2

2 / 53

1.

,

. ,

. 2 , ,

(Platon,

B.C. 427~437)

3 / 53

1.

-

, ,

, , , , , , , ,

,

4 / 53

1.

1)

,

,

, ,

,

-

-

- -

-

5 / 53

1.

1) (B.C. 700 )

(B.C. 1550)

Atharva veda

Sushruta-Samhita

, , ,

B.C. 10

,

Saul

6 / 53

1.

2) (B.C. 700~A.D. 500)

, , ,

-

-

- ,

-

- ( ),

7 / 53

1.

2) (B.C. 700~A.D. 500)

PythagorasPythagoras

, , , , , . .

Hippocrates(B.C. 460~370)Hippocrates

(B.C. 460~370)

, , , , ( ) ,

, (blood-letting), , (ritual purification) (phrenitis), (mania), (melancholia) ,

, , , (senile dementia) , (hydrotherapy), , ,

8 / 53

1.

2) (B.C. 700~A.D. 500)

Platon(B.C. 427~347)

Aristoteles(B.C. 384~322)

Republic"

,

Herophilus(B.C. 335~280)

,

9 / 53

1.

2) (B.C. 700~A.D. 500)

Asclepiades(B.C. 150)

, , . , , , (blood letting), .

Celsius(B.C. 25~A.D. 50)

De Re Medicina" . ,

Soranus(98~138)

, , , ,

Aretaeus(50~130):

,

Galen(130~200)

( ) , ,

10 / 53

1.

3) (middle age A.D. 500 ~1500)

( )

St. Augustine

(confession)

11 / 53

1.

3) (middle age A.D. 500 ~1500)

1204 . ,

Baghdad , Rhazes

1486 Alsace Rufah , , ,

12 / 53

1.

4) (A.D. 1500~1700)

,

17

, , ,

, , , lunatic . Martin Luther , .

, ,

13 / 53

1.

.

. Weyer , , , , , (folie a deux), ,

4) (A.D. 1500~1700)

J. Weyer(1515~1588)

Andreas Vesalius(1514~1564) , ,

,

14 / 53

1.

4) (A.D. 1500~1700)

17 ,

1656 , ,

,

1547 Bethlehem (Bedlam)

1601 (poor law) ,

15 / 53

1.

18

5) 18~19

W. Cullen(1710~1790)

(neurosis) . ( )

Franz Anton Mesmer(1733~1815)

Benhamin Rush

Phillippe Pinel(1745~1826)

16 / 53

1.

18

5) 18~19

W. Cullen(1710~1790)

(Animal Magnetism) , Mesmerism

Franz Anton Mesmer(1733~1815)

Benhamin Rush

Phillippe Pinel(1745~1826)

17 / 53

1.

18

5) 18~19

W. Cullen(1710~1790)

1752

, , . , . , 1773 Williamsburg The Eastern Asylum(Eastern Lunatic-Hospital)

Franz Anton Mesmer(1733~1815)

Benhamin Rush

Phillippe Pinel(1745~1826)

18 / 53

1.

18

5) 18~19

W. Cullen(1710~1790)

, , , , ,

. (open door policy) ,

Franz Anton Mesmer(1733~1815)

Benhamin Rush

Phillippe Pinel(1745~1826)

19 / 53

1.

Freud

6) 19 ~ 20

Wilhelm Griesinger(1817~1868)

emil Kraepelin(1856~1926)

, ,

19

Hideo Nohuchi(1876~1928)

Eugen Bleuler(1857~1939)

(schizophrenia)

20 / 53

1.

6) 19 ~ 20

Dorothea Lynde Dix

(1802~1887) , 30

Jean Martin Charcot

(1825~1893) ,

Sigmund Freud(1856~1939)

(free association)

, , (dynamic psychiatry)

21 / 53

1.

Adolf Meyer(1866~1950) Johns Hopkins

,

Alfred Adler(1870~1937)

,

Otto Rank(1884~1939)

Freud (birth trauma) (separation anxiety)

6) 19 ~ 20

22 / 53

1.

6) 19 ~ 20

1900 , ,

Carl Gustav Jung

(1857~1961)

Carl Gustav Jung

(1857~1961)

(analytic psychology)

libido (life force)

23 / 53

1.

6) 19 ~ 20

H. S. Sullivan(1892~1949)

.

Melanie Klein(1882~1960)

. play therapy ,

Anne Freud Freud Ego and Mechanism of Defense" Freud

24 / 53

1.

6) 19 ~ 20

1930

Julius Wagner Von jauregg(1857~1940)

Nobel

Manfred Sakel(1900~1957) 1933 insulin shock .

Egas Moniz(1974~1955)

1936 (psychosurgery) ,

25 / 53

1.

6) 19 ~ 20

1938 1935

Cerleitti(1877~1963) Lucio Bini

Ladislaus J. Von Meduna(1896~1964) Camphor Cardizole

26 / 53

1.

7) 20 ~

.

Erich Fromm(1900~1980)

, ,

Erik Erikson(1902~1995)

,

Frieda Fromm-Reichman

Karl Menninger , ,

27 / 53

1.

7) 20 ~

Freud H. S. Sullivan ,

1952 Jean Delay Pierre Deniker Chlorpromazine

John b. Watson Joseph Wolpe

Aaron Beck(1921~) Albert Ellis(1913~)

28 / 53

1.

7) 20 ~

1 2 43%

1946 , (National Institute of Mental Health)

1

2

3

29 / 53

1.

7) 20 ~

1963

1955~ 1975

, , ( ), ,

559,000 66% .

30 / 53

2.

19 , 20

Florence Nichtingale

Notes On Nursing"

1836

1860

Fliedner 3 Kwaiserthwerth (F. Nightingale )

1

31 / 53

2.

1872

1880 , 15

1890 , 432

32 / 53

2.

1)

Linda Richards

19

1913

1936

Waverly Mclean 2

1880

33 / 53

2.

1)

Linda Richards

1880

1913

1936

(hydrotherapy),

19

34 / 53

2.

1)

Linda Richards

1880

19

1936

Johns Hopkins

Nursing Mental Diseases1913

35 / 53

2.

1)

Linda Richards

1880

19

1913

67

1937 (National League for Nursing Education)

1940

1930 , ,

1936

36 / 53

2.

2)

2 1946

, , ,

, 12

8000 , 1948 , 9

1965 , 31

1987 60

37 / 53

2.

2)

1948 Brown Nursing for the Future

, 1955

38 / 53

2.

3)

1952 3

Gwen Tudor Will2

Frances Sleeper3

peplau (Interpersonal Relation in Nursing)1

Sullivan ,

Peplau , ,

39 / 53

2.

3)

1952 3

Gwen Tudor Will2

Frances Sleeper3

peplau (Interpersonal Relation in Nursing)1

Psychiatry"

10

40 / 53

2.

3)

1952

1957

1958

1957 ,

Mellow

Peplau, Will, Mellows

41 / 53

2.

3)

1961

1962

Ida Jean orlando The Dynamic Nurse-Patient Relationship: ,

Peplau Interpersonal Technique: The Crux of Psychiatric Nursing: Peplau 1 , ( )

42 / 53

2.

4)

(1963 )

Perspectives in Psychiatric Care" , Journal of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health Service(1981 Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Service ) , , ,

1971 New Jersey New York 1970 1973

1982 . 1973

43 / 53

2.

4)

1

2

3

4

, ,

,

44 / 53

2.

4)

19,145

6,030

770

1984 (NANDA)

Archives of Psychiatric Nursing : 1987 .

45 / 53

2.

4)

1978 President's Commission of Mental Health

- , , ,

-

- , , ,

-

-

46 / 53

4)

1982

( )

, , ,

1990

, 1

, 2

3

2.

47 / 53

1)

3.

20 , , ,

,

( ) ( ) ( )

10 ( 818 ) ( ) , ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

48 / 53

1)

3.

( ) , ,

, , .

( )

49 / 53

2)

3.

1885

1907 11 , (1910 )

1910 , 1913

1917 1923

(1910~1945)

(descriptive psychiatry) , 1914 , ,

50 / 53

3)

3.

1945

2001 6

1962

1995

, 6 25

, 1945

, , , ,

: , ,

46,472 , 14,262 60,734 ,

51 / 53

4)

3.

, , , , 6 25

1960 1970

,

, ,

,

52 / 53

3.

4)

( ) (1927 )

1943 ,

1950 , 1960

1970 1974 1971 , 1992 2 , 4

53 / 53

2)

3.

20 1996~1998 (UNDP)

1992 1993 , .

1996

150 850 .

2004 3,000 .

2 , ,