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!"#$%"&'(")*'/012'3'4-)2+'Total combined area of all the NPS sites 84 million

acres– slightly smaller - than Montana 1. Wrangell St. Elias - 8.3 2. Gates of the Arctic - 7.5 3. Noatak N Preserve - 6.6 4. Wrangell St. Elias - N Preserve - 4.8 5. Denali NP - 4.74 6. Katmai NP - 3.7 7. Death Valley - 3.37 8. Glacier Bay - 3.2

The first documented work - hand written journal in Yellowstone - drinking water sources - 1918 MOA in 11/1955 New MOA with DOI signed in March 2009. expanded the program

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• 102 Park Units – involved in backcountry activities • 1,816,088 - Annual backcountry overnight visitation • 266,099,641 – Annual NPS recreational visits(

•  Still approximately 102 Parks with Backcountry Activities • 1,860,162 Annual backcountry overnight visitation • 285,579,941 Annual NPS recreational visits • 0.65% of all stays are in the backcountry

• Over a 31-year period 22, 970, 740 backcountry overnight visitors for an average of 2,088,249 per year.

B2+8&.+'7$)'EH'?2")+'

Year Backcountry Overnights

Recreational visits

1979….. 2003 1,816,088 266,099,641 2004 1,725,309 276,908,337 2005 1,668,558 273,488,751 2006 1,659,484 272,623,980 2007 1,704,059 275,581,547 2008 1,797,912 274,852,949 2009 1,860,162 285,579,941 total 22,970,740 3,035,411,765 avg 2,088,249 275,946,524

•  backcountry • 2,088,249 avg. per year (1,860,162 in 2009). • Peak of 2,579,716 in 1983 • <1*4(*8$*(JMM,(B$'>'16%*"A(?$9 3.4 % higher (2008)

• P1*$7(d&9&*$*&1%(• JIeD,O-DeJO(($@#0(24"(A4$"(VJHeDeI,D,O+((&%(JMM,W(• Peak of JHID+LMDHI,(&%(+,,,0(• <1*4(*8$*(JMM,(@&9&*$*&1%(?$9((L0Hf(8&#84"(*84%(2"4@&169(A4$"(

!"#$"%&'(%)*+,-,.-*/0**!"1,'(*2334*R*A,.%& R*52*$),.%$/&;,(,)(& X&

Alaska 2,278,488 1 Intermountain Region 42,882,594 15

Midwest Region 20,655,336 7 National Capital Region 47,717,757 17

Norhteast Reagion 54,240,906 19

Pacific West Region 56,655,395 20

Southeast Region 61,149,465 21

Totals 285,579,941

1% 15% 7%

17% 19%

20%

21%

NPS Recreational Visits 2009 alaska

Intermountain Region Midwest Region

National Capital Region Norhteast Reagion

Pacific West Region Southeast Region

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NOCA Romtec backcountry toilet

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January 319 6,328 February 292 7,326 March 1,157 23,818 April 2,436 30,960 May 6,846 39,051 June 7,125 33,853 July 5,771 28,190 August 6,013 26,931 September 3,653 28,349 October 1,278 26,983 November 546 16,792 December 258 7,569 totals 35,694 276,150

http://www.nature.nps.gov/stats/viewReport.cfm

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'''''''Q$%.;' ' 'R".2) ' '>"-*-$8%.)?'January 319 6,328 February 292 7,326 March 1,157 23,818 April 2,436 30,960 May 6,846 39,051 June 7,125 33,853 July 5,771 28,190 August 6,013 26,931 September 3,653 28,349 October 1,278 26,983 November 546 16,792 December 258 7,569 totals 35,694 276,150

http://www.nature.nps.gov/stats/viewReport.cfm

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ROUTES OF ENTRY

!  INHALATION

!  INGESTION

!  ABSORPTION

!  INJECTION

Human exposure

ROUTES OF ENTRY

Human exposure

!  Inhalation - Absorbed Through the Lungs Into the Bloodstream.

!  Absorption - Absorbed Through the Skin or Eyes.

!  Ingestion - Absorbed Through the Gastro-Intestinal Tract From Eating, Drinking or Smoking.

!  Injection - Via Puncture wounds such as: Broken Glass, Needles, Knives Etc.

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Where does it go?

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Questions?

Katmai Alaska Camp

Blue bag barrel

Camp Muir Mt Rainier

wag bag with cvr

Rocket box (ammo)

Eco-Safe kayak

Grand Canyon Taxi

Phantom ranch

SCAT Machine

DEVAP TM 2000

,&$"#%@'.$0&2.'".'>0@;$)%'N"%?$%'3'RVWQX'

Grand Canyon south rim WWTP