11 IV How did the electric guitar revolutionize rock?From acoustic to electric guitars

SectionsLasers and X-rays

11-1.1 Two symmetric Situationscurrent loop + magnetic field torquetorque + magnetic field current

11-1.2 Two ExperimentsFirst Experiment A Magnet is moving with respect to the loop.

Second Experiment

The switch S is closed or opend.

11-1.3 Faradays Law of InductionAn emf is induced when the number of magnetic field lines that pass through the loop is changing. A Quantitative Treatment The magnetic flux

Faradays law

1 A solenoid contains a coili =1.5 A n = 2.2104 turns / mA = 3.46 10-4m2 N = 130 turns25ms0

i =1.5 A n = 2.2104 turns / mA = 3.46 10-4m2 N = 130 turns25ms0

11-1.4 Lenzs LawOpposition to pole MovementOpposition to flux changeElectric Guitars

2 B = 4.0 t2 +2.0 t + 3.0 Ebat = 2.0V r = 0.20m

EMBED Equation.2

_988006547.unknown

_1244752913.unknown

3 B = 4 t2 x2W = 3.0m H = 2.0m t = 0.1s

EMBED Equation.2

_1244724452.unknown

_1244752930.unknown

11-1.5 Induction and Energy Transfers The work done by the applied force and the thermal energy produced in the wire.

The Power

Eddy currents induction stoves and EM braking

Eddy currents transformers

Eddy currents EM braking

Eddy currents metal detectors

The microphone

The tape recorder

Speaker

Voice-coil positioner of a HDD

11-2.1 Magnetism of MatterHow can a clay-walled kiln reveal Earths magnetic field of the past?

The earths dipole field The mid-atlantic ridge 11-2.2 The Magnetic field of the Earth

11-2.3 Magnetic MaterialsDiamagnetism ()Paramagnetism ()Ferromagnetism ()

32-6 Diamagnetism

11-2.4 Diamagnetism

11-2.5 Paramagnetism

11-2.6 Ferromagnetism(magnetic domain)

Hysteresis ()

11-3.1 Maxwells Equations

11-3.2 () ()

11-3.3 Magnets and magnetic flux () Magnetic dipole: north/south pole

11-3.4 Gauss Law for Magnetic Fields The net magnetic flux thru any closed Gaussian surface is zero.

11-3.5 Gauss Law for electric Fields Flux enclosed charge

11-3.6 Induced Magnetic Fields 3 ways to produce a magnetic field: by an electric current, by a magnetic material, and by induction.

11-3.7 Induced Magnetic Fields

11-3.8 Displacement Current

11-3.9 Maxwells Equations

11-4.1 Electromagnetic WavesThe Oscillating E and B FieldsA Most Curious Wave The ether ()

Light Electromagnetic WavesHertz () Radio WavesThe Electromagnetic SpectrumThe Relative Sensitivity of Human eyes 430nm 690nm11-4.2 Characteristics

11-4.3 Maxwells Rainbow

11-4.4 CometsWhat shapes the curved dust tail of a comet?

11-4.5 Polarization ()Polarized LightThe Plane of PolarizationLinear, Circular and Elliptical polarization

Polarization of Light

11-4.6 Liquid Crystal - I

Liquid Crystal - II

Liquid Crystal - III

LCD Liquid Crystal Display

11-4.7 Reflection and Refraction ()

The Index of Refraction

The Stealth Aircraft F-117A

11-4.8 Chromatic Dispersion prisms and gratings

Rainbows

11-4.9 Diffraction ()

Why do the colors in a pointillism painting change with viewing distance?

The Fresnel Bright Spot (1819) Newton Poisson Fresnel

Double-slit diffraction (with interference)Single-slit diffraction

X-ray Diffraction

Braggs Law

11-5.1 Theory of Lasers

He-Ne Lasers

Applications of Lasers

Compact Disc

11-5.2 Theory of X-ray

X

Medical X-rays

2D and 3D X-ray Images

!

(0.3m)(1mm)Metastable states: 10-3 s vs 10-8 sHe: 20.61eV neon:20.66 eV / 18.70 eVBarcode scanning, CO2 laser welding and retina surgery