the project were suggested as:- The grain crop yield has been increased and stabilized, income increased; cropping pattern

obviously adjusted, non-farm activities such as migration for wage increased obviously, farmers’ income increased constantly;

- The gaps of production conditions and the development among the sub-villages have been narrowed obviously; the comparatively poor raised their living level in certain degree; EM groups and women become able to equally participate in and gain benefit from the project; and the harmony among multiple ethnic groups strengthened;

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Table 4.1 Logframe of IMAD Project’s EMDPObjectives and activities Objectively verifiable

indicators

Verification

methods

Important

assumptions

Long-term goals

- The grain crop yield has been increased and stabilized, income increased; cropping pattern obviously adjusted,

non-farm activities such as migration for wage increased obviously, farmers’ income increased constantly;

- The gaps of production conditions and the development among the sub-villages have been narrowed obviously;

the comparatively poor raised their living level in certain degree; EM groups and women become able to

equally participate in and gain benefit from the project; and the harmony among multiple ethnic groups

strengthened;

- The infrastructures and machinery facilities constructed or purchased with the project’s assistance have gained

continuous operation and playing roles; farmers’ cooperative organization sustainable operation and self-

development;

- Farmers’ technical qualification and communities’ ability of self-management and development have increased

obviously; and

- The environment of agricultural production and farmers’ residence has been improved obviously.

Crop yield, sown area of cash

crops; people number of non-

farm activities, e.g. migration for

wage income; income of HH;

Gaps among sub-villages in

condition; income of the poor;

satisfactory degree of EM groups

and women

Facilities’ operation’s perfectness

WUA + cooperative operation,

satisfactory degree of farmers;

Self-assessment, satisfactory

degree of farmers

satisfactory degree of farmers

Village

statistics/

Questionnaires

M&E

workshop /

Questionnaires

M&E workshop

M&E workshop

M&E workshop

National policies

stable;

Government at

various level

acknowledge

social equity and

participatory

approach, proper

arrangement made;

No irresistible

disaster occur

Purposes of project phase

- The demand of rural communities and farmers, esp. the EM, women and village/sub-villages poorer has been

met basically in terms of the improvement of irrigation water and other agricultural production conditions; and

- Their demand for the services of, and training on, agro-techniques and cooperative organization development

met basically.

Satisfactory degree of irrigation

and other production conditions

Satisfactory degree of technical +

management training + services

M&E workshop

M&E workshop

Government at

various level

acknowledge

social equity and

participatory

approach, proper

22

arrangement made

Outputs to reach the purposes

1. The irrigation condition has gained improvement basically in project areas, esp. the sub-villages with poorer

condition;

2. The other production conditions gained improvement basically in project area;

3. The extension, services and training of agricultural technology and farmers’ cooperative organization

development gained improved and implemented; and

4. Mechanism for communities’ participation in project planning, implementation, supervision and management

have been established, and proper arrangement of property right made for the project supported facilities.

Satisfactory degree of irrigation

facility

Of other production conditions

Of technical and management

training and service

Degree of own participation;

satisfactory degree of

participation mechanism and

irrigation/agro-machinery service

M&E workshop

M&E workshop

M&E workshop

Questionnaires/

M&E workshop

Government at

various level

acknowledge

social equity and

participatory

approach, proper

arrangement made

Fund allocated

timely

Project activities to gain the outputs

1.1 Restore, replace and complete, with supporting facilities, the irrigation infrastructures of motor-pumping wells,

etc., add high effective water saving facilities, e.g. dripping irrigation, pay particular attention to the

requirement of the sub-villages with poorer condition;

1.2 Seepage prevention, desilting or new construction of canal/ditch, restore or complete supporting facilities along

the system; restore, desilting or new construct drainages in the villages with high underground water table.

2.1 Level land and change the mode of flooding irrigation;

2.2 Add the agro-machinery and equipment of returning straw/stalks to field, mulching film residual collection,

subsoiling, insecticidal lumps, etc.

2.3 Restore, replace or newly construct the field roads and associated bridges, culverts, etc.

2.4 Supplement, renew or newly construct windbreak belt net.

3.1 Conduct training, extension and services for water saving irrigation, pest control, formulated fertilization,

adjustment of cropping pattern and the other new technology and varieties with high yield and efficiency and

new income generation activities that suitable to local situations, paying particular attentions to the use of EM

languages and written materials;

Inputs and costs

Specialists’ consulting, training and service; training

and written materials

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3.2 Summarize the experiences and lessons of local existing WUAs and other specialized farmers’ cooperative,

apply the participatory approach to improve and newly develop WUAs and the cooperatives of agro-machinery

supported by the project;

3.3 Support farmers, esp. women to participate in the trials and demonstration of the new techniques, varieties and

cooperative development, organize their leaders for study tour to learn the advance experiences from others.

4.1 WUAs participate entirely in the project planning, designing, implementation, quality supervision, acceptance

checking and the management, O&M after the completion;

4.2 After the formation of efficient institutional regulations and operation mechanism and under the support or

coordination of upper level line agency and VC, WUA accepts the property right of the project supported wells,

dripping irrigation facilities, secondary canals and supporting buildings, conduct irrigation and drainage

management, coordinate conflicts in water use, not unified cropping pattern, etc., organize desilting,

maintenance and management of the facilities; properly deal with the relations with the contractors of existing

facilities involved such as motor-pumping wells;

4.3 Under the support of VC and local government, WUAs timely reflect the problems and needs of farmers in

irrigation water use to, and supervise and urge the responses from, the relevant line agencies, participate in the

coordination and dialog among the units concerned in upper and lower reaches, and villages/sub-villages;

4.4 After the formation of efficient institutional regulations and operation mechanism, the agro-machinery

cooperatives/machinery line agency at grassroots level accept the property right of the project supported agro-

machinery and facilities (the one of dripping irrigation facility could be accepted by WUA), deliver non-profit

services to the villagers with the breaking even mode (taking into account of the management, maintenance,

depreciation);

4.5 According to the newly amended “VC organization law” and learning from the national and international good

practices, VC further guarantee and improve the villagers, esp. EM groups, women, the comparatively poor

and the sub-villages with poorer conditions exert the rights of being informed, participation, expression and

consultation, making decision, management, supervision, etc. and the mechanism, to conduct participatory

Participatory farmers’ cooperative organization

specialist’s consulting and training; initiation fund for

WUAs and cooperatives

Trials, demonstration, site visits; study tour

Specialist consulting; PMO staff work; professional

and management training

Registration of property right, cost of notarization

Fieldwork of PMO staffs; meeting costs

Community development consultant, PMO staff work

Community development consultant; PMO staff

fieldwork; participatory activities in villages

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planning, implementation, management and M&E of the project; and set up the mechanism to reflect and

mediate the opinions and grievances;

4.6 Debrief project information to relevant responsible leaders and staffs, and provide trainings on Participatory

project planning and management, social equity, gender, etc. to set up an enabling environment for the project

to apply participatory approach and farmer cooperative organization development; and provide services,

guidance and external supervision.

Specialists’ consulting and training; meetings and

materials

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- The infrastructures and machinery facilities constructed or purchased with the project’s assistance have gained continuous operation and playing roles; farmers’ cooperative organization sustainable operation and self-development;

- Farmers’ technical qualification and communities’ ability of self-management and development have increased obviously; and

- The environment of agricultural production and farmers’ residence has been improved obviously.

Based on the consensus agreed upon in CC, the project activities to gain each output were suggested concretely.

In the aspect of “irrigation infrastructure improvement”, the activities include:1.1 Restore, replace and complete, with supporting facilities, the irrigation infrastructures of

motor-pumping wells, etc., add high effective water saving facilities, e.g. dripping irrigation, pay particular attention to the requirement of the sub-villages with poorer condition;

1.2 Seepage prevention, desilting or new construction of the canal/ditches, restore or complete supporting

facilities along the system; restore, desilting or new construct drainages in the villages with high underground

water table.

In the aspect of “improvement of other production conditions”, the activities include:2.1 Level land and change the mode of flooding irrigation;2.2 Add the agro-machinery and equipment of returning straw/stalks to field, mulching film

residual collection, subsoiling, insecticidal lumps, etc.2.3 Restore, replace or newly construct the field roads and associated bridges, culverts, etc.2.4 Supplement, renew or newly construct windbreak belt net.

In the aspect of “improvement and implementation of extension, services and training of agricultural technology and farmers’ cooperative organization development”, the activities include:3.1 Conduct training, extension and services for water saving irrigation, pest control, formulated

fertilization, adjustment of cropping pattern and the other new technology and varieties with high yield and efficiency and new income generation activities that suitable to local situations, paying particular attentions to the use of EM languages and written materials;

3.2 Summarize the experiences and lessons of local existing WUAs and other specialized farmers’ cooperative, apply the participatory approach to improve and newly develop WUAs and the cooperatives of agro-machinery supported by the project;

3.3 Support farmers, esp. women to participate in the trials and demonstration of the new techniques, varieties and cooperative development, organize their leaders for field trip to learn the advance experiences from others.

In the aspect of “establishment of the mechanism for communities’ participation and setting up proper arrangement of property right for project supported facilities”, the activities include:4.1 WUAs participate entirely in the project planning, designing, implementation, quality

supervision, acceptance checking and the management, O&M after the completion;

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4.2 After the formation of efficient institutional regulations and operation mechanism and under the support or coordination of upper level line agency and VC, WUA accepts the property right of the project supported wells, dripping irrigation facilities, secondary canals and supporting buildings, conduct irrigation and drainage management, coordinate conflicts in water use, not unified cropping pattern, etc., organize desilting, maintenance and management of the facilities; properly deal with the relations with the contractors of existing facilities involved such as motor-pumping wells;

4.3 Under the support of VC and local government, WUAs timely reflect the problems and needs of farmers in irrigation water use to, and supervise and urge the responses from, the relevant line agencies, participate in the coordination and dialog among the units concerned in upper and lower reaches, and vilages/sub-villages;

4.4 After the formation of efficient institutional regulations and operation mechanism, the agro-machinery cooperatives/machinery line agency at grassroots level accept the property right of the project supported agro-machinery and facilities (the one of dripping irrigation facility could be accepted by WUA), deliver non-profit services to the villagers with the breaking even mode (taking into account of the management, maintenance, depreciation);

4.5 According to the newly amended “VC organization law” and learning from the national and international good practices, VC further guarantee and improve the villagers, esp. EM groups, women, the comparatively poor and the sub-villages with poorer conditions exert the rights of being informed, participation, expression and consultation, making decision, management, supervision, etc. and the mechanism, to conduct participatory planning, implementation, management and M&E of the project; and set up the mechanism to reflect and mediate the opinions and grievances;

4.6 Debrief project information to relevant responsible leaders and staffs, and provide trainings on Participatory project planning and management, social equity, gender, etc. to set up an enabling environment for the project to apply participatory approach and farmer cooperative organization development; and provide services, guidance and external supervision.

27

5 The framework for ensuring extensive consultation and informed participation of local EM groups during project implementation

According to the results of EM SA and CC, the framework to ensure the extensive consultation and informed participation of local EM groups during project implementation could consist of the organizational structure, bylaw and regulations, and rules of consultation.

In the aspect of organizational structure, the relevant articles of VC Organization Law amended by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress in Oct. 2010 need to be implemented, and learn from the national and international good practices in the institutional development for rural development, including:- Strengthen the roles of Villagers’ Representative Assembly (VRA): There are often quite a lot

of households in the project villages. It is usually not feasible to hold the All Villagers’ Convention (AVC) to consult upon on the specific affaires. If it could be convened, it would be difficult to reach the consensus. Therefore, VRA could be delegated as the representatives of various EM groups, gender, households and sub-villages to discuss and consult upon the project plan and management, form the draft and submit it to AVC or each sub-village to discuss, revise and approve it by voting.

- Strengthen the representativeness of VRA: Increase the number of VRs, to have it reach the ratio of 1:5 – 15 households stipulated by the Law. The quota of VRs are allocated to each sub-village, among whom women should occupy at least 1/3. The number of VRs of each EM group and the poor should be in proportion with their number of households, and the EM with few households should also have the quota. It is better to have the VRs of EM groups, women and the poor elected by themselves respectively.

- When the regular election of VC is held, attention should be paid to the stipulation of the Law to ensure each EM group including the one with few population have their members to be elected.

- In the villages without supervision institute established, the Village Affair Supervision Committee (VASC) should be elected either by VRA or AVC. The composition should also refer to VC, having members from every EM, and the member should not be the one of VC or their relatives as the Law stipulated.

- The representative composition, election methods and the composition of the executives and supervision member of WUA and agro-machinery cooperative could refer to the ones above mentioned, could conduct their activities under the support of VC.

- For the project area crossing administrative villages and even townships, the federation of WUAs needs to be established under the support of relevant line agencies and ownship government, to discuss, coordinate, arrange or deal with, resolve the irrigation related affairs or conflicts.

In the aspect of bylaw/regulations and consultation rules:- The articles should be formulated in the bylaw and regulations for project management at

village level, WUA and the cooperative, to ensure the above mentioned representative proportion of the sub-villages with poorer condition, EM groups, women and the poor.

- The rules and procedures need to be formulated for the discussion and consultation of VRA.

28

For examples, it is necessary to the VRs of EM, women, the poor and the others split to have own group discussions, and ensure the use of EM languages and writing. In the plenary, the voices of the marginalized should be protected, and listened to and considered carefully. It should be tried to reach consensus through democratic deliberation but not voting with the majority rule so as to ensure each EM group, women and the poor exert their democratic rights of being informed, participation, expression, making decision, supervision, etc., equally get benefit, and participate in the whole process of project planning, implementation, management, M&E and the development of WUA and the cooperatives.

The above mentioned organizational structures and consultation rules, e.g. increasing VRA’s representatives and strengthening its roles of consultation, formulation of schemes for AVC to decide, etc. had been agreed by majority interviewees (73, accounting 75.3% of the questionnaires that answered the question).

In addition, according to the cultural features of EM groups in the project villages, attentions should be paid to the roles of EM seniors and religious persons in the consultation and implementation of the community management and development affairs.

The concrete implementation frameworks of Xinjiang and Liaoning for EM groups to participate in the project are shown as the following (Table 5.1 – 5.2):

29

Table 5.1 The implementation framework of Xinjiang for EM groups to participate in the project

Time Activities Responsible institute

Participant Related requirements Monitoring method

From now on -- /10-12/2013

Edit guideline for LN IMAD project implementation + other relevant document to deliver to HHs

Regional, prefecture, county/city PMOs; consulting agency

Responsible persons of region + county PMO; consultants

Easy to understand + localized Contents complete Easy to carry, resist attrition +

broken Deliver to HHs timely

Regional PMO conduct monitoring on progress of project activity accomplished by counties

In beginning of project implementation

Set up Project Management Groups (PMG) in villages

County/city PMO Villagers representatives

Through consultation + election Ensure every EM have

representatives Ensure women occupy 1/3 + more

Improve or organize various cooperative organizations based on village situation + HHs’ willingness

County/city PMO All participating HHs Genuinely apply Participatory approach to organization development, pay attention to EM + women’s needs

Voluntarily or consultative agreed organization

Elect leaders by each organization

Do ditto

Formulate agreement of rights + responsibilities and operation procedures/ regulations for village management groups

County/city PMO Members of PMG + heads of sub-villages at village level; members of village PMGs and township group

The agreement + regulation should be standardized + workable

Clear rights + responsibilities Discussed + approved by

participating HHs Publicized with written form

Do ditto

30

Time Activities Responsible institute

Participant Related requirements Monitoring method

Examine + approve development planning of EM HHs + communities

County/city PMO s, village PMGs

All participating HHs Carefully hearing the rationales of village and HHs

Cleary explain why to revise the plan

Do ditto

During the project implementation

Arrange + disburse funds based on implementation plan of the EM project villages

County/city PMO Responsible staff of various PMOs

Examine, verify + reimburse according to the fund guarantee procedures

Do ditto

Gradually conduct raining to support project implementation in EM villages

County/city PMO All participating HHs of EM villages

Invite township staff familiar with concerned professions as trainersNon-profit oriented15 – 30 participants for one

trainingSeparate training for EM groups

when neededDemonstrate on the spotEncourage raising questions Pay attention to gender and ages

Do ditto

Participatory project implementation + monitoring in EM villages

Zhangwu + Lingyuan PMOs

Village Whole-course supervising quality of construction material and engineering works

Do ditto

Once every 2 years after project

Middle term supervision in EM village

PMOs + SA insti

PMO staff, SA expert, village PMGs,

Independent research institute decided by WB + province PMO Do ditto

31

Time Activities Responsible institute

Participant Related requirements Monitoring method

launched tute HHs’ participants

Table 5.2 The implementation framework of Liaoning for EM groups to participate in the project

Time Activities Responsible institute

Participant Related requirements Monitoring method

From now on -- /10-12/2013

Edit guideline for LN IMAD project implementation + other relevant document to deliver to HHs

Province, Zhangwu + Lingyuan PMOs

Responsible persons of province + county PMO

Easy to understand + localized Contents complete Easy to carry, resist attrition +

broken Deliver to HHs timely

Province PMO conduct monitoring on progress of project activity accomplished by counties01-02/2014

Set up Project Management Groups (PMG) in Naimanyingzi + Hebutu Villages

Zhangwu + Lingyuan PMOs

All HHs listed in the participant list

Through consultation + election Ensure every EM have

representatives Ensure women occupy 1/3 + more

Make development planning of EM HHs + communities; organize various cooperative organizations based on village situation + HHs’ willingness

Zhangwu + Lingyuan PMOs

All participating HHs Genuinely apply Participatory approach to planning + organization development, pay attention to EM + women’s needs

Voluntarily or consultative agreed organization

Province PMO conduct monitoring on progress of project activity accomplished

32

Time Activities Responsible institute

Participant Related requirements Monitoring method

Elect leaders by each organizationSet up township coordination + advice group, consisting of members from every ethnic group, for ethnic groups’ participation

Zhangwu + Lingyuan PMOs

Representatives of village PMGs

Villages’ representatives occupy 3/5 + more, with every ethnic groups + women

Township main leaders responsible for the project, being better the experienced EM leader

Do ditto

01-02/2014Formulate agreement of rights + responsibilities and operation procedures/regulations for village + township management/coordination groups

Zhangwu + Lingyuan PMOs

Members of PMG + heads of sub-villages at village level; members of village PMGs and township group

The agreement + regulation should be standardized + workable

Clear rights + responsibilities Discussed + approved by

participating HHs Publicized with written form

Do ditto

Examine + approve development planning of EM HHs + communities

Zhangwu + Lingyuan PMOs, village PMGs

All participating HHs Carefully hearing the rationales of village and HHs

Clearly explain why to revise the plan

Do ditto

Arrange + disburse funds based on implementation plan of the EM project villages

Zhangwu + Lingyuan PMOs

Responsible staff of various PMOs

Examine, verify + reimburse according to the fund guarantee procedures

Do ditto

Invite township staff familiar with

33

Time Activities Responsible institute

Participant Related requirements Monitoring method

03-12/2014 Gradually conduct raining to support project implementation in EM villages

Zhangwu + Lingyuan PMOs

All participating HHs of EM villages

concerned professions as trainersNon-profit oriented15 – 30 participants for one trainingSeparate training for EM groups

when neededDemonstrate on the spotEncourage raising questions Pay attention to gender and ages

Do ditto

Participatory project implementation + monitoring in EM villages

Zhangwu + Lingyuan PMOs

Village Whole-course supervising quality of construction material and engineering works

Do ditto

Once every 2 years after project launched

Middle term supervision in EM village

PMOs + SA institute

PMO staff, SA expert, village PMGs, HHs’ participants

Independent research institute decided by WB + province PMO Do ditto

34

6 The action plan of countermeasures to ensure local EM groups to receive social and economic benefits from the project, which are culturally appropriate, and to avoid or mitigate the possible adverse impacts

According to the recommendations drawn from the results of SA and CC, the following action plan is proposed:- Establish the above mentioned “framework to ensure the extensive consultation and informed

participation of local EM groups during project implementation”, formulate the bylaw, regulations and rules of consultation, for implementation;

- Closely relating to the project, formulate the action plans for infrastructure improvement and socio-economic development of the EM communities (see the Annex for the specific activities);

- Strengthen the awareness on social equity of PMO and project townships’ planning and management staffs, through training and workshops, have them master the specific methods of realization and operation, re-exam the designs within the project area of the village and make revision and improvement, if necessary, and coordinate the relations between upper and lower reaches, to meet the requirement of the EM communities with poorer condition or located at the lower reaches or tails of canal for irrigation and other production conditions and water use as much as possible;

- With the participatory approach to project planning and management and the establishment and operation of WUAs and agro-machinery cooperatives, have EM groups fully express their difficulties and needs, and participate in the analyses and making decisions, to have them embody own desires, and the project supported facilities effectively constructed and managed, deliver good services, and continuously operated, in order to have the beneficiaries including EM groups benefited for long time;

- Within technical extension and training, pay attention to the use of EM languages and writing, to ensure their participation and getting benefits;

- This project does not involve IR and land acquisition. A little of land might need be used when canal or ditches are transformed or newly constructed; the land fertility among the households might not be the same, and a little of land area be added in land leveling; which need PMO and township government staffs to support the concerned villages or sub-villages to properly and fairly resolve internally, and guarantee the rights and interests of the ethnic groups involved.

The EM community development action plans related closely to the specific project activities are shown in the Annex 1, 2 and 3.

35

7 The costs estimated for the measures and actions designed in the EMDP, in consideration of combination with the project activities

According to the “Project activities to gain the outputs” within the Section 4.2 of the Logframe of EMDP of IMAD Project, and the project budgets of Xinjiang and Liaoning (see Annexes 1 – 3), the costs could be estimated with the Table 7.1 (however, the person times, person month and estimated costs of the activities for Output 4 should be filled in by PMO).Table 7.1 The costs estimated for the measures and actions designed in the EMDP

Project activities to gain the outputs Inputs Person

month

Costs

(,000 yuan)

The activities “to improve irrigation infrastructure in

project area, esp. the sub-villages with poorer condition”

(see Annex 5 – 7)

8,796.3 (LN，3 villages)

192,370.34 (XJ, 26 villages)

The activities “to improve other production conditions in

project areas” (see Annex 5 – 7)

799.8 (LN, 3 villages)

68,759.52 (XJ, 26 villages)

Conduct training, extension and services for new

technology and varieties, paying particular attentions to

the use of EM languages and written materials

Specialists’ consulting,

training and service;

training and written

materials

247.0 (LN, 3

villages)

20.926.82

(XJ, 26

villages)Summarize the experiences and lessons of local existing

WUAs and other specialized farmers’ cooperative, apply

the participatory approach to improve and newly

develop WUAs and the cooperatives of agro-machinery

supported by the project

Participatory farmers’

cooperative

organization

specialist’s consulting

and training; initiation

fund for WUAs and

cooperatives

Support farmers, esp. women to participate in the trials

and demonstration of the new techniques, varieties and

cooperative development, organize their leaders for

study tour to learn the advance experiences from others

Trials, demonstration,

site visits; study tour

WUAs participate entirely in the project planning,

designing, implementation, quality supervision,

acceptance checking and the management, O&M after

the completion

Specialist consulting;

PMO staff work;

professional and

management training

1.53 XJ 220.8 (XJ)

WUA accepts the property right of the project supported

wells, dripping irrigation facilities, secondary canals and

supporting buildings, conduct irrigation and drainage

management, coordinate conflicts, organize desilting,

maintenance and management of the facilities

Registration of

property right, cost of

notarization

WUAs reflect the problems and needs of farmers to, and

supervise and urge the responses from, the relevant line

Fieldwork of PMO

staffs; meeting costs1.53 XJ

36

agencies, participate in the coordination and dialog

among the units concerned in upper and lower reaches,

and villages/sub-villages

Agro-machinery cooperatives accept the property right

of the project supported agro-machinery and facilities,

and explore the property model and deliver non-profit

services to the villagers

Community

development

consultant, PMO staff

work

1.53 XJ

VC further guarantee and improve the villagers, esp. EM

groups, women exert the democratic rights and the

mechanism, conduct participatory planning,

implementation, management and M&E of the project;

and set up the mechanism to reflect and mediate the

opinions and grievances

Community

development

consultant; PMO staff

fieldwork;

participatory activities

in villages

2.3 XJ

Debrief project information to relevant responsible

leaders and staffs, and provide relevant trainings, to set

up an enabling environment for the project to apply

participatory approach and farmer cooperative

organization development; and provide services,

guidance and external supervision

Specialists’ consulting

and training; meetings

and materials

2.3 XJ

37

8 Mechanism for the project to handle the complaints and opinions expressed by EM communities for project implementation

Make sure the establishment and operation of above mentioned framework of EM groups’ participation and consultation in project implementation, and the implementation of the action plan to ensure EM groups to receive benefits from the project, and to reduce the problems or social risks happening as far as possible.

According to WB’s requirement of opinion and grievance appealing and resolving, and the national and international good practices in this aspect, fully apply the existing petition institution of the government, and establish or improve the mechanism within PMO and relevant line agencies to reflect and resolve the opinion and grievance related to the project.

Strengthen and improve VCs’ leaders’ awareness on EM affairs policies, people work, etc., methods and democratic work style, to have them thoroughly listen to people’s opinions, fairly and properly resolve the problems and mediate the conflict, or reflect to high authority to seek timely responses.

Having the VC member responsible for people's mediation and the members of VASC as the main, organize a village’s institute specialized for hearing and resolving the opinions and grievances related to the project, which conduct its activities under the support of VC.

The mechanism includes concretely:1) Complaints handling instituteThe project will arrange a vice director within the province/autonomous region and county/city PMOs to be in charge of complaints handling, and 1 – 2 staff take the responsibility specialized in it. The project implementing agencies, e.g. the depts. of Water Resource, Agriculture, etc. and the coordination and advice groups of the project townships should also make the similar arrangement. At village level, 1 person each from the village PMG, VC and VASC are organized into a Complaints Handling Group (CHG). The relevant information, e.g. telephone numbers, persons’ names of various levels, etc. should be publicized to the communities and farm households, to accept and handle the inquiring and complaints. The staff to handle complaints in the project counties/city and townships of Xinjiang should include as far as possible the EM cadres of local EM groups, e.g. Uygur, Kazak, Mongolian, etc. and use own EM’s spoken and written languages for conversation and record making, to ensure the accuracy of the information.

When the circumstances matured, the pilots could be selected to trial the participation of social organizations or external monitoring agencies as the third party in channeling and handling or mediation of the complaints or conflicts.

2) Complaints handling proceduresThe first stage: If the villagers or project households in the involved project area have opinions or complaints for the development plan and implementation, they could propose oral or written

38

complaints to the village CHG; if it takes oral form, the group should accept it with written record. The rational demand or suggestions should be handled within 2 weeks after the reception.

The second phase: If the appealer is not satisfactory with the resolution, s/he could appeals the complaints to the county/city PMO. And the PMO should make resolution within 2 weeks after the reception.

The third phase: If still not satisfactory with the result, the appealer could propose complaint to province/regional PMO, or propose the prosecution to civil court according to the Law of Civil Procedure.

The above-mentioned procedures should be informed of to the villagers of the concerned project area through meeting or other forms of dissemination, for them fully understand the right to appeal complaints. Meanwhile, various medias should publicize the information and the opinions and suggestions should be summarized for the government at various levels to make timely analyses and resolution. The complaints handling agency should not charge money.

3) Feedback mechanismFeedback mechanism means an internal monitoring mechanism within PMO to handle complaints. The importance includes:(a) Provision of timely feedback to the people affected by the project reflects the concerns of the

project agencies to the affected families to protect their rational rights and interests, and maintain their enthusiasm of participation;

(b) Provision of timely feedback to the project owners and implementing agencies could points out the problems and shortcomings for them to draw attention and make improvement.

The effective feedback mechanism includes the standardized recording, tracing and regular reporting:- Standardized recording: The contents of recording are the basis to collect, categorize and sort

the information. The records of complaints include; the basic information of the appealer and the complaints, the information of the responsive person, and the examination, etc.

- Tracing: The complaints often involve wide range of affairs, which could not be resolved completely by the CHG. Therefore, the corresponding specialists or agencies need to be delegated to make the response. The delegation involves tracing of complaints handling to ensure the appealers get response within the stipulated period.

- Regular reporting: It is the last step of feedback. Actually, tracing has basically accomplished the feedback to project owners and agencies. However, it is oriented to each complaint specifically. A regular reporting is needed to analyze the overall situation of the complaints happened during a certain period, which includes: the resolution of the complaints not handled in last period, the main problems existed within current period, the resolutions or countermeasures, etc., which could be reflected with an independent report or within the regular internal monitoring report.

39

9 Mechanisms and benchmarks appropriate to the project for M&E and reporting on the implementation of the EMDP

It is suggested to apply the Participatory M&E approach and methodologies. Besides the periodic collection of the quantitative data related to the M&E indicators, have EM communities and farmers, esp. the VRA members or the representatives of WUA and the cooperatives participate in and conduct M&E and Impact Assessment with PRA methods and tools.

According to the results of SA, CC and household questionnaire interviews as well as the project’s EMDP, the following M&E indicators and benchmarks are proposed and listed.Table9.1 M&E indicators and benchmarks for the project’s EMDP

M&E indicators

Benchmarks Key points for

M&ELiaoning

survey villages

North Xinjiang

survey villages

South Xinjiang

survey villages

Satisfactory degree of irrigation

facility

Could not satisfied M&E workshop

Satisfactory degree of surface

water irrigation

- Not so satisfied Not satisfied M&E workshop

Interviewees’ proportion using

dripping irrigation

5% 40% 20.3% Questionnaires

Satisfactory degree of other

production conditions

Could not satisfied M&E workshop

Proportion of cash crops’ sown

area

17.7% 41.6% 66.6% Questionnaires/

Village statistics

Satisfactory degree of EM/

women on training

Not so satisfied M&E workshop

Participation in project planning,

implementation, management +

training, the gender differences

In “problem analysis” 60.7%, “panning” 40.2%,

“supervision construction materials’ + engineering

work’ quality” 22.4%, “acceptance checking” 19.6%,

“technical training” 77.6%, “technical demonstration

+ application” 43.0%; by “wife” 28.0%

Questionnaires

Reflected problems in irrigation

+ farm production can be solved

92.9% Questionnaires

Besides the above indicators gained the baseline data, the ones to verify whether the long-term goals have been realized through M&E are suggested as the following:- Crop yield, sown area of cash crops; people number of non-farm activities, e.g. migration for

wage income; income of the households;- Gaps among sub-villages in irrigation and other production conditions; income of the poor; - Satisfactory degree of EM groups and women for their participation in and getting benefit

from the project;- The perfectness degree of the facilities’ operation supported by the project; WUA and

cooperatives’ operation, satisfactory degree of farmers;

40

- Self-assessment of farmers on own technical qualification, satisfactory degree of farmers for the community’s ability of self-management and development;

- Satisfactory degree of farmers for the environment of residence and agricultural production.

The suggested M&E indicators to verify whether the purposes of project phase have been realized include: the satisfactory degree of the demand for irrigation and other production conditions’ improvement; and the satisfactory degree of technical and management training and services.

The suggested M&E indicators to verify whether the outputs to reach the purposes have been gained include:- Satisfactory degree of the project communities and farmers, esp. EM groups and the sub-

villages with poor conditions for the improvement of irrigation facilities;- Satisfactory degree of the project communities and farmers, esp. EM groups for the

improvement of the other production conditions;- Satisfactory degree of the farmers, esp. EM groups and women for technical and management

training and service; and- Degree of own participation reflected with the questionnaire; satisfactory degree of the

farmers for the participation mechanism and irrigation/agro-machinery service.

The methods of verification include M&E workshop, questionnaire interview and village statistics.

The important assumptions that the project could not control include:- The relevant policies of the nation keep stable;- The government at various level acknowledge the idea of social equity and the participatory

approach, and the institutional arrangement is properly made;- No irresistible natural disaster occur;- And the funds from various sources are allocated timely.

41

Annexes

1 The list of EM (including EM having resided for centuries) community development project activities in the project area of Xinjiang

Fukang Ciy

Township/

rolesActivities Unit No. Time

Invest

(,000

yuan)

Fund raising (,000 yuan)

SourceWB

NationOwn

Shang

hugou/

Improve

irrigation of

village

Bridge 2 2013 63.06 63.06 WB PMO

Culvert 69 2013 263.27 263.27 WB PMO

Check gate 2 2013 17.92 17.92 WB PMO

Water volume

measureSet 6 2013 6.00 6.00 WB PMO

Repair well 6 2013 1282.95 1282.95 WB PMO

Repair well

housem2 180 2013 198.00 198.00 WB PMO

Repair well

deviceSet 6 2013 270.00 270.00 WB PMO

Transformer Set 6 2013 483.00 483.00 WB PMO

Power line Km 0.4 2013 36.00 36.00 WB PMO

Mini dripping Ha 323.7 2013 3731.53 3148.93 582.60 WB PMO

Improve

other

production

conditions

of village

Field road Km 16.4 2013 1498.61 1498.61 WB PMO

Level land Ha 5 2013 50.00 50.00 WB PMO

Balanced

fertilizationHa 580 2013 504.75 348.15 156.60 WB PMO

Straw return

fieldHa 91 2013 109.20 109.20 WB PMO

IPM Ha 580 2013 434.00 434.00 WB PMO

Agro-

machinerySet 19 2013 284.10 284.10 WB PMO

Windbreak belt Ha 19.8 2013 626.37 329.67 296.70 WB PMO

Sunning ground m2 11000 2013 585.72 585.72 WB PMO

Improve

tech + mngt

level +

organization

degree

New variety Ha 132.5 2013 444.60 444.60 WB PMO

New tech Ha 46.5 2013 470.48 470.48 WB PMO

Cooperative

training2013 50.00 50.00 WB PMO

WUA training 2013 30.00 30.00 WB PMO

Farmer training MM 131 2013 393.00 393.00 WB PMO

Zini Bridge 65 2014-16 2049.45 2049.45 WB PMO

42

Quan

zi/

Improve

irrigation of

village

Culvert 70 2014-16 259.77 259.77 WB PMO

Check gate 86 2014-16 770.75 770.75 WB PMO

Water volume

measureSet 58 2014-16 36.40 36.40 WB PMO

Repair well 11 2014-16 2352.08 2352.08 WB PMO

Repair well

housem2 400 2014-16 440.00 440.00 WB PMO

Repair well

deviceSet 24 2014-16 1080.00 1080.00 WB PMO

Transformer Set 17 2014-16 1368.50 1368.50 WB PMO

Power line Km 5 2014-16 500.00 500.00 WB PMO

Seepage-proof

ditchkm 23.7 2014-16 5936.99 5936.99 WB PMO

Mini dripping Ha1414.

12014-16

16302.9

9 13757.62 2545.37 WB PMO

Improve

other

production

conditions

of village

Field road Km 105.0 2014-16 9613.53 9613.53 WB PMO

Level land Ha 122.0 2014-16 1220.00 997.00 223.00 WB PMO

Balanced

fertilizationHa 2626 2014-16 2107.53 1396.53 711.00 WB PMO

Straw return

fieldHa 409 2014-16 490.80 490.80 WB PMO

IPM Ha 2626 2014-16 1969.00 1969.00 WB PMO

Non-polluted

productHa 1400 2014-16 20.00 20.00 WB PMO

Agro-

machinerySet 65 2014-16 971.90 971.90 WB PMO

Windbreak belt Ha 79.4 2014-17 2511.82 1322.01 1189.81 WB PMO

Sunning ground m2 30000 2014-16 1597.43 1597.43 WB PMO

Improve

tech + mngt

level +

organization

degree

New variety Ha 397.5 2014-16 523.30 523.30 WB PMO

New tech Ha 139.5 2014-16 469.80 469.80 WB PMO

Cooperative

training2014-16 150.00 150.00 WB PMO

WUA training 2014-16 150.00 150.00 WB PMO

Farmer training MM 524 2014-17 1572.00 1572.00 WB PMO

2

43

Qitai County

Township/

rolesActivities Unit No. Time

Invest

(,000

yuan)

Fund raising (,000 yuan)

SourceWB

NationOwn

Ban

jie

gou/

Improve

irrigation of

village

Bridge 10 2013 312.50 312.50 WB PMO

Culvert 128 2013 631.74 631.74 WB PMO

Check gate 21 2013 41.24 41.24 WB PMO

Water measure Set 21 2013 21.00 21.00 WB PMO

Mini dripping Ha 832 2013 14019.98 14019.98 WB PMO

Improve

other

production

conditions

of village

Field road Km 14.7 2013 1226.30 642.35 583.95 WB PMO

Level land Ha 53.4 2013 534.10 491.10 43.00 WB PMO

Balanced

fertilizationHa 832 2013 746.60 521.60 225.00 WB PMO

Return straw to

fieldHa 80 2013 96.00 96.00 WB PMO

IPM Ha 832 2013 736.00 736.00 WB PMO

Non-polluted

productHa 586.5 2013 20.00 20.00 WB PMO

Agro-machinery Set 30 2013 180.00 180.00 WB PMO

Windbreak belt Ha 20 2013 632.70 333.00 299.70 WB PMO

Improve

tech + mngt

level +

organization

degree

New variety Ha 132.5 2013 259.50 259.50 WB PMO

New tech 3 2013 707.85 707.85 WB PMO

Cooperative

training1 2013 50.00 50.00 WB PMO

WUA training 1 30.00 30.00 WB PMO

Farmer training MM 146 2013 438.00 438.00 WB PMO

Lao

qi

tai/

Improve

irrigation of

village

Bridge 16 2014 500.00 500.00 WB PMO

Culvert 124 2014 612.00 612.00 WB PMO

Check gate 24 2014 47.13 47.13 WB PMO

Detritor 2 2014 300.00 300.00 WB PMO

Water measure Set 28 2014 28.00 28.00 WB PMO

Mini dripping Ha 840 2014 14055.68 14055.68 WB PMO

Improve

Field road Km 24 2014 2002.12 502.20 1499.92 WB PMO

Level land Ha 82.7 2014 827.35 784.35 43.00 WB PMO

Balanced

fertilizationHa 893 2014 661.20 436.20 225.00 WB PMO

Return straw to

fieldHa 80 2014 96.00 96.00 WB PMO

44

other

production

conditions

IPM Ha 893 2014 766.50 766.50 WB PMO

Non-polluted

productHa 586.5 2014 20.00 20.00 WB PMO

Agro-machinery Set 30 2014 180.00 180.00 WB PMO

Windbreak belt Ha 20.7 2014 653.90 344.16 309.74 WB PMO

Improve

tech + mngt

level +

organization

degree

New variety Ha 132.5 2014 259.50 259.50 WB PMO

New tech 2 2014 167.85 167.85 WB PMO

Cooperative

training1 2014 50.00 50.00 WB PMO

WUA training 1 2014 30.00 30.00 WB PMO

Farmer training MM 146 2014 438.00 438.00 WB PMO

Kan

erzi/

Improve

irrigation of

village

Bridge 16 2015 500.00 500.00 WB PMO

Culvert 124 2015 612.00 612.00 WB PMO

Check gate 24 2015 47.13 47.13 WB PMO

Water measure Set 29 2015 29.00 29.00 WB PMO

Mini dripping Ha 840 2015 14055.68 14055.68 WB PMO

Improve

other

production

conditions

of village

Field road Km 24 2015 2002.12 475.50 1526.62 WB PMO

Level land Ha 81 2015 810.00 767.00 43.00 WB PMO

Balanced

fertilizationHa 888 2015 659.40 434.40 225.00 WB PMO

Return straw to

fieldHa 80 2015 96.00 96.00 WB PMO

IPM Ha 888 2015 764.00 764.00 WB PMO

Non-polluted

productHa 586.5 2015 20.00 20.00 WB PMO

Agro-machinery Set 30 2015 180.00 180.00 WB PMO

Windbreak belt Ha 13.3 2015 421.69 221.94 199.75 WB PMO

Improve

tech + mngt

level +

organization

degree

New variety Ha 132.5 2015 259.50 259.50 WB PMO

New tech 2 2015 167.85 167.85 WB PMO

Cooperative

training1 2015 50.00 50.00 WB PMO

WUA training 1 2015 30.00 30.00 WB PMO

Farmer training MM 146 2015 438.00 438.00 WB PMO

Dongwan/

Improve

irrigation of

village

Bridge 16 2016 500.00 500.00 WB PMO

Culvert 124 2016 612.00 612.00 WB PMO

Check gate 24 2016 47.13 47.13 WB PMO

Water measure Set 27 2016 27.00 27.00 WB PMO

Mini dripping Ha 810 2016 13553.69 13553.69 WB PMO

45

Improve

other

production

conditions

of village

Field road Km 24 2016 2002.12 475.50 1526.62 WB PMO

Level land Ha 80 2016 800.00 757.00 43.00 WB PMO

Balanced

fertilizationHa 837 2016 646.80 420.00 226.80 WB PMO

Return straw to

fieldHa 80 2016 96.00 96.00 WB PMO

IPM Ha 837 2016 738.50 738.50 WB PMO

Non-polluted

productHa 586.5 2016 20.00 20.00 WB PMO

Agro-machinery Set 30 2016 180.00 180.00 WB PMO

Windbreak belt Ha 20 2016 432.45 227.61 204.84 WB PMO

Improve

tech + mngt

level +

organization

degree

New variety Ha 132.5 2016 259.50 259.50 WB PMO

New tech 2 2016 167.85 167.85 WB PMO

Cooperative

training1 2016 50.00 50.00 WB PMO

WUA training 1 2016 30.00 30.00 WB PMO

Farmer training MM 146 2016 438.00 438.00 WB PMO

3

46

Bohu County

Township/

rolesActivities Unit No. Time

Invest

(,000

yuan)

Fund raising (,000 yuan)

SourceWB

NationOwn

Benbutu/

Improve

irrigation of

village

Secondary drain

ditchkm 10.9 2013-14 604.27 604.27 　 　 WB PMO

3rd + 4th drain

ditcheskm 87.4 2013-14 3511.16 1645.04 　 1866.12 WB PMO

Bridge 21.0 2013-14 218.01 218.01 　 　 WB PMO

Culvert 172 2013-14 1523.41 1523.41 　 　 WB PMO

Check gate 154 2013-14 2193.11 2193.11 　 　 WB PMO

Aqueduct 2.0 2013-14 88.00 88.00 　 　 WB PMO

Water measure Set 10 2013-14 1.00 1.00 　 　 WB PMO

Seepage proof

ditchkm 19.7 2013-14 8324.95 8324.95 　 　 WB PMO

Improve

other

production

conditions

of village

Field road Km 11.8 2013-14 1421.90 1421.90 　 　 WB PMO

Level land Ha 25.0 2013-14 250.00 0.00 　 250.00 WB PMO

Balance

fertilizationHa 996.5 2013-14 758.33 488.33 270.00 　 WB PMO

Subsoiling Ha 80.0 2013-14 60.00 0.00 60.00 　 WB PMO

Return straw to

fieldHa 60.0 2013-14 72.00 0.00 72.00 　 WB PMO

IPM ha 996.5 2013-14 706.25 706.25 　 　 WB PMO

Non-polluted

productHa 600.0 2013-14 50.00 50.00 　 　 WB PMO

Agro-machinery Set 21.0 2013-14 584.71 584.71 　 　 WB PMO

Windbreak belt Ha 18.4 2013-14 490.18 183.82 　 306.36 WB PMO

Sunning ground m2 2000 2013-14 300.00 300.00 　 　 WB PMO

Improve

tech + mngt

level +

organization

degree

New variety Set 180.0 2013-14 786.00 786.00 　 　 WB PMO

New tech 6.0 2013-14 455.07 455.07 　 　 WB PMO

Cooperative

training3.0 2013-14 150.00 150.00 　 　 WB PMO

WUA raining 2.0 2013-14 60.00 60.00 　 　 WB PMO

Farmer training MM 236.0 2013-14 708.00 708.00 　 　 WB PMO

Secondary drain

ditchkm 11.0 2015 555.15 555.15 　 　 WB PMO

3rd + 4th drain

ditcheskm 5.5 2015 227.11 227.11 　 　 WB PMO

Bridge 52.0 2015 539.83 539.83 　 　 WB PMO

47

Tawen

jueken/

Improve

irrigation of

Culvert 0.0 2015 0.00 0.00 　 　 WB PMO

Check gate 118.0 2015 1997.75 1997.75 　 　 WB PMO

Aqueduct 3.0 2015 132.00 132.00 　 　 WB PMO

Water measure Set 15.0 2015 1.50 1.50 　 　 WB PMO

Seepage proof

ditchkm 17.6 2015 8226.10 8226.10 　 　 WB PMO

Improve

other

production

conditions

of village

Field road Km 4.7 2015 559.08 559.08 　 　 WB PMO

Level land Ha 25.0 2015 250.00 0.00 　 250.00 WB PMO

Balance

fertilizationHa 503.4 2015 388.80 252.00 136.80 　 WB PMO

Subsoiling Ha 40.0 2015 30.00 0.00 30.00 　 WB PMO

Return straw to

fieldHa 30.0 2015 36.00 0.00 36.00 　 WB PMO

IPM ha 503.4 2015 355.70 355.70 　 　 WB PMO

Non-polluted

productHa 400.0 2015 30.00 30.00 　 　 WB PMO

Agro-machinery Set 10.0 2015 278.43 278.43 　 　 WB PMO

Windbreak belt Ha 11.5 2015 306.36 114.89 　 191.48 WB PMO

Sunning ground m2 1000 2015 150.00 150.00 　 　 WB PMO

Improve

tech + mngt

level +

organization

degree

New variety Set 240.0 2015 529.80 529.80 　 　 WB PMO

New tech 2.0 2015 116.16 116.16 　 　 WB PMO

Cooperative

training1.0 2015 50.00 50.00 　 　 WB PMO

WUA raining 1.0 2015 30.00 30.00 　 　 WB PMO

Farmer training MM 118.0 2015 354.00 354.00 　 　 WB PMO

Chagan

nuo’er/

Improve

irrigation of

village

Secondary drain

ditchkm 9.5 2016 479.45 479.45 　 　 WB PMO

3rd + 4th drain

ditcheskm 13.5 2016 499.64 499.64 　 　 WB PMO

Bridge 30.0 2016 311.44 311.44 　 　 WB PMO

Culvert 20.0 2016 160.00 160.00 　 　 WB PMO

Check gate 171.0 2016 2309.93 2309.93 　 　 WB PMO

Aqueduct 3.0 2016 132.00 132.00 　 　 WB PMO

Water measure Set 18.0 2016 1.80 1.80 　 　 WB PMO

Seepage proof

ditchkm 10.1 2016 4213.51 4213.51 　 　 WB PMO

Improve

Field road Km 4.0 2016 484.05 484.05 　 　 WB PMO

Level land Ha 25.0 2016 250.00 0.00 　 250.00 WB PMO

Balance Ha 508.0 2016 388.80 252.00 136.80 　 WB PMO

48

other

production

conditions

of village

fertilization

Subsoiling Ha 40.0 2016 30.00 0.00 30.00 　 WB PMO

Return straw to

fieldHa 30.0 2016 36.00 0.00 36.00 　 WB PMO

IPM ha 508.0 2016 358.00 358.00 　 　 WB PMO

Non-polluted

productHa 400.0 2016 20.00 20.00 　 　 WB PMO

Agro-machinery Set 10.0 2016 278.43 278.43 　 　 WB PMO

Windbreak belt Ha 11.5 2016 306.36 114.89 　 191.48 WB PMO

Sunning ground m2 1000 2016 150.00 150.00 　 　 WB PMO

Improve

tech + mngt

level +

organization

degree

New variety Set 40.0 2016 242.40 242.40 　 　 WB PMO

New tech 2.0 2016 116.16 116.16 　 　 WB PMO

Cooperative

training1.0 2016 50.00 50.00 　 　 WB PMO

WUA raining 1.0 2016 30.00 30.00 　 　 WB PMO

Farmer training MM 118.0 2016 354.00 354.00 　 　 WB PMO

Caikan

nuo’er/

Improve

irrigation of

village

Secondary drain

ditchkm 4.2 2017 211.97 211.97 　 　 WB PMO

3rd + 4th drain

ditcheskm 33.1 2017 1141.96 453.76 　 688.21 WB PMO

Bridge 10.0 2017 103.81 103.81 　 　 WB PMO

Culvert 100.0 2017 800.00 800.00 　 　 WB PMO

Check gate 63.0 2017 898.53 898.53 　 　 WB PMO

Aqueduct 1.0 2017 44.00 44.00 　 　 WB PMO

Water measure Set 12.0 2017 1.20 1.20 　 　 WB PMO

Seepage proof

ditchkm 9.1 2017 3963.70 3963.70 　 　 WB PMO

Improve

other

production

conditions

of village

Field road Km 4.8 2017 580.86 580.86 　 　 WB PMO

Level land Ha 21.7 2017 216.73 175.70 　 41.03 WB PMO

Balance

fertilizationHa 502.0 2017 376.50 241.50 135.00 　 WB PMO

Subsoiling Ha 40.0 2017 30.00 0.00 30.00 　 WB PMO

Return straw to

fieldHa 30.0 2017 36.00 0.00 36.00 　 WB PMO

IPM ha 502.0 2017 355.00 355.00 　 　 WB PMO

Non-polluted

productHa 0.0 2017 0.00 0.00 　 　 WB PMO

Agro-machinery Set 10.0 2017 278.43 278.43 　 　 WB PMO

Windbreak belt Ha 4.6 2017 122.54 45.95 　 76.59 WB PMO

49

Sunning ground m2 0.0 2017 0.00 0.00 　 　 WB PMO

Improve

tech + mngt

level +

organization

degree

New variety Set 40.0 2017 242.40 242.40 　 　 WB PMO

New tech 2.0 2017 116.16 116.16 　 　 WB PMO

Cooperative

training0.0 2017 0.00 0.00 　 　 WB PMO

WUA raining 0.0 2017 0.00 0.00 　 　 WB PMO

Farmer training MM 118.0 2017 354.00 354.00 　 　 WB PMO

4

50

Yanqi County

Township/

rolesActivities Unit No. Time

Invest

(,000

yuan)

Fund raising (,000 yuan)

SourceWB

NationOwn

Bao’erhai/

Improve

irrigation of

village

Secondary

drain ditchkm 2.8 2013 183.32 183.32

　 　 WB PMO

3rd + 4th drain

ditcheskm 26.9 2013 969.60 0.00

　969.60 WB PMO

Bridge 15.0 2013 236.88 236.88 　 　 WB PMO

Culvert 38.0 2013 644.07 644.07 　 　 WB PMO

Check gate 66.0 2013 606.92 606.92 　 　 WB PMO

Water

measureSet 9.0 2013 0.90 0.90 　 　 WB PMO

Seepage proof

ditchKm 9.5 2013 3550.47 3550.47 　 　 WB PMO

Improve

other

production

conditions

of village

Field road Km 14.6 2013 1779.47 1779.47 　 　 WB PMO

Level land Ha 10.2 2013 145.01 102.01 43.00 　 WB PMO

Balance

fertilizationHa 544.0 2013 241.50 241.50 　 　 WB PMO

Subsoiling Ha 220.0 2013 165.00 0.00 165.00 　 WB PMO

Return straw

to fieldHa 50.0 2013 60.00 0.00 60 　 WB PMO

IPM Ha 544.0 2013 372.00 372.00 　 　 WB PMO

Non-polluted

productHa 134.0 2013 20.00 20.00 　 　 WB PMO

Agro-

machinerySet 10.0 2013 164.00 164.00 　 　 WB PMO

Windbreak

beltHa 13.0 2013 346.32 129.87 　 216.45 WB PMO

Improve

tech + mngt

level +

organization

degree

New variety Ha 70.0 2013 127.50 127.50 　 　 WB PMO

New tech 3.0 2013 632.70 632.70 　 　 WB PMO

Cooperative

training1.0 2013 50.00 50.00 　 　 WB PMO

WUA raining 1.0 2013 30.00 30.00 　 　 WB PMO

Farmer

trainingMM 116.0 2013 348.00 348.00 　 　 WB PMO

Secondary

drain ditchkm 0.0 2014 0.00 0.00 　 　 WB PMO

3rd + 4th drain

ditches

km 18.5 2014 1230.55 0.00 　 1230.55 WB PMO

51

Yong

ning/

Improve

irrigation of

village

Bridge 12.0 2014 118.19 118.19 　 　 WB PMO

Culvert 23.0 2014 389.83 389.83 　 　 WB PMO

Check gate 83.0 2014 763.24 763.24 　 　 WB PMO

Water

measureSet 9.0 2014 0.90 0.90 　 　 WB PMO

Seepage proof

ditchKm 20.8 2014 7736.71 7736.71 　 　 WB PMO

Mini dripping Ha 723.0 2014 6734.75 6734.75 　 　 WB PMO

Improve

other

production

conditions

of village

Field road Km 10.0 2014 1223.00 1223.00 　 　 WB PMO

Level land Ha 30.0 2014 300.00 300.00 　 　 WB PMO

Balance

fertilizationHa

1088.

02014 483.00 483.00 　 　 WB PMO

Subsoiling Ha 430.0 2014 322.50 0.00 322.50 　 WB PMO

Return straw

to fieldHa 100.0 2014 120.00 0.00 120.00 　 WB PMO

IPM Ha1088.

02014 744.00 744.00 　 　 WB PMO

Non-polluted

productHa 268.0 2014 20.00 20.00 　 　 WB PMO

Agro-

machinerySet 21.0 2014 928.00 928.00 　 　 WB PMO

Windbreak

beltHa 40.0 2014 1065.60 399.60 　 666.00 WB PMO

Improve

tech + mngt

level +

organization

degree

New variety Ha 140.0 2014 484.50 484.50 　 　 WB PMO

New tech 3.0 2014 187.20 187.20 　 　 WB PMO

Cooperative

training1.0 2014 50.00 50.00 　 　 WB PMO

WUA raining 1.0 2014 30.00 30.00 　 　 WB PMO

Farmer

trainingMM 234.0 2014 702.00 702.00 　 　 WB PMO

Bei

daqui/

Improve

irrigation of

village

Secondary

drain ditchkm 　 　 　 0.00 　 　 WB PMO

3rd + 4th drain

ditcheskm 3.9 2015 3954.39 3842.64 　 111.75 WB PMO

Bridge 19.0 2015 187.13 187.13 　 　 WB PMO

Culvert 62.0 2015 1050.85 1050.85 　 　 WB PMO

Check gate 139.0 2015 1278.20 1278.20 　 　 WB PMO

Aqueduct 3.0 2015 132.00 132.00 　 　 WB PMO

Water

measure

Set 8.0 2015 0.80 0.80 　 　 WB PMO

52

Seepage proof

ditchKm 23.7 2015 8817.47 8817.47 　 　 WB PMO

Mini dripping Ha 371.0 2015 3455.87 3455.87 　 　 WB PMO

Improve

other

production

conditions

of village

Field road Km 11.5 2015 1408.90 1408.90 　 　 WB PMO

Level land Ha 30.0 2015 300.00 300.00 　 　 WB PMO

Balance

fertilizationHa

1088.

02015 483.00 483.00 　 　 WB PMO

Subsoiling Ha 423.3 2015 317.49 0.00 317.49 　 WB PMO

Return straw

to fieldHa 100.0 2015 120.00 0.00 120.00 　 WB PMO

IPM Ha1088.

02015 744.00 744.00 　 　 WB PMO

Non-polluted

productHa 268.0 2015 20.00 20.00 　 　 WB PMO

Agro-

machinerySet 20.0 2015 328.00 328.00 　 　 WB PMO

Windbreak

beltHa 40.0 2015 1065.60 399.60 　 666.00 WB PMO

Improve

tech + mngt

level +

organization

degree

New variety Ha 140.0 2015 375.30 375.30 　 　 WB PMO

New tech 2.0 2015 187.20 187.20 　 　 WB PMO

Cooperative

training1.0 2015 50.00 50.00 　 　 WB PMO

WUA raining 1.0 2015 30.00 30.00 　 　 WB PMO

Farmer

trainingMM 234.0 2015 696.00 696.00 　 　 WB PMO

Chahan

caikai/

Improve

irrigation of

village

Secondary

drain ditchkm 　 　 　 0.00 　 　 WB PMO

3rd + 4th drain

ditcheskm 15.3 2016 1022.38 0.00 　 1022.38 WB PMO

Bridge 13.0 2016 128.04 128.04 　 　 WB PMO

Culvert 32.0 2016 542.37 542.37 　 　 WB PMO

Check gate 68.0 2016 625.31 625.31 　 　 WB PMO

Water

measureSet 7.0 2016 0.70 0.70 　 　 WB PMO

Seepage proof

ditchKm 16.4 2016 6096.95 6096.95 　 　 WB PMO

Mini dripping Ha 53.0 2016 493.70 493.70 　 　 WB PMO

Improve

Field road Km 10.5 2016 1282.93 1282.93 　 　 WB PMO

Level land Ha 20.0 2016 200.00 200.00 　 　 WB PMO

Balance Ha 544.0 2016 241.50 241.50 　 　 WB PMO

53

other

production

conditions

of village

fertilization

Subsoiling Ha 220.0 2016 165.00 0.00 165.00 　 WB PMO

Return straw

to fieldHa 50.0 2016 60.00 0.00 60.00 　 WB PMO

IPM Ha 544.0 2016 372.00 372.00 　 　 WB PMO

Non-polluted

productHa 134.0 2016 20.00 20.00 　 　 WB PMO

Agro-

machinerySet 10.0 2016 164.00 164.00 　 　 WB PMO

Windbreak

beltHa 20.0 2016 532.80 199.80 　 333.00 WB PMO

Improve

tech + mngt

level +

organization

degree

New variety Ha 70.0 2016 229.35 229.35 　 　 WB PMO

New tech 2.0 2016 187.20 187.20 　 　 WB PMO

Cooperative

training1.0 2016 50.00 50.00 　 　 WB PMO

WUA raining 1.0 2016 30.00 30.00 　 　 WB PMO

Farmer

trainingMM 116.0 2016 348.00 348.00 　 　 WB PMO

54

2 The list of project activities in EM community villages of Lingyuan City in Liaoning

Vill

ageActivities Unit No. Time

Invest

(,000

yuan)

Fund raising (,000 yuan)

SourceWB Nation Own

Nai

man

ying

zi

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

2.repair wells 6 2014—6 297.6 220.8 76.8 WB PMO

3.Water storage 1 2014—6 350 236.9 113.1 WB PMO

2.Low pressure

pipe7 km 2014—6 227.5 198.0 29.5 WB PMO

4.Mini dripping 300 Set 2014—6 240 240.0 WB PMO

5.Mobile

aboveground

pipe

2 Km 2014—6 20 20.0 WB PMO

1.Transformer 6 Set 2014—6 300 300.0 WB PMO

3. Power line 2.5 km 2014—6 175 175.0 WB PMO

4.install line 2.5 km 2014—6 40 40.0 WB PMO

2. Field road 2 Km 2014—6 160 108.3 51.7 WB PMO

1.Level land 23 Ha 2014—6 48.3 48.3 WB PMO

1.Subsoiling 90 Ha 2014—6 67.5 26.3 41.2 WB PMO

1.return straw

to field30 Ha 2014—6 31.5 31.5 WB PMO

4.organic

fertilizer57 Ha 2014—6 60 60.0 WB PMO

1. IPM 100 Ha 2014—6 68 68.0 WB PMO

1.windbreak

belt1 Ha 2014—6 12 8.4 3.6 WB PMO

1.new variety 25 Ha 2014—6 52 52.4 WB PMO

2.new

technique30 Ha 2014—6 67.5 67.5 WB PMO

Tian

sheng

hao

　　　　　　　

2. repair wells 7 2014—6 347.2 257.6 89.6 WB PMO

2. Low pressure

pipe5 km 2014—6 168 147.0 21.0 WB PMO

5. Mobile

aboveground

pipe

4 km 2014—6 40 40.0 WB PMO

1. Transformer 5 Set 2014—6 250 250 WB PMO

3.Power line 3 km 2014—6 250 250 WB PMO

4. install line 3 km 2014—6 50 50 WB PMO

2.Field road 2 Km 2014—6 160 108.3 51.7 WB PMO

55

　　　　　　

1.Level land 20 Ha 2014—6 42 42.0 WB PMO

1.Subsoiling 120 Ha 2014—6 90 35.1 54.9 WB PMO

1.return straw

to field30 Ha 2014—6 31.5 31.5 WB PMO

1. IPM 120 Ha 2014—6 5 5.0 WB PMO

1.windbreak

belt2 Ha 2014—6 24 16.8 7.2 WB PMO

1.new variety 40 Ha 2014—6 60 60.0 WB PMO

2.new

technique30 Ha 2014—6 67.5 67.5 WB PMO

56

3 The list of project activities in Hebutu Village of Zhangwu County in Liaoning

Vill-

ageActivities No. Unit Time

Invest

(,000

yuan)

Fund raising (,000 yuan)

SourceWB Nation Own

Hubutu

repair wells 20 2015—7 700 473.8 226.2 WB PMO

Ditch

desilting6.71 km 2015—7 336 227.0 109.0 WB PMO

Bridge 4 2015—7 480 304.6 175.4 WB PMO

Culvert 54 2015—7 378 255.8 80.2 WB PMO

Field road 11.16 km 2015—7 1674 1132.9 541.1 WB PMO

Agro-

machinery7 Set 2015—7 105 105.0 WB PMO

Dripping 160 set 2015—7 2368 2368.0 WB PMO

　 　 　　 　 　　 　 　

57