2010. 8 · 도로설계편람제8편 환경시설편 2010. 8 도 로 설 계 편 람 제 8 편 환 경 시 설 편 2 0 1 0 8 발간등록번호 11-1611000-001165-01

도로설계편람 제8편

환경시설편

2010. 8

도로설계편람

제8편

환경시설편

2010�

8

발 간 등 록 번 호

11-1611000-001165-01

머 리 말

우리나라는 지난 반세기동안 눈부신 경제발전을 이룩하였으며, 이와 함께 도로

시설도 지속적으로 확충되어 왔습니다. 더불어 도로건설의 기술적인 면에서도 선진

국들과 당당히 경쟁할 수 있는 수준이 되었습니다. 하지만 산지가 전 국토의 70%를

차지하는 지형적 특성상 도로건설이 환경에 직․간접적으로 영향을 미치고 있으며,

환경에 대한 다양한 국민의 요구에 맞추어 환경친화적인 도로건설의 필요성이 점차

커지고 있습니다.

이에 따라 더 이상 경제발전이라는 논리가 최우선이 아닌 환경 보전을 통하여 귀

중한 우리의 자산을 후손에게 물려줘야 한다는 움직임이 나타났고, 1990년대부터

무분별한 개발공사를 막고 자연환경을 보호하는 ‘환경친화적인 도로’의 개념이 국내에

도입되기 시작하였습니다. 환경친화적인 도로건설이라 함은 도로건설 사업의 전과정,

즉 설계, 시공 및 유지관리단계에서 환경영향을 최소화한 도로를 의미합니다.

이러한 환경문제를 해결하기 위해 우리 부에서는 도로설계 기술자들이 도로환경

시설 설치시 활용 할 수 있는 도로설계편람(환경시설편)을 발간하게 되었습니다. 본

도로설계편람(환경시설편)은 환경시설 설치에 필요한 기본적인 사항과 관련자료 등을

제공하고, 국내외 환경친화도로 건설에 대한 자료들을 체계적으로 정리하여 효율적인

환경시설 설치를 할 수 있도록 도와줄 수 있을 것입니다.

편람 작성시에 도로 및 환경분야 전문가들로 구성된 ‘환경친화적 도로건설포럼’을

지속적으로 운영하여 환경시설분야 전문가들의 의견을 적극 반영하였고 다양한 쟁점

들에 대한 심도있는 논의를 통해 현실에 적용가능한 대안들을 수록하였습니다. 일부

미비한 점이 있을 수 있으리라 생각하며, 앞으로 지속적인 보완을 통하여 완성도

높은 편람을 만들도록 하겠습니다.

끝으로 편람발간 작업에 참여한 한국건설기술연구원 연구진, 포럼위원, 자문위원,

심의위원 그리고 관계 공무원 여러분의 노고에 감사드리며, 본 편람이 환경보전을

위한 도로건설에 많은 도움이 되기를 기대합니다.

2010년 8월

국토해양부 도로정책관 박 기 풍

제 8 편 환경시설 목 차

도로설계편람 800-1

2010. 8

목 차

801 총론

801.1 개요 ·················································································································································801-1

1.1 도로환경시설의 정의 ·····················································································································801-1

1.2 환경시설편의 목적 ·························································································································801-1

1.3 도로환경시설의 종류 ·····················································································································801-1

1.4 적용범위 ···········································································································································801-1

801.2 환경친화적인 도로건설 ··············································································································801-2

2.1 환경친화적인 도로의 개념 ···········································································································801-2

2.2 도로건설과 환경과의 관계 ···········································································································801-2

2.3 환경친화적인 도로건설의 정책방향과 전략 ·············································································801-7

801.3 환경시설편 구성체계 ················································································································801-12

801.4 용어의 정의 ·································································································································801-13

802 생태통로

802.1 개요 ·················································································································································802-1

1.1 정의 ···················································································································································802-1

1.2 역할 ···················································································································································802-1

1.3 종류 ···················································································································································802-2

802.2 생태통로의 설치 ··························································································································802-4

2.1 필요성 검토단계 ·····························································································································802-4

2.2 생태통로 결정단계 ·························································································································802-8

802.3 육교형 ···········································································································································802-16

3.1 개요 ·················································································································································802-16

3.2 설계기준 ·········································································································································802-16

3.3 종합적 설계 ···································································································································802-18

3.4 설치사례 ·········································································································································802-20

802.4 동물전용 터널 ····························································································································802-23

4.1 개요 ·················································································································································802-23

4.2 설계기준 ·········································································································································802-23

4.3 설치사례 ·········································································································································802-27

목 차 제 8 편 환경시설

800-2 도로설계편람

2010. 8

802.5 수로겸용 터널 ····························································································································802-29

5.1 개요 ·················································································································································802-29

5.2 설계기준 ·········································································································································802-29

5.3 설치사례 ·········································································································································802-31

802.6 양서·파충류 전용터널 ··············································································································802-33

6.1 개요 ·················································································································································802-33

6.2 설계기준 ·········································································································································802-33

6.3 설치사례 ·········································································································································802-35

802.7 선형 ···············································································································································802-36

7.1 개요 ·················································································································································802-36

7.2 설계기준 ·········································································································································802-36

802.8 교량 하부형 ·································································································································802-39

8.1 개요 ·················································································································································802-39

8.2 설계기준 ·········································································································································802-39

8.3 설치사례 ·········································································································································802-40

802.9 기타 부속시설 ····························································································································802-42

9.1 유도울타리 ·····································································································································802-42

9.2 대체 서식지 ···································································································································802-47

803 소형동물 탈출시설

1.1 개요 ···················································································································································803-1

1.2 설계기준 ···········································································································································803-1

1.3 설치사례 ···········································································································································803-5

804 비점오염저감시설

804.1 개요 ·················································································································································804-1

1.1 정의 ···················································································································································804-1

1.2 적용범위 ···········································································································································804-1

1.3 종류 및 특성 ···································································································································804-1

1.4 설치기준 ···········································································································································804-2

804.2 자연형 시설 ···································································································································804-3

2.1 저류시설 ···········································································································································804-3

2.2 인공습지 ·········································································································································804-11

2.3 침투시설 ·········································································································································804-18



2010. 8

2.4 식생형시설 ·····································································································································804-23

804.3 장치형 시설 ·································································································································804-28

3.1 여과형 시설 ···································································································································804-28

3.2 와류형 시설 ···································································································································804-30

3.3 스크린형 시설 ·······························································································································804-31

3.4 응집·침전 처리형 시설 ···············································································································804-32

3.5 생물학적 처리형 시설 ·················································································································804-33

805 도로비탈면 녹화

805.1 개요 ·················································································································································805-1

1.1 정의 및 목적 ···································································································································805-1

1.2 적용범위 ···········································································································································805-1

1.3 본원목표 ···········································································································································805-2

1.4 녹화지역 ···········································································································································805-3

1.5 생태자연도 ·······································································································································805-5

805.2 설계 ·················································································································································805-7

2.1 개요 ···················································································································································805-7

2.2 비탈면 녹화공법 선정 ···················································································································805-8

2.3 종자배합설계 ·································································································································805-11

2.4 도면작성 및 수량산출 ·················································································································805-18

2.5 시험시공 및 모니터링 비용 산정 ·····························································································805-19

2.6 설치사례 ·········································································································································805-20

806 도로경관

806.1 개요 ·················································································································································806-1

1.1 정의 및 목적 ···································································································································806-1

1.2 적용범위 ···········································································································································806-2

1.3 구분 ···················································································································································806-3

806.2 설계 ·················································································································································806-4

2.1 개요 ···················································································································································806-4

2.2 설치사례 ···········································································································································806-5

807 기타시설

807.1 방음시설 ······································································································································807-1



2010. 8

1.1 개요 ···················································································································································807-1

1.2 설치 고려사항 ·································································································································807-2

1.3 설치 사례 ·········································································································································807-3

807.2 조명시설 ·········································································································································807-5

2.1 개요 ···················································································································································807-5

2.2 설치 고려사항 ·································································································································807-5

808 참고문헌 ··············································································································808-1

809 색인 ·······················································································································809-1



2010. 8

표 목 차

801 총론

도로건설사업 단계별 환경영향 분석 ··········································································801-6

802 생태통로

형태에 따른 생태통로의 구분표 ··············································································802-2

규모에 따른 생태통로의 구분 ······················································································802-3

00지역 포유류 조사 결과의 예 ···················································································802-6

생태통로 필요성 검토 Check List ··············································································802-7

생태통로의 위치 결정시 고려사항 ···········································································802-11

지형 및 토목공학적 검토를 위한 항목의 예 ·························································802-13

생태통로 종류 결정시 고려사항 ···············································································802-13

생태통로 크기결정을 위한 고려사항 ·······································································802-14

생태통로 설치시 동물군별 고려사항 ·······································································802-14

파이프형 터널의 종류별 규모 예시(독일사례) ·····················································802-23

대체 서식지 조성시 고려사항 ···············································································802-51

양서류 서식처 조성시 고려사항 ···········································································802-52


소형동물 탈출측구 설계도 ····························································································803-2


저류지 설계 체크리스트 ····························································································804-8

인공습지 설계 체크리스트 ·························································································804-15

침투시설 설계 체크리스트 ·························································································804-20

식생형시설 설계 체크리스트 ·····················································································804-26

여과형시설 설계 체크리스트 ·····················································································804-28

와류형시설 설계 체크리스트 ·····················································································804-30

스크린형시설 설계 체크리스트 ·················································································804-32

응집·침전 처리형시설 설계 체크리스트 ··································································804-33



2010. 8

생물학적 처리형시설 설계 체크리스트 ···································································804-33


녹화지역과 생태자연도별 비탈면 복원목표 ··························································805-2

녹지자연도 등급의 산정기준 ························································································805-4

생태자연도 평가등급별 비탈면 복원목표 ··································································805-5

생태자연도 등급별 구분 기준 ······················································································805-5

비탈면 녹화공법의 구분 ································································································805-9

일반적인 녹화공법의 구분 ····························································································805-9

자연경관복원형 적용지역 녹화공법 종자배합비율 조견표 ·································805-11

기타 적용지역 녹화공법 종자배합비율 조견표 ·····················································805-12

자연경관복원형 적용지역의 얇은 식생기반재뿝어붙이기의 종자배합량

조견표 예시 ·················································································································805-14

자연경관복원형 적용지역의 두꺼운 식생기반재뿝어붙이기의 종자배합량

조견표 예시 ·············································································································805-15

기타 적용지역의 일반적인 도로비탈면 적용 종자뿝어붙이기 및 얇은

식생기반재 뿜어붙이기의 종자배합량 조견표 예시 ·········································805-16

기타 적용지역의 두꺼운 식생기반재 뿜어붙이기의 종자배합량 조견표

예시 ·····························································································································805-17

식생기반재 뿜어붙이기 종자파종량 조견표 ·························································805-18

806 도로경관

도로경관의 구분 ··············································································································806-1

도로경관 설계의 적용분야 ····························································································806-2

도로경관의 구성요소 ······································································································806-3

경관자원 요소에 의한 도로경관의 유형 ····································································806-3

807 기타시설

소음 완화를 위한 지역별 식재수종 ··············································································807-3



2010. 8

그 림 목 차

801 총론

환경친화적 도로의 개념 ··························································································801-2

도로가 자연생태계에 미치는 영향관계의 흐름 ··················································801-3

도로의 환경 영향(자료: 독일) ················································································801-4

간접적 영향(자료 : EC, 1999) ················································································801-5

누적 영향(자료 : EC, 1999) ··················································································801-5

도로건설에 따른 동물의 이동 차단의 개념도 ····················································801-7

도로건설사업의 자연생태계 보전․복원흐름도 ·················································801-11

802 생태통로

도로 하부에 설치된 터널형 생태통로 ··································································802-2

육교형 생태통로 ··········································································································802-2

교량하부형 생태통로 ································································································802-3

선형 생태통로 (생울타리) ·························································································802-3

문헌조사 정리 예 ········································································································802-5

○○지역의 비적설기 포유류 흔적 분포의 예 ····················································802-6

○○지역의 양서·파충류 분포의 예 ········································································802-6

00지역 포유류 관찰 및 흔적조사 결과의 예 ·······················································802-6

교량화 구조 형성을 통한 비탈면 축소의 사례 ····················································802-8

비탈면 경사도 변경과 관목 식재를 통한 환경 개선의 사례 ·························802-9

절토 비탈면의 선형 개량 및 식재를 통한 환경 개선 사례 ···························802-9

종단 구조 개선을 통한 비탈면의 최소화 사례 ·················································802-9

잡목림으로 부터의 각 동물별 행동반경 ···························································802-10

도로로 인한 동물들의 이동단절 ·······································································802-10

생태통로의 형태 결정 ···························································································802-10

육교형 생태통로 ···································································································802-16

육교형 생태통로의 종류 ·······················································································802-16

도로 양쪽경사가 급한 지역 ·················································································802-17

절토로 인해 단절된 지역 ·····················································································802-17

절토로 인해 단절된 지역 ···················································································802-17



2010. 8

교목류 (키가 8m 이상되는 나무) ·······································································802-18

관목류 ·······················································································································802-18

절토부의 길이가 30m 이상인 교량의 식재설치 ···········································802-18

육교형 생태통로의 조경배식 종단면(30m 이상 교량) ···································802-19

생태통로내 목재방음벽 설치사례 ·······································································802-19

식생대의 연결을 위한 전이대 설치(예시) ·························································802-19

생태통로와 주변의 식생대의 연결을 위한 생태통로내 전이대 ·················802-19

육교형 생태통로의 횡단면도 조성의 예 ···························································802-20

육교형 생태통로의 설치조감도 ···········································································802-20

대규모 육교형 생태통로의 설치사례 ·································································802-21

육교형 생태통로 설치사례 (스위스 Fuchswiese) ············································802-21

육교형 생태통로의 설치사례 ·············································································802-22

육교형 생태통로의 설치사례 ···············································································802-22

대규모 육교형 생태통로의 설치사례 (네덜란드) ···········································802-22

육교형 생태통로의 설치사례 ···············································································802-22

대규모 육교형 생태통로의 설치사례 (네덜란드 Googi 사례) ······················802-22

박스형 동물전용 터널의 종합적 설치 ·······························································802-24

박스형 동물전용 터널의 종합적 설치 ·······························································802-25

동물전용 터널(박스형)의 설치사례 ·····································································802-25

동물전용 터널(박스형)의 설치사례 ·····································································802-25

파이프형 동물전용터널의 종합적 설치 ·····························································802-26

파이프형 동물전용터널의 설치시 단면구성 ·····················································802-26

동물전용 터널(파이프형)의 설치사례 ·······························································802-27

동물전용 터널(파이프형)의 설치사례 ·······························································802-27

박스형 터널의 기본적인 구성 ·············································································802-27

식재를 이용한 생태통로 ·······················································································802-28

터널형(박스형) 생태통로 ·······················································································802-28

터널형(파이프형) 생태통로 ···················································································802-28

삵의 터널이용 현장 ·······························································································802-28

박스형 수로겸용 터널 모식도 ·············································································802-29

파이프형 수로겸용 터널 모식도 ·········································································802-30

박스형 수로겸용 터널 ···························································································802-30

기존의 수로를 동물이 이용 가능하도록 개선 ·················································802-30

수로겸용 터널(파이프형)의 설치(예시) ······························································802-31

입·출구 높이차 개선 사례 ····················································································802-32



2010. 8

박스형 수로겸용 터널 ···························································································802-32

박스형 수로겸용 터널 ···························································································802-32

박스형 수로겸용 터널 ···························································································802-32

파이프형 수로겸용 터널 ·······················································································802-32

박스형 수로겸용 터널 (구룡령) ···········································································802-32

다양한 종류의 양서류 터널 ·················································································802-33

양서·파충류 전용 생태통로 설치 단면도 ··························································802-34

양서·파충류 전용 생태통로 설치 개요도 ··························································802-34

양서·파충류 계절별 이동행태 ··············································································802-34

양서·파충류 종류별 행동반경 ··············································································802-34

동물의 도로침입을 방지하고 생태통로로 유도하는 시설물 ·························802-34

침입방지벽과 연결된 생태통로 ·········································································802-35

개구리 이동 생태통로 ···························································································802-35

양서류 침입방지벽 ·································································································802-35

양서·파충류 전용 생태통로 ··················································································802-35

햇빛투과형 생태통로 ·····························································································802-35

조류를 위한 횡단 유도식재 ·················································································802-36

조류 충돌방지 식생 ·······························································································802-36

생울타리 ···················································································································802-36

조류 로드킬 방지 식재 ·························································································802-37

교목층 조성을 통한 조류와 곤충류의 횡단 유도 및 충돌

회피 사례 ···············································································································802-38

기존의 교량하부를 동물이 이용 가능하도록 개선 ·········································802-39

교량하부형 생태통로의 다양한 형태 ·································································802-40

교량하부 생태통로 조감도 ···················································································802-40

교량하부형 생태통로(네덜란드) ···········································································802-40

교량하부 생태통로 설치사례 ···············································································802-41

교량하부 생태통로 설치사례 ···············································································802-41

유도울타리 종류 (형태상 분류) ···········································································802-42

포유류를 대상으로한 유도울타리(캐나다) ·························································802-43

양서·파충류를 대상으로한 유도울타리 ····························································802-43

절토고 H〉10 인 경우 유도 울타리 설치위치 ················································802-43

절토가 낮은 경우 유도울타리 설치위치 ···························································802-43

낙석방지책의 연장이 긴 경우의 유도울타리 설치위치 ·································802-43

낙석방지책의 연장이 짧은 경우의 유도울타리 설치위치 ···························802-43



2010. 8

성토부 유도울타리 설치위치 ···············································································802-44

절․성토부 경계부 유도휀스 설치위치 ·····························································802-44

2단 유도울타리 ·······································································································802-45

2단 유도울타리 ·······································································································802-45

양서·파충류 유도울타리 ························································································802-45

오소리 전용통로 유도울타리 ···············································································802-45

진고개 유도울타리 ·································································································802-46

2단 유도울타리 하단부 처리 ···············································································802-46

2단 유도울타리 ·······································································································802-46

도로변 가시철선형 유도울타리 ···········································································802-46

도로변 가시 ···········································································································802-46

유도울타리와 낙석방지책과의 연결 ·································································802-46

대체서식지 설치 단면도(예시) ··········································································802-47

대체서식지 설치 평면도(예시) ··········································································802-47

생태연못의 설치 위치 ·······················································································802-48

생태연못 ·················································································································802-48

돌무더기 ·················································································································802-49

돌무더기 설치 예 ·································································································802-49

유도수림 설치 예 ·································································································802-49

방음벽 설치 예 ·····································································································802-50

통나무 그루터기 설치 예 ···················································································802-50


탈출측구의 형태 ··········································································································803-1

경사로를 만들어 도로 쪽으로의 침입을 방지 ····················································803-4

소형동물의 이동을 고려한 횡단 가능한 V측구 ···················································803-4

하천제방 탈출구 설치시 유수방향과 반대방향으로 설치 ··································803-4

집수정에 자연석을 넣은 경우 ··················································································803-5

시설물 입·출구와 연결된 도수로 ············································································803-5

도로변 배수로에 설치된 탈출시설 ··········································································803-5

집수정 탈출시설 ··········································································································803-5

오름구조 탈출시설 ······································································································803-5

소형동물을 위한 탈출시설 ·····················································································803-5



2010. 8


유출부 소규모 연못형성 이중목적 저류지 ····························································804-3

연못형 저류지 ············································································································804-4

연못형 이중목적 저류지 ····························································································804-5

다단계 저류지 ··············································································································804-6

소규모 저류지 ··············································································································804-7

저류시설의 설치사례 ·······························································································804-10

얕은 습지 ···················································································································804-11

이중목적 얕은 습지 ·································································································804-12

연못·습지 시스템 ······································································································804-13

소규모 습지 ·············································································································804-14

인공습지의 설치사례 ·····························································································804-17

침투도랑 ···················································································································804-18

침투저류지 ···············································································································804-19

침투시설의 설치사례 ·····························································································804-22

식생여과대 ···············································································································804-23

건식 식생수로 ·········································································································804-24

습식 식생수로 ·········································································································804-25

식생형시설의 설치사례 ·························································································804-27

여과형 시설의 설치사례 ·······················································································804-29

와류형 시설의 설치사례 ·······················································································804-31

스크린형 시설의 설치사례 ···················································································804-32


도로비탈면의 구조와 명칭 ························································································805-1

녹화지역 구분과 생태자연도 등급분류도 ····························································805-3

국토핵심생태녹지축 깍기 / 쌓기지역 비탈면녹화 모형도 예시 ·······················805-6

암질이 양호한 지역 덩굴식물 식재 모형도 예시 ················································805-8

소규모 저류지 ··············································································································805-8

평면도상 깎기 전개도 ·····························································································805-19

깎기 횡단면도 ···········································································································805-19

평면도상 쌓기 전개도 및 횡단면도 ·····································································805-19

자연경관 복원형 ·······································································································805-20

목본 군락형 ·············································································································805-20



2010. 8

초복 관목 혼합형 ···································································································805-20

초본 위주형 ·············································································································805-20

임목폐기물의 현장재활용 사례 ···········································································805-21

깎기비탈면의 경사도의 다양성 추구 및 고속도로 적용사례 ·······················805-21

다앙한 조합이 가능한 표토이식공법의 사례 ·················································805-21

지역성을 강조한 전통기법 석축의 사례 ·························································805-21

미국 휴게소와 단지 주변 임목폐기물의 멀칭사례 사례 ·····························805-22

미국 도로변 임목폐기물 멀칭사례 사례 ·························································805-22

중국 고속도로의 비탈면 처리 사례 ·································································805-22

806 도로경관

도로경관의 유형 ··········································································································806-2

도로경관의 사례 ··········································································································806-4

국내의 경관도로의 유형별 사례 ··············································································806-5

국내의 도로경관의 사례 ····························································································806-6

국외의 도로경관 사례 ································································································806-7

807 기타시설

반사형 방음벽 ············································································································807-1

흡음형 방음벽 ··············································································································807-1

방음둑 ····························································································································807-2

도로변 방음림 ··············································································································807-2

도로변 방음림 ··············································································································807-2

녹화형 방음벽 ··············································································································807-3

녹화형 방음벽 ··············································································································807-3

목재형 방음벽 ··············································································································807-3

돌무더기 방음벽 ··········································································································807-3

방음림 설치사례 ·······································································································807-4

방음림 설치사례 ·······································································································807-4

용지가 확보된 경우, 방음벽의 높이를 제방의 높이로 바꾸는 것으로

방음과 환경, 경관을 동시 만족 ········································································807-4

신규로 용지를 확보하기 어려운 경우에는 가로수 높이를 방음벽

높이에 맞추어 방음과 환경, 경관을 고려 ························································807-4

빛을 차단해주는 조명시설 ···················································································807-5



2010. 8

난간조명의 설계 ·······································································································807-5

차광벽을 사용한 사례 ···························································································807-6

곤충류를 고려한 고압 나트륨램프 ·······································································807-6

중앙분리대 조명방식 ·······························································································807-6

전등갓을 이용한 조명시설 ·····················································································807-6

조명의 모양이나 방향 등을 고려한 설치 ···························································807-6

옹벽의 상단부에 조명 매입한 사례 ·····································································807-6

제 8 편 환경시설 801 총 론


2010. 8

801

총 론

801.1 개요

1.1 도로환경시설의 정의

도로환경시설이란 도로건설로 인해 자연환경

및 생활환경에 미치는 영향을 최소화 하고 도

로건설시 위협받는 생태계의 피해를 최소화 함

으로써 인간은 물론이고 나아가 동물까지 안전

한 생활을 할 수 있도록 설치하여 주는 시설을

의미한다.

1.2 환경시설편의 목적

본 환경시설편람의 목적은 도로 기술자들이

도로건설시 환경시설에 대한 설계를 수행할

때, 필요한 기본적인 사항과 관련자료 등을 제

공하는데 있다. 국내외 환경친화도로 건설에

대한 자료들을 체계적으로 정리하여 실무담당

자가 환경시설 설치시 효율적인 설치를 할 수

있도록 도와줄 수 있다.

또한 환경시설 설치시 현지조건 및 관련 규

정을 고려하여 합리적이고 환경친화적인 설계

가 이루어지도록 한다.

1.3 도로환경시설의 종류

본 환경시설편람에서 제시하고 있는 환경시

설의 종류는 아래와 같다.

• 생태통로

• 소형동물 탈출시설

• 비점오염 저감시설

• 도로비탈면 녹화시설

• 도로경관시설

• 기타시설

1.4 적용범위

본 환경시설편람은 도로법 제11조에서 규정

하고 있는 도로(고속국도, 일반국도, 특별시도,

광역시도, 지방도, 시도, 군도, 구도)에 적용하

며 지역특성 및 환경여건 등에 따라 환경성 검

토 및 협의시 의견제시가 가능하다.

본 편람의 내용이 관련법규의 규정과 상호

모순될 경우는 관련법규의 규정을 우선 준수한

다.

801 총 론 제 8 편 환경시설


2010. 8

801.2 환경친화적인 도로건설

2.1 환경친화적인 도로의 개념

‘환경친화적인 도로’는 도로건설 정책결정 및

계획단계부터 설계 및 공사단계, 유지관리단계

에 이르기까지 도로건설에 따른 환경영향을 고

려하여 자연환경 및 생태계, 생활환경, 경제․

사회 환경 피해를 최소화․완화하고 쾌적한 환

경을 창조하는 ‘인간과 환경에 좋은 도로’로 정

한다.

환경친화적인 도로는 “경제적․기술적으로

타당성이 있으며, 환경적․사회적 수용성과 연

관성이 높은 도로”, “환경성을 고려하여 노선

을 선정한 도로”, 자연생태계 보전․복원기술

과 기법을 도입한 ”에코로드”, “공사과정에 환

경오염 발생을 최소화하는 도로”, “경관이 우

수한 도로”, “환경적으로 유지관리를 잘하는

도로”, “환경민원과 사고 등이 없는 도로” 등

을 포괄할 수 있다

환경친화적인 도로는 생물 및 자연환경을 중

시한 도로로서 생물과 자연에 좋은 도로이다.

구체적으로는 도로계획 및 설계, 공사, 유지관

리단계에서 자연생태계 보전․복원․창조가 고

려된 도로를 말한다. 이때, 자연생태계 보전․

복원요소는 표토관리, 식물보호, 동물서식환경

보호, 수환경보호, 자연경관 보호 등이 포함된

다.

환경친화적인 도로의 기본원칙은 첫째, 도로

를 건설할 때 주변의 동식물과 생태계에 대한

영향을 가능한 한 적게 해야 하고, 둘째, 도로

의 노면, 환경시설대, 서비스 시설 등의 도로용

지를 활용하여 동식물의 생식환경을 적극적으

로 조성하는 것이다.

우선적으로 첫째원칙을 적용하되 지역여건에

따라 둘째 원칙을 겸용하는 것이 환경친화적인

도로의 효과를 높일 수 있다. 주요 기술과 기

법은 조사기법, 생태이동통로, 비탈면 녹화, 비

점오염원 설치, 동물이동 유도울타리, 조명시

설, 방음 시설등으로 다양하다.

환경친화적 도로의 개념

2.2 도로건설과 환경과의 관계

2.2.1 도로건설사업의 영향

도로건설이 자연환경에 미치는 영향을 크게

분류하면 다음과 같다.

• 서식지 손실 : 가치 있는 서식지의 직접

손실, 영구 또는 일시적인 손실

• 서식지 분절화 : 서식지 단절에 따른 고

립, 이용가능 자원의 손실 등에 기인한

생물종 다양성의 손실, 녹지축의 단절 등

• 종 이동의 장애물 : 이동유형을 변경․방

제 8 편 환경시설 801 총 론


2010. 8

해하여 고립이나 도로사고 등

• 물리적인 변경 : 기존 서식지를 개선․강

화할 수 있는 기회 창출(연결성 재건, 새

로운 서식지 도입 등)

• 대기자원의 오염 : 먼지, 배기가스 등 오

염물질은 대기질 변화, 기후변화, 더 나

아가 동․식물에 잠재적 영향 초래

• 수자원의 오염 : 수맥차단 등에 의한 지

하수위변화, 도로유출수(기름, 중금속 등)

오염물질은 수질오염, 수생식물 및 동물

에 잠재적 영향 초래

• 소음․진동 : 조류 종의 번식 및 먹이공

급 등에 영향

• 인공조명 : 조명의 형태에 따라 긍정적․

부정적 영향

• 도입된 재료 : 서식지 변화

• 인간/자동차 존재 : 몇몇 종(섭금류, 물새

등) 시각적 방해

구 분 요 인

도로의 존재

공사용시설

공사의 실시

차량의 통행

유지관리작업

이 용 자

측구로의 추락 등

용지의 점용

생활· 행동권의 축소

환경요소의 변화

특이한 환경의 발생(조명, 약제 등)

충돌

채취·파괴

쓰레기 투기

개체 영향 개체군 영향 생태계 영향

사망

타지역으로의이동(동물)

도시형생물 등의타지역으로부터의

침입

기존종의감소·소멸

도시형생물등의 증가

지역 생물다양성의감소

도로가 자연생태계에 미치는 영향관계의 흐름

자료: 환경친화적인 도로건설 정책연구, 환경친화적인도로건설포럼, 2005

도로건설은 토공작업을 수반하는 사업이므로

이에 따른 간접적 �

Documents

2010. 8 · 도로설계편람제8편 환경시설편 2010. 8 도 로 설 계 편 람 제 8 편 환 경 시 설 편 2 0 1 0 8 발간등록번호 11-1611000-001165-01