magistrasnyder.weebly.commagistrasnyder.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/7/5/137556… · Web viewWhat English word would fit best into the blank above? The word . Prōserpinae. in this sentence

Nōmen _______________ __ 11/12/2014 Latin I, Magistra Snyder / Magister Jaffe, R ____

Term 2 Packet 1

THE DATIVE CASE AND THE FUTURE TENSEThe DATIVE CASERecall the following sentence from the myth of Proserpina and Pluto:

Plūto Prōserpinae grānātum dat Pluto gives a pomegranate _____ Proserpina.

What English word would fit best into the blank above?

The word Prōserpinae in this sentence is in the DATIVE case.

Words in the DATIVE case are translated by adding the English words “TO” or “FOR” before the DATIVE case noun.

The annotation for the DATIVE case is a plus sign + over the dative nounINDIRECT OBJECTSThe most common function of the DATIVE case is an INDIRECT OBJECT.

An INDIRECT OBJECT is a noun that receives the direct object OR the noun TO or FOR WHOM the action of the verb is done. Therefore it is indirectly affected by the verb.

Ex. “Pluto gives a pomegranate TO Proserpina.“ pomegranate = direct object Proserpina = INDIRECT OBJECT she receives the direct object (the pomegranate) and

the action of the verb (gives) is done TO/FOR her (Pluto gives something TO her)

VERBS THAT GOVERN DATIVE CASE NOUNSNot all verbs can take an INDIRECT OBJECT. There are a few select verbs that you will commonly see followed by an INDIRECT OBJECT.

cēdō, cēdere, cessī, cessus: to grant, yield dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dīctus: to say, tell do, dare, dedi, datus: to give doceō, docēre, docuī, doctus: to teach donō, donāre, donāvī, donātus: to grant, bestow faciō, facere, fēcī, factus: to make indicō, indicāre, indicāvī, indicātus: to indicate, point out, reveal monstrō, monstrāre, monstrāvī, monstrātus: to show, teach, point out narrō, narrāre, narrāvī, narrātus: to tell, narrate offerō, offerre, obtulī, oblatus to offer, present, bestow ostendō, ostendere, ostendī, ostentus: to show, display, reveal, display praebeō, praebēre, praebuī, praebitus to present, show, put forward praestō, praestāre, praestitī, praestitus to supply, hand over respondeō, respondēre, respondī, responsus: to reply

Exerceāmus!Directions: Annotate and translate the following sentences including dative case nouns. The italicized words are in the DATIVE CASE. Then complete the chart of endings below. Words with asterisks next to them have forms you do not yet know and they have been translated for you in the vocabulary section. Use the list of verbs on pg. 1 to help you.

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Among Jupiter’s many mortal conquests was Thetis, a nymph who was the daughter of the sea-god Nereus. The king of the gods tried to pursue a relationship with the nymph until he was given a grave warning…

a) amor deī Iovis* est irrefragabilis* totīs nymphīs, etiam Thetis.

b) Proteus orāculum deō dat: sī Thetis fīlium creat, ille fīlius suum patrem*

vincet*.

c) vōtum amōris* nymphae Iuppiter nōn potest facere.

d) Iuppiter nympham in matrimōniō virīs mortalibus offerre decernit.

Vocabulary*amōris = love (gen. sg. m.)*Iovis = Jupiter (gen. sg. m.)*irrefragabilis = irresistible *patrem = father (acc. sg. m.)*potest= (he/she/it) is able, can*vincet = “will conquer/overthrow”amor, amōris m. lovecreō, creāre, creāvī, creātus to give birth to, bear

decernō, decernere, decrevī, decretus to decide, determineetiam evenille, illa, illud thatnympha, nymphae f. nymphProteus, -ī m. Proteus (Thetis’ grandfather)Thetis, Thetis f. Thetis (a nymph)totus, tota, totum allvōtum, vōtī n. promise

DATIVE CASE: Noun Endings

1st DECLENSION 2nd DECLENSION (M) 2nd DECLENSION (N)SG. PL. SG. PL. SG. PL.-a -ae NOM. -us/r -ī NOM. -um -ā

-ae -ārum GEN. -ī -ōrum GEN. -ī -ōrum

-______ -______DAT.

-______ -______DAT.

-______ -______-am -ās ACC. -um -ōs ACC. -um -a

-ā -īs ABL. -ō -īs ABL. -ō -īs

DISTINGUISHING THE DATIVE AND ABLATIVE CASESSTATIMCan the following verbs govern an indirect object, or dative, in Latin? Circle “ita” (yes) or “nōn” (no); if “ita”, provide an example in English to prove your point.

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I. praestō, praestāre to offer, make available ( ita / nōn)

II. vidēo, vidēre to see ( ita / nōn) III. cēdō, cēdere to grant, yield ( ita / nōn) IV. prōmittō, prōmittere to promise ( ita / nōn) V. amō, amāre to love ( ita / nōn)

REVIEW: NOUN ENDINGSDecline these nouns in all cases (use your handout from yesterday to check your work):

nympha, nymphae f.: nymph DECLENSION: _____ / STEM: ___________

NOM.SG. NOM.PL.

GEN. SG. GEN. PL.

DAT. SG. DAT. PL.

ACC.SG. ACC.PL.

ABL.SG. ABL.PL.

matrimōnium, matrimōniī n. marriage

DECLENSION: _____ / STEM: ___________

NOM.SG. NOM.PL.

GEN. SG. GEN. PL.

DAT. SG. DAT. PL.

ACC.SG. ACC.PL.

ABL.SG. ABL.PL.

Exerceāmus! Directions: For each sentence, you will see words that could be in one of two cases. It is your job to use context clues and vocabulary to determine what cases those nouns are in within the specific sentence and then to annotate and translate.

One mortal man, Peleus, accepts the offer of marriage with Thetis and the couple has a son, Achilles, who is destined to have a remarkable future (later you will read about their wedding and the conflict it creates among the gods). Thetis, fearing that her son, Achilles, will be drafted in a dangerous war, tries to protect him by sending him into hiding…

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1. Thetis virō, Peleō, dīcebat: “Graecī auxiliō filiī in bellō vincere possunt,

a. Peleō could be:__ablative or dative_______, but here it is______dative____ b. fīliō could be:____ ablative or dative, but here it is:____ ablative ____c. Translation: Thetis was saying to (her) husband, Peleus: “The Greeks are able to

be victorious in war with the help of (my) son,

2. sed meō filiō nōn vītam longam donāre nōn possunt.

a. fīliō could be:_________________________, but here it is:______________

b. Translation:

3. itaque meō amīcō, Lycomedī, eum do. Lycomedes eum in suā domō potest cēlāre.

a. amīcō could be:__________________________, but here it is:_____________

b. Translation:

4. Lycomedes puerum vestimentō puellae amicit.

a. vestimentō could be:_________________________, but here it is:_____________

b. puellae could be: but here it is :

c. Translation:

5. “nēmo vēram fōrmam fīliō poterit cognoscere!”, Lycomedes dīcit.

a. fīliō could be:_________________________, but here it is:_____________

b. Translation:

Vocabularyamicō, amicīre to dress, clotheauxilium, auxiliī n. helpbellum, bellī n. war

cēlō, cēlāre to hidecognoscō, cognoscere to recognizedonō, donāre: to bestow, granteum him (acc. sg. m.)

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fōrma, fōrmae f.: form, shape, figureGraecī, Graecōrum m. pl.: the Greeksitaque thereforelongus, longa, longum: longLycomedes, Lycomedis m. Lycomedesmeus, mea, meum: mynēmo = no one (nom. sg.)

possunt = (they) are ablepoterit = (he/she/it) will be ablepuella, puellae f. girlpuer, puerī m. boyvestimentum, vestimentī n. clothingvincō, vincere to conquer, be victorious, defeatvīta, vītae f.: life

COMPREHENSIO

1. What is Thetis’ main concern regarding her son?

2. What solution does she come up with for her problem?

3. How can Lycomedes help Achilles?

4. What is Lycomedes method of protecting Achilles?

5. What does the phrase vēram fōrmam refer to?

APPLE, APPLE, IN THE HALL, WHO’S THE FAIREST OF THEM ALL?

1. Thetis erat nympha aquae. avus, deus Proteus,

2. orāculum nymphae dīcit: ‘fīlium creābis et fīlius patrem

3. vincet.’ Iuppiter nypham amābat, sed Thetis eum verbīs

4. oraculariīs terrēbat; itaque deus eam in matrimonium

agō, agere, ēgī, āctus driveambroscus, -a, -um divine, god-likeanimus, animī, m. spirit, mindaureus, aurea, aureum goldenaurum, aurī, n. goldavertō, avertere, avertī, aversus turn awayavus, avī, m. grandfatherconsilium, consiliī, n. plancreō, creāre, creāvī, creatus create; give birth to creābis = “you will give birth to” discordia, discordiae, f. discord, conflict, animosityDiscordia, Discordiae, f. Discord (goddess of conflict) dōnum, dōnī, n. gift*dūcō, dūcere, duxī, ductus leadduō twoeam = (acc. sg. f.) “her”eum = (acc. sg. m.) “him”equus, equī, m. horseiaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactus throw*itaque and so, thereforemālum, mālī, n. applemedium, mediī, n. medium, midst*mittō, mittere, mīsī, missus send*nunc now Neptūnus, Neptūnī, m. Neptunenuptiae, nuptiārum, f. pl. marriagenympha, nymphae, f. nymphnuntium, nuntiī, n. message, invitationOlympus, Olympī, m. Olympuspatrem = (acc. sg.) father

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5. cum Peleō dūcit. Peleus nōn deus est sed vir.6. Thetis et Peleus nuntia deīs mittunt et deī et deae7. ad nuptiās veniunt. Neptūnus, aquārum et equōrum 8. deus, dōna Peleō dat. nunc duō equī ambroscī Peleō 9. sunt.10. sed deae Discordiae nuntium nōn mittunt. ubi 11. dea ad Olypum venit, deī eam ā nuptiīs avertunt. dea 12. īrāta cōnsilium capit: ‘discordiam in animōs deōrum 13. et deārum agere cupiō. ex aurō mālum faciō. mālō 14. discordiam nuptiīs dō.’15. ad Olympum revenit et mālum in medium 16. nuptiārum iacit. in mālō aureō est verbum:17. ‘PULCHERRIMAE.’

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DATIVE OF POSSESSIONIn line 8 of this passage you saw the sentence: nunc duō equī ambroscī Peleō sunt. = Now there are two divine horses for Peleus.

This usage of the DATIVE case is called DATIVE OF POSSESSION. You can still use the “FOR” translation for these kinds of datives, but you can also say “_______ has ________”, or “Now Peleus has two divine horses”, for example.

THE FUTURE TENSE

STATIMRe-translate the following sentence from the last text:

‘fīlium creābis et fīlius patrem vincet.’

The verbs creābis and vincet are both in the FUTURE tense. Consider how the FUTURE tense is formed by comparing these forms to their PRESENT tense counterparts

o PRESENT TENSE = creās you give birth

o FUTURE TENSE = creābis you will give birth

What is different about the FUTURE tense of this verb?

What conjugation does this verb belong to?

o PRESENT TENSE = vincit he conquers

o FUTURE TENSE = vincet he will conquer7

What is different about the FUTURE tense of this verb?

What conjugation does this verb belong to?

FORMING THE FUTURE TENSEBased on what you observed above, complete the following formulae for conjugating FUTURE tense verbs.

1st and 2nd conjugations: ________________ + ________ + _______________

*EXCEPT 1st person singular – no ‘i’ before ‘ō’ ending (ex. amābō NOT amābiō) 3rd person plural – infix and ending are ‘bunt’ (ex. amābunt, habēbunt)

3rd reg., 3rd –io and 4th conj.: ________________ + ________ + _______________

*EXCEPT 3rd conj.- vowel from Present stem drops (ex. duces NOT ducees) 1st person sing. – infix and ending are ‘am’ (ex. dīcam, capiam, audiam)

The FUTURE tense of sum, esse is as follows:

LATIN FORM (SING.)

ENGLISH TRANSLATION(SING.)

LATIN FORM(PLURAL)

ENGLISH TRANSLATION

(PLURAL)1st Person erō I will be erimus you will be

2nd Person eris you will be eritis you all will be

3rd Person erit he/she/it will be / there will be

erunt they will be / there will be

CONJUGATING THE FUTURE TENSEDirections: Conjugate the following verbs in the FUTURE tense. Forms with a * have an EXCEPTION to consult.

1. do, dare, dedī, datus to give

Conjugation #: ________Formula for Future Tense: ________________ + ________ + _______________

LATIN FORM (SING.)


LATIN FORM(PLURAL)

ENGLISH TRANSLATION

(PLURAL)

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1st Person *

2nd Person

3rd Person *

2. habeō, habēre, habuī, habitus to have


LATIN FORM (SING.)


LATIN FORM(PLURAL)

ENGLISH TRANSLATION

(PLURAL)1st Person *

2nd Person

3rd Person *

3. cēdo, cēdere, cessī, cessus to grant, yield; go


LATIN FORM (SING.)


LATIN FORM(PLURAL)

ENGLISH TRANSLATION

(PLURAL)1st Person * *

2nd Person * *

3rd Person * *

4. capiō, capere, cēpī, captus to take, seize


LATIN FORM (SING.)


LATIN FORM(PLURAL)

ENGLISH TRANSLATION


2nd Person

9

3rd Person

5. veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventus to come, arrive


LATIN FORM (SING.)


LATIN FORM(PLURAL)

ENGLISH TRANSLATION


2nd Person

3rd Person

HW: CONJUGATING THE FUTURE TENSEDirections: Conjugate the following verbs in the FUTURE tense. Consult pg.

1. mittō, mittere, mīsī, missus to send


LATIN FORM (SING.)


LATIN FORM(PLURAL)

ENGLISH TRANSLATION

(PLURAL)1st Person

2nd Person

3rd Person

2. maneō, manēre, mansī, ------ to remain, stay


LATIN FORM (SING.)


LATIN FORM(PLURAL)

ENGLISH TRANSLATION

(PLURAL)1st Person

2nd Person

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3rd Person

3. audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītus to hear, listen to


LATIN FORM (SING.)


LATIN FORM(PLURAL)

ENGLISH TRANSLATION

(PLURAL)1st Person

2nd Person

3rd Person

4. sum, esse, fuī, futurus to be


LATIN FORM (SING.)


LATIN FORM(PLURAL)

ENGLISH TRANSLATION

(PLURAL)1st Person

2nd Person

3rd Person

PRESENT FUTURE TENSE MORPHOLOGY

Directions: The following verbs have been taken from your “Apple, Apple…”text on pg. 6. Identify their current tense and conjugation number and then rewrite them in the FUTURE tense, maintaining person and number:

# Verb Form Tense? Conjugation # Future Form

1. dīcit

2. amābat

3. terrēbat

4. dūcit

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5. est IRREGULAR

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6. veniunt

7. dat

8. sunt IRREGULAR

9. mittunt

10. capit

OLYMPUS’ NEXT TOP GODDESS

1. erat in Asiā urbs Troia, magna et antiqua. in somniīs

2. Hecuba, rēgīna Troiae, signum deōrum vidēbat: faculam

3. claram flammīs creat. rēgulus Aesacus signum intellegit:

4. ‘ob fīlium Troia cadet, et letum vidēbimus.’5. nec Priamus nec Hecuba fīlium interficere

cupit, 6. itaque servus eum ad Īdam portat et ibi

relinquit. fīlius 7. nōn cadit, quod eum ursa servat. fīlius est

rēgulus Paris.8. interim, Iuno, Venus, et Minerva mālum

aureum 9. cupiunt. quod Paris aequus est et verba vēra

dīcet, 10. Iuppiter eum ad arbitrium legit. deae ad

Īdam, ubi 11. Paris armentum spectat, veniunt.12. Iuno rēgulō dīcit: ‘rēgīna deōrum sum, et

tibi rēgna

antiquus, -a, -um ancientAesacus, Aesacī, m. Aesacusaequus, aequa, aequum fairarbitrium, arbitriī, n. judgmentarmentum, armentī, n. herd*bellum, bellī, n. war*cadō, cadere, cecidī, caesus fall; dieclarus, clara, clarum brightcreō, creāre, creāvī, creatus create; give birth toeum (acc. sg. m.) “him”facula, faculae, f. torchflamma, flammae, f. flamegloria, gloriae, f. gloryHecuba, Hecubae, f. HecubaHelena, Helenae, f. Helen*iam already*ibi thereĪda, Īdae, f. Ida (a nearby mountain)intellegō, intellegere, intellexī, intellectus to understand interficiō, -ere, -ēcī, -ectus kill*legō, legere, lexi, lectus chooseletum, letī, n. destructionMenelaus, Menelaum, m. Menelausmagnus, magna, magnum largemē (acc. sg. f.) “me”*ob (+ACC) on account of, because ofoculus, oculi, m. eyeportō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus carryPriamus, Priamī, m. Paris, the kingpueritia, pueritiae, f. boyhoodrēgulus, rēgulī, m. princerelinquō, -ere, īquī, -ictus leave*servō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus saveservus, servī, m. slavesignum, signī, n. signsomnium, somniī, n. dreamspectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus

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13. magna dabō sī mē legēs.’ Minerva rēgulō dīcit: ‘dea 14. bellī sum, et gloriam habēbis sī mē legēs.’ Venus dīcit: 15. ‘virōrum et fēminārum animōs regō. fēmina 16. pulcherrima in terrā, Helena, tē amābit sī pulcherrima 17. dea in oculīs tuīs erō.’ sed Helena virum validum, 18. Menelaum, iam habet!19. ob stultitiam pueritiae deam Venerem Paris legit. 20. bellum et letum venient ad Troiam.

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CHECK: ________

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TEXTUAL ANALYSIS – ‘OLYMPUS’ NEXT TOP GODDESS’

Grammar and Translation REVIEW

1. What is the case and function of somniīs in line 1?

2. What is the case of signum in line 2?

a. How do you know signum is in this case?

3. What tense of vidēbat in line 2?

4. What is the case of flammīs in line 3? 17

5. What tense is cadet in line 4?

6. What does the word lectum refer to?

7. interficere in line 5 is an verb form and is translated with the verb

8. What direct object must be implied in the clause ibi relinquit in line 6?

9. The best translation of cadit in line 7 is

10.What is the case and function of rēgulus in line 7?

11.What is the best translation for legit in line 10?

12. The noun deae could either be in the or the

case; in this sentence it is in the case because the verb

veniunt is plural

13.The noun rēgulō in line 12 is in the case

14.The person, number and tense of the verb sum in line 12 is , ,

15.The verb dabō is in the tense

16.Find 3 GENITIVE nouns from the passage: ,

, ,

17.The noun stultitiam on line 19 is in the accusative case because it is the

Context REVIEW In lines 1, the reader learns that Troy is a city in and that is both

and

Hecuba, the queen of Troy, has a that she gives birth to a

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Aesacus interprets this as a that Hecuba will give birth to a

who will cause the of the city of Troy

Once king Priam and queen Hecuba realize that their will bring about the

of their city, they decide to have a take him to a

nearby mountain and leave him there to . Contrary to expectations, however,

he survives with the care of a

Meanwhile back at the wedding of and , the three

goddesses Juno, Venus and Minerva are still all fighting to be named ‘

‘ and win the golden apple. To judge the contest, Jupiter chooses

to select the winning goddess because the boy is both and

, as can be seen in line 9

When Jupiter chooses as the judge, he is working as a

, looking after his flock on Mt. Ida

Juno promises the prince , as she is queen of the gods

Minerva vows that the prince will have if he selects her

Venus claims that she has control over

and therefore can make the most beautiful woman in the world love him

(Little does he know, though, that Helen already has a ,

Menelaus!)

The prince chooses because of his ,

unknowingly taking an action which will bring both and

to his birthplace.

CHECK:

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Documents

magistrasnyder.weebly.commagistrasnyder.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/7/5/137556… · Web viewWhat English word would fit best into the blank above? The word . Prōserpinae. in this sentence