Upload
others
View
1
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
foi;shmqj;a i`.rdj
2019 cQ,s 01
u; ÿr,d ks;s iekfiuq
wdishdfõ wka;¾ls%hd iy
úYajdih f.dvkeÕsfï
mshjr ms<sn| 5 jeks iuq¿j
meje;ajqfKa gðlsia:dkfha
ÿIdkafí iïuka;%K Yd,dfõ§'
fï ixpdrfha§ gðlsia:dk
ckdêm;s tfudfud,s rdfudka
iy YS% ,xld ckdêm;s w;r
oaúmd¾Yaúl idlÉPd o
meje;ajqfKa forfÜ wd¾Ól
ixj¾Ok yd wka;¾cd;sl
fjf<| lghq;= j¾Okh lr
.ekSfï wruq‚ka' fuys§ reishdkq
ckdêm;s õ,eÈñ¾ mqáx yuqúug
o YS% ,xldfõ ckdêm;sjrhdg
wjia:dj ,enqKd'
01 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
31
40
33
foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
ljrfha l;dj
34
37
12 u; ÿr,d ks;s iekfiuq
,dxflah iskudfõ bÈß wfmalaId
ixj¾Ok mqj;a rgg lSuudOHfha ld¾hNdrhla
l,d f,dj mEhQ Èÿ, ;drldúh
kfjda;amdok f,dalhgfõ.fhka tlaùu
iqjnr Èúhlg wejeis moku
03
05
08
rg fjkqfjka tlg isáuq
ÿïßh b;sydifha kj fmr<shla
fvdk,aâ g%ïma h<s n, igkg
29wfma iagqäfhdafõ
l;dj
26úúO;ajfha
Y%S ,dxflah i,l=K
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0102
ixialdrl uKav,hÿ' w' 011 - 2513757 $ 0112 - 513153úoHq;a ;emE, - [email protected]ÞyeÍfï wxYhÿ' w' 011 - 2515759$ È.=j - 232
WmfoaYl ixiAldrlkd,l l¨jejrcfhA m%jD;a;s wOHlaI ckrd,a
wëlaIK ixiAldrl;s,lr;ak ,shkmgne`os
ixiAldrlud,d u,aldka;s mrK.uf.a
iyh ixialdrl yd fidaÿm;alreKdr;ak wur;=x.
iyh ixialdrlufyaIsld osidkdhl
PdhdrEm ixialrKh rE rgd iy ljr ks¾udKhixÔj fm;a;djvq
úfYaIdx. f,aLlfhdawdkkao chisxy
fvdk,aâ fiakdër
YHdud ikaOHdkdhlf.a
ldxpkd isßj¾Ok
m%jD;a;s ks,Odßks,añ‚ m%kdkaÿ
l<ukdlrK iydhpJøsld .=KfiAlr
PdhdrEm WmfoaYliqo;a is,ajd
PdhdrEm Ys,amSka,laisß iqNdIK w,aúiA
huqks rYañld
o¾Yk lreKdr;ak
;=is; pkaøl=udr
t,a' tA' frdayK
fnÞyeÍfï l<ukdlreã' fla' ú;dkf.a
uqøKhrcfhA uqøK fomd¾;fïka;=j
m%ldYkh yd fnÞyeÍurcfhA m%jD;a;s fomd¾;fïka;=j
fj¿u 42" l,dmh 11" 2019 cQ,s 01
rcfha m%jD;a;s fomd¾;fïka;=j" 163" lsre<mk wejksõ"fmd,afyakaf.dv" fld<U 05'
zu;aøjH Ndú;h yd kS;s úfrdaë m%jdykhg tfrys cd;Hka;r Èkh
ieurSu fhoS ;snqfKa cqks ui 26 jeks Èkg hs' ta" i`oyd f,dj u
fm< .efioaoS Y%S ,xldj o cqks ui 23 jeksod isg cQ,s ui 01 jeks Èk
olajd cd;sl u;ao%jH ksjdrK i;shla m%ldYhg m;a lrñka ta i`oyd
lghq;= lf<a ckdêm;sf.a zu;ska ksoyia rglaZ ixl,amhg wkqj hñka'
Y%S ,xldj jir 2022 jk úg úI u;aøjHhkaf.ka 100]la ksoyia lr
.ekSu hs rcfha wfmalaIdj jkafka' ta i`oyd fï jk úg ±ä m%;sm;a;s
wkq.ukh lrñka lghq;= lsÍug wjOdkh fhduq ùu ;=< fmkS hkafka
u;aøjH iudcfhka ;=rka lsÍfï w;sYh ÿIalr;dj hs' fï ksid ±jeka;
u;aøjH md,k l%shdj,shla f.khEug hs isÿ j ;sfnkafka' ta w;r u
u;aøjH ksjdrK jevms<sfj< iu`.ska u;g weíneysjQjka mqkre;a:dmkh
lsÍug lghq;= lsÍu ;jÿrg;a úêu;a lsÍug o wjOdkh fhduq ù
;sfnkjd'
flfia fj;;a u;aøjH Wjÿßka rg .<jd .ekSug fujeks i;shla kï
lrñka ta i`oyd lghq;= lsÍu u m%udKj;a jkafka keye' tys§ ,nd .;a
w;a±lSï weiqßka uoHidr" ÿïfld< fuka u kS;s úfrdaë u;aøjH ue`v,Sug
wjYH bÈß l%shdud¾. Yla;su;a lr .ekSu hs jeo.;a jkafka'
j¾;udkfha u;aøjH ksid rglg isÿ jk wd¾Ól" iudÔh" ixialD;sl
yd foaYmd,k n,mEu .Kkh l< fkdyels ;rï' nd," ;reK" jeäysÜ
fNaohlska f;dr j u;aøjHj,g weíneysùu iudc m%Yakhla ;rug u Tvq
ÿjd we;af;a th Nhdkl jHikhla njg o m;a fjñka'
rgl ixj¾Okhg fhoúh hq;= uqo,a u;aøjH Ndú;h ksid isÿ jk
fi!LH .eg¨ wju lsÍu i`oyd jeh lsÍug isÿ jkafka kï" rfÜ
ixj¾Okhg fhoúh hq;= M,odhS Y%uh u;aøjH fya;=fjka rgg wysñ
ù hkafka kï" u;aøjH ksid rfÜ wmrdO /,a, by< hkafka kï iy
u;aøjH yryd f.da,Sh ;%ia;jdofha fijke,s wm fidhd tkafka kï
fuys we;s Nhxldr;ajh ms<sn`o ;j;a wgqjd àld wjYH jkafka keye'
fï ksid wjYH jkafka fï cd;sl l¾;jHh fjkqfjka rfÜ wdh;ksl
jHqyh taldnoaO m%fõYhlska ;u ld¾hNdrh ksis f,i bgq lrk w;r u
iEu mqrjeishl= u u;a Wjÿßka ñ§fï wdl,amuh ixj¾Okhla we;s lr
.ekSu hs' túgz u;ska ksoyia rglaZ f.dvke`.Sfï isyskh ienE lr .ekSu
h:d¾:hla lr .ekSfï ld,h jeä wE;lg fkdhkq we;s'
u; ÿr,d ks;s iekfiuq
- ixiAldrl -
03 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
ksoyiska miq fï olajd .ï
okjq k.r isidrd ck;djg
ks;r wefikafka ixj¾Okfha
y~ hs' tfy;a l=uk ixj¾Okhla
rgmqrd ;snqK o ck;d wjYH;d
bgq lr .ekSug lsysmúgla u
ria;shdÿ ùug isÿ jkafka kï thska
ck;djg M,la keye' Bg m%Odk
fya;=j f,i ldf.;a úfõpkhg
,lajkafka rdcH wdh;k ls%hd
mámdáfha wúêu;a nj yd
wld¾hlaIu nj hs' thg úi÷ula
f,i hs ckdêm;s f,alï ld¾hd,h
uÕska —rg fjkqfjka tlg isáuq˜
jevigyk ls%hdjg kexùug woyia
lf<a'
Èia;s%lalhl iuia; rdcH
wdh;kj, tluq;=fjka Èk 5la
;=< ck;d .eg¨ ksrdlrKh
lsÍu hs tys§ isÿ jkafka' mq;a;,u"
Èia;s%lalfhka ^2019 ud¾;= 18 isg 22
olajd& wdrïN jQ fï jevigykska
uvl,mqj ^wfma%,a 08 - 12 olajd&
wïmdr ^uehs 07 -12& uq,;sõ ^cqks
03- 07& hk Èia;s%lalj, ck;djg
fï jk úg bv m%ia:dj ,enqfKa
fuu`.ska m%;s,dN /ila w;am;a
lr.ekSug'
tys§ fláld,Sk j ixúOdkh
jQ úfYaI ixj¾Ok jHdmD;s fuka
u ;srir ixj¾Ok jHdmD;s o
ls%hdjg kexùu jeo.;a' zu;aøjH
ksjdrKh" zorejka iqrlsuqZ" zmßirh
iqrlsuqZ" zjl=.vq frda. ksjdrKhZ"
zcd;sl wdydr iqrlaIs;;djZ úfYaI
ixj¾Ok jHdmD;s hgf;a hs
ls%hd;aul jqfKa'
.%duYla;s jevigyk" È<s÷lu
msgq±lSu" jD;a;Sh ud¾f.damfoaYkh"
iajhx /lshd y÷kajd §u yd Kh
wdOdr m%Þkh ;srir ixj¾Ok
jHdmD;sj,g wh;a' ckdêm;s
f,alï ld¾hd,fha ld¾h uKav,
m%Odks wdpd¾h tÉ' tï' ysáfialr
fï jevigyk iïnkaOfhka
woyia olajñka¦ —uyck wjYH;d
bgq lrk we;eï wdh;kj, rch
ls%hd;aul lrk ixj¾Ok yd fiajd
imhk jevigyka ksishdldr j isÿ
rg fjkqfjka tlg isáuq
uyck wjYH;d bgq lrk we;eï wdh;kj, rch ls%hd;aul lrk
ixj¾Ok yd fiajd imhk jevigyka ksishdldr j isÿ
fkdjk wdldrh;a we;eï .eg¨ i|yd úi÷ï ,nd§fï § nrm;, m%udo isÿ
jk nj;a f;areï .sh lreKla' fï ;;a;ajh
u`. yrjd Bg hï úi÷ula ck;dj
<Õg u f.dia ,nd §fï wruq‚kq hs fï jHdmD;s ìys jQfha' fï jHdmD;s uÕska ck;d .eg¨j,g
tljr úi÷ï §ug yelshdjla fkd,enqK o .eg¨ ksrdlrKh lr .ekSfï jeä bv yirla ,eîu fuys§
jeo.;a'
foaY ú;a;sfoaY ú;a;s
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0104
fkdjk wdldrh;a we;eï .eg¨
i|yd úi÷ï ,nd§fï § nrm;,
m%udo isÿ jk nj;a f;areï .sh
lreKla' fï ;;a;ajh u`. yrjd
Bg hï úi÷ula ck;dj <Õg u
f.dia ,nd §fï wruq‚kq hs fï
jHdmD;s ìys jQfha' fï jHdmD;s
uÕska ck;d .eg¨j,g tljr
úi÷ï §ug yelshdjla fkd,enqK o
.eg¨ ksrdlrKh lr .ekSfï jeä
bv yirla ,eîu fuys§ jeo.;a'˜
u;aøjH wo jk úg uq¿ rg u
fj,d .;a ms<s,hla' fï fya;=fjka
u;aøjH cdjdrïlrejka kS;sfha
/yekg fldgq lr .ekSug
uyck iydh w;HjYH hs' fï
ms<sn| j iudch ±kqj;a lsÍu"
ksjdrK jevigyka" jeg,Sï yd
mqkre;a:dmk jevigyka uÕska
Tjqka kej; w¨;a Ôú; f.dvkÕd
.; yels wdldrh iðù j ixjdohg
,la lsÍu fuys§ isÿ jk m%uqL
lghq;a;la'
ks;r fofõf,a wikakg"
olskakg ,efnk m%jD;a;s
wkqj orejkaf.a iqrlaIs;Ndjh
iïnkaOfhka we;s jkafka úYd,
ìhla' fï ;;a;ajh ie,ls,a,g
f.k zorejka iqrlsuqZ hgf;a
ujqmshka" jeäysáhka" mdi,a
.=rejreka iy mjq,a fi!LH fiajd
ks,Odßka ±kqñka yd wdrlaIl
mshjr uÕska n, .ekajQfha
orejkaf.a wkd.;h Tjqka w; /¢
ksid' y÷kd fkd.;a jl=.vq frda.h
jHdma; ùu;a rgg uqyqK§ug isÿ jQ
m%Odk fi!LH jHikhla' frda.h
W;aikak ùug m%n, f,i n,mEï
lf<a tA ms<sn| fkd±kqj;alu hs'
fï ksid jl=.vq frda. md,kh yd
ksjdrKh muKla fkdj m%;sldr
fiajd Yla;su;a lsÍu" jl=.vq
frda. §ukd ,nd §u" cd;sl jl=.
vq wruqo, msysgqùu" tjeks mjq,a
i|yd Ôjfkdamdh ud¾. we;s lsÍu
wd§ mshjr /ila ls%hdjg kexjQfha
jl=.vq frda. ksjdrK cd;sl
jevigykg iu.dó j hs'
zmßirh iqrlsuqZ jHdmD;sh
o fï hgf;a ls%hd;aul jqKd'
tA i|yd m%cdj iyNd.S jQfha
hym;a yeÕSfuka yd Wkkaÿfjka'
mßir ixúOdk /ila iïnkaO lr
.ksñka fjr< ixrlaIK yd fjr<
msßisÿ lsÍfï jevigyka w;r;=r
me< fnÞ §u yd rela frdamKh
m%uqL j isÿ jQfha uvl,mqj"
mq;a;,u yd y,dj; wdÈ Èia;s%lal
flakaø lr .ksñka'
zcd;sl wdydr iqrlaIs;dZ
jevigyk ls%hd;aul jqfha
Èia;s%lalfha f.dú ck;dj yd
i;a;aj ksIamdolhka fjkqfjkq hs'
tA hgf;a lDIs hkaf;%damlrK yd
îc j¾. fnÞ §u isÿ flrefKa
f.dúhd Yla;su;a lsÍfï wruq‚ka'
;dlaI‚l ±kqu fnÞ foñka ji
úfika f;dr wdydr ksIamdokh
i|yd f.dúhka Wkkaÿ lsÍu;a tys§
isÿ flreKd'
zrg fjkqfjka tlg isáuqZ
hgf;a .%du Yla;s jevigyk
ls%hdjg kexjQfha m%cd md,s;
.%dufiajd jiï 5000la ks¾udKh
lsÍfï wfmalaIdfjka' .%dóh
ck;djf.a Ôjfkdamdh kÕd
isgqùug msgqn,hla jYfhka tla
.ul tla whl= fjkqfjka fjka
flrefKa remsh,a wg oyil
uqo,la' mq;a;,u Èia;s%lalfha
meje;s jevigykg iyNd.sfjñka
kd;a;kaäfha ixl nKavdr
mjid isáfha fujekakla'
—wfma Ôú; id¾:l lr .ekSug
fï jevigyk w;aje,la jqKd'
bÈßfha§ ud wdrïN lsÍug
wfmalaIs; jHdmdrhg wjYH
jHdmD;s ixúOdk ±kqu iy
;dlaIKh ms<sn| j ksjerÈ
wjfndaOhla ud ,nd .;af;a fï
jevigykska'˜
iajhx /lshd wjia:d újr
lr§u" Bg wdOdr Wmldr lsÍu"
/lshd mqyqKq wjia:d mq¿,a lsÍu
fuka u jD;a;Sh ls%hdldrlï
ms<sn| ±kqu iuÕ wjYH w;aje,
iemhSu .%du Yla;s jevigyfka
iqúfYaI;ajh hs' fuys§ jvd;a M,Þhs
m%;sM, ,enqfKa úúO wud;HdxYj,
m%;smdok u`.ska by; lS uQ,sl
f;aud hgf;a iuia; jevigyk
tlg tla j iyfhda.fhka
ls%hd;aul lsÍu ksid'
iïmQ¾K l< fkdyels iqúYd,
jev fldgila b;sß j we;s nj
rdcH wxYhg mila jQfha fï Èk
my wjidkùu;a iuÕ hs' by<
m%;sY;hlska ixj¾Ok b,lal
id¾:l lr .ekSug kï fkdmudj
rdcH fiajlhd ;u fiajdÞhlhd
yuqfõ fmkS isáh hq;= hs' fï wkqj
iuia; Èia;s%lal 25 u wdjrKh
flfrñka bÈßhg;a ls%hd;aul
lrk zrg fjkqfjka tlg isáuq
jevigykZ ck;d ys;iqj ms‚i u
id¾:l .ukl fhfokq we;e hs
wfmalaId lsÍu idjoH fkdjkq we;s'
rixc,sld khkydß r;akdhl
Èia;%slalhm%;s,dN ,enQ mjq,a
ixLHdjl%shd;aul lrk ,o jevigyka
ixLHdj
jeh l, uqo, remsh,a
mq;a;,u 313 104 690 15 375 527uvl,mqj 461 756 1 323 91 425 672wïmdr 546 270 2426 281 419 670.83 uq,;sõ 72 107 1208 10 558 862.5iuia; tl;=j 1 393 237 5 647 398 779 732
05 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
ÿïßh b;sydifha jir ;sylg
miqj YS% ,xldjg wdkhkh
lrk ,o ny¨ï m%jdyk .e,a
10la uehs ui 16 jeks Þ f.dv
ndkq ,enqfõ fld<U jrdfha
nKavdrkdhl m¾hka;fhka' tjeks
ny¨ï m%jdyk .e,a 20la furgg
wdkhkh lsÍug hs kshñ;' tA
i|yd uQ,sl;ajh orkafka m%jdyk
yd isú,a .=jka fiajd wud;HdxYh
bka§h Kh fhdackd l%uh hgf;a'
±kg YS% ,xld ÿïßh
fomd¾;fïka;=j i;=j we;s ny¨ï
m%jdyk .e,a ^Container Carrier Wagon& ixLHdj 25la' tu .e,a 1989
jif¾§ muK furgg wdkhkh
lrk ,oafoa Bðma;=fjka' wo jk
úg rg mqrd úúO NdKav m%jdykhg
fhdod .kafka tAjd mer‚ nj ksid
u úúO kv;a;= lghq;= o lrñka'
tu .e,a 25ka ±kg Odjkh i|yd
fhoúh yelafla .e,a 22 la muK hs'
ÿïßfhka NdKav m%jdykfha§ fï
wmyiq;d uÕyrjd .ksñka úêu;a
NdKav m%jdykhlg wjYH weKsh
jeälr .ekSu hs .e,a wdkhkh
lsÍfï wruqK' m<uq wÈhr hgf;a
f.kajk ,o m%jdyk .e,a 10 uÕska
wä 40l Odß;dfjka hq;a ny¨ï
m%jdykh l< yels w;r tl .e,l
jákdlu we'fvd' 84200la' wdikak
jYfhka th YS% ,xld uqo,ska remsh,a
ñ,shk 15la fjkjd'
tA wkqj wdkhkh lrk kj
.e,a jHdmD;sh uÕska fuf;la
ÿïßh fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska bgq
lrk ,o NdKav m%jdyk ld¾hh o
jvd fyd| ilS%h uÜgulska mj;ajd
f.k hdug ukd /l=,la jkq
we;s' ny¨ï m%jdyk ÿïßh .e,a
fuf,i ,xldjg f.k wdfõ Mile Aamama fk!ldfjka' tA iuÕ u
weKjqï lr we;s bkaOk m%jdyk
.e,a 30ka 5la o tu fk!ldfjka
u f.kajd ;sîu úfYaI;ajhla'
bka tla bkaOk m%jdyk .e,l
jákdlu we'fvd' 85500lg wdikak
jYfhka YS% ,xld uqo,ska remsh,a
ñ,shk 15'2la' tl .e,lska bkaOk
,Sg¾ 45000la m%jdykh l< yels
w;r óg fmr tjeks bkaOk .e,a
wdkhkh lr we;af;a 2008 jif¾§
mdlsia;dkfhka'
bkaOk m%jdykh i|yd ÿïßh
fomd¾;fïka;= i;=j fï jk úg
we;af;a mer‚ .e,a 160la muK hs'
bka Èkm;d Odjkh lrkafka .e,a
150la' tu .e,a 150ka .e,a 30la u
fhdÞ .kafka .=jkahdkdj,g wjYH
bkaOk ^Aviation fuel& fmÜg%,a
iud.fï isg lgqkdhl olajd
m%jdykh lsÍug' fï ms<sn| woyia
olajk r;au,dk ÿïßh l¾udka;
Yd,dfõ m%Odk bxðfkare hdka;s%l
lS¾;s fyajdú;dk —fld<U -
lgqkdhl w;r f;,a m%jdykh
iïmQ¾Kfhka u isÿ jkafka ÿïßh
fomd¾;fïka;=fõ bkaOk m%jdyk
.e,a uÕska nj fndfyda fokl=
fkdokakd ldrKhla' ±kg we;s
ÿïßh b;sydifha kj fmr<shla
fld<U - lgqkdhl w;r f;,a m%jdykh
iïmQ¾Kfhka u isÿ jkafka ÿïßh fomd¾;fïka;=fõ
bkaOk m%jdyk .e,a uÕska nj fndfyda fokl= fkdokakd
ldrKhla' ±kg we;s me/‚ .e,a 30la
Èkm;d tu ld¾hhg fhofjkjd' .=jka hdkdj,g wjYH
bkaOk ^Aviation fuel& iemhSu hs tu .e,a
uÕska isÿ flfrkafka'
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0106
me/‚ .e,a 30la Èkm;d tu
ld¾hhg fhofjkjd' .=jka
hdkdj,g wjYH bkaOk
^Aviation fuel& iemhSu hs tu
.e,a uÕska isÿ flfrkafka'˜
tA i|yd ÿïßh 04la
Ndú;hg .kakd w;r tu
ld¾hh iïmQ¾Kfhka
u isÿ lrkafka ÿïßh
fomd¾;fïka;=fjka'
tfy;a tu .e,a wjqreÿ
30- 40la me/‚ tAjd neúka
ksrka;rfhka u ,lajkafka
wdmÞjg' tu bkaOk ueÈß
we;=<; ì;a;sfha f;,aj,g
fkd.e,fjk tfmdlais
^Epoxy coating& wdf,am
lr ;sfnkjd' u,lv jeks
wmøjH bkaOkj,g ñY%ùu
je<elaùu hs tys wruqK' hï
wdldrhlska tjeks wmøjH
bkaOkj,g ñY% jqjfyd;a
th úYd, .eg¨jla jk ksid
lgqkdhlhg m%jdykh lrk
bkaOk .e,a ish,af,ys u
bkaOk .=jkahdkdj,g
fhoùug fmr mQ¾K
ridhkd.dr mÍlaIKhlg
,la lrk nj hs' ls¾;s
fyajdú;drK i|yka lrkafka'
fï wkqj wdkhkh lrk w¨;a
.e,a tA i|yd jvd;a fhda.H neúka
±kg mdúÉÑ lrk bkaOk .e,a
fjkqjg kj m%jdyk .e,a 30u tu
ld¾hh i|yd fhoùfuka .=jka hdkd
bkaOk m%jdyk ld¾hh jvd;a ilS%h
j isÿ jkq we;e hs hkak hs ÿïßh
fomd¾;fïka;=fõ wfmalaIdj'
,xldfõ fuf;la NdKav
m%jdykh l< .e,a b;d me/‚
neúka ny¨ï m%jdyk ld¾hfha§
úúO .eg¨j,g uqyqK§ug isÿ jqKd'
mer‚ .e,aj,g wu;rj ÿïßh
fomd¾;fïka;=fõ hdka;s%l wxYh
uÕska ks¾udKh l< .e,a 10la
muK ;sfnkjd' tu .e,a Wmfhda.S
lr .ksñka miq.sh ld,fha uhsfl%da
iud.ug wh;a ld¾ fmd,a.yfj,
isg yqKqmsáh olajd m%jdykh lrkq
,enqjd' tfy;a tu .e,aj,g úYd,
f,i nr mgjd m%jdykh lsÍu
wmyiq hs'
idudkHfhka ny¨ï m%jdyk
.e,l Wmßu jYfhka fgdka 40la
megúh yels úh hq;= hs' tA ksid mer‚
.e,a 22 fhdÞ .ksñka miq.sh ld,fha
mq;a;,u fyd,aisï isfuka;s iud.u
úiska ;s%l=Kdu,fha isg uyj olajd
úYd, jYfhka .,a wÕ=re m%jdykh
l< nj lS¾;s fyajdú;drK fmkajd
fok lreKla'
tl kejl .,a w`.=re i;s ;=klska
fyda udihlska fyda m%jdykh l<
yels ùu ny¨ï m%jdyk .e,aj,ska
lrk úYd, u ld¾h hs' ny¨ï .e,a
u.ska .,a wÕ=re" fmdfydr" fjk;a
wuqøjH m%jdykhg iy uqyqo je,s
m%jdykhg b,a¨ïlrejka bÈßm;a
ù we;s w;r bÈßfha§ ish¨
.e,a wdkhkh l< miq tu
wjYH;d imqrd,Su i|yd
.e,a 20la muK fhoùug hs
ÿïßh fomd¾;fïka;=fõ
n,dfmdfrd;a;=j'
bkaÈhdfjka wdkhkh
lrk ny¨ï m%jdyk
.e,aj,g wu;r j ;j;a
tjeks u .e,a 15la
m%Sud isf,dka iud.
fï uQ,H Þhl;ajfhka
Ökfha ^CRRL& iud.
fuka wdkhkh lsÍu bÈß
wfmalaIdj hs' ;s%l=Kdu,fha
isg fld<Ug;a" fld<U
isg .d,a,g;a msá m%jdykh
i|yd hs tu ny¨ï
f.kajkq ,nkafka' th
ÿïßh fomd¾;fïka;=j
mqoa.,sl wxYh iuÕ lrk
yjq,a jHdmdrhla nj hs
bxðfkare hdka;s%l lS¾;s
fyajdú;drKf.a i|yk'
Tyq woyia olajk wdlrhg
Lksc f;,a ixia:dj l<
b,a,Sulg wkqj i;shlg
Èk folla hdmkh olajd
f;,a m%jdykh lsÍug
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqj;a ta
i`oyd oekg myiqlï fkdue;s
neúka ish¨ .e,a wdkhkh
l< miq hs lkalika;=rh olajd
f;,a m%jdykh lsÍug wfmalaId
lrkafka' flfia fj;;a fï
jk úg bkaOk we;=¿ NdKav
m%jdykfhka jd¾Isl j ÿïßh
fomd¾;fïka;=j Wmhk wdÞhfï
m%;sY;h 2]la' lgqkdhl
.=jka f;dgqfmd<g .=jka
hdkd bkaOk m%jdykh we;=¿
wfkl=;a m%foaYj,g lrkq ,nk
bkaOk m%jdykfhka ÿïßh
fomd¾;fïka;=j fï jk úg 22]l
wdÞhula Wmhd ;sfnkjd' bÈßfha§
nyd¨ï m%jdyk .e,a yd bkaOk
m%jdyk .e,a wdkhkh;a iuÕ tu
Þhl;ajh ;jÿrg;a by< hkq we;s'
fvdk,aâ fiakdër
07 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
f.da,Sh WKqiqfuka ysud,h ìh fjhs
ms%hkacka iqf¾Ia o is,ajd
mDÓúh u;=msg WIaK;ajh by< hEu fyj;a
f.da,Sh WKqiqu by< hEu j;auka f,dalh
uqyqqK § isák ±jeka;u mdßißl .eg¨jla' f.da,Sh
WKqiqu by< hEug n,md we;af;a ñksia ls%hdldrlï'
ld¾ñl úma,jfhka miq jdhqf.da,hg uqÞyereKq
ldnkavfhdlaihsâ" ldnkafudfkdlaihsâ iy
laf,dafrda *a¨frda ldnka jeks úI iys; jdhqj,
n,mEu u; f.da,Sh WIaK;ajh l%ufhka j¾Okh
jqKd' fï ;;a;ajh úYd, jYfhka n,mEfõ W;a;r
yd olaIsK O%ejj,g' tAjdfha .a,eishr Èhfjñka tu
c,h id.rj,g tlafjñka mj;skjd' bka id.rfha o
WIaK;ajh by< .sh w;r miq.sh ishji ;=< uqyqÿ c,
uÜgu fikaáógr 17lska muK by< f.dia ;sfnkjd'
bÈßfha§ th fo.=K úh yels nj hs úoHd{hkaf.a
woyi'
f.da,Sh WIaK;ajh by< hEu ms<sn| kj;u f;dr;=re
wkdjrK jkafka ysud, l÷jeáfhka' .;jQ oiYl
fol ;=< tys .a,eishr Èhùu fo.=K ù we;e hs
úoHd{hka fmkajd fokjd' wêl WIaK;ajfha
n,mEu u; tys .a,eishr Èhùu ksid jirlg msgdr
.,k c,fhka T,sïmsla msyskqï ;gdl ñ,shk 3'2la
msrúh hehs Tjqka i|yka lrkjd' 20 jeks ishji
wdrïNfha isg fï olajd f,dj Wiu l÷mka;sj,
mj;sk whsia m%udKfhka wÕ,a 20la ^fi'ó 51la& iEu
jirl u wysñfjñka meje;s w;r 1975 isg 2000 w;r
ld,fha th fo.=K ù ;sfnkjd' f.jqKq 40 jir mqrd
pkaøsld ;dlaIKh weiqßka bkaÈhdj" Ökh" fkamd,h
yd N+;dkh jeks rgj,a Tiafia ysud,h l÷jeáh
iïnkaOfhka lrk ,o ksÍlaIKj,g wkqj fï
;;a;ajh y÷kdf.k ;sfnk w;r Bg n,md we;af;a
f.da,Sh WKqiqu wêl f,i by< hEu hs'
ld,h yd wjldYhg wkqrEm j .a,eishr Èhùu
idudkHfhka isÿjk kuq;a by< kÕsk WIaK;ajh
u; tajd Èhùfï m%jK;dj wêl ù ;sfnkjd' 1975
isg 2000 w;r ld,fha meje;s WIaK;ajhg jvd 2000
isg 2006 w;r ld,fha WIaK;ajh fikaáf.a%â wxYl
1lska ^*erkayhsÜ wxYl 1'8lska& by< f.diska' fï
ms<sn| m¾fhaIKfha fhÿKq úoHd{hka msßi ysud,h
l÷jeáfha .a,eishr 650la muK ksÍlaIKhg ,la l<d'
1975 isg 2000 w;r ld,fha tu .a,eishrj,ska wÕ,a
10l ^fi'ó' 25l& muK whsia m%udKhla wysñ ù ;sfnk
nj Tjqka y÷kd .;a;d' 2000ka miq tu m%udKh fo.=K
fjñka wÕ,a 20l ^fi'ó' 50l& muK whsia m%udKhla
jirlg wysñ fjñka mj;sk nj Tjqka fmkajd fokjd'
my< Wkak;dxYj, msysá we;eï .a,eishrj,ska
jirl§ wä 16l muK whsia ;Ügqjla wysó ;sfnk
nj o Tjqka y÷kd .;a;d'
—hqfrdamfha we,amaia l÷jeáfha o .a,eishr Èhfjñka
mj;skjd' 1980 isg tys WIaK;ajfha by< hEula
olakg ,enqKd' t;eka isg fkdkj;ajd u tys .a,eishr
Èhfjkakg mgka .;a;d' ysud,h l÷jeáfha whsia
Èhùu we,amaia l÷jeáfha ;rï fõ.j;aj isÿjkafka
keye' tfy;a .a,eishr Èhùfï ls%hdj,sh tl
iudkhs˜ hkqfjka tu m¾fhaIlhka i|yka lrkjd'
fu;rï by< l÷jeáj, jqj .a,eishr Èhùug n,mdk
m%Odk idOl jkafka fmdis, bkaOk oykh hehs
.a,eishr N+f.da, úoHd{hl= jk wdpd¾h fcdai*a Ishd
fmkajd fokjd'ysud,h l÷jeáfha we;sjk mdßißl
fjkialï fya;=fjka wdishdkq rgj,a /il ñ,shk
.Kkl ck;djg c, ysÕhlg wkd.fha uqyqK §ug
isÿjkq we;e hs tu úoHd{hka i|yka lrkjd'
mßirhmßirh
ms%hkacka iqf¾Ia o is,ajd
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0108
weußldfõ ó<Õ
ckdêm;sjrKh ,nk
jif¾ meje;aùughs kshñ;' fï
jkúg tys WKqiqu flfuka by<
hñka we;s wkaou oel.; yels hs'
Bg wÞ< ;j;a jeo.;a isÿùula
miq.shÞ isÿ jqKd' tkï ßmí,slka
mdCIsl j;auka ckdêm;s fvdk,aâ
fcdaka g%ïma Tyqf.a z2020
ckdêm;sjrK fufyhquZ ks,
jYfhka Èh;a lsÍu hs' miq.sh 18
jeks Èk Tyq ish m%pdrK jHdmdrh
Èh;a lf<a *af,dßvd m%dka;fha
´¾,kafvda k.rfha meje;s ±jeka;
foaYmd,k /<shlska' fuh g%ïmaf.a
wdOdrlrejka w;s úYd, msßila
iyNd.s jQ b;d id¾:l /<shla jQ
nj hs fndfyda udOH jd¾;d lr
;snqfKa' 2016 jif¾ fkdjeïnrfha
meje;s ckdêm;sjrKfhka
chf.k 2017 ckjdß udifha
ckdêm;s Oqrfha jev Ndr.;a
g%ïmaf.a m<uq Oqr ld,h wjika
jkafka 2021 ckjdßfha' thska
miq ckdêm;s moúhg m;ajkafka
lõo hkak ;SrKh lsÍu i|yd
ó<Õ ckdêm;sjrKh meje;aùug
fvdk,aâ g%ïma h<s n, igkg
kshñ; j we;af;a 2020 fkdjeïn¾
03 jeksÞ hs' tys§ ch.kakd
wfmaCIlhd wefußldfõ 46 jeks
ckdêm;sjrhd f,i 2021 ckjdß
udifha Èjqreï fokq we;s'
fï jkúg m<fjk fndfyda
wkdjels wkqj fmkS hkafka
g%ïma fojeks j;djg;a ckdêm;s
mqgqjg m;aùug fndfydaÿrg
bv we;s nj hs' Tyq úYd,
jYfhka úfõpkj,g ,la jk"
wdkafoda,kd;aul pß;hla jqj
o weußldfõ idudkH ckhdf.
ka nyq;rhla Tyqghs ;ju;a
leue;a; olajkafka' 2016 jif¾
ckdêm;sjrKfha§ g%ïma ish f;aud
mdGh f,i fhdÞ.;af;a zweußldj
h<s;a fYa%IaG;ajhg m;a lruqZ
(Make America Great Again) hkak hs' tA wkqj Tyq weußldkq
wd¾Ólh" weußldkq ixialD;sh"
weußldfõ wdrCIdj iïnkaOfhka
úYd, wjOdkhla fhduq lrñka fï
wxY jvd;a Yla;su;a lsÍu i|yd
mshjr .kakd njg fmdfrdkaÿ
jqKd' Tyq fï fmdfrdkaÿ bgq
fujr ckdêm;sjrKh
i|yd äfudl%ála
mlaIfhka kdufhdackd
Èkd.ekSu ms‚i fï
jkúg wfmaCIl
wfmaCIsldjka úis
fofkl= muK ;r.
lrñka isákjd' tA
w;ßka fcda nhsâka"
n¾ks iekav¾ia" lu,d
yeßia" t,sifn;a
fjdrka jeks whf.a kï
bÈßfhkau lshefjk
nj hs fmfkkafka'
úfoia ú;a;súfoaia ú;a;s
09 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
lsÍug ±ä W;aidyfhka lghq;=
lrk kdhlhl= nj weußldfõ
idudkH ck;dj w;r ;ju;a
úYajdihla we;s nj hs fmfkkafka'
weußldkq wd¾Ólh miq.sh
ld,fha b;d Yla;su;a ;;a;ajhlg
m;aùu o 2020 ckdêm;sjrKfha§
g%ïmag f,dl= jdishla ysñ lr
fokq we;s' fï wd¾Ól j¾Okhg
fya;= jQ idOl .Kkdjla mej;sh
o f.!rjfhka úYd, fldgila
g%ïmag ysñ ùu je<elaúh
fkdyels hs' 1969 jirg miq wvqu
ú/lshd m%;sY;h fï jkúg jd¾;d
jk nj hs i|yka jkafka' fuh o
g%ïmag úYd, jdishla ysñ lr Èh
yels idOlhla nj wuq;=fjka lsj
hq;= keye'
fï w;r wfußldjg
meñfKk ixl%u‚lhkaf.a iy
irKd.;hkaf.a m%Yakh;a ±ka
ld,hl isg u rg ;=< ks¾udKh
lr ;sfnkafka úYd, w¾nqohla'
fuh trg wd¾Ólhg fuka u
ixialD;shg iy wdrCIdjg
o n,mdk .eg¨jla f,i hs
ie,flkafka' g%ïma fï m%Yakh
o úi£ug ±ä W;aidyhla .ksñka
isák kdhlhl= f,i rfÜ úYd,
msßila w;r ms<s.ekSug ,la j we;s
njla fmfkkjd' ksoiqkla f,i
fulaisfldafõ isg wefußldjg
tk ixl%u‚lhka wju lsÍu
i|yd Tyq tu foaYiSudj yryd
;dmamhla bÈ lsÍug ie,iqï lsÍu
fmkajd Èh yels hs' flfia fj;;a
ixl%u‚lhska iïnkaOfhka
g%ïma olajk ±ä ia:djrh
udkj ysñlï ls%hdldßlhka
jeks md¾Yajj, úfrdaOhg iy
úfõpkhg md;% ù we;s nj o
i|yka l< hq;= hs' fuys§ o g%ïma
W;aidy lrñka isákafka Tyq 2016
ckdêm;sjrKfha§ PkaoÞhlhkag
,nd ÿka fmdfrdkaÿ bIag lsÍug hs'
Ökfhka weußldkq wd¾Ólhg
t,a, jk n,mEï wju lsÍu
i|yd o g%ïma úúO ls%hdud¾.
.ksñka isák w;r Tyqf.a fujeks
mshjr iïnkaOfhka o m%idoh
olajk úYd, msßila weußldj
;=< isákjd' Ökfhka weußldjg
f.kajk NdKav ksid weußldkq
ksIamdokj,g we;s b,a¨u
wvq ùu;a tA ksid wefußldfõ
l¾udka; lvd jeàu;a je<elaùu
i|yd miq.sh ld,fha g%ïma
úiska úúO mshjr /ila .;a;d'
Ökfha isg f.kajk NdKav u;
by< ;Sre nÿ mekùu;a tys§
lemS fmkqKq mshjrla' tfuka u
Ökh weußldfõ nqoaêuh foam,
fidrlï lrk njg wefußldj
fpdaokd l< w;r thg tfrysj
o mshjr .ekSug g%ïma iQÞkï
jqfKa' Ökh zuÜgq lsÍugZ Tyq
.ksñka isák fujeks ls%hdud¾. o
fndfydafokl= wkqu; lrk nj;a
±lsh yels hs' weußldj ;Sre nÿ
by< ouoa§ Ökh o weußldfjka
Ökhg f.kajk NdKav i|yd
o nÿ mekùug lghq;= l<d'
fï ksid fï jkúg forg
w;r fjf<| hqoaOhla we;eï
ksÍCIlhka fmkajd fokafka fuh
Ökhg muKla fkdj wefußldjg
o ydksÞhl njhs' fï idOl
ckdêm;sjrK ld,h jkúg ljr
n,mEï we;s lrkq we;a o hkak
;ju;a lsj fkdyels hs'
2020 ckdêm;sjrKfha§
;SrKd;aul u idOlhla jkq
we;af;a g%ïma wh;a ßmí,slka
mCIfha m%;sjdÈhd jk äfudl%ála
mCIfhka ;r.hg tk wfmaCIlhd
fyda wfmaCIsldj lõo hkak hs'
2016 § Tyq iuÕ tu mlaAIfhka
;r. lf<a ys,ß la,skagka' fujr
ckdêm;sjrKh i|yd äfudl%ála
mlaIfhka kdufhdackd Èkd.
ekSu ms‚i fï jkúg wfmaCIl
wfmaCIsldjka úis fokl= muK
;r. lrñka isákjd' tA w;ßka
fcda nhsâka" n¾ks iekav¾ia" lu,d
yeßia" t,sifn;a fjdrka jeks
whf.a kï bÈßfhkau lshefjk
nj hs fmfkkafka'
fojeks Oqr ld,hla
i|yd ;r.hg bÈßm;a jk
ckdêm;sjreka fndfyda wjia:dj,
chf.k we;s nj o trg
ckdêm;sjrK b;sydih wkqj
fmkS hk ldrKhla' miq.sh jir
50 l ld,h ;=< tA wdldrfhka
fojeks wjia:dfõ mrdch ù
we;af;a ckdêm;sjreka fofokl=
muK hs' tA 1977 jif¾ ckdêm;s
moúhg m;a ðó ldg¾ iy 1989
jif¾ tu moúhg m;a fcda¾Ê
tÉ'ví' nqIa tu fofokd hs'
ksyd,a mSßia
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0110
bkaÈhdj i|g hdug iQÞkï ùu
ms<sn| mqj; miq.sh Þ udOH
;=< wjOdkh Èkd.;a m%jD;a;shla
jqKd' cQ,s udifha 15 jeks Þ
bkaÈhdj zpkaøhdka-2Z keue;s
wNHjldY hdkhla .=jka.; lsÍug
kshñ; hs' tu hdkfha /f.k
hk zúl%ïZ keue;s l=vd i| hdkh
(lander) i|g f.dv neiSug kshñ;
iema;eïn¾ udifha uq,a i;sfha
muK' fï jHdmD;sh id¾:l
jqjfyd;a i| u;g hdkhla uDÿ
wdldrfhka f.dvneiai jQ isõjeks
rg njg bkaÈhdj m;a fjkjd' óg
fmr i| u;g hdkd f.dvniajd
we;af;a weußldj" fidaúhÜ
reishdj iy Ökh muK hs'
2008 j¾Ifha o bkaÈhdj i|g
zpkaøhdka-1Z keue;s hdkhla
heõj o tys§ i| u; uDÿ f.dv
neiSula (soft landing) isÿ jqfKa
keye' hdkhla if|ys mDIaGh
u;g lvd jeàug ie,eiaùu hs
tys§ isÿ jqfKa' tu lvd jeàfuka
hdkh úkdYhg m;a jqKd' tfy;a
th jqjukdfjka u isÿ lrk
,oaola jQ w;r bÈßfha§ Èh;a lrk
zpkaøhdka-2Z jHdmD;sh id¾:l
lr .ekSu i|yd wjYH mÍCIK
lsysmhla lsÍu tys wruqK jqKd'
pkaøhdka-2 hdkh ;=< ;j
l=vd hdkd folla /f.k hkjd'
tlla zúl%ïZ" wfkl zm%×kaZ'
m%Odk hdkh i| jgd .uka lrñka
isáh § zúl%ïZ hdkh hs thska
fjka ù i| u; f.dv niskafka'
zm%×kaZ hkq tA ;=< r|jd we;s
l=vd jdykhla n÷ wx.hla' th
ye¢kafjkafka frdajrhla (rover) hkqfjkq hs' zúl%ïZ i| u; f.dv
neiSfuka miq zm%×kaZ thska msg;g
meñK i| u; .uka lrñka úúO
m¾fhaIK isÿ lsÍug kshñ; hs'
zpkaøhdka 2Z hdkhg mDÓúfha
isg i| fj; .uka lsÍu i|yd
Èk 21 la muK ld,hla .;
fjkjd' B<Õg ;j Èk 27 la th
bkaÈhdj;a y`og hhs
11 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
pkaøhd jgd .uka lrñka isg
thska wk;=rej hs zúl%ïZ hdkh i|
u; f.dv niskafka' fï hdkh
f.dv neiSug kshñ; j we;af;a
pkaøhdf.a oCIsK O%ejh wdikak
l,dmhg hs' b;sydifha m<uq
j;djg hs fï l,dmhg i| .uka
hdkhla f.dv niskafka' bkaÈhdfõ
m%Odk wruqKla jkafka fï oCIsK
O%ejh wdikakfha we;s whsia ;Ügq
ms<ssn| m¾fhaIK isÿ lsÍu hs' Bg
wu;r j fjk;a iajdNdúl iïm;a
ms<sn| fidhd ne,Sug fuys§ woyia
lrk nj i|yka' fï oCIsK O%ej
l,dmh fï f.dvneiSu i|yd
f;dard .ekSug ;j;a úfYaI
fya;=jla ;sfnkjd' tkï tys§
hdkh wk;=rg ,la ùug we;s bv
wju ùu hs' l÷ m¾j; jeks ndOl
fï m%foaYfha t;rï yuq fkdjk
nj hs jd¾;d fjkafka' zúl%ïZ iy
zm%×kaZ ls%hd lrkafka iQ¾h n,h
wdOdrfhkq hs' fï l,dmh ysre
t<sh fyd¢ka jefgk biõjla ksid
th o hdkdj, ls%hdldß;ajhg ,nd
fokafka úYd, iyfhda.hla'
fï jkúg wNHjldY .fõIKh
i|yd n,j;a rgj,a w;r ;sfnkafka
;r.hla' tys bÈßfhka u isákafka
wefußldj iy Ökh hs' tfy;a
bkaÈhdj;a fõ.fhka bÈßhg tñka
we;s nj hs fmfkkafka' zpkaøhdka-
2Z jHdmD;shg wu;r j ;j;a m%Odk
fmf<a jHdmD;s lsysmhla ms<sn|
Tjqka wjOdkh fhduq lr we;s
nj mejfikjd' miq.sh Þ fï
ms<sn|j udOH yuqfõ wkdjrKh
lf<a bkaÈhdkq wNHjldY .fõIK
wdh;kfha m%Odkshd jk fla'
isjka' jir 2022 jkúg ñksil=
wNHjldYhg heùug mjd bkaÈhdj
iQÞkñka isák nj i|yka' tu
iu;alu o fï jk úg lr we;af;a
weußldj" fidaúhÜ reishdj iy
Ökh muK hs' fidaúhÜ reishdj
fjdiafgdla-1 hdkfhka 1961 wfm%a,a
udifha m<uq jrg ñksil= ^hQß
..dßka& wNHjldYhg hejQ w;r
weußldj o tu jif¾ u uehs 5 jeks
Èk fï iu;alu l<d' wNHjldYhg
.sh m<uq weußldkqjd jQfha we,ka
fIm¾â' Ökh uq,a jrg ñksil=
wNHjldYhg heõfõ 2003 jif¾ hs'
Tyq hex.a ,sfõ' bkaÈhdj ñksil=
wNHjldYhg heùfï jHdmD;sh
fjkqfjka bkaÈhdkq remsh,a fldaá
10"000 l uqo,la fjka lr we;s nj hs
jd¾;d jkafka' fï jHdmD;sh kï
lr we;af;a z..kahdkaZ hkqfjka'
wNHjldY
mÍCIKd.drhla Wvq
.=jfka /|ùu bkaÈhdj
wNHjldY .fõIK
fCIa;%fha w;am;a lr
.ekSug wfmaCId lrk
;j;a ch.%yKhla' fï
jkúg mDÓúh jgd .uka
lrñka ;sfnk cd;Hka;r
wNHjldY uOHia:dkh
(International Space Station) tjeks
m¾fhaIKd.drhla' th
weußldj we;=¿ rgj,a
lsysmhl iyfhda.s;dfjkq
hs ls%hd;aul jkafka'
bkaÈhdj iQÞkï
jkafka ;udf.a u
jQ wNHjldY mÍCIKd.drhla
wNHjldYfha /|ùug hs' bÈß
jir y; ;=< fï mÍCIKd.drh
bÈ lr wjika lsÍug Tjqka
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk nj mejfikjd'
fï wkqj wfma ióm u wi,ajeishd
jk bkaÈhdj o jeä l,a fkdf.diau
wNHjldY n,jf;l= njg m;ajkq
we;s'
ksyd,a mSßia
fï jkúg wNHjldY .fõIKh i|yd
n,j;a rgj,a w;r ;sfnkafka ;r.hla' tys
bÈßfhka u isákafka wefußldj iy Ökh hs' tfy;a bkaÈhdj;a
fõ.fhka bÈßhg tñka we;s nj hs fmfkkafka' zpkaøhdka-2Z jHdmD;shg wu;r j ;j;a m%Odk
fmf<a jHdmD;s lsysmhla ms<sn| Tjqka wjOdkh
fhduq lr we;s nj mejfikjd'
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0112
ljrfha l;djljrfha l;dj
u;ska f;dr rgla ks¾udKh
ùu hkq ixj¾Okfha ;j;a
tla udkhla nj f,dj u ms<s.;a
ldrKhla' fï ksid u;aøjH
Wjÿßka ±ä f,i neglk rgla
f,i Y%S ,xldjg o tu wNsfhda.h
ch .ekSug úYd, mßY%uhla ±Íug
hs isÿ j ;sfnkafka' jßka jr
n,hg m;a jQ rch úiska fï i|yd
úúO úi÷ï bÈßm;a lrñka u;aøjH
ksjdrKh i`oyd lghq;= l<
wdldrh b;sydih msßiaikakl=g
fyd¢ka wjfndaO lr .; yels hs'
flfia fj;;a j;auka rdcH
kdhlhd jk ckdêm;s;=uka fï
i|yd ,nd § ;sfnk m%uqL;dj
meyeÈ,s f,i fmkS hkafka
zu;aøjH ksjdrKh ms<sn| ld¾h
idOl n,ldhlaZo msysgqjñka tA
i|yd wjYH mQ¾K rdcH ueÈy;aùu
,nd § ;sfnk ksid' fï ld¾h
idOl n,ldfha m%Odk j.lSu
jkafka tys ;SrK l%shd;aul
lsÍu yd u;aøjH ksjdrKhg wÞ<
rdcH yd rdcH fkdjk wdh;k
iïnkaëlrKh lrñka zu;ska
ksoyia rglaZ jevms<sfj< l%shd;aul
lsÍu hs'
tys§ fï iïnkaOfhka f.dvkeÕS
we;s iudc u;h jkafka ksrka;rfhka
u; ÿr,d ks;s iekfiuqu;aøjH Ndú;
fkdlrkakl=" u;g
f.dÿre j th m%sh;dfjka
hq;= j iy i;=g f.kfok
fohla f,i i,ld Ndú;d
lrkakka foi n,d
isákafka ;uka o bv ,o
úg th w;ayodne,sh hq;= h
hk is;=ú,af,ka úh yels
hs' ;reK úfha§ fndfyda
fokd is;Sug fm<fUkafka
u;aøjH Ndú;h ;Dma;sh
f.k fokakla f,i'
wmf.a m<uq wruqK fï
is;=ú,a, ì| oeóu hs'
13 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
isÿ jk kS;súfrdaë u;aøjH jeg,Sï
yd w;awvx.=jg .ekSï uÕska
u;aøjH ksjdrKh i|yd lghq;=
flfrk nj' tu lreK jvd;a
;yjqre jkafka Èjhsfka kka
foiska Èkm;d u;aøjH jeg,Sï
yd w;awvx.=jg .ekSï isÿ jqj o
tys wvqjla fkdjkafka uka± hs
iudch m%Yak lrk neúka' fï
jerÈ wjfndaOh ksid ksrka;rfhka
rch fj; weÕs,a, È.= jk wjia:d
o ke;sjd u fkdfj hs' fï ksid
u;aøjH Wjÿr iudcfhka ;=rka
lsÍfï§ u;aøjH md,kh" ksjdrKh
yd mqkre;a:dmkh hk wxY ;=k
hgf;a u lghq;= flfrk nj
iy lghq;= l< hq;= nj iudch
±kqj;a lsÍfï wjYH;djla o u;q ù
;sfnkjd'
tA wkqj hs cqks ui 23 isg
cQ,s ui 01 olajd cd;sl u;aøjH
ksjdrK i;shla m%ldYhg m;a
lrñka tA i|yd lghq;= flrefKa'
fï i|yd wka;rdhlr T!IO
md,l cd;sl uKav,h" ÿïfld<
yd uµidr ms<sn`o cd;sl wêldßh"
fmd,sia u;aøjH ld¾hdxYh"
mqkre;a:dmk flduidßia ckrd,a
ld¾hdxYh" m%cd mdol úfYdaOk
fomd¾;fïka;=j" Y%S ,xld iqrd nÿ
fomd¾;fïka;=j jeks wdh;k fuka
u fm!oa.,sl wdh;k" iafõÉPd
ixúOdk" rdcH fkdjk wdh;k"
wd.ñl wdh;k iy úúO mqoa.,hka
tAldnoaO m%fõYhlska lghq;= lsÍu
b;d iqúfYaI hs' u;aøjH md,kh"
ksjdrKh yd mqkre;a:dmkh hgf;a
m%Odk ldrKd ;=kla wruqKq lr
.ksñkq hs tys§ l%shd;aul jqfKa'
tA" u;aøjHj,g weíneys ù kS;shg
fldgq ù o~qjï ,nk 11000lg
wêl msßi mqkre;a:dmkh lsÍu"
kS;shg yiq fkdjqKq u;aøjH Ndú;d
lrk ,laIhlg wdikak msßi thska
uqojd,Su fuka u ;reK mrmqr
u;aøjH Wjÿßka fírd .ekSu hs'
u;aøjH ksjdrK i;sh ;=<§
jeä jYfhka meje;ajqfKa u;aøjH
Ndú;fhys wd§k j ms<sn| ±kqj;a
lsÍï' mdi,a yd úYajúoHd, isiqka
iy wfkl=;a m%cd lKavdhï ±kqj;a
lsßug u;aøjH iïnkaOfhka
lghq;= lrk úúO wdh;k fuka
u ckudOH o tla j isáhd'
wka;rdhlr T!IO md,l cd;sl
uKav,fha ksjdrl wOHdmk yd
mqyqKqq wxYfha iyldr wOHlaI m%§ma
l=udr fldfyd,dkf.or mjikafka
±kqj;a lsÍu iu`.ska bka Tíng
.sh È.=ld,Sk jevigyka /ila
fï i`oyd wjYH nj' ;jÿrg;a
ta ms<sn`o woyia olajk Tyq(
— u;aøjH Ndú; fkdlrkakl="
u;g f.dÿre j th m%sh;dfjka
hq;= j iy i;=g f.kfok fohla
f,i i,ld Ndú;d lrkakka
foi n,d isákafka ;uka o bv
,o úg th w;ayodne,sh hq;= h
hk is;=ú,af,ka úh yels hs '
;reK úfha§ fndfyd a fokd
is;Sug fm<fUkafka u;aøjH
Ndú;h ;Dma;sh f.k fokakla
f,i' wmf.a m<uq wruqK fï
is;=ú,a, ì| oeóu hs'˜ fï
w;r wka;rdhlr T!IO md,l
cd;sl uKav,h úiska 1984
wxlh y÷kajd § ;sfnkafka
u;aøjH iïnkaOfhka jQ .eg¨
wef;d;a tAjd ksrdlrKh lr
.ekSfï myiqj uyck;djg
,nd §ug hs'
Y%S ,xldfõ ÿïmdkh .;a úg
th 15]lg jvd wvq uÜgul hs
mj;skafka' úfYaIfhka mdi,a
<uhska w¨;ska ÿïmdkh i`oyd
fhduqùfï wvq m%jK;djla
fmkajk nj hs ÿïfld< yd
uoHidr ms<sn`o cd;sl wêldßfha
iNdm;s ffjoH md,s; wfífldaka
i`oyka lrkafka' ÿïmdkhg
yd u;ameka i`oyd ±ä f,i
weíneys jkakka bka .,jd
.ekSug kS;suh miqìu ieliSu
hs ÿïfld< yd uoHidr ms<sn`o
cd;sl wêldßfha j.lSu'
ÿïfld< wdY%s; ksIamdok Ndú;
lsÍug we;s leue;a; ÿre
lsÍug;a ta i`oyd f.dvkef`.k
mßirh fjkia lsÍug;a hym;a
uÜgfï n,mEula isÿ lsÍug tu
kS;s u`.ska yelshdj ,eî we;s nj;a
iNdm;sjrhd mjikjd' 2006 wxl
27 ork ÿïfld< yd uoHidr ms<sn`o
cd;sl wêldß mk; wkqj tu
ksIamdok fnod yeÍu yd úlsŒu;a
;ykï' fï ms<sn`o m%pdrKh;a
kS;suh jrola jk w;r jrolrejka
w;awvx.=jg .ekSu iïnkaOfhka
o tys ;sfnkafka kS;suh m%;smdok'
ÿïmdkh iy ÿïfld< wdY%s;
ksIamdokj,ska je<lS isàug wjYH
mqoa.,hkag fkdñf,a Wmfoia iy
iydh ,nd .ekSug 1948 wxlh o
,nd § ;sfnkjd'
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0114
f.da,Sh ;;a;ajh
zu;aøjH Ndú;h yd kS;s úfrdaë
m%jdykhg tfrys cd;Hka;r ÈkhZ
cqks ui 26 jeks Èkg fh§ ;sîu;a
b;d jeo.;a' zhqla;shg fi!LHh-
fi!LHhg hqla;shZ fujr tys
f;audj hs' fujeks Èkhla m%ldYhg
m;a jQfha 1987 jif¾ ðkSjd kqjr
meje;s iuq¿jla i`oyd f.k wd
fhdackdjlg wkqj jk w;r 1989
jif¾ isg hs th ieufrkafka'
fï ksid uoHidr" ÿïfld< yd
kS;súfrdaë u;aøjH Ndú;h ;=rka
lsÍug iEu rgla u W;aidy
orkafka cd;Hka;r iïuq;sj,g o
t<öfuka tluq;=j tu wNsfhda.h
ch .ekSug'
u;aøjH ms<sn`o ;ks iïuq;sh
^1961 Convention on Drug Abuse&" ufkdaÑls;ail øjH ms<sn`o iïuq;sh
^1971 Convention on psychiatry &" u;aøjH iy ufkdaÑls;ail øjHj,
kS;súfrdaë .ukd.ukhg tfrys
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a iïuq;sh ^1988
United Nations Convention Against Ilegal Trafficking in Drugs And Psychotropic Sabstances & 2003 f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkfha ÿïfld<
md,kh ms<sn`o kS;suh rduqj ^WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control& jeks iïuq;s lf,l
isg fï i`oyd f.k ;sfnkafka
mshjr /ila' u;aøjH iy wmrdO
ms<ssn`o tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ld¾hd,h
(United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime)" id¾la rgj, u;aøjH
md,kh iïnkaOfhka fidhd n,k
ixúOdkh (SAARC Drug Offences Monitoring Desk) jeks wdh;k o
fï i`oyd iyfhda.h olajkjd'
uoHidr" ÿïfld< fuka u kS;s
úfrdaë u;aøjH f,i ie,flk
fyfrdhsx" .xcd" yIsIa" fldflaka"
fu;f*guhska" ufkdaj¾:l
u;aøjH mqoa.,hl= ldhsl yd
udkisl jYfhka msßySug m;a lrk
nj fndfyda fokl= fkdokakjd u
fkdfj hs' we;ul= fuys we;s wd§k
j ±k ±k u hs fïjdg weíneys
fjkafka' f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkh
úiska 2018 jif¾ ksl=;a lrk
,o u;ameka iy fi!LHh ms<sn|
f.da,Sh ;;a;aj jd¾;djg wkqj 2016
jif¾ ñ,shk 3lg wêl msßila
ñh f.dia we;af;a ydkslr u;ameka
Ndú;h fya;=fjka' th f,dalfha
urKj,ska 1$20 la jk w;r tu
urKj,ska 3$4la msßñ md¾Yajh
ksfhdackh lrk nj hs tys i|yk'
tkï frda. w;ßka 5]lg jvd
ysñlï lshkafka ydkslr u;ameka
Ndú;h hs'
fï fya;=fjka r:jdyk wk;=re
ksid ñh hdï" m%pKav;ajh"
udkisl fi!LH .eg¨ fuka u
ms<sld jeks frda. jeä jYfhka
jd¾;d jkafka by< wdÞhï
,nk rgj, nj hs tu f.da,Sh
jd¾;dj wkdjrKh lrkafka'
tfia u ì,shk 2'3la u;ameka îug
weíneysjQjka jk úg f,dj mqrd 15
- 19;a w;r <uhskaf.ka 27]la tjeks
weíneysjQjka ùu msgqmi ;sfnkafka
;j;a tla fÄokSh l;djla'
ÿïjeá ksid f,dalfha ñ,shk
7la jirlg ñh hkjd' Y%S ,xldfõ
ÿïjeá ksid ñh hk m%udKh
20000la' 890"000la ñh hkafka wl%sh
ÿïmdkh ksid' tfia u u;aøjH
ksid jirlg Y%S ,xldfõ 23000la
ñhhdu;a wjOdkhg ,laúh hq;=
;;a;ajhla'
m%;sldr yd mqkre;a;dmkh
u;aøjH md,kh yd
ksjdrKh hk ldrKd fuka
u l< hq;= wfkla jeo.;a
ld¾hh jkafka u;aøjH i|yd
weíneysjQjkag m%;sldr ,nd §u iy
mqkre;a:dmkhg fhduq lsÍu' fï
i|yd lghq;= lrkafka wdh;k
/ila iu`.ska fï lafIa;%fha ksmqK
jD;a;slhka' ta w;r mqkre;a:dmk
flduidßia ckrd,a ld¾hdxYh"
fmd,sia u;aøjH ld¾hdxYh"
u;aøjHj,g weíneysjQjka
mqkre;a:dmkh i|yd jQ cd;sl
wêldßh fï ld¾hh i`oyd tla j
isákjd' mqkre;a:dmk flduidßia
ckrd,a ld¾hdxYh hgf;a we;s
lkaoldvq m%;sldr yd mqkre;a:dmk
uOHia:dkfha§;a je,slkao fiakmqr
;D;Shl yd jD;a;Sh idlaIr;d
mqyqKq uOHia:dkfha§;a fï
lghq;= isÿ jkafka rgg jevodhS
yd M,odhS udkj iïm;la ìys
lsÍfï wruqKska' ta wkqj jirl
15 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
mqyqKqq ld,hl= hs Tjqka fj; ,nd
fokafka' u;aøjHj,g weíneys jk
ish¨ mqoa.,hka fï i`oyd fhduq
flfrkafka keye'
mqkre;a:dmk flduidßia
ckrd,a ld¾hdxYfha wOHlaI
fïc¾ ckrd,a wd¾' tï' fÊ' ta
r;akdhl mjik wdldrhg u;aøjH
cdjdrfuys fhfokakka w;awvx.=jg
.ekSï fuka u mqkre;a:dmkhg
fhduq flfrk m%udKh jißka
jir jeä ù ;sfnkjd' ta ms<sn`o
;jÿrg;a woyia olajk Tyq( —
mqkre;a:dmkh i`oyd fhduq jk
msßfika jeä m%udKhla ksfhdackh
lrkafka niakysr m<df;ka' miq.
sh j¾Ih ;=< fld<U Èia;%slalfha
mqkre;a:dmkh lr iudc.; l<
msßi 1200la' fï jk úg f,dalfha
lsisÿ rgla 100]la u mqkre;a:dmkh
lsÍug iu;a ù keye' fld<U
Èia;%slalfhka 45]-50];a w;r
m%udKhla mqkre;a:dmkh i`oyd
fhduq flfrkafka Èia;%slalh ;=<
mj;sk ;odikak nj fya;=fjka'
tfy;a miq.sh jir ;=< 60]-70];a
m%udKhla .%dóh j mqkre;a:dmkhg
,la flreKd'˜ fï jk úg t,a'
à' à' B' idudðlhka 12191l o
mqkre;a:dmkh lr W;=re kef`.
kysr m%foaYj, kej; mÈxÑ lr
wjika nj;a Tyq ;jÿrg;a fmkajd
ÿka lreKla'
fï w;r fmd,sia u;aøjH
ld¾hdxYh o u;aøjH i`oyd
weíneysjQjka mqkre;a:dmkhg
fhduq lsÍfï jevms<sfj<la Èh;a
lr ;sfnkafka u;aøjH ksjdrK
udih fjkqfjka' cqks ui 09 isg
cQ,s ui 08 jeks od olajd l%shd;aul
ld,h ;=< Èjhsk mqrd msysá m%cd
fmd,sia lñgq ;=< msysgqjd we;s
u;aøjH ksjdrK wkqlñgq uÕska
u;aøjHj,g weíneysjQjka y÷kd
.kakd w;r Tjqka mqkre;a:dmkh
i|yd fhduq flfrkafka 2007 wxl
54 ork u;aøjHj,g weíneysjQjka
mqkre;a:dmk iy m%;sldr i|yd
fhduq lsÍfï mk; uÕska' .%dóh
uÜgfï m%cd lKavdhï u;aøjHj,g
weíneysjQjka yd cdjdrïlrejka
y÷kd .ekSug tlajk ksid;a tu
u;aøjHj,g weíneysjQjka isák
mjq,aj, idudðlhka o ±kqj;a
lsÍug fuys§ lghq;= flfrk
ksid;a fï ld¾hh id¾:l mshjrla
f,i hs ie,lsh yelafla'
óg udi 3lg muK fmr
msysgjkq ,enQ cd;sl mqkre;a:dmk
wêldßh;a fï lghq;= úêu;a j
mj;ajdf.k hdug bÈßfha§ lghq;=
ie,iqï lrk nj hs tys lñgq
idudðl iuka; ls;,jwdrÉÑ
i|yka lf<A' m%cd mdol úfYdaOk
fomd¾;fïka;=j fï i|yd
tla jkafka u;aøjH iïnkaO
jrolrejka jQ m%cd úfYdaOk
wd×,dNSka úfYdaOkh lsÍfï
úfYaI jHdmD;sh wrUñka' tys§
wNsfm%arKd;aul u;a ksjdrK
WmfoaYkh hgf;a u;a ksjdrK
idhksl fyda fkajdisl m%;sldr
i|yd Tjqka fhduq lrk nj hs m%cd
mdol úfYdaOk fomd¾;fïka;=fõ
flduidßia wd¾' m’ tia' iuka
l=udß fmkajd fokafka' 2017 jif¾
wrUk ,o tu jHdmD;sfha udi
6l ld,hla ;=< 76]l m%.;shla
bka ,enQ nj hs wehf.a i|yk' tA
wkqj u;aøjH iïnkaOfhka jk
iq¿ jerÈlrejka nkaOkd.dr.;
lsÍfï§ we;s jk wêl ;onoh
uÕyrjd .ekSug;a ñka ,efnkafka
jeä bvla'
o~qjï yd úu¾Yk lghq;=
u;aøjH iïnkaOfhka kS;sh
l%shd;aul lsÍfï§ 1984 wxl 13
ork úIj¾." wìx yd wka;rdÞhl
T!IO j¾. ixfYdaOk mk; yd
udol T!IO ms<sn`o mk;" iqrd
nÿ wd{d mk;" ÿïfld< nÿ
mk;" wka;rdhlr T!IO mk;
ÿïjeá ksid f,dalfha
ñ,shk 7la jirlg
ñh hkjd' Y%S ,xldfõ
ÿïjeá ksid ñh hk
m%udKh 20000la'
890"000la ñh hkafka
wl%sh ÿïmdkh ksid'
u;aøjH ksid jirlg
Y%S ,xldfõ 23000la
ñh hkjd'
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0116
hgf;a fï i`oyd kS;suh m%;smdok
i,id ;sfnkjd' Y%S ,xld iqrdnÿ
fomd¾;fïka;=j fuys§ lghq;=
lrkafka iudc iqrlaIs;;dj
hgf;a hs' iqrdnÿ fomd¾;fïka;=j
iqrdnÿ jeg,Sï ia:dk 58la ;=<
fï i`oyd lghq;= lrñka isák
nj ksfhdacH iqrdnÿ flduidßia
^kS;sh l%shd;aul lrk& lms,
l=udrisxy mjikjd' 2018 jif¾
Y%S ,xld iqrd nÿ fomd¾;fïka;=j
u`.ska u;aøjH iïnkaO w;awvx.=jg
.ekSï .;a úg fldflaka iïnkaO
212la" lxid iïnkaO 3616la"
fyfrdhska iïnkaO 2176la iy
fjk;a idïm%odhsl fkdjk
u;aøjH iïnkaO mqoa.,hka 48la
w;awvx.=jg f.k ;sfnkjd'
f*aianqla iudc udOHh Ndú;fhka
kj u;aøjH w;awvx.=jg .ekSfï§
Y%S ,xld iqrd nÿ fomd¾;fïka;=j
mqfrda.dó ld¾hhla o isÿ lr
;sfnkjd'
fmd,sia u;aøjH ld¾hdxYfha
wOHlaI fcHIaG fmd,sia wêldÍ
à' iS' ta' Okmd, i`oyka
lrk wdldrhg fujeks jeros
iïnkaOfhka w;awvx.=jg .;a
mqoa.,hl= meh 24la muK hs r`ojd
.; yelafla' úu¾Yk lghq;= i`oyd
ufyaia;%d;a fj; fhduq l< hq;= hs'
1984 wxl 13 ork úIj¾." wìx yd
wka;rdÞhl T!IO j¾. ixfYdaê;
mk; wkqj úu¾Yk lghq;= i`oyd
fldÜGdi ndr fmd,sia wêldß fyda
tA iudk fkdjk ks,Odßhl=g
ufyaia;%d;af.ka b,a,Sula l<
yels hs Èk 7la r`ojd ;ndf.k
m%Yak lsÍug' tfia u rlaIs;
nkaOkd.drhl isákakl= wêlrK
ksfhda.hla u; m%Yak lsÍug;a
;sfnkafka yelshdjla'
tu mk; wkqj fyfrdhska
iy fldflaka Y=oaO nr .a?ï 2la
fyda Bg jeäkï" fuda*Ska .a?ï
3la fyda Bg jeäkï" ´mshï .a?ï
500la fyda Bg jeäkï Ôú;dka;h
olajd isr o`vqjï fyda urK o`vqjï
fyda ú`§ug isÿ fjkjd' nkaOkd.
dr.; jQjkaf.ka 60]la u;aøjH
jerÈj,g hs isr.; ù isákafka'
je/oao ms<sf.k fyda wêlrKfhka
jerÈlrejl= f,i ikd: jQ miq
,nd fok wksjd¾h fkdjk
isro`vqjula jir follg jvd wvq
kï fyda w;aysgjQ isr o`vqjula
fyda ovhla fjkqjg m%cd mdol
úfYdaOk wd{djla ksl=;a lrkakg
úksiqreg ;sfnkafka yelshdjla'
ufyaia;%d;a wêlrKj,g fuka
u uydêlrKj,g fï ksfhda.
n,d;aul lsÍfï yelshdj ;sfnkjd'
m%cd mdol úfYdaOk
fomd¾;fïka;=fõ flduidßia
wd¾' m’ tia' iuka l=udß i`oyka
l< wdldrhg ±kgu;a iq¿ je/È
iïnkaOfhka fyda ov uqo,a
f.jd .; fkdyels j hï wfhla
wêlrK ld¾hhlg fhduq ù isà
kï Tyq fyda weh úiska fyda ;u
kS;s{hd ud¾.fhka isr o~qjï
fjkqjg m%cd úfYdaOk wd×jla
b,a,d isàug ;sfnkafka yelshdjla'
bÈß l%shdud¾.
u;aøjH f,dalfhka ;=rka lsÍfï
wÈgkska lghq;= lsÍfï§ wfkl=;a
rgj,a urK o`vqju l%shdjg kxjk
nj wm okakd lreKla' weußldj"
Ökh" mdlsia;dkh" ijqÈ wrdìhd"
Bðma;=j" fidaud,shdj" isx.mamQrej
jeks rgj,a ±kgu;a th l%shd;aul
lrkjd' ta wkqj 2018 jif¾§
wju jYfhka rgj,a 21la urK
o`vqju l%shd;aul lr we;s njg
hs f;dr;=re wkdjrKh jkafka'
flfia fj;;a fï jk úg iudcfha
±ä l;dnyla f.dvke`.S ;sfnkafka
Y%s ,xldj o ta i`oyd tla ùug
;SrKh lsÍula iu`.' miq.sh od Y%S
,xld ckdêm;sjrhd m%ldYhg m;a
lf<a u;aøjH cdjdrug tfrys j
t,a¨ï.i l%shd;aul lsÍug ;uka
w;aika ;enQ nj' fï ;SrKhg
we;ul= tl`. jk úg ;j;a
mqoa.,hl= tl`. fkdjkafka th
ixfõ§ lreKla o jk neúka'
flfia fj;;a kS;súfrdaë u;aøjH
cdjdru ráka ;=rka lsÍug kï
17 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
mekúh hq;af;a ±ä kS;s Í;s'
fï ksid u;aøjH Wjÿr ráka
iïmQ¾Kfhka u ;=rka lsÍug
kï fujeks Rcq ;SrK .ekSu
wksjd¾fhka u l< hq;a;la'
Y%S ,xld iqrd nÿ mk; o
ixfYdaOkhg lghq;= fhdod
we;af;a u;aøjH md,kh" jeg,Sï
läkï lsÍu fuka u tu kS;s
Yla;su;a lsÍug' bÈßfha§ u;aøjH
iïnkaOfhka jQ jerÈ y÷kd
.ekSug kùk ;dlaI‚l WmlrK
f.kaùug o rch wfmalaId lrkjd'
tfia u u;aøjH cdjdru ue~,Sug
cd;Hka;r iydh ,nd .ekSug
wfmalaId lsÍu;a ie,lsh yelafla tA
i|yd ;sfnk ±ä wjYH;dj'
fï wkqj iudch mßydksh lrd
.uka lrjk u;aøjH j¾;udkfha
<ud yd ;reK mrmqr .s, .;a
úg rfÜ wkd.;h fln÷ fõ
o@ hkak wm yuqfõ ;sfnk
m%n, wNsfhda.hla' wfkla w;g
u;aøjH Ndú;h fya;=fjka msßyqKq
ldhsl yd udkisl ;;a;ajhlska
fmf<k ck;djla isák úg
rgl ixj¾Okhg th ±ä j
n,mdk w;r rgg jkafka nrla'
fï ksid f,dalh u uqyqK fok
fï .eg¨jg úi÷ï fiùug
kï rgla" rchla" wdh;khla"
mqoa.,fhla jYfhka fn§ fjka ù
fkdj lghq;= l< hq;af;a iduQysl
j' tA wruqK ch .ekSug kï
kS;súfrdaë u;aøjH Ndú;fhka
rg u uqojd .ekSug wm wo ojfia
isg u fm< .eiSu wjYH hs'
fï ksid f.jqKq cd;sl u;aøjH
ksjdrK i;sfha§ jvd ±kqj;a
iudchla f.dvkeÕSfuka wm ,nd
.;a fï m%fõYh jvd;a M,ÞhS
jkafka th Ndú;hg f.k zu;ska
ksoyia rglaZ f.dvkeÕSug wmf.a
Þhl;ajh ,nd §fuka wm i;=
hq;=lu yd j.lSu bgq l<fyd;a
muK hs'
ud,d u,aldka;s mrK.uf.a
ckdêm;s;=ukaf.a zu;ska ksoyia rglaZ ixl,amh wkqj hñka
l%shd;aul jk u;aøjH ksjdrK ckdêm;s ld¾h idOk n,ldh
hs u;a Wjÿr ráka ;=rka lsÍfï cd;sl l¾;jHh ;=< uQ,sl;ajh f.k
lghq;= lrkafka' tys kdhl;ajh yd iDcq wëlaIKh hgf;a Èjhsk u
wdjrKh jk mßÈ u;aøjH
ksjdrK jevigyka id¾:l
j l%shd;aul jkafka m%;sm;a;s"
kS;s iïmdokh yd l%shd;aul
lsÍu fuka u ksjdrKh"
m%;sldr yd mqkre;a:dmkh
hk mshjr Tiafia hs'
tys§ cqks ui 23 jeks Èk
isg cq,s ui 01 jeks Èk olajd
m%ldYhg m;a flreKq cd;sl
u;aøjH ksjdrK i;sh ;=<
l%shd;aul lf<a jevigyka
/ila' ta" fï jk úg;a rg ;=< l%shd;aul flfrk cd;sl u;aøjH
ksjdrK jevigyka ;j ;j;a Yla;su;a lsÍfï wruq‚ka'
fuys§ m%uqL;dj ,ndÿkafka Y%S ,xldj ;=< u;aøjH i|yd we;s b,a¨u
wju lsÍug;a u;aøjH iemhqu wvd, lsÍug;a wjYH mshjr .ekSug
hs' u;aøjH Ndú;hg weíneys ù isák fndfyda msßila läkñka
mqkre;a:dmkh i|yd fhduq lsÍfï jevigykla o l%shd;aul lf<a
túg u;aøjH cdjdrïlrejkayg mdßfNda.slhka fidhd .ekSfï bvlv
wyqrd,sh yels neúka'
fï cd;sl u;aøjH ksjdrK jevigyfka ìï uÜgfï isg cd;sl
uÜgu olajd isria yd ;sria iïnkaO;dj iy;sl lrñka taldnoaO
u;a ksjdrK ld¾h idOkfha m%uqLhd
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0118
jevigyka ieliSu" l%shd;aul
lsÍu yd miq úmru isÿ lrkafka
fï ckdêm;s ld¾hh idOk
n,ldh hs' fï i|yd fjka
flfrk m%;smdok l<ukdlrKh
lsÍu;a fuys wdh;ksl
ld¾hNdrhla'
tfuka u rdcH yd rdcH
fkdjk wdh;k i|yd iïm;a
odhlhka mqyqKq lsÍu" wOHdmk
wdOdrl ilia lsÍu yd fnodyeÍu
uÕska u;aøjH ksjdrK lghq;=j,§
oekqj;a ùu úêu;a lsÍug o
u;aøjH ksjdrK ckdêm;s
ld¾h idOk n,ldh isÿ lrk
ld¾hNdrh iqúfYaI hs' fï ms<sn|
m%pdrK lghq;=j,§ o olajkafka
by< odhl;ajhla'
fï whqßka zu;ska ksoyia Y%S
,xldjlaz ìys lsÍug wjYH miqìu
ieliSu Tiafia u;aøjH ksjdrK
ckdêm;s ld¾h idOk n,ldfha
wfmalaIdj ish¨ Y%S ,dxlslhkaf.a
fi!LH hymeje;au ÈhqKq lsÍu"
ksIamdok M,odhs;dj jeä lsÍu yd
È<s÷lu msgqoelSu i|yd il%Sh j
Þhl ùu hs'
ldxpkd isßj¾Ok
rdcH yd rdcH fkdjk
wdh;k i|yd iïm;a
odhlhka mqyqKq lsÍu"
wOHdmk wdOdrl ilia
lsÍu yd fnodyeÍu
uÕska u;aøjH ksjdrK
lghq;=j,§ oekqj;a ùu
úêu;a lsÍug o u;aøjH
ksjdrK ckdêm;s
ld¾h idOk n,ldh
isÿ lrk ld¾hNdrh
iqúfYaI hs'
wka;rdhl T!IO md,l cd;sl
uKav,fha ld¾hh jkafka
u;a Wjÿfrys ne?reï nj iy bka
je<lS isák wkaou ms<sn| m‚úvh
iudc.; lsÍu hs' tys§ tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a u;aøjH iy wmrdO
ms<sn| ld¾hdxYh" f,dal fi!LH
ixúOdkh" f.da,Sh jYfhka u;aøjH
ksjdrKh iïnkaOfhka lghq;=
lrk wfkl=;a wdh;k ms<s.kakd
jQ ksYaÑ; rduqjla hgf;a wjOdkh
fhduq lsÍu jeo.;a'
ta i|yd ueÈy;aúh hq;= wxY
16la ;sfnkjd' mdi,a wOHdmkh
yodrkakka" mdi,a yer.sh iy
mdi,aj,ska bj;a l<" úêu;a
f,i oyï wOHdmkh ,nk
msßi" oaù;shsl wOHdmkh ,nk
;reK msßi ^jhi wjq 12 isg
18 olajd msßi o jhi wjqreÿ
24 olajd jhia ldKavfha isák
msßi& u;a Wjÿrg f.dÿre ùfï
bvlv jeä ksid Tjqka ms<sn`o
fuys§ úfYaI wjOdkhla fhduq
l< hq;= hs' ;D;sl wOHdmkh
,nk iy kj fh!jfkdaofha
miqjk lKavdhu" fi!LH wxYh
wd§ wxY o Bg wh;a' úfYaIfhka
ksjdrl wOHdmk yd mqyqKq
wxYh hs fï iïnkaOfhka
lghq;= lrkafka' tys§ u;aøjH
Ndú;h i|yd fm<Uùug we;s
bvlv wyqrd,Su hs wmf.a m<uq
wNsm%dh'
fojeks j wjOdkh fhduq
jkafka" u;aøjH Ndú;hg fhduq
ùfuka miq b|ysg muKla u;aøjH
Ndú; lrkakka bka uqod .ekSug
lghq;= lsÍug hs' u;aøjH ffoksl
j Ndú; lrkakka u;a Wjÿßka
uqod .ekSu t;rï myiq lghq;a;la
fkdjk w;r m%;sldr l%uhlg
fyda WmfoaYkhg fhduq lrúh
hq;= hs' u;aøjH i|yd weíneysjQjka
fjkqfjka fjka j we;s fm!oa.,sl
m%;sldr uOHia:dk ish,a, n,m;%
,nd.; hq;af;a wka;rdhlr T!IO
md,l cd;sl uKav,fhka'
tfia u tu wdh;kj, m%ñ;sh
ms<sn| j o wm fhduq lrkafka
úfYaI wjOdkhla' jir mqrd u
m%§ma l=udrfldfyd,dkf.oriyldr wOHlaIlksjdrl wOHdmk yd mqyqKq wxYhwka;rdhlr T!IO md,l cd;sl uKav,h
u;aøjH i|yd weíneys j isákakka m%;sldr i|yd fhduq lrùfï wruqK we;sj úfYaI m%pdrl
jevigykla l%shd;aul lsÍu tys§ jeo.;a'
jvd ±kqj;a iudchla
f.dv ke.sh hq;=hs
19 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
ldxpkd isßj¾Ok
úúO lKavdhï b,lal lr.ksñka
u;aøjH ksjdrK jevigyka
l%shd;aul lsÍu wka;rdhlr T!IO
md,l cd;sl uKav,h isÿ lrk
w;r tu l¾;jHfha§ fiiq rdcH
wdh;kj,ska fiau rdcH fkdjk
wdh;kj,ska o ,efnkafka fkdu|
iyfhda.hla'
u;aøjH ksjdrK i;shg
iu.dój;a wm jevigyka /ila
isÿ l<d' u;a Wjÿr jeä jYfhka
n,mEï t,a, lrk m%foaY jk
Tfífialrmqr" nKavdrkdhlmqr
iy rdc.sßh wjg m%foaYj,
ksfjiska ksfjig hñka" u;aøjH
i|yd weíneys j isákakka m%;sldr
i|yd fhduq lrùfï wruqK
we;sj úfYaI m%pdrl jevigykla
l%shd;aul lsÍu tys§ jeo.;a'
m;,a lïlrejka" j;=
lïlrejka" ;%S frdao r:
ßhÿrka" niar: ßhÿrka iy
fldkafodia;rjreka" mdi,a
YsIHhka" úYajúoHd, YsIHhka we;=¿
lKavdhï /ila b,lal lr.ksñka
fï jevigyka Èh;a jQfha Èjhsfka
m<d;a kjh u wdjrKh jk
wkaoñka'
f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkh úiska ÿïfld< md,kh i|yd iïuq;shla
bÈßm;a lf<a 2003 jif¾§ hs' Y%S ,xldj tu iïuq;shg uq,ska
u w;aika ;enQ rgj,a w;ßka tlla jk w;r tu iïuq;shg wkq.; fjñka
furg md¾,sfïka;=fõ iïu; l< 2006 wxl 27 ork ÿïfld< yd uoHidr
ms<sn| cd;sl wêldÍ mk;g wkql+, j Y%S ,xldj ;=< ÿïfld< yd uoHidr
ksjdrKh ms<sn| j kS;suh lreKq l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd ia:dms; lrk ,o
wdh;kh jkafka ÿïfld< yd uoHidr ms<sn| cd;sl wêldßh hs'
uyck fi!LH wdrlaId lsÍfï woyiska ÿïfld< iy uoHidr ms<sn|
cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla y÷kdf.k l%shd;aul lsÍu;a ÿïfld< ksIamdok
iy uoHidr ksIamdok wf,úh iy mßfNdackh ;lafiare lsÍfuka iy
iólaIKh lsÍfuka ÿïfld< iy uoHidr wdY%s; ydks ;=rka lsrSu;a
fuysoS jeo.;a' tfiau <uhska ÿïmdkhg yd uoHidr Ndú;hg fhduq
ùu wffO¾hu;a lsÍfï úêúOdk we;=<;a lsÍu ms‚i Tjqka ÿïfld<
ksIamdokj,g iy uoHidr ksIamdokj,g m%fõY ùug we;s ud¾. ySk
lSßfï l%shdud¾. ie,iSu;a tu wêldßfha wruqKq w;r fjkjd'
tu wruqKq idlaId;a lr.ekSu fjkqfjka tla mshjrla f,i cqks
19 jeks Èk isg i;shla uq¿,af,a ÿïfld< yd ÿïjeá ms<sn| cd;sl
wêldßh úiska ÿïfld< Ndú;fhka bj;aùug fm<Uùfï iy is,a,r
fjf<kaokaf.ka ÿïfld< úlsŒfuka je<lS isák f,i b,a,Sfï §m
jHdma; jevigykla o l%shd;aul l<d'
tys fojeks mshjr f,i l%shd;aul jQfha ÿïjeá iy ÿïfld< wdY%s;
ksIamdok úlsŒfuka wod< i;sh ;=< je<lS isák f,i .%duks,OdÍka
iy uyck fi!LH mÍlaIljreka ud¾.fhka" tu ksIamdok wf,ú lrk
fjf<kaokaf.ka b,a,d isàu hs' ta wkqj fndfyda msßila tu b,a,Sug
tlÕ;ajh m<lrñka lghq;= lsÍu úfYaI;ajhla'
fï jk úg Y%S ,xldfõ k.r 150l muK ÿïjeá úlsŒu kj;d
;sfnkjd' ÿïfld< Ndú;fhka isÿjk ydksh ms<sn| oekqj;a lsÍfï
jevigyka jeä jYfhka meje;afjkafka tu ;;a;ajh ;jÿrg;a j¾Okh
lr.ekSfï mrud¾:fhka' fuys§ úoHq;a udOHh o fuu l¾;jHhg tla
j isáhd' fï i;sh ;=< l%shd;aul jevigykaj, iqúfYaI;ajh jQfha tys
m%;sM," wvq¨yqvqlï" isÿ l< hq;= fjkialï" ÿïfld< iud.fuka iy
miq úmru wjYH hsffjoH md,s; wfífldakaiNdm;sÿïfld< yd uoHidr ms<sn| cd;sl wêldßh
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0120
ÿïfld< fjf<kaokaf.ka t,a,
jk n,mEï ms<sn| j ÿïfld< yd
uoHidr ms<sn| cd;sl wêldßh
iy fi!LH wud;HxYh tla j miq
úmrula isÿ lsÍu hs'
ñka bÈßhg;a ÿïfld< wdY%s;
ksIamdok úlsŒu keje;aùu
i|yd wLKav j mshjr .ekSug
wm lghq;= lrkjd' tys§ ÿïfld<
wdY%s; ksIamdokj,g we;s b,a¨u
iy iemhqu wvq lsÍu fjkqfjka
mdi,a wjg óg¾ 100l iSudj
we;=<; ÿïfld< wdY%s; ksIamdok
ms<sn| m%pdrK isÿ lsÍug fyda
úlsŒug fyda fkdyels jk mßÈ
mkjd ;sfnkafka úêúOdk'
tfia u ÿïîug bvyir we;s
ia:dk wju lsÍu o wruqKla' 2006
wxl 27 ork ÿïfld< yd uoHidr
ms<sn| cd;sl wêldÍ mk;g
wkql+, j jrola f,i ie,flk
lreKla iïnkaOfhka mqoa.,hka
w;awvx.=jg .ekSfï n,;, o
;sfnkjd' tmuKla fkdj ÿïmdkh
iy ÿïfld< wdY%s; ksIamdokj,ska
je<lS isàug wjYH;dj we;s ´kEu
whl=g 1948 ÿrl:k wxlh Tiafia
fkdñf,a Wmfoia ,nd.ekSfï
myiqlï o ;sfnkjd'
ldxpkd isßj¾Ok
uyck fi!LH wdrlaId lsÍfï woyiska ÿïfld<
iy uoHidr ms<sn| cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla y÷kdf.k
l%shd;aul lsÍu;a ÿïfld< ksIamdok iy uoHidr ksIamdok wf,úh iy mßfNdackh ;lafiare
lsÍfuka iy iólaIKh lsÍfuka ÿïfld< iy
uoHidr wdY%s; ydks ;=rka lsrSu;a fuysoS jeo.;a'
úI u;aøjH iy wfkl=;a
ufkdaj¾:l u;aøjH
iïnkaOfhka wkq.; j lghq;=
lsÍug hs 1973 wfm%a,a 01 jeks
Þ fmd,sia u;aøjH ld¾hdxYh
werfUkafka' tA" 1929 wxl 14
ork úIj¾." wìx yd wka;rdÞhl
T!IO j¾. mk; wkqj' tys 1984
wxl 13 ork ixfYdaê; mk; hs
fï jk úg l%shd;aul jkafka'
fï wkqj fmd,sia u;aøjH
ld¾hdxYfha ld¾hNdrh jkafka úI
u;aøjH uevmeje;aùu yd je<elaùu
hs' md,kh lrk ,o u;aøjH yd
;ykï u;øjH f,i fuh fohdldr
fjkjd' th mshjr 4la Tiafia hs
l%shd;aul jkafka' fuysoS m<uq jeks
mshjr f,i je<elaùu hgf;a isÿ
jkafka fuf;la weíneys ù ke;s
tfy;a weíneysùug wjodkula
we;s msßia y÷kdf.k Tjqka thska
uqojd,Su hs' fuys b,lal.;
msßi jkafka jhi wjqreÿ 16-
18;a w;r ;reK msßi hs' u;aøjH
cdjdrïlrejka" fnÞyßkakka yd
f.kajk wh w;awvx.=jg .ekSu
fojeks mshjr hs' wêlrK l%shdud¾.
iy u;aøjHj,g weíneysjQjka
mqkre;a;dmkh i|yd fhduq lsÍu
isõjeks mshjr hs' th isÿ lrkafka
2007 wxl 54 ork u;aøjHj,g
weíneysjQjka mqkre;a:dmk iy
m%;sldr i|yd fhduq lsÍfï mk;
uÕska'
fï mshjr l%shd;aul lsÍu
Tiafia wfmalaId lrkafka u;aøjH
jeg,Sï yd taldnoaO fufyhqï id¾:lhs
21 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
i|yd b,a¨u wvd, lsÍu iy
u;aøjH iemhqu wvd, lsÍu
hs' fyfrdhska i`oyd hs jeä u
weíneysjQjka jd¾;d jkafka' ta"
70000la muK' flfia fj;;a
,xldfõ .xcd we;=¿ úI u;aøjH
Ndú; lrkakkaf.a m%;sY;h
2]la muK hs' ldka;djkaf.a
Ndú;h wvq m%udKhl mej;Su hs
thg fya;=j' Y%S ,xldfõ jeä u
weíneysùu isÿ ù we;af;a is./Ü
yd .xcdj,ska' is./Üj, úI ridhk
2000la muK we;s w;r bka 69la
ms<sldldrl nj iólaIKj,ska
fidhdf.k ;sfnkjd' mdi,a úIh
ud,dfõ fï ms<sn`o wjOdkh
fhduq fkdlsÍu wvqjla' fï ksid
6 jißka by< isiqka msßñ iy ñY%
mdi,aj, ±kqj;a lsÍug i;shg tla
ld, mßÉfþohla b,a,d ;sfnkjd'
wm cd;sl u;ao%jH ksjdrK
i;shg wu;r j u;aøjH ksjdrK
udihla kï lr ;sfnkjd' ta"
cqks ui 09- cQ,s 08 olajd' tys§
pl%f,aL folla u`.ska tu udih
;=< lghq;= l< hq;= wdldrh
bosrsm;a lr ;sfnkjd'
tla pl%f,aLkhla hgf;a úI
u;aøjH iïnkaOfhka jeg,Sï
iy taldnoaO fufyhqï isÿ lrk
w;r ta ms<sn`o i;s jd¾;d ,nd
.ksñka úu¾Ykhl fhfokjd' ta
ms<sn`o ±kqj;a lsÍfï jevigyka
iy udOH Tiafia m%pdrK lghq;=
isÿflfrkjd' ta wkqj cqks 9- 15
olajd i;sh ;=< muKla úIu;aøjH
iïnkaOfhka w;awvx.=jg .ekSï
5141la jd¾;d ù ;sfnkjd'
bka 1347la fyfrdhska' flfia
fj;;a fmr jir lsysmh yd
ii`ok úg w;awvx.=jg .ekSï jeä
jqj o Ndú;fha olakg ,efnkafka
wvqjla' wfkla pl%f,aLh u`.ska
isÿ jkafka mqkre;a:dmk l%shdj,sh
hs' wm isÿ lrkafka fï i`oyd
fhduq lsÍu muK hs' jirlg
u;g wenaneysjQjka 5000la
mqkre;a:dmkh fjkjd' tfy;a
myiqlï m%udKj;a keye' fï ksid
u;aøjH ksjdrK udih fjkqfjka
m%cd fmd,sia lñgq 14068 ;=<
msysgqjd ;sfnk u;aøjH ksjdrK
wkqlñgqjg mejÍ ;sfnkafka
iqúfYaI ldrhNdrhla' tys§ .%du
ks,Odßka" m%cd úfYdaOk ks,Odßka"
;reK fiajd ks,Odßka" iafõÉPd
ixúOdk l%shdldßlhka" l%Svd
ks,Odßska" .%dóh m%cd fmd,sia lñgq
iNdm;sjre" wkqlñgq idudðlhka
we;=¿ lKavdhï 12la Bg tla j
;sfnkjd'
u;aøjH i`oyd weíneysjQjka
iy cdjdrïlrejka ms<ssn`o
f;dr;=re ,nd §u" ±kqj;a lsÍï
2007 wxl 54 ork mk; wkqj
fmd,sish iu`. tla j lghq;=
lsÍu Tjqka fj; mejfrk
ld¾hhka' fuys§ mqkre;a:dmkhg
fhduq lsÍu i`oyd ffjµ jd¾;d
iu`. tu mqoa.,hka bÈßm;a
l< hq;= hs' fï wkqj m%;sldr
iy mqkre;a:dmk l%shdj,sh
fï Tiafia isÿ fjkjd' th isÿ
ù o hkak miqúmrï lsÍu;a
b;d jeo.;a' tu`.ska ;jÿrg;a
mqkre;a:dmkh úh hq;= wh y`ÿkd
.efkkjd' m<uq jrg isÿ flfrk
fï jevigyfka§ weíneysjQjkaf.a
mjq,aj, idudðlhka o ±kqj;a
lsÍug ufkdaffjµ WmfoaYk
ks,Odßka iïnkaO lr .ekSu;a
úfYaI;ajhla' fuys§ lKavdhï
3la y`ÿkd .efkkjd' ta" ffjµ
m%;sldr ,nd Èh hq;= lKavdhï"
ufkda ffjµ m%;sldr ,nd Èh hq;=
wh muKla iy WmfoaYkfhka
muKla .<jd .; yels wh
hkqfjka' 100]la fkdj tu`.ska
60]-65];a w;r m%udKhla bka
.<jd .; yels hs'
Y%uodk jHdmdr" relafrdamK
jevigyka i`oyd Tjqka fhduq
flfrk w;r miqúmrfuka
miq iajhx /lshd i`oyd
fhduq lsÍu;a wm isÿ lsÍug
wfmalaIs; ld¾hhla' tfuka u
fm!oa.,sl iy rdch wdh;k
iu`. tl`.;d we;s lrf.k
;sfnkafka mqkre;a:dmkfhka
miq Tjqka i`oyd /lshd wjia:d
,nd §ug'
à' iS' ta' Okmd,fcHIaG fmd,sia wêldÍ
wOHlaIfmd,sia u;aøjH ld¾hdxYh
ud,d u,aldka;s mrK.uf.a
fï i`oyd fhduq lsÍu
muK hs' jirlg u;g
wenaneysjQjka 5000la
mqkre;a:dmkh fjkjd'
tfy;a myiqlï
m%udKj;a keye' fï
ksid u;aøjH ksjdrK
udih fjkqfjka m%cd
fmd,sia lñgq 14068 ;=<
msysgqjd ;sfnk u;aøjH
ksjdrK wkqlñgqjg
mejÍ ;sfnkafka
iqúfYaI ldrhNdrhla'
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0122
mqkre;a:dmk flduidßia
ckrd,a ld¾hdxYh hgf;a
fmdf<dkakrej lkaoldvq yd
fiakmqr mqkre;a:dmk uOHia:dk
l%shd;aul hs' fï uOHia:dkj,
u;aøjHj,g weíneys jQ mqoa.,hka
mqkre;a:dmkh lsÍfuka wk;=rej
iudc.; lrkq ,nkafka jirl
ld,hla ;=< jD;a;Sh mqyqKqjla
,ndoSfuka o wk;=rej hs' m<uq
udi 06 ;=< lkaoldvq m%;sldr
yd mqkre;a:dmk uOHia:dkfha§
wdOHd;añl mqkre;a:dmkh
yd fm!reI ixj¾Okh hs
isÿflfrkafka' fojeks udi 06
;=< hs je,slkao fiakmqr ;D;Sh
yd jD;a;Sh mqyqKq uOHia:dkfha§
jD;a;Sh mqyqKqj ,nd fokjd'
§¾>ld,Sk j u;aøjH Ndú;
l< mqoa.,hl= m<uq udih ;=<
ldhsl yd udkisl jYfhka md,kh
lsÍu wmyiq hs' fï mqoa.,hkaf.a
YÍrh yd mßirh w;r mj;sk
wiunr nj fya;=fjka l`ojqrej,ska
ryis.; j mekhdug o ;e;alrk
wjia:d ;sfnkjd' uyje,s .`. yd
udú,awdre w;r w¾O ldka;dr
m%foaYh mqkre;a:dmk lghq;= i`oyd
Ndú; lrkafka fï fya;=fjka'
Tjqkaf.a YÍrh udi folla jeks
ld,hla ;=< mj;akd mßirhg
wkqj ixúOdkh úh hq;= hs'
Tjqka jD;a;Sh mqyqKqjla i`oyd
fhduqlsÍug fmr wdOHd;añl iqj;d
jevigyka jk Ndjkd jevigyka
yd WmfoaYk fiajd i`oyd
fhduqlrjkq ,nkafka ta ksid' ta
i`oyd ;%súO yuqod WmfoaYk fiajd
yd chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHd,fha
WmfoaYk fiajd lKavdhïj,
iydh ,nd .kakjd' Tjqka ms<sn`o
j isÿlrkq ,nk úYaf,aIKhlska
wk;=rej hs jD;a;Sh mqyqKqj i`oyd
fhduqlrjkafka'
fiakmqr jD;a;Sh mqyqKq
uOHia:dkfha fï jk úg jD;a;Sh
mqyqKq mdGud,d 15la meje;afjkjd'
fï mdGud,d yodrd mqkre;a:dmk
uOHia:dkj,ska msgjk ´kEu
mqoa.,hl= i;= j mj;skafka jD;a;Sh
ksmqK;ajhla' rch úiska jirlg
remsh,a ñ,shk 06la jehlrkq
,nkafka fï mqkre;a:dmk lghq;=
fjkqfjka'
u;aøjHj,g weíneysjk
msßi fuka u u;aøjH cdjdrfï
ksr;jQjka f,i w;awvx.=jg
.kakd m%udKh o jißka jir
by< hñka ;sfnkjd' tfia u
u;aøjH fya;=fjkaa mqkre;a:dmkhg
fhduqjk fyda fhduqflfrk
m%udKh o miq.sh jir lsysmh
;=< os.ska os.g u jeäùul= hs
isÿjqfKa' mqkre;a:dmk flduidßia
ld¾hdxYfha ixLHd f,aLkj,g
wkqj 2018 jif¾ mqkre;a:dmkh
lr m%;s,dN ,enQ m%udKh 2017g
idfmalaI j fmkakqï lrkafka
jeäùula' ta w;ßka 2018oS
mqkre;a:dmkhg fhduqjQ msßi
3000la'
mqkre;a:dmk flduidßia
ld¾hdxYh hgf;a md,kh jk
osjhsk mqrd msysá mqkre;a:dmk
uOHia:k .Kk 08la' ta" mq;a;,u"
l=reKE.," fld<U" l¿;r" .ïmy"
.d,a," kqjr iy yïnkaf;dg hk
Èia;%slalj,' kqÿf¾oS ish¨ Èia;%slal
wdjrKh jk mßÈ mqkre;a:dmk
uOHia:dk weröug hs wfmalaId
lrkafka' fï uOHia:dkj,g
mqoa.,hka fhduq lrkafka jhia
iSudj" u;aøjHj,g weíneys j isá
ld, iSudj yd ia;%S mqreI nj wkqj hs'
fuf,i mqkre;a:dmkhg
fhduqlrk iEu mqoa.,hl= u jirl
ld,hla ;=< h<s isá ;;a;ajhg
f.k wd fkdyels hs' jirl
ld,fhka wk;=re j Tjqka idudkH
cSú;hg fhduqlr oS¾>ld,Sk j
lrkq ,nk m%;sldrj,ska iqj
lsÍug mqkre;a:dmk ckrd,a
ld¾hdxYh lghq;= lrkjd' tysoS
tla tla mqoa.,hdf.a iudcSh
jgmsgdj" wOHdmksl uÜgu"
iudcSh w;aoelSï yd Tjqkaf.a
mjqf,a {d;Skaf.ka ,efnk
odhl;ajh wdoS ldrKd u; Tjqka
iqj ùug .;jk ld,h tlsfkldg
fjkia' lsishï /lshdjl ksr;jk
mqoa.,hka o mqkre;a:dmkhg
fhduqúh yels hs'
wmf.a n,dfmdfrd;a;=j ±kg
lkaoldvq uOHia:dkfha isák
mqoa.,hka 1500l m%udKh;a
fiakmqr mqoa.,hka 508l m%udKh;a
mqkre;a:dmkh lr jD;a;Sh
ksmqK;ajlska hq;= rgg jevod hs
mqoa.,hka njg m;alsÍu hs'
ufkdacd iurkdhl
mqkre;a:dmkfhaoSjD;a;Sh mqyqKqjg uq,a;ek
fïc¾ ckrd,a wd¾' tï' fÊ' ta' r;akdhlwOHlaI - mqkre;a:dmk
flduidßia ckrd,a ld¾hdxYh
23 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
Y%S ,xldfõ nkaOkd.dr ;=< 400]
l wêl ;onohla mj;sk
nj wkdjrKh jQfha Y%S ,xld kS;s
fldñIka iNd fomd¾;fïka;=j
úiska 1998-1999 ld,fha§ lrk
,o wOHdkhlska' thska 90]g
jvd jeä msßila iq¿ jerÈj,g
jir follg jvd wvq ld,hla
fjkqfjka isro`vqjï kshu jQ wh'
;j;a 50]la isr.; j isákafka ov
uqo,a f.jd .; fkdyels j' fujeks
iq¿ jerÈlrejka isr.; lsÍfuka
nkaOkd.dr ;onoh W.% fjkjd'
wfkla w;g nkaOkd.drh ;=<§
Tjqka oreKq wmrdOlrejka ùfï
m%jK;dj;a by< hs'
fuhg úi`ÿula §fï wruqK
we;sj hs 1999 wxl 46 ork m%cd
mdol úfYdaOk mk;g wkqj m%cd
mdol úfYdaOk fomd¾;fïka;=j
msysgqjkafka' 2002§ m%cd mdol
úfYdaOk jHdmD;sh wêlrK
wud;HdxYh hgf;a iaÓr
tAllhla f,i msysgq jk w;r th
fomd¾;fïka;=jla f,i ia:dms;
jkafka 2008 cq,s 01jeksod isg'
fuh ;jÿrg;a jHdma;j Èjhsk
mqrd msysá ufyaia;%d;a wêlrKj,
fï jkúg;a msysgqjd ;sfnkafka
m%dfoaYSh m%cd úfYdaOk ld¾hd,
100la'
m%cd úfYdaOkh i`oyd
jrolref.a leue;a; b;d u
jeo.;a' wm fj; fhduq lrk
jrolre iu`. idlÉPd lr Tyq;a
iu`. hs jrog fya;=j fidhkafka'
fya;=j ke;s l< miq Tyqg
fyda wehg kej; jerÈ lsÍfï
wjYH;djla we;sjkafka keye' ta
wkqj hs jrolre úfYdaOkhg ,la
lrkak wjYH úúO jevigyka
ixúOdkh lrkafka' ldhsl fyda
udkisl m%;sldr" WmfoaYkh"
wOHd;añl ixj¾Okh" jD;a;Sh
ixj¾Okh fyda fï ish,a,u;a thg
we;=<;a úh yels hs' fï ish,a, isÿ
lrkafka fkdñf,a'
m%cd mdol úfYdaOkh i`oyd
13 000;a 15 000;a w;r mqoa.,hska
m%udKhla fhduq flfrkafka
jd¾Isl j' ta w;ßka 65];a 70];a
w;r m%;sY;hla u;aøjH iïnkaO
jerÈlrejka' 2018 j¾Ifha ixLHd
f,aLkj,g wkqj úfYdaOkh i`oyd
mqoa.,hka 12783la fhduqlr we;s
w;r bka mqoa.,hka 8337lau u;aøjH
iïnkaO jrolrejka' th m%;sY;hla
f,i 65'2]la' ta w;r ÿmam;a" ;reK"
iaÓr /lshdjla fkdue;s hkd§ iudc
ldKav ksfhdackh lrk msßi jeä
hs' zu;aøjH iïnkaO jrolrejka jQ
m%cd úfYdaOk wd{d,dNska úfYdaOkh
lsÍfï úfYaI jHdmD;shZ wdrïN
lrkafka fï fya;=fjka' ta 2017
j¾Ifha u;aøjH iïnkaOfhka jeäu
jrolrejka m%udKhla yÿkd.;a
jhU m<df;ka'
jhUg wu;rj 2018§ fï úfYaI
jHdmD;sh wdrïN lrkafka inr.uqj
yd ol=Kq m<d;aj,' 2018 j¾Ifha
u;aøjH iïnkaO jrolrejka 2
195la m%cd úfYdaOkh i`oyd fhduq
lrkq ,enqfõ fï m<d;a ;=fkka u'
ta w;ßka id¾:lj m%cd úfYdaOkh
lr u;ska uqojd.;a msßi 1355la'
wd¾' mS 'tia' iuka l=udß flduidßia
m%cd mdol úfYdaOk fomd¾;fïka;=j
m%cd úfYdaOkhg m%uqL jkafka jrolref.a leue;a; hs
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0124
iuia; f,dalfha u m%jK;d
i,ld n,k úg u;aøjH"
;%ia;jdoh;a iu`. ;Èka u ne`oS
;sfnkjd' ;%ia;jd§ jHikhla fyda
iajNdúl wdmodjlska fyda miqj
Wodjkafka ldhsl" udkisl fuka
u iudcSh jYfhka jHdê iy.;
;;a;ajhla' fujeks wjia:djl
u;aøjHj, yeisÍu b;du;a u
iQlaIu j wOHhkh l< hq;= hs'
rfÜ mj;sk kS;Hdkql+, u;aøjH
^ÿïjeá" ÿïfld<" wrlal=" ìh¾& yd
kS;s úfrdaë u;aøjH f,i y`ÿkajk
fldflaka" yiSia" fyfrdhska"
whsia iy wfkl=;a u;afm;s j¾.
Ndú;h miq wdmodlrKfha§ wju
lr.kafka flfiao hkak fhduqúh
hq;af;a ±ä wjOdkhla' we;uqka
fï ;;a;ajh fkdi,ld isáh o
fuh jHikfha tla;rd Nhdkl
me;slvla'
ÿlg" fõokdjg" úryjg fyd`o
u T!IOh u;aøjH hkak u;aøjH
iud.ï iy fkdfhl=;a iudc
n,fõ. úiska f.dvk.d ;sfnk
tla;rd u;hla' fujeks ñ:Hdj,g
/jfgk jHikhg ,la jQjka
iy Tjqkaf.a {d;Ska u;aøjHj,
f.dÿrla njg m;aùfï m%jK;dj
b;du;a u by< hs' Ôú;fhka m<d
hEug W;aidy lrk Tjqka wñysß
w;a±lSï wu;l lrkak u;aøjH
Ndú;hg fm<öu fya;=fjka
§¾>ld,Sk j u;aøjHj,g
weíneysjQjka njg m;aúh yels hs'
fï ;;a;ajh jvd;a ie,ls,af,ka
ksÍËKh l< hq;af;a inqoaêl
ck;dj' fï jHikfha f.dÿrla
njg m;ajkafka Tfí ñ;=rd"
{d;shd Tfí ifydaoßh fyda
ifydaorhd fjkak mq¿jka' Tn
ksjerÈ ie,eiaula wkqj l%shd;aul
úh hq;= hs Tyq fyda weh thska uqojd
.ekSu i`oyd' m<uq mshjfrys u
WmfoaYk ud¾.fhka" Tyq woyk
fyda ms<sm`Èk wd.ñl o¾Ykhlska
fyda Tyqf.a mjq," ñ;=rka iy
{d;Ska ud¾.fhka Tyqj iqjm;a
fuys§ iajhx /lshd wdrïN lsÍfï
wjYH;djh yÿkd.;a wd{d,dNska
i`oyd ,nd§ug lghq;= lrkafka
Wmßuh re'50"000la olajd wdOdr
uqo,a' id¾:lj úfYdaOkh jQ
mqoa.,hka 88fokl= i`oyd fï jk
úg msßkud we;s uqo, re'3"844"270la'
fyfrdhska iïnkaO jrolrejka
jk wd{d,dNska jeä msßila uqK
.efikafka niakdysr m<df;ka'
jirla we;=<; ta m%udKh 5000lg
jeä hs' fï iïnkaOfhka 2019
jif¾ wfm%a,a udifha wdrïN l<
fyfrdhska iïnkaO m%cd úfYdaOk
úfYaI jevigyk fï jkúg Èjhsk
mqrd Èia;%slalj, l%shd;aul hs'
u;aøjH ksjdrK i;sh ksñ;af;ka
m%cd mdol úfYdaOk fomd¾;fïka;=j
ixúOdkh l< jevigyka l%shd;aul
lf<a ±kqj;a lsÍfï ld¾hfhka
Tíng hñka' wd{d,dNska mßir
ys;ldó jevigykaj,g iyNd.s
lrùfï wruqKska rela frdamK
jHdmD;shla Èh;a flrefKa jhU
m<df;ka' óg wu;rj fjr< msßisÿ
lsÍu" wd{d,dNska m%;sldr .kakd
frday,a msßisÿ lsÍu iy W;=reueo
m<df;a rnEj udñKs .u u;aøjHj,g
weíneysjQjka úYd, msßila u;ska
uqojd .ekSfï úfYdaOk jevigyka
l%shd;aul flrefKa;a Bg iu.dój
hs' úfYaIfhka u u;aøjH iïnkaO
wd{d,dNska fhduq l< hq;= u;a
m%;sldr uOHia:dk m%udKj;a fkdùu
.eg¨jla' tfukau úfYdaOk ld¾hh
fjkqfjka mqyqKq wjia:d wju ùu
iïnkaOfhka o jeä wjOdkhla
fhduq l< hq;= hs' m%cd úfYdaOkh
,nk wd{d,dNska isro~qjï kshu
jQjkag jvd jeä ksoyilska" iaj
leue;af;kq hs u;ska ñfokafka'
Tjqka i`oyd iudc ms<s.ekSu
iy Èß.ekaùu i`oyd we.hSï
l%ufõohla o l%shd;aul hs' m%cd
úfYdaOk ks,Odßka lem ù isákafka
wd{d,dNskaf.a fm!oa.,sl;ajh
wdrlaId lrñka fndfydu iqyoYS,s
úYajdijka; fiajhla ,nd§u
fjkqfjka'
ufyaIsld Èidkdhl
ffjoH iuka; l=udr ls;,jwdrÉÑ
u;aøjHj,g weíneysjQjka mqkre;a:dmkh i`oyd jQ
cd;sl wêldßh
25 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
ufyaIsld Èidkdhl
lr.kak fkdmudj W;aidy .; hq;=
hs' tfuka u wdmodjlska miq we;súh
yels m%pKavldÍ yeisÍï ;Sj%r lrkak
oreKq f,i n,mEï lrkafka;a
u;aøjH' fujeks jHik wjia:dj,ska
b;du;a iQËu j m%fhdack .kafka
u;aøjH cdjdrïlrejka' ÿïfld<
l¾udka;lrejka" ÿïjeá yd uoHidr
l¾udka; ysñhka iy wfkl=;a
u;aøjH fjf<ÿka fï m%foaYj,
ks¾udKh jk bvyir m%fhdackhg
.kafka u;aøjH iq,n;dj we;s lsÍug
hs' úfYaIfhka u fï m%foaYj,g
u;aøjH we;=¿ùu je<elaùug iy ta
iïnkaOfhka ksjerÈ j yd iQËuj
fidhd ne,Sug wm hqyqiq¿ ùu wjYH
hs' ukao jHikhlska miq úm;g
m;ajQjkag wjYH wdOdr WmlrK"
wdydr mdk" fi!LH myiqlï"
f.dvke.s,s jeks foa mß;Hd. lrkjd
jf.a u fï ixúOdk fndfyduhla
u;aøjH l¾udka; lrejkaf.a
yjq,alrejka f,i Tjqkaf.a m%pdrK
jevlghq;=j, ksr; fjkak mq¿jka'
fndfydu i;aNdjfhka lrkq ,nk
Woõ Wmldrj, há wruqK jkafka
Tjqkaf.a u;aøjH cd,h wLKav j
mj;ajdf.k hdu hs' ta i`oyd rdcH yd
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk Tiafia Tjqka
l%shd lrkafka fndfydu hqyqiq¿j hs'
úm;g m;a
jQ wjia:djloS
irKla" msysgla
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk
ksid fï ms<sn`o
j ck;djf.a
wei .efgkafka
keye' wdmodjlska
miq ta m%foaYj,
kS;Hdkql+, j
ÿïjeá" uoHidr
we;=¿ wfkl=;a
u;aøjH úl=Kk
iqrdie,a iy wf,úie,a hïlsis
ld,iSudjla ;=< wksjd¾hfhka u
jid ;eìh hq;= hs' urdf.k uefrk
fndaïnlrejka fndfyda fofkla
u;aøjHj,g weíneys jQjka nj
f,dalfha lrk ,o m¾fhaIK /
ilska Tmamq ù ;sfnkjd' ;%ia;jdoS
l%shdj,g iïnkaOjk jeä
msßila u;aøjH Ndú; lrkafka
W;af;aclhla f,i' fujeks
udkisl úlD;s b;du;a Nhdkl
;;a;ajhka ks¾udKh l< yels hs'
±ä fjfyilska wdrËl wxY úiska
Èh;a lrkq ,nk u;aøjH jeg,Sï
l%shdkaú;h jvd;a m%YxikSh hs' rfÜ
Y%u n,ldh b;du;a iQËu j wvmK
lsÍug uoHidr yd ÿïjeáj,g
mq¿jka' ÿïjeá yd uoHidr Ndú;h
ksid jirlg rgg wysñ jk cSú;
m%udKh 60 -70 g wêl hs'
,xldfõ u;aøjHj,g
weíneysjQjka ,laIhlg wdikak
msßila isák nj fï jk úg;a
;yjqre ù wjika' Tjqkaf.a
u;aøjH b,a¨u wju lsÍu
u;aøjH cdjdru ì`o fy<Sug;a
uy;a rel=,la fjkjd' u;aøjH
cdjdrïlrejkaf.a f.dÿre njg
m;ajQjka mqkre;a:dmkh lr
h<s iudc.; lsÍfï l%ufõoh
l%shdjg kexjqfKa f,dal u;aøjH
ksjdrK Èkh iurk cqks ui
26jeksodg iu.dó j' cqks ui
23 isg cq,s ui 01 jeks od olajd
u;aøjHj,g weíneysjQjka
mqkre;a:dmkh lsÍfï cd;sl
i;shla o m%ldYhg m;a lf<a fï
jHikh ms<sn`o j ck;dj ±kqj;a
lsÍfï wruqKska' u;aøjH i`oyd
weíneysjQjka l`ojqre .;lr iy
iudc .;lr mqkre;a:dmkh
lsÍfï l%ufõoh l%shd;aul lf<a
m<d;a kjhu ksfhdackh jk
mßÈ' u;aøjHj,g weíneysjQjka
ms<sn`o j f;dr;=re okafka kï
Tjqka j mqkre;a:dmkh lsÍfï
l%ufõohg fhduq lsÍug fukau
Tjqka ms<sn`o j jk f;dr;=re
m%cd fmd,sia fldÜGdij,g ,nd
§fï yelshdj;a ´kEu mqoa.,hl=g
;sfnkjd'
fï iïnkaOfhka wog;a wm
rfÜ l%shd;aul ùu lsisfia;a
u m%udKj;a keye' Bg fya;=j
u;aøjH ud*shdj" uoHidr yd
ÿïjeá l¾udka;lrejka úiska
udOH yd foaYmd,{hka Tiafia
fï i;H ñksiqkag ±fkkakg bv
fkd;eîu hs' tu ksid úfYaIfhka
u fï ms<sn| j udOH Tiafia we;s
úh hq;af;a úoaj;a l;sldjla'
inqoaêlhka l%shd;aul úh hq;= hs
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0126
w;S;fha isg u YS% ,xldfõ úúO
ixialD;Skag wh;a ckfldgia
jdih l<d' ckjd¾.sl;ajh wkqj
m%Odk ck fldgi jkafka isxy,
m%cdj' fï yer fou<" uqia,sï yd
n¾.¾ hk jd¾.slhka o fuys jdih
lrk w;r Tjqka ye¢kafjkafka
iq`M ckjd¾.slhka f,iska'
fndfyda fokl= okafka furg
jdih lrkqfha fï ckj¾. y;rg
wh;a msßi muKla nj hs' tfy;a
tu ckjd¾.slhka yer ;j;a iq`M
ckjd¾.slhka /ila furg Ôj;a
jk nj cd;sl iycSjkh" ixjdo
yd rdcH NdId wud;HxYh u.ska
uE;l§ m%ldYhg m;a l< zmSm,a T*a
YS% ,xldZ lD;sfha i|yka fjkjd'
tu lD;sh wkqj isxy," YS% ,xld
fou<" uqia,sï fyj;a fhdakl"
bkaÈhdkq iïNjhla iys; fou<"
fld<U fyÜá" YS% ,xld u,hd,ï"
uef,a" ,kafoais n¾.¾" mD;=.%Sis
n¾.¾" Ök" fuuka" uqyqÿ jeoaoka"
YS% ,xld Ndr;" le*¾ fkdfyd;a
ldmsß" ÞjqÈ fndard" wdÈjdiSka"
iskaÈ" wysl=KaÀl yd md¾is hk ck
lKavdhï 19la YS% ,xldfõ jdih
lrkjd'
2012 ck ix.Kkh wkqj
Y%S ,xldfõ iuia; ck.ykh
20"359"439la' ^2017 jk úg fï
ixLHdj 21"016"431la jd¾.sl;ajh
wkqj isxy,hka 15"250"081la fyj;a
m%;sY;hla f,i 74'90]la o YS% ,xld
fou< 2"269"266la fyj;a 11'15]
la o uqia,sï 1"892"638la fyj;a
9'30]o bkaÈhdkq fou< 839"504la
fyj;a 4'12] o uef,a 44"130la
fyj;a 0'22] o" n¾.¾ 38"239la
fyj;a 0'19] o jk w;r fiiq
jd¾.shka ish,a,kaf.a u tl;=j
jkafka 25"527la fyj;a 0'13] la
muK hs'
bkaÈhdkq fou<
isxy," fou< yd uqia,sï ckhdg
wu;r j furg jdih lrk cd;Ska
úúO;ajfha Y%S ,dxflah i,l=K
isxy," fou< yd uqia,sï ckhdg wu;r j furg jdih lrk cd;Ska w;r jeä m%;sY;hla isákafkaa bkaÈhdkq fou< ckhd hs' l÷rg fou< m%cdj f,i ye¢kafjkafka tu msßi hs' fudjqka 1833 jif¾ bx.S%iska úiska furg f;a rn¾ iy fldfldajd j.dj i|yd Y%ñlhka f,i ol=Kq bkaÈhdfjka /f.k wd msßfika mej; tkakka f,i ie,flkjd'
ld,Skld,Sk
27 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
w;r jeä m%;sY;hla isákafkaa
bkaÈhdkq fou< ckhd hs' l÷rg
fou< m%cdj f,i ye¢kafjkafka
tu msßi hs' fudjqka 1833 jif¾
bx.S%iska úiska furg f;a rn¾ iy
fldfldajd j.dj i|yd Y%ñlhka
f,i ol=Kq bkaÈhdfjka /f.k
wd msßfika mej; tkakka f,i
ie,flkjd'
fld<U fyÜá
fld<U fyÜá wh;a jkafka
z;k ffjiHZ l=,hg hs' ffjiH
hkafkys wre; l=,Skhd hkak hs'
fyÜá ckhd m%:ufhka YS% ,xldjg
meñK we;af;a úchd.ukh;a
iuÕska nj b;sydi{hkaf.a
u;h hs' wfYdal rcqf.a ìij yd
ñys÷ ysñhkaf.a yd ix>ñ;a;d
fufy‚hf.a uj jQ foaú ìij o
fuu ckj¾.hg wh;a ldka;djla'
fyÜájrekaf.a m%Odk jD;a;sh jQfhaa
fjf<|du hs' bx.S%is md,k iufha
Tjqqka u,nd¾jreka f,io ye¢kajqKq
w;r miqj Tjqka fjk;a ck jd¾.sl
fldgila f,i ms<s.ekSug ,la jqKd'
wo jk úg Tjqkaf.ka jeä fokl=
isxy, yd fou< m%cdj iuÕ ñY% ù
isákjd'
YS% ,xld u,hd,ï
u,hd,s msßia YS% ,xldjg
ixl%uKh ù we;af;a 14 jeks
ishjfia nj hs mejfikafka'
mdKavH" fpda, iy fÉr
rcjrekaf.a l=,S fyajdhka f,i
,xldjg meñK we;s fï msßi h<s
bkaÈhdjg fkdf.dia furg mÈxÑ
ù ;sfnkjd' 19 jeks ishjiska miq
fldams" f;a yd rn¾ j.dj i|yd
wjYH Y%ñlhka f,i o u,hd,s
ckhd fuys f.k wd w;r Tjqka
miqj furg ffjoH" Ydia;%d,Sh"
ÿïßh" rcfha fiajh" fmd,sia
yd jHdmdßl lafIa;%j,g o tla
jQjd' 1945 isg 1967 f;la fld<U
úYdld úoHd,fha úÿy,am;sksh
jQfha o u,hd,s cd;sl iQika fcdaÊ
mq,suqâ uy;añh hs' furg isá m%lg
fya;=jdÈhl= jQ tAn%yï à' fldjq¾
uy;d o u,hd,s cd;slfhla'
u,hd,skaf.ka we;efula isxy,
fn!oaO yd ls%ia;shdks m%cdj yd uqiq
jQ w;r Tjqkaf.a orejka isxy, kï
.ï Ndú;hg fhduq ù isákjd'
uef,ajre
cd ñksiaiq f,i o ye¢kafjk
bia,dï oyu woyk uef,ajrekaf.a
kscìu uef,aishdj jk w;r
isx.mamQrej iy nDDkdhs rdcHhkays o
Tjqka me;sr isákjd' uef,ajre
,xldjg meñ‚fha ´,kao hq.fha
iy ì%;dkH hq.fha' ì%;dkH md,k
iufha furg uef,a frðfïka;=j
kñka yuqÞ wkq lKavhla o
;snqKd' à' î' chd" tï' fÊ' wlan¾
úksiqrejrhd jekakjqka furg isá
m%lg uef,a cd;slhka' fÞfÞ,a"
ììlalx" fodais" uqx weg lejqï"
kdis.=rx jeks uef,ajrekaf.a
wdydr /ila wfma ixialD;shg
tla ù ;sfnkjd'
mD;=.%Sis n¾.¾
mD;=.%Siskaf.ka mej; tk fï
ck fldÜGdih furgg meñK
jir 500lg wêl hs' fudjqkaf.ka
jeä msßila Ôj;a jkafka uvl,mqj"
wïmdr yd ;s%l=Kdu, Èia;s%lalj,'
Èjhsfka fjk;a m%foaYj,o fudjqka
iq`M lKavdhï f,i úisr isákjd'
w,audßh" wkakdis" nd,aÈh" nxl=j"
fndakslald" fnd;a;u" f.dajd"
lfndla" l,siu" lñih jeks jpk
mD;=.%Siskaf.ka wfma nig tla j
;sfnkjd'
´,kao n¾.¾
´,kao n¾.¾jre f,i
ye¢kafjkafka ,kafoaiskaf.
ka mej; tk ck fldgia'
kef.kysr bka§h ´,kao iud.fï
idudðlhka f,i furgg meñ‚
,kafoaiSka mD;=.Siska m<jd yeÍug
fojeks rdcisxy rcqg Wmldr l<
w;r miqj furg md,kh w;am;a
lr.;a;d' 1796 bx.S%is md,kh
weröu;a iuÕ ,kafoaiska furg
yer .sh o mjq,a 912la furg /÷Kd'
1810 jeks ld,fha ,kafoais m%cdj
bx.S%iska hgf;a wêlrK" yuqÞ"
,smsldr jeks fiajdjkays Wiia
ks,;, fydnjkq ,enqjd' ffjoH
wd¾' t,a iamsÜ,a" fcdÊ lSÜ" ,hk,a
fjkaâÜ" vkalka jhsÜ furg isá
m%lg ´,kao n¾.¾ cd;slhka'
Ök cd;slfhda
w;S;fha isgu furg Ôj;ajk
;j;a iq`M ckfldgila jkafka
Ök cd;slhka' w;S;fha fiao udj;
Tiafia fjf<|du yd ixpdrh ms‚i
meñ‚ Tjqka w;r foaYdgkfha
fhÿKq *dyshka NslaIqj yd yshqka
idx NslaIqj ms<ssn| fndfyda
f;dr;=re i|yka jkjd' ì%;dkH
md,k iufha l=re÷ j.dìïj,
fiajh i|yd Ök cd;slhka
Y%ñlhka f,i furgg meñ‚
w;r .d¨ iy ;s%l=Kdu, jrdh iy
yeñ,agka we< m%;sixialrK lghq;=
i|yd Ök cd;slhkaf.a Y%uh fhdÞ
.ekqKd' Tjqkaf.a fojeks f,dal
hqoaOfhka yd Ök cmka hqoaOfhka
wkd:hka njg m;a Ök cd;slhka
úYd, msßila fuys r|jk ,± hs
fld<U fyÜá
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0128
mejfikjd' b;d iq`M ixLHdjlaj
;snQ Ök ck.yKh 2000 jifrka
miq úYd, jYfhka by< .sfha
ixj¾Ok jHdmD;sj, Y%ñlhka
f,i fiajh lsÍu i|yd Tjqka
furgg meñŒu;a iuÕ hs' fï jk
úg 110"000la muK Ök cd;slhka
furg isák nj jd¾;d jkjd'
fuukajre
fuukajre bkaÈhdfõ iskaoa
m%foaYh ^j;auka mdlsia:dkh&
kscìu lr.;a iqkaks uqia,sï m%cdjg
wh;a ckfldÜGdihla' jd‚c
lghq;= i|yd ol=Kq bkaÈhdj
Tiafia ,xldjg meñ‚ úúO
cd;Ska w;r fuukajre o isáhd'
furgg m%:ufhka meñ‚ fuuka
cd;slhd f,i ie,flkafka
1870 § muK fuys meñ‚ wíÿ,a
ryauka keue;af;la' 1946 ck
ix.Kkh wkqj furg isáfha
fuuka cd;slhka 180 fofkla
muK hs' 1947 bkaÈhdj folv
ùu;a iuÕ nyq;rhla fuukajre
mdlsia:dkh n,d .sh w;r iq`M
msßila YS% ,xldjg meñ‚hd' 1981
ck ix.Kkh wkqj fuukajre
3000la muK furg jdih l< w;r
jeä msßila Ôj;a jQfha w.kqjr
wdikakfha' Tjqkaf.a ni fuudks'
th W¾ÿ yd yskaÈ nio ñY% iskaÈ
Wm NdIdjla'
uqyqÿ jeoafoda
YS% ,xldfõ wdÈjdiS m%cdj Wm
lKavdhï ;=klg wh;a jkjd' tA
.,a jeoaoka" .ï jeoaoka yd uqyqÿ
jeoaoka f,iska' uqyqÿ jeoaoka f,i
ye¢kafjkafka uqyqÿlrfha jdih
lrk wdÈjdiSka' wfkla jeÈ Wm
lKavdhï jeÈ ni fyda isxy, fyda
Ndú; lrk w;r fudjqkaa Ndú;
lrkqfha fou< ni hs' fudjqkaf.a
m%Odk;u jD;a;sh uiqka ueÍu'
fï jeÈ msßi uq,skau y÷kd .kq
,enqfõ 1911§ fi,s.audka úiska'
Tyq Tjqka ye¢kajQfha kef.kysr
fjrf<a jeoaoka f,i hs' fuu uqyqÿ
jeoaokaf.a m%Njh flf,i isÿjQfhao
hkakg meyeÈ,s ms<s;=rla fkdue;s
jqjo Tjqkaf.a uqL mrïmrd.;
f;dr;=re wkqj Tjqka rg uOHfha
isá jeoaokaf.ka mej; tkakka
msßila' tfy;a rg uOHfha isák
jeoaoka fudjqka ;ukaf.a msßila
f,i ms<s.ekSug iQÞkï ke;e hs
yshq fkú,a ;u lD;shl i|yka lr
;sfnkjd' fudjqka lsisÿ j¾.hlg
wh;a fkdjk nj rg ueo isák
wdÈjdiSkaf.a u;h nj fkú,a jeä
ÿrg;a i|yka lrkjd' ±kg uqyqÿ
joaoka 2460 fofkla isák nj
jd¾;d fjkjd'
b;sß fldgi ,nk l,dmfha
ms%hkacka iqf¾Ia o is,ajd
n¾.¾ uef,ajre
fuukajre
29 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
wm Ôj;a jkafka äðg,a
PdhdrEmlrK hq.hl hs' 19
jeks ishji jk úg ,xldfõ
iEu k.rhl u mdfya PdhdrEm
Yd,d ia:dmkh jQ w;r äðg,a
PdhdrEmlrKfha wd.ukh;a iuÕ
PdhdrEm Yd,dj,g ;snQ b,a¨u wju
jqKd' tjl újdy ux., W;aijfha
hqj,f.a PdhdrEm wksjd¾hfhka u
.ekqfKa PdhdrEm Yd,djl§' tfy;a
tu ;;a;ajh fjkia ù újdy
ux., W;aijh wdjrKh lrk
PdhdrEm Ys,amshd úiska u th o bgq
lr §u u; PdhdrEm Yd,djg ;snQ
b,a¨u ±ka ySk fj,d'
YS% ,xldfõ PdhdrEm Yd,dj,
b;sydih jir 160lg jvd mer‚ hs'
,xldfõ uq,a u PdhdrEm Yd,dj
bÈ jQfha ì%;dkH md,k iufha'
jd¾;d.; j we;s whqßka furg
bÈflreKq m%:u PdhdrEm Yd,dj
jkafkaa fÊïia mdáka.a kue;s
ì%;dkH cd;slhd i;= j ;snQ
PdhdrEm Yd,dj hs' th msysáfha
msgfldgqfõ idka; nia;shka lkafoa
wxl 10 ork ia:dkfha' ,xldfõ
m%:u uqøKd,hdêm;sjrhd jQfha
^1849 - 1872& jQ ú,shï ialSka'
Tyqf.a mq;%hd jQ ú,shï ¨ù fykaß
ialSka ,kavka ial+,a T*a f*dfgd.%*s
wdh;kfhka mqyqKqj ,nd YS%
,xldjg meñ‚fha 1862 jif¾§ hs'
rcfha uqøKd,hdêm;sjrhd ;u
mq;%hd i|yd fÊïia mdáka.a i;=
PdhdrEm Yd,dj ñ,g .;a;d' uq,ska
tia' ia,Ska iy iud.u f,iska
ye¢kajqKq tu PdhdrEm Yd,dj miqj
ví,sõ' t,a' tÉ' ialSka iud.u
njg hs' ú,shï ¨ù fykaß ialSka
w.kqjr úúO ia:dkj, PdhdrEm
Yd,d wdrïN l<d' pe;eï ùÈfha
wxl 14" 40" 41 ork ia:dkj, o"
l=re÷j;af;a yd uykqjr fjdaâ
ùÈfha wxl 21 ork ia:dkfha o
Tyqf.a PdhdrEm Yd,d mej;=Kd'
1887 j¾Ifha Tyq nqreufha kj
PdhdrEm Yd,djla wdrïN lsÍu
i|yd furáka msgj .sh fyhska
fï PdhdrEm Yd,dfõ ysñlu
Tyqf.a nd, fidfydhqre f*âßla
ialSka fj; mejreKd' bka miq th
ye¢kajqfKa t*a' ialSka iy iud.u
f,iska' 1920 § tu PdhdrEm Yd,dj
wNdjhg .shd'
W;=f¾ msysgqjk ,o m%:u
PdhdrEm Yd,dj jQfhaa tia' fla'
f,dagka kue;s øúv cd;slhd
úiska hdmkfha wdrïN l< ztia'
fla' f,dagka iy iud.uZ kue;s
PdhdrEm Yd,dj hs' fuh 1876§
wdrïN flreKq w;r yd*a fgdaka
l%uh YS% ,xldjg y÷kajd§fï
mqfrda.dñhd jkafkao Tyq hs' miqj
Tyqf.a mq;a wd¾' fla' f,dagka
fld<U PdhdrEm Yd,djla wdrïN
l< w;r fld<U iy hdmkfha
m%Odk fmf<a PdhdrEm Yd,d jQfha
Tjqkaf.a PdhdrEm Yd,d fol hs'
1887 § weußldkq cd;slfhla
fld<U pe;eï ùÈfha PdhdrEm
Yd,djla wdrïN l< o u| l,lg
miq th jid ±uqKd' tu PdhdrEm
Yd,dfõ wefvd,a*ia ú,shï wekaä%
kï ;reKhl= fiajh l<d' wekaä%
/lshd úrys;hl= njg m;a jqfKa
wfmaiagqäfhdafõ
l;dj
ialska iud.u úiska .kakd ,o
PdhdrEmhla
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0130
wefußldkqjd PdhdrEm Yd,dj
jid ±óu ksid' Tyqf.a ksji
msysgd ;snqfKa msgfldgqfõ fkdßia
mdf¾' 1893§ Tyq ;u ksfjfia l=vd
PdhdrEm Yd,djla wdrïN l<d'
bkaÈhdkq cd;sl nexl=fõ yd
fjk;a fm!oa.,sl jHdmdrhkays
PdhdrEm .ekSu Tyqg ndr jQ
fyhska Tyqf.a PdhdrEm Yd,dj
l%ufhka ÈhqKqjg m;a jqKd' miqj
Tyq ;u PdhdrEm Yd,dj fld<U
fldïm[a[ ùÈfha hQkshka
fmfofia kj f.dvke.s,a,lg
/f.k wdjd' zfydamagjqka iagqäfhdaZ
kï jQ kj uy,a follska hqla;
jQ w;r PdhdrEm .ekSug wjYH
ish¨ myiqlï tys ;snqKd' Tyqf.a
PdhdrEm f,dj úúO m%o¾Yk i|yd
bÈßm;a jQ w;r iïudkfhka o
msÿï ,enqjd' PdhdrEm Yd,djla
ms<sn| m<uq mqj;am;a ±kaùu
m<lr we;af;a o wekaä% úiska' 1895
wf.dia;= 31 jeks Èk ,lañ‚ myk
mqj;amf;a tu ±kaùu m< flreKq
w;r tys fuf,i i|yka jqKd'
zzPdhdrEm .ekSu - tA' ví,sõ'
wkaføda uy;d—hqfrdamfha PdhdrEm
.kakjqkag lsis wuq;a;la ke;sj
PdhdrEm .ekSu fyd|dldr j o;a
fï uy;d fldïm[a[ùÈfha ÿïßh
kj;k ia:dkh wi, ;u l¾udka;
Yd,dj msysgqjd ;sfí' fndfyda l,a
krla fkdù ;nd.ekSug ´kEu
m%udKhl PdhdrEm ilia lr
fokakg mq`Mjkah' isxy, whg
myiq úÈhg .dia;=j;a b;d iaj,am
jYfhka .kakd neúka ish¨ isxy,
ukqIHhka fyd¢ka iy ,dnhg;a
jev lrjd .kakg leu;s kï fuu
uy;auhdf.a l¾udka;Yd,djg
meñ‚h hq;= h'˜
1890 foieïn¾ 31 jeks Èk
fld<U ì%iag,a f.dvke.s,af,a
;j;a PdhdrEm Yd,djla wdrïN
flreKd' Tjqkaf.a m%Odk;u
ld¾hh jQfha .uka n,m;% i|yd
wjYH PddhdrEm .ekSu hs' tA' ví,sõ'
tA' ma,dfÜ kï tys ysñlre furg
PdhdrEm l,dj Wfoid iqúfYaIS
fufyjrla l< mqoa.,fhla' ;u
ìßh jQ laf,ard ma,dfÜ uy;añh
iuÕ wdrïN l< Tjqkaf.a PdhdrEm
Yd,dj kï flrefKa zma,dfÜ
iy iud.uZ hkqfjka' th 1893§
fld<U fld,a¨msáfha .d¨mdf¾
wxl 267 ork ia:dkh fj; f.k
wdjd' ,xldfõ PdhdrEm ßgÑka
*sksIsx l%uh wdrïN lf<a ma,dfÜ
iud.u' laf,ard ma,dfÜ uy;añhf.a
fidfydhqre yhskuka uy;d
tys mqfrda.dñhd jqKd' ma,dfÜ
iud.u 1900 jif¾ kqjrt<sfha o
PdhdrEm Yd,djla wdrïN l<d'
1903§ ms,smafma t¾fvdia úiska
fldf,daksh,a f*dfgda.%*s lïmks
kñka PdhdrEm Yd,djla werUqfõ
fld<U fldgqfõ úlafgdaßhd
wdflavfha' kùk myiqlï iys;
úYd, PdhdrEm Yd,djla jQ th
furg wdOqksl PdhdrEm Ys,amSkaf.a
yd ixpdrlhkaf.a PdhdrEm
uqøKh lr fok wdh;khla
f,i o mej;shd' wefußldfõ
BiaÜuka fldvela wdh;kfha ,xld
ksfhdað;jrhd jQfha o fldf,daksh,a
f*dfgda.%*s iud.u hs'
1882 jif¾ cqjka is,ajd kue;s
PdhdrEm Ys,amshd úiska PdhdrEm
Yd,djla wdrïN lf<a .d,af,a'
Tyq l,la ialSka iy iud.fï
PdhdrEm Ys,amshl= f,i fiajh
l< ;eke;af;la' tjl PdhdrEm
Yd,djkays mg, mg fjkqjg
Ndú; jQfha ma,eáfkdaghsma kñka
ye¢kajqKq ùÿre M,l'' bïmSßh,a
M,l" b,a*â M,l" BiaÜuka
PdhdrEm M,l mS' ´' iS M,l
kñka úúO j¾.fha PdhdrEm M,l
PdhdrEm wkdjrKh i|yd
fhdÞ .ekqKd' fi¨f,dhsâ
mg, mgh y÷kajd §u;a
iuÕ fldvela" f.jdÜ"
b,a*â" fj,ajÜ fjf,dlaia
jeks úúO mg, mg Ndú;h
werUqKd' ,sh¾" n%jqkska
jeks l=vd w;a leurd
furgg meñkqKd' idudkH
leurdjl ñ, remsh,a
7'50la jQ w;r Wiia j¾.fha
leurdjla remsh,a 27' 50 isg
31'50 w;r ñ, mrdihl
mej;=fKa'
1903 ckjdß 22 Èk mqj;am;a
±kaùula m< l< ialSka iy iud.u
;uka ,xldfõ ´kEu Èia;s%lalhlg
meñK PdhdrEm .kakd njg
m%pdrh l<d' 1910 muK jk úg
fld<U hQkshka fmfofia fcdaka
iy iud.u" fldgqfõ ld.s,aia"
wefmd;slÍia" g¾ñkia wd¾Ü
iagqäfhda" ì%iag,a iagqäfhda jeks
PdhdrEm Yd,d jHdma; j ;snqKd'
PdhdrEm Yd,djkays mßmd,kh
fjkia jqj o we;eï tAjd wo olajd u
tA kñka mj;ajdf.k hk w;r
ma,dfÜ iy iud.u iy fcdaka
yd iud.u tjeks PdhdrEm Yd,d
folla'
ms%hkacka iqf¾Ia o is,ajd
fydamagjqka PdhdrEm Yd,dj tia' fla' f,dagka
31 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
iskudjiskudj
foaYSh iskudjg fï jk úg
jir 72 msÍ wjika' f,dal
iskudfõ wdhq ld,h yd ii|oa§
wm isákafka jir 50la muK
msgqmiska jqj;a jir 72la hkq iq¿
ld,hla u fkdfj hs' zlvjqKq
fmdfrdkaÿjZ Ñ;%mgfhka werfUk
l;dkdo iskudj bka§h iskud
l¾udka;fhka ,o iydh iy
wdNdih o ,nñka zf¾LdjZ iuÕska
1956 § l,d;aul iskud Ndú;h
fj; o msh Tijkq ±lsh yels hs'
wk;=re j ksIamdokh yd m%o¾Ykh
m%uqL jHdmdßl uqyqKqjßka o
wdLHdk iajrEm yd Y%jH -oDYH
úhuk m%uqL iskud m%ldYk
udOHfhka o furg iskudj úúO
fjkialï iy yerjqï ,laIH
Tiafia fmrg meñ‚hd'
zisxy,Z iskudj hk fhÿu
fjkqjg zY%S ,dxlslZ iskudj hk
fhÿu Ndú; lrkafka j¾;udk
iskud Ndú;h ;=< iq¿fjka jqj
o oñ< NdIs; iskudjl i,l=Kq
o y÷kd.; yels fyhska' bka§h
iskudj NdId 26la blaujñka zl;d
l< oZ furg iskudj 30 jirlg
wdikak j meje;s isú,a hqoaOfha
w;=re M,hla f,i jeämqr zl;d
lf<aZ tla" ;ks NdIdjlska' fï ksid
hqoaOh fl<jr ù oYlhla muK
f.jqKq wjia:dfõ§ th talNdIs;"
taljd¾.sl iajrEmhlska uqojdf.k
y÷kajd §u yd y÷kd.ekSu m%uqL
wjYH;djla'
furg iskudfjys iqúfYaI;d
ms<sn| úuid n,k úg tajd
Okd;aul yd iDKd;aul f,i
fomil isg hs y`ÿkd .; yelafla'
jvd fmdfydks iskud Ndú;hla
fj; uÕ úysÿjñka mejf;k
jHdmdßl yd l,d;aul mlaIfha
ueÈy;aùï cd;sl iskudj Tijd
;nkafka by<g' tfia fkdjqKqq úg
iskudj h<s w.dOh fj; we§ hdu
fkdje<elaúh yels hs'
Y%S ,dxlsl iskudj jHdmdrhla
f,i j¾;udkfha fmdfydi;a
fyda iaÓridr fyda keye' wi,ajeis
bkaÈhdfõ jd¾Isl j oyilg wêl
j Ñ;%mg ksIamdokh jqj;a wm rfÜ
tu m%udKh 20-30la w;r w.hl hs
mj;skafka' cd;sl Ñ;%mg ixia:dfõ
ukao.dó ueÈy;aùï Bg m%Odk
fya;=j hs' ks¾udKd;aul yd
l,d;aul iskud Ndú;hla ms<sn|
lsis÷ j.ùula fkdue;s iskud
iud.ï lsysmhl wêldßhlg
iskudj k;= j mej;Su;a thg
n,md ;sfnkjd' Ñ;%mg ksIamdokh"
fnodyeÍu yd m%o¾Ykh hk
m%Odk jHdmdßl m%fõY ud¾.
lsisjla ms<sn| tlÕ;d iys;
ueÈy;aùula rdcH fyda fm!oa.,sl
fyda fowxYhg u keye' ta
fya;=fjka l=uk Idkrhl iskud
lD;shlg jqj o b,lal lr.;
yels fma%laIld.drhla" wdodhu
ms<sn| woyila fuka u lD;sh
;sr.; lr wdodhï ,nd.ekSu
ms<sn| ld,rduqjla ilid .ekSu
hkdÈ lsisjlg wjldY o keye'
ksis m%ñ;s.; iskudYd,d m%udKh
wju ùu fuka u k.r flakaøSh
j muKla úysfok iskud Yd,d
fya;=fjka fma%laIlhka iskud Yd,d
fj; frdla jkafka wvqfjka' ;srhg
meñfKk lD;s m%o¾Ykh ùu
ms<sn| meyeÈ,s tlÕ;d fkdue;s
ùu fya;=fjka b;sß j we;s iq¿
fma%laIld.drh o w;rux ùu fuys§
ks;r olakg ,efnkjd' m%pdrl
mqjrej, i|yka mßÈ Ñ;%mg
wod< ld,j, ;sr.; fkdlsÍu"
Ñ;%mgYd,dj,ska lD;%su j .,jd
oeóu hkdÈh ms<sn| j o ks;r
wefikafka ueisú,s'
flfia fj;;a jHdmdrh ta
ish¨ w¾nqo yuqfõ jqj;a fhduq j
we;s kjH" Okd;aul iqúfYaI;d
o ke;sjd u fkdfj hss' miq.sh
oYl lsysmfha tys yev;, fjkia
lrf.k ;sîu jeo.;a' l=vd
fma%laIld.dr wNshi l=vd m%udKfha
zñksZ Ñ;%mg Yd,d y÷kajd §u"
,dxflah iskudfõ bÈß wfmalaId
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0132
fmdl=re iskudYd,d ^isfk*af,laia&
y÷kajd §u" fma%laIld.drfha
wiqka .ekSug fkdtk fma%laIlhd
fjkqfjka ãùã Ñ;%mg msgm;a
fjf<|fmd<la ks¾udKh lsÍu
fuys§ isÿ jQ hym;a m%fõY hs'
l,a.;jk m%o¾Yk fmda,sï ì£u
i`oyd lD;s foll mQ¾j tlÕ;d
m%o¾Yk ld, iSud w;r kj Ñ;%mg
m%o¾Ykhg le|ùu o wNsfhda.hla
jqj;a th hym;a m%fõYhla' bka
isÿjkafka kejqï
iskud lD;s blaukska
fma%laIld.drh yuqfõ
;eîu hs' fm!oa.,sl
rEmjdysks yd
ÿrl:k kd,sld
iud.ï úiska ish
ieg,hsÜ úldYk
yryd fnodyeÍug
Ñ;%mg ñ,hg .ekSu
o fjkia fma%laIld.
drhla fj; iskudj
ióm lrjkakla'
tfuka u th Ñ;%mg
ksIamdolhkag
jeh l< uqo,ska
h<s fldgila
fyda mshjd.kakg
yelsjk kj mshjrla'
jHdmdßl wruqKska
z.emaj, ß,Sia lsÍuZ"
zpek,aj,g úlsŒuZ
we;=¿ fndfyda kj y÷kajd§ï hï
w¾nqo u;= lr we;s nj ienEjla'
tfia jqj;a th uÕ yer .ekSug
we;s ud¾. fidhd ne,Su hym;a
jkafka lD;sh yd fma%laIlhd
tlsfkld uqK.eiSu jir
.Kkdjlska l,a .sh miq zms¿Kq
yuqùïZ" zWKqiqï idlÉPdZ ìys
fkdjk neúka'
iskud l¾udka;fha we;s iSudlï
yd w¾nqo yuqfõ Okd;aul yd
iDKd;aul ,laIK tfia jqj;a
iskud NdIdj ;:H f,i jyrñka
f.fkk fi!kao¾hd;aul iskud
m%ldYk fuka u ckm%sh iskud
wdl¾IK yuqfõ we;s ,laIK
fjkia' Okd;aul j .;a úg
cd;Hka;r jYfhka o ;r.ldÍ
uÜgug meñfKk fmdfydi;a
iskud lD;s wm fj; ;nkakg th
iu;a fjkjd' Èfkka Èk ìysjk
flá Ñ;%mg" ks¾udKlrejkaf.a
ks¾udKd;aul l=i,;d okjñka
o,ajkafka wkd.; wfmalaId' isú,a
hqoaOh" ;reK wr.," ú/lshdj"
oßø;dj" udkj in|;d hkdÈh
m%ia;=; lr.ksñka iq¿ jYfhka jqj;a
fmdfydi;a iskud ldjH ìys fjkjd'
flfia jqj o foaYmd,ksl yd iudc"
ixialD;sl ldrKd u; iskudj
wNsfhda. ueÈka fiñka jqj;a
fkdlvjd wefokafka fmrg hs'
fï ksid wmg foaYSh iskud
l¾udka;h jvd Yla;su;a
lsÍug kï rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl
wxYj, jvd ¥ro¾YS iy l%shdldÍ
ueÈy;aùula w;HjYH hs' iskudj
z<uhska fjkqfjka ;efkkZ" zmjqf,a
iskudZ hkd§ m%j¾. fj; muKla
iSud l< hq;= keye' th taludkSh
oDIaá ;eîfuka uqojd úúO m%ia;=;
yd f;aud l;d flfrk" tajdg
m%o¾Yk wjldY ,efnk l,dmhla
njg m;a lsÍug ljr wxYhla
jqj;a lghq;= l< hq;= u hs' flfia
fj;;a iskud l¾udka;h fuka u
iskud m%ldYkh yd Ndú;dj úuid
ne,Su;a fuys§ jeo.;a'
ks¾udKd;aul iskud wdLHdkhla"
fi!kao¾hd;aul iskud Ndú;hla
i|yd wm ixjdohg le|úh hq;=
lreKq lsysmhla y`ÿkd .; yels hs'
furg iskudj fj; we;s fhduqj yd
fma%laId.drh;a ks¾udK f,dalhg
m%fõY jkakka m%udKh;a mj;skafka
j¾OkSh f¾Ldjl'
thg fya;=j jkafka
fm%alaIld.drfhka
Tíng .sh fjk;a
udOH Tiafia Tjqka
Ñ;%mg keröu
hs' tfia u iskud
l¾udka;h iDcq
b,lalh fkdjQj;a
úYajúoHd," uE;l§
werUqKq Y%S ,xld
iskud mdie,"
fld<U iskud
mdie, fuka u
Ñ;%mg ixia:dj
u`.ska mj;ajk
iskud mdGud,dj,ska
úYd, YsIHhka
m%udKhla jd¾Isl
j iskudj úIhhla
f,i bf.kSu;a
fuys§ úfYaIs;
hs' l%udkql+, iskud wOHdmkhla
yd iskud ixjdohla Tiafia
fï YsIHhkaf.ka ie,lsh hq;=
msßila iskud ks¾udK f,dalh
fj; wdl¾IKh lrùug yels kï
iy Wiia iskud riúkaokh hkq
ljf¾oehs hkak .ek ÈhqKq ixjdohla
wmf.a fma%laIld.drh iu. wdrïN
l< yels kï Y%S ,dxlsl iskudfõ
wkd.;h ms<sn`o n,dfmdfrd;a;=
;eìh yels hs' th wNsfhda.d;aul
jqj;a wm Ndr.; hq;af;a fmdfydi;a
iskud ixialD;s f.dv k.df.k
we;af;a ta Tiafia neúka'
m%shka; f*dkafiald
fÊHIaG lÓldpd¾h,,s; l,d wOHhkdxYh
fmardfoKsh úYajúoHd,h
fm!oa.,sl rEmjdysks yd ÿrl:k kd,sld
iud.ï úiska ish ieg,hsÜ úldYk yryd
fnodyeÍug Ñ;%mg ñ,hg .ekSu o fjkia
fma%laIld.drhla fj; iskudj ióm lrjkakla'
33 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
zwm fld;rï ixj¾Ok lghq;=
bgq l<;a m,la keye tA
ms<sn| f;dr;=re ck;dj w;rg
f.khkafka ke;skï' tu ld¾hh
bgq l< hq;af;a udOH úiska' rdcH
wxYh" fm!oa.,sl wxYh iy rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdk úiska bgq lrk
ixj¾Ok jHdmD;s ms<sn| ck;dj
±k .; hq;= hs' tfy;a fndfyda
fokl= ixj¾Ok jHdmD;sj,
jeo.;a u foh f,i olskafka
ñ,shk" ì,shk .Kkska úhoï
lrk uqo,a m%udKh fld;rï o
hkak ms<sn| muK hs' ixj¾Ok
ld¾hfha§ udOHfha ueÈy;aùu
jeo.;a jkafka fu;ek§ hs'
ixj¾Ok jHdmD;s iy jeh jk
uqo, iuÕ bka ck;djg ,efnk
m%;s,dN" m%fhdackj;a f,i jeh
fjkjd o @ bka we;s jk wksgq
M,úmdl fudkjdo hk ldrKd
meyeÈ,s j .%dylhka jk ck;dj
w;rg f.k hdu hs udOH uÕska
úh hq;af;a' tys § jHdmD;shl we;s
Okd;aul fuka u RKd;aul
me;s ck;djg fy<s lr§u hs jvd
jeo.;a'
kQ;kfha úYd, jYfhka
iudc udOH Ndú; jqj;a fndfyda
ldrKdj,§ tAjdhska biau;=
jkafka idOkSh ldrKd fkdfj
hs' ixj¾Okd;aul ld¾hfha§
udOH uÕska iqnjd§ m‚jqvhla
ck;djg ióm lrùu fyda ck;d
m%;spdr u; iudc u;h fï hehs
f.kyer mEu fyda l< yels kï
ixj¾Okhg udOH Rcq j ueÈy;a
jk nj lsj yels hs' ixj¾Ok
ld¾hfha§ udOH Ndú;dj ms<sn|
j óf;dguq,a, l=Kq lkao fyd| u
WÞyrKhla' jir 7la 8la uq¿,af,a u
óf;dguq,a, l=Kq lkao mej;=fKa
jHikldß" úm;a;sÞhl ia:dkhla
f,i' th wo jk úg uyck;djg
jvd;a m%fhdackj;a yß; WoHdkhla
njg m;afjkjd' fï jHdmD;s
uÕska fld<U Èia;s%lalfha we;s
jk fjki iy bÈß mrïmrdjg
we;s jk iqnfi; ms<sn| m‚jqvh
ck;djg /f.k hdfï j.lSu
mejfrkafka udOHhg' iq.;Þi
.Dyia: lS%vdx.Kh tA i|yd ;j;a
WÞyrKhla' wjqreÿ .Kkdjla
l=Kqj,ska .yk uv j.=rla f,i
mej;s th wo jk úg cd;Hka;r
uÜgfï ;r. meje;aúh yels
iqúfYaIS lS%vdx.Khla njg m;a ù
;sfnkjd' tA ksid rgl yev;,h
fjkia lsÍug fujeks jHdmD;s
fnfyúka bjy,a fjkjd' tfuka u
,xldfõ uyje,s jHdmdrh" uE;l§
wrUk ,o fudr.ylkao ixj¾Ok
jHdmD;sh ck;djg b;du;a u
ixfõ§ ixj¾Ok jHdmD;s f,i hs
ie,lsh yelsjkafka' uyje,s
jHdmdrh ms<sn| tÞ fuka u wo;a
l;dny lrkjd' th udi ;=klg"
wjqreoaolg fyda wjqreÿ yhlg
iSud ù keye' tA ish,a, isÿ jkafka
udOH uÕska'
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkhla f,i
.S%kamSia wdh;kh miq.sh ld,h ;=<
mßir ixrlaIKh iïnkaOfhka
úYd, jev fldgila lr ;sfnkjd'
úfYaIfhka f,dal mßir ¥IK
;;a;ajh ie,ls,a,g .;a úg l=uk
wdh;khl fyda udOHhl fyda j.lSu
úh hq;af;a tA ms<sn|j ck;dj okqj;a
lsÍu hs' tA i|yd fndfyda udOH fï jk
úg lemùfuka lghq;= lr ;sfnkjd'
ixj¾Ok mqj;a i|yd m%jD;a;s
úldYh ;=<§ fjka jk úkdä
yhl ld, iSudj ±lsh yels jkafka
úoHq;a udOHfha § muK hs' m%jD;a;s
úldYh ;=< Tjqkag isÿ fjkjd
foaYSh mqj;a" lS%vd mqj;a" ixj¾Ok
mqj;a" ld,.=K mqj;a wdÈh ms<sn|j
tA tA wdh;khkays we;s iqúYd,
kHdh m;%hla ;=< isg fï úkdä 06
fjka lsÍug'
rdcH ueÈy;aùï u; rdcH udOH
uÕska ixj¾Okd;aul mqj;a muKla
m%ldYhg m;a l<fyd;a ck;djg
th kSri fjkjd' jeo.;a jkafka
th yrj;a j" ks¾udKd;aul j iy
.fõIKd;aul j bÈßm;a lsÍu'
ck;dj fndfyda úg wykafka iy
olskafka isria;, muK hs' iuyr
úg m%jD;a;s úldYh iïmQ¾Kfhka
u krUkafka keye' tA isria;, u
m%udKj;a ck;djg m%jD;a;sh
jgyd .ekSug iy m‚jqvh
.%yKh lr .ekSug'
rgl ixj¾Okhlska isÿ
jkafka ck;djf.a ðjk uÜgu
Wiia lsÍuh hs' ud¾.j, jeäjk
lsf,daóg¾ .Kk f.dvkÕk ,o
ksjdi ixLHdj" mdi,a" lS%vdx.k"
WoHdk" md,ï" l¾udka;
ixj¾Okfha tla me;a;la muK hs'
rfÜ iuia; mjq,a tAllj, bÈß
Ôjk uÜgu by< ;;a;ajhlg
f.k tAu hs ixj¾Okfha uQ,sl
,laIKh úh hq;af;a' fï lreKq
idlaId;a lr .ekSu i|yd
udOHhg mejfrkafka iqúYd, jQ
j.lSula'
fvdk,aâ fiakdër
iqks,a iurùrf,alï - ckudOH wud;HdxYh
ixj¾Ok mqj;a rgg lSuudOHfha ld¾hNdrhla
udOHudOH
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0134
iqjyila ,dxflah
fma%laIl ck;djf.a
wmuK f.!rjdorhg md;%
jQ whsrdx.kS fiarisxy kï
iïudkkSh rx.k Ys,amsksh
miq.sh cqks 21 jeks Èk
l,d f,dj ys;ñ;%d§ka
msßjrdf.k ieurefõ
wef.a 92 jeks ckau Èkh
hs' ukqIH j¾.hd foi;a
fidndj fi!kao¾h foi;a
ohd¾ø yeÕSfuka n,k weh
m%sh fifkfyjka;hka
iuÕska Ôú;fha ieoE iuh
f.jkjd'
1927 cqks 21 jeks od
rejkaje,a, m%foaYfha
uqÿkaf.duqfõ§ fuf,dj t<sh
ÿgq whsrdx.kS frdlaidkd
ófo‚h wOHdmkh ,enqfõ
Ydka; ì%cÜ lkHdrdufhka"
ìfIdma úoHd,fhka iy
uykqjr Wiia nd,sld
úoHd,fhka' weh Wiia
wOHdmkh ,nkafka ,xld
úYajúoHd,fhka' ñhqishia
úoHd,fha .=rejßhl
f,i o lghq;= l<
weh" ghsïia wdh;kfha
ckudOHfõÈkshl f,i;a
l,d f,dj mEhQ Èÿ, ;drldúh
lghq;= l<d' fndfyda fokl=
weh y÷kd.kafka m%;sNdmQ¾K
rx.k Ys,amskshl f,i hs'
úkaiagka fiarisxy yd w;sk;
.;a wehg Wmkafka mq;=ka
fofofkla' ta" rù fiarisxy
iy rxð;a fiarisxy'
l=vd l< whsrdx.
kshf.ka ms<sìUq jQfha
;rula oÕldr .;s,l=Kq'
idka; ìfIdma úoHd,fha
wOHdmkh ,enQ wehg
fkajdisld.drfha f.fjk
Ôú;h b;du;a kSri jqKd'
ta ksi hs weh úNd.h
wjika jQ miq f.oßka tkak
lshQ njg fndre mjid
mdif,ka bj;a j hkafka'
tfy;a ál Èkla ksjfia
w,i j ld,h f.jk
úg weh fj<d .kafka
jeäÿr wOHdmkh ,eîfï
;on, wdYdjla' wehg ;u
kekaokshf.a wdrdOkh u;
wef.a ksfjfia /£ isáñka
uykqjr Wiia nd,sld
úoHd,fhka wOHdmkh
yeoEÍfï Nd.H Wodjkafka
bka miqj hs'
whsrdx.kS fiarisxy
Ôú;hl msh igykaÔú;hl msh igyka
35 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
1947 jif¾§ Wiia wOHdmkhg
jrï ,o weh we;=¿ jQfha ,xld
úYajúoHd,hg' fld<U iriúfha§
uydpd¾h B't*a'iS' ¨fvdjhslaf.a
fufyhùfuka mj;ajdf.k .sh
bx.%Sis kdgH ix.ufha whsrdx.
ksh o idudðldjla jqKd' tjlg
fld<U wdY%s; j m%isoaêhg m;a
jQ bx.a,sIa ;shgrfha ÆIka ã'
fidhsid" iS;d mrdl%u" Ôka mskafgda"
wd;¾ jeka,eka.kan¾.a jeks wh
whsrdx.ksh yd tla j /Õ= Ys,amSka'
zAntigoneZ"zTwinsZ"zGhostZ"zThe three SistesZ weh /Õ+ bx.%Sis kdgH
w;r fjkjd'
jrla ish ieñhdf.a úNd.hla
i|yd whsrdx.ksh tx.,ka;hg
hk nj oek.;a uydpd¾h
¨fvdjhslaf.ka wehg Wmfoia
,efnkafka fkdjrojd u rx.kh
ms<sn| ksjerÈ yeoEÍula l< yels
mdi,lg we;=<;a jk f,i hs' weh
zBristol Old Vic Theatre SchoolZ kï rx.k mdi,g we;=<;a jkafka
ta wkqj' rx.kh ms<sn| yeoEÍfï
jeo.;alu iy yeoEÍula we;s j
rx.kfha fh§u fl;rï jeo.;a
o hk ldrKdj weh jgyd .kafka
tuÕska' ;j;a jirla f.ù .sh ;ek
,kavka n,d meñfKk weh jeäÿr
wOHdmkh yodrkafka —The Central School of Speech Training and Dramatic Art˜ wdh;kfhka' whsrdx.
ksh kej; ,xldjg meñfKkafka
l,dj ms<sn| ie,lsh hq;= uÜgul
yeoEÍula we;sj hs' rx.kh
iïnkaOfhka úfoia yeoEÍula iy
mqyqKqjla ,o m%:u Y%S ,dxlsl Ñ;%mg
ks<sh o weh hs'
1955 jif¾§ —Be safe or be Sorry˜ kï flá jd¾;d Ñ;%mghg
;reK whsrdx.ksh iïnkaO
lr.kafka f,iag¾ fÊñia mSßia
úiska' weh tys ksrEmKh lf<a .d¨
mdf¾ Tiaáka ldrhla mojdf.k
hk jhil ldka;djlf.a pß;hla'
wef.a m%;sNdmQ¾K rx.kh y÷kd.;a
f,iag¾ Tyqf.a —f¾Ldj˜ iskud
ks¾udKhg odhl jk f,i wehg
werhqï l<d' whsrdx.ksh tu
wdrdOkdj m%;slafIam lrkafka
fonia lg mdvï lsÍug weh ;=<
we;s wlue;a; fya;=fjka' tfy;a
wehg th l< yels nj wjOdrKh
lf<a f,iag¾ fÊñia mSßia úiska'
tjeks oejeka; l,dlrejl=f.a
iskud ks¾udKhlska ish iskud
Èúh wdrïN lsÍfï Nd.Hh whsrdx.
kshg Wod jQfha ta whqßka' f¾Ldfõ
˜l;sßkdydñ˜ f,i iqúfYaIS
pß; ksrEmKhla l< weh 1956
jif¾È fyd| u ks<sh f,i §mYsLd
iïudkh o Èkd .;a;d'
tjlg whsrdx.kS fiarisxy
jD;a;sfhka udOHfõÈkshla' fiajh
lf<a ghsïia mqj;am;a wdh;kfha
úfYaIdx. wxYfha' l,la .=jka
úÿ,sfha bx.%Sis wxYfha;a fiajh
l<d' mßir ixrlaIKh Wfoid
ksr;=re j lemjk mßirfõÈkshla
o jk whsrdx.ksh ixpdrl
lafIa;%fha fuka u j;= md,k
lafIa;%fha o m%dfhda.slj kshe<S
w;aoelSï ,nd we;s ;eke;a;shla'
úYajúoHd, YsIHdjl j isáh§
bx.%Sis kdgH Tiafia rx.khg msúis
weh miq lf,l zwmg mqf;a uÕla
kef;aZ" zfjia uqyqKqZ" zfmdaßidohdZ
hkd§ isxy, fõÈld kdgH lSmhla
i|yd o rx.kfhka odhl jqKd'
m%N+ me,eka;sfhka l,djg
wj;S¾K jQ whsrdx.kshf.a mshd
ófo‚h j,õfõ rfÜ uy;a;hd
hs' weh wef.a m%N+ me,eka;sh
ksfhdackh jk wkaofï pß;
muKla fkdj .%dóh ÿmam;a pß;
o ksrEmKh lf<a m%Yia; wkaoñka'
wef.a m<uq iskud ks¾udKh jk
f¾Ldj ta i|yd fyd| u ksoiqkla'
wE ;=<ska yeu úg u ms<sônq jQfha
;d;aúl rx.khla' zikafoaYhZ"
zfof,djla w;rZ" zrkai¿Z znlauy
§f.aZ" zid.rhla ueoZ"zls‚ysßhd
u,aZ" zupxZ jeks iskud ks¾udKj,
weh bÈßm;a lf<a tlsfklg
fjkia jQ pß; ksrEmKhka'
tjeks nyqúO rx.khlg fya;=
jQfha rx.kh iïnkaOfhka l<
úêu;a yeoEÍu hs' ta yereKq úg
zf¾LdjZ" ziS.sß ldYHmZ"zwjr.srZ"
zfojeks .ukZ" zovhuZ" zrkai¿"
ziqÿ fijKe,sZ" z;=kafjks hduhZ"
zTn ÿgq od" zo f.daâ lsxZ" zmjk
m%xYfha Muses de La Ville de Pari l,d.drfha ks;H
m%o¾Yk ldKavhg
wh;a j ;snqKq
˜Irangani˜ f,i kï
l< wdf,aLH is;=ju
whsjka mSßia kï
,dxflah is;a;rdf.a
ks¾udKhla' tod
whsrdx.kS úis;=ka
yeúßÈ iqkaor
hqj;shla' f,iag¾
fÊïia mSßiaf.a nd,
fidfydhqrd jk
whsjka mSßia úiska fï
is;=ju we| ;snqfKa
1950 jif¾§ hs'
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0136
r¿ úhZ" zysu l;rZ" zf,dl= ÿjZ"
zl,amdka;fha isyskhlaZ" zwndZ"
zisl=re yf;aZ hkd§ fndfyda iskud
ks¾udKj,g whsrdx.ksh ish rx.
m%;sNdj tla l<d'
fõÈldj" fg,skdgH iy
iskudj hk iEu wxYhl u lemS
fmfkk pß; ksrEmKhla bÈßm;a
l< weh furg fma%laIlhka
w;r jvd;a ckm%sh;ajhg m;a
jqfKa fg,s kdgH rx.kh Tiafia
hs' úfYaIfhka zhfYdardjhZ" z¥
orefjdaZ jeks fidama Tfmrdj,
ujf.a pß;hg mK ÿka weh
fma%laIl wdl¾IKh fkdu| j
Èkd.ekSug iu;a jqKd' ta yereKq
úg weh rÕ mE fg,skdgH w;r
ziudma;shZ" zkEoEfhda Z" zremsh,a
Y;Z" zwukaodZ" zi,aimqkdZ jeks
ks¾udK o iqúfYaI hs'
ckdêm;s" is.akSia" iqu;s"
iriúh wd§ jQ iïudk /ilg o
ysñlï lshQ weh ,dxflah fma%laIl
ck;djf.a fkdu| f.!rjdorhg
md;% jQ rx.k Ys,amskshla' 1985
jif¾§ weh fyd| u iyh ks<shg
ysñ ckdêm;s iïudkh Èkd.;af;a
zwdor l:djZ Ñ;%mgh fjkqfjka'
1967 jif¾ § zTn ÿgq odz iskudmgh
fjkqfjka fyd| u ks<shg ysñ
iriúh iïudkh o 1995 jif¾
§ zmjk r¿ úhz iskud ks¾udKh
fjkqfjka fyd| u ks<sh iriúh
iïudkh wehg msßkeuqKd'
2003 jif¾§ fyd| u iyh
ks<shg ysñ iriúh iïudkfhka
msÿï ,enqfõ ziqÿ fijke,sz Ñ;%mgh
i|yd bÈßm;a l< m%Yia; rx.kh
fjkqfjka' f¾Ldj" ixfoaYh" iq<`.
wm /f.k hdú Ñ;%mgj, § weh
cd;Hka;r iïudkhg o md;% jqKd'
fy< l,d fl; wiajeoa¥
whsrdx.kS fiarisxy fYa%IaG ks¾udK
Ys,amskshf.a fm!oa.,sl Ôú;fha"
l,d Ôú;fha iy jD;a;Sh Ôú;fha
w;aoelSï w<,d bx.%Sis niska rÑ; ‘Irangani as told to Kumar de Silva’ kï .%ka:fha l¾;D jqfKa l=ud¾
o is,ajd' miqj th Wohisß
úl%ur;ak w;ska isxy,g
mßj¾;kh jQfKa
whsrdx.kS l=ud¾ o
is,ajdg mejiQ mßos
hkqfjka'
m%xYfha Muses de La Ville de Pari l,d.drfha ks;H m%o¾Yk
ldKavhg wh;a j ;snqKq ˜Irangani˜ f,i kï l< wdf,aLH is;=ju
whsjka mSßia kï ,dxflah
is;a;rdf.a ks¾udKhla' tod
whsrdx.kS úis;=ka yeúßÈ iqkaor
hqj;shla' f,iag¾ fÊïia mSßiaf.a
nd, fidfydhqrd jk whsjka mSßia
úiska fï is;=ju we| ;snqfKa 1950
jif¾§ hs'
§¾> ld,hla rx.kh
iïnkaOfhka l< yeoEÍï" Ôú;
w;aoelSï iy m<mqreoao ;=<ska
TmuÜgï lr.;a rx. m%;sNdj
wef.a Èúfha id¾:l;ajh hs'
hq. hq. u;l /ka¥ nyqúO pß;
ksrEmKfhka ksrka;rfhka
risl is;ai;ka iqjm;a lrkakg
Ôú;hla lem l< whsrdx.ksh
l,d f,djg mEhQ Èÿ, ;rejla'
weh fjkqfjka fma%laIl wfma
m%d¾:kh ksÿla" ksfrda.S fuka u
iqjm;a È.= Èúhla'
ldxpkd isßj¾Ok
iriú iskud iïudk
Wf<f,a§ rx.kh ( l,amdka;fha isyskhla
37 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
kj ksmehqï kj ksmehqï
f,dj wfkl=;a rg,a iuÕ
ikaikaokd;aul j
n,k úg kj ksmehqï w;ska wm rg
isáfka b;du;a miq.dó ;;a;ajhl'
thg m%Odk jYfhka fya;= jkafka
úYajúoHd,hSh uÜgñka fyda
mdi,a uÜgñka fyda ìysjk kj
ksmehqïlrejkaf.a ysÕ;dj hs' tu
.eg¨jg ksYaÑ; úi÷ula f,i
hs Y%S chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHd,h
kj ksmehqï" kfjda;amdok iy
jHdmdr ks¾udK ljqkais,h (IIVCC - Innovation, Invention and Venture Creation Council) msysgqjk ,oafoa'
Y%S ,xldj ;ju;a ÈhqKq fjñka
mj;sk rgj,a w;r isák rgla' thg
m%Odk;u fya;=jla ù ;sfnkafka o
fï kfjda;amdok ìysùfï uÈlu
iy ±kg ìysjk kj ks¾udK
rg bÈßhg ;,a lsÍug Yla;su;a
fkdùu hs' tfy;a fï ;;a;ajh
uq¿ rg u f;areï .; hq;= nj hs
Y%S chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHd,fha
Wm l=,m;s fcHIaG uydpd¾h
iïm;a wur;=x. mjikafka'
Tyq( zzkfjda;amdok i|yd wmg
úYajúoHd, ;sfnkjd' kfjda;amdokh
i|yd úhoï ±Ífï wdh;k msysgqjd
;sfnkjd' tfy;a wo jk úg tAjd
ksis ud¾.fha .uka .kafka keye'
wfma rg ;ju;a ÿ.SNdjfhka ñ§
ke;af;a fï lreK ksi hs' f,dalfha
m<uq woaú;Sh kfjda;amdokh f,i
y`ÿkajkak mq¿jka jkafka fhdaO
wef,a c,h nei hdfï l%shdj,sh
hs' tA ksid ,xldj uq¿ f,dúka
u m<uq;ek .;a;d' jejl ìfida
fldgqj ks¾udKh;a tjekakla'
tfy;a bkamiq f,dalfha wksl=;a
rgj,a woaú;Sh fidhd .ekSï isÿ
lrk úg ,xldj isáfha miq.dó
;;a;ajhl hs'ZZ
óg jirlg fmr hs Y%S
chj¾Okmqr úYaúoHd,h fï
kfjda;amdok ld¾h i|yd tlajkafka'
úYajúoHd, isiqka w;ßka kj ksmehqï
i|yd fhdackd ,nd .ekSu" tA wkqj
whÿïm;a le|ùu iy bkamiq kj
ks¾udK bÈßm;a lsÍuhs tys § isÿjQfha'
tA wkqj Innovate Sri Lanka 2019 kñka
350lg wêl kj ksmehqï iuÕska
wfm%a,a ui 2 iy 3 hk foÈk ;=<
cd;Hka;r nKavdrkdhl iïuka;%K
Yd,dfõ§ m%o¾Ykhla meje;ajqKd'
úYajúoHd, wdpd¾hjreka 200la muK
fï i|yd Þhl;ajh iemhqjd' fï
lghq;a; i|yd úhoï l< uq¿ uqo,a
m%udKh ñ,shk 70lg wêl hs' tfy;a
fï ks¾udK i|yd ,eî ;sfnkafka
ì,shk .Kkl jákdlula'
furg fm!oa.,sl wxYfha
jHdmdßlhkaf.a fuka u úfoaY
;dkdm;sjreka iy Tjqkaf.a
lKavdhïj, ksÍlaIKhg fï
m%o¾Ykh ,la ùuo b;d iqúfYaI hs'
Y%S ,xldj lDIsl¾udka;h u;
mokï jQ rgla' tfy;a j¾;udkh
jk úg rg ÈhqKq lsÍug kï
lDIsl¾udka;h muKla m%udKj;a
fkdue;s nj hs úoaj;a u;h jkafka'
wfma rfÜ ±jeka; fiajd wxYhla
;sfnkjd' nexl=" rlaIK" fj<|du"
f;d. iy is,a,r" jrdh wd§ jYfhka'
wfkl=;a wxYj,g idfmalaI j fï
fiajd wxYh j¾;udkh jk úg
60]lg jvd ÈhqKq fj,d' tfy;a
l¾udka; wxYh Bg iu.dó j ÈhqKq
ù keye' WÞyrK jYfhka jir 30lg
wdikak ld,hla wm rfÜ weÕ¨ï
ksIamdokh isÿ jkjd' tfy;a tlÿ
cqlS ueIsulaj;a furg ksIamdokh
fkdlrk nj hs Wml=,m;s iïm;a
wur;=x. mjikafka' hï ksIamdokhla
isÿjkafka kï th o isÿ jkafka
wdkhksl NdKav u; mokï j hs'
fujeks ld, jljdkqjl Innovate Sri Lanka m%o¾Ykh" ksmojk ,o kj
ksmehqï úfoaYh lrd .uka lsÍug
±jeka; fÞrgqjla ks¾udKh lrk nj
hs Tyq jeäÿrg;a fmkajd fokafka'
fï jevms<sfj< hgf;a úYaj
úoHd,fhka msgjk YsIH YsIHdjka
fj; we;s /lshd .eg¨j o
hï;dlaÿrg úif|k nj hs Y%S
kfjda;amdok f,dalhgfõ.fhka tlaùu
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0138
chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHd,fha kj
ksmehqï" kfjda;amdok iy jHdmdr
ks¾udK ljqkais,fha iu iNdm;s
uydpd¾h Ysrka; ySkaflkao
mjikafka' idïm%Þhsl b.ekaùfï
rgdfjka Tíng f.dia YsIH YsIHdjka
kj ksmehqï ixialD;shla lrd
f.khdug fï Tiafia yels jQ nj hs
Tyq jeäÿrg;a fmkajd fokafka'
iu iNdm;s uydpd¾h
Ysrka; ySkaflkao( zzwm
úiska we;s lrk ,o fï kj
ksmehqïlrejkaf.a ixialD;sh
uÕska YsIH YsIHdjka kj
ksmehqï iuÕ f,dalh fj;
újD; flreKd' úfYaIfhka
cd;Hka;r jYfhka meje;ajqKq
;rÕ i|yd tu ksmehqï bÈßm;a
lr Tjqka ch .;a;d' WÞyrK
jYfhka ol=Kq wdishdkq BMJ iïudk W<f,a 2018 jif¾
fyd|u Y,H lKavdhug wÞ<
iïudkh ysñ lr .kq ,enQfha
Y%S chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHd,fha
fodia;r Njka; .uf.a we;=¿
lKavdhu hs' wm úYajúoHd,fha
ffjoH mSGh wdrïN lsÍu
i`oyd tjlg cmdkfhka
,enqKq WmlrK kj
;dlaIKh yd uqiq fldg kej;
m%fhdackhg .ekSu hs tu
lKavdhu isÿ lf<aa' tA jdf.a
u RB Global Challenge 2018 ;rÕdj,sfhka úYajúoHd,fha
YsIHhka fofokl= iy
YsIHdjla ch .ekSu;a úfYaI
ldrKhla'
fujeks kj ks¾udK t<s
±laùu w;sYh mßiaiñka
l< hq;af;a' úfYaIfhka kj
ks¾udK jxpksl f,i fjk;a
whf.a w;g m;aùu je<elaùu
i|yd fmaÜka n,m;% ,nd
.ekSfï jevms<sfj<la fï
Èkj, l%shd;aul lr ;sfnkjd'
fï jHdmD;sh jd¾Isl j
meje;aùug n,dfmdfrd;a;=jk
w;r tys uqLH mrud¾:h jkafka
fï i`oyd rdcH wxYfha fuka
u fm!oa.,sl wxYfhao wjOdkh
jeä jeäfhka ,nd .ekSu hs'ZZ
Innovate Sri Lanka m%o¾Ykh
kjksmehqïlrejkaf.a yqÿ
m%o¾Ykhla u muKla fkdfj hs'
tA ;=< cd;Hka;r ks¾Kdhlj,g
wkql+, j ;r`.dj,shla o
meje;ajqKd' tu ;r`.dj,sfhka
ch.%yKh ,enQ ch.%dyl
ch.%dysldjkag cqks ui 21 jeks Èk
n;a;ruq,a, fjdag¾ia tAÊySÈ iïudk
iy iy;sl m;a ,nd foñka iïudk
rd;%shla o meje;ajqKd' fï ch.%dyS
kj ksmehqïlrejka f;dard .ekSu
kj ksmehqï fldñifï mQ¾K
wëlaIKh hgf;a isÿ jQ nj hs
kfjda;amdok iy jHdmdr ks¾udK
ljqkais,h m%ldY lf<a' ffjoH
úoHdj" bxðfkare ;dlaIKh"
frdfnda ;dlaIKh" jHjydßl
úoHd" wdydr úoHd" l,d
jeks lafIa;% rdYshla fuys§
wdjrKh jqKd'
fï m%o¾Ykfha§ fndfyda
kj ks¾udK cd;Hka;r
we.hSug ,lajQ nj m%ldY
lrñka woyia olajk kj
ksmehqï" kfjda;amdok iy
jHdmdr ks¾udK ljqkais,fha
iu iNdm;s wdpd¾h ks,añkS
,shkf.a( zzúfYaIfhka
iaùvkh leue;a; m<
l<d wmg fï kj ks¾udK
l%shd;aul ;;a;ajhg f.k
tAug wjYH ;dlaI‚l iy
uq,Huh iyfhda.h ,nd
§ug' tu ksid wm cd;sl
nqoaêuh foam< ld¾hd,h
(National intellectual Property office) wdh;kh;a iu`.
tla j fï kj ks¾udK
i`oyd fmaÜka n,m;% ,nd
§fï jevms<sfj< l%shd;aul
lrñka ;sfnkjd' tA i`oyd
wjYH uQ,Huh iyfhda.h
iy kS;s Wmfoia Y%S
chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHd,h
u`.ska isÿ fjkjd' tfia
,nd fok fmaÜka n,m;%
,xldjg muKla fkdfj hs
cd;Hka;r uÜgñka o j,x.=
ùu úfYaI hs'ZZ
fï jevms<sfjf<a wjika
wruqK jkafka ìysjQ kj
ks¾udK fj<`ofmd< fj;
<`.d lr §u hs' tA fjkqfjka
fm!oa.,sl wxYfha fuka u
rcfha o iyfhda.h wjYH
nj hs YS% chj¾Okmqr
úYajúoHd,h m%ldY
lrkafka'
ixÔj fm;a;djvq
fï kj ks¾udK i`oyd fmaÜka n,m;% ,nd §fï jevms<sfj< l%shd;aul lrñka ;sfnkjd' tA
i`oyd wjYH uQ,Huh iyfhda.h iy kS;s Wmfoia Y%S chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHd,h u`.ska isÿ fjkjd' tfia ,nd fok fmaÜka n,m;% ,xldjg muKla fkdfj hs
cd;Hka;r uÜgñka o j,x.= ùu úfYaI hs'
39 foi;sh2019 cQ,s 01
f,dal nd,olaI cïfndaßh cQ,s 21 jeks Èk
isg mqrd i;s folla W;=re weußldfõ
ngysr j¾ðkshd m%dka;fha uy;a W;al¾Ij;a wkaoñka
meje;aùug hs kshñ;' 24 jeks jrg hs fujr th
meje;afjkafka' fuys f;audj f,i fhdodf.k we;af;a
—Unlock New World” hkak hs' fï fjkqfjka YS% ,xld
nd,olaI jHdmdrfha iQÞkï yd lemùu mej;sfha by<
uÜgul hs'
fï i`oyd Y%S ,xld nd,olaI jHdmdrh ksfhdackh
lrñka idudðlhka 214l lKavdhula iyNd.S
fjkjd' iuia;hla jYfhka .;a l, fuh iEu
wxYhla flfrys u Y%S ,xldjg uy;a wNsudkhla
f.k fokakla' lrmáhla iy l`ojqre ysia jeiqulska
iukaú; nd,olaI ks, weÿñka ixfla;j;a jkqfha
rgj,a ;=< mj;akd iudÔh úIu;d neyer lr
iudkd;au;dj j¾Okh lr,Su hs' ì%;dkH yuqodfõ
¨;skka fckrd,ajrhl= jQ frdnÜ fíäka mfj,a úiska
j¾I 1907§ tx.,ka;fha n%jqkais ¥mf;a§ m<uq nd,olaI
l|jqr meje;aùu;a iu`. hs nd,olaI jHdmdrh wdrïN
jQfha'
20 jeks ishjfia uq,a Nd.fha§ fï jHdmdrh
ls%hdjg kexjqfha msßñ <uhska i`oyd jhia ldKav
;=kla hgf;a' ta fmda;l nd,olaI" nd,olaI yd
fPHIaG nd,olaI jYfhka' 1910 jif¾§ nd,olaIsld
ix.uhla o wdrïN jkafka lksIaG nd,olaIsld"
nd,olaIsld yd fPHIaG nd,olaIsld jYfhka'
fíäka mfj,a idñjrhd 1880 - 1890 jljdkqfõ§
bkaÈhdfõ iy wm%sldfõ ì%;dkH md,k m%foaYj,
rdcldß l< yuqod ks,Odßfhla' Tyq ;u ;reK
ld,fha isg u jk úoHdj iy yuqoduh T;a;= ne,Sï
lghq;= i|yd jeä leue;a;la olajkq ,enqjd' ;u
fid,aodÿjka yuqod mqyqKqfõ fldgila f,i ck
Y+kH m%foaYhl Ôj;aùug yqre lrùu úfYaI;ajhla'
tuÕska ;u fPHIaG ks,Odßkaf.a ksfhda. wkq.
ukh lsÍu fjkqjg iajdëk j ls%hd;alùfï yelshdj
,efnk nj Tyq úYajdi l<d' tf,i mfj,a úiska
f,dal nd,olaI jHdmdrfha iudrïNh iksgqyka
lf<a Tyqf.a w;aoelSï weiqßka' YS% ,xld nd,olaI
jHdmdrh wdrïN jkafka 1912 jif¾§' fujr
iurkafka tys 107 jeks jir hs'
f,dal nd,olaI cïfndaßh iïnkaOfhka woyia
olajk YS% ,xldfõ m%Odk nd,olaI flduidßia bxðfkare
fuß,a .=K;s,l( zzfujr mj;ajk f,dal nd,olaI
cïfndaßh YS% ,dxlsl nd,olaI jHdmdrfha iqúfYaIS jQ
ikaêia:dkhla f,i ie,lsh yels hs' rgj,a 175 la
ksfhdackfhka y;<sia mkaoyil nd,olaIhka msßila
óg iyNd.S fjkjd' ,dxlsl nd,olaIhkag cd;Hka;r
uÜgfï w;a±lSï /ila fuys§ ,eìh yels hs'ZZ
fujr lKavdhfï kdhl;ajh orkafka m%Odk
nd,olaI flduidßia bxðfkare fuß,a .=K;s,lf.a
Wmfoia yd u`. fmkaùu hgf;a cd;Hka;r flduidßia
lms, l,HdK hs'
ish¨ cd;Ska ksfhdackh jk mßÈ m<d;a kjfhka u
YS% ,dxlslhka cïfndaßhg iyNd.s ùu w;sYh jeo.;a'
fï iyNd.S;ajh u`.ska YS% ,xldjg w;ajkafka m%;s,dN
/ila'
úfYaIfhka u wkd.; wNs,dI ch .ekSu fjkqfjka
Ôjk l=i,;d Wrd.d ne,Sug wjia:dj ,nk
nd,olaIhkag fuh úYd, wdYs¾jdohla jkq ksiel hs'
ufkdacd iurkdhl
24 jeks f,dal nd,olaI cïfndaßh bxðfkare fuß,a .=K;s,l YS% ,xld m%Odk nd,olaI flduidßia
Unlock New World
foi;sh 2019 cQ,s 0140
Tnf.a ÿ
rl
;k
wxl
h - ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
iÕ
rd
Þhl
;ajh
re' 1
"536
'00$
re' 7
68'00
Tn <`.g u f.kajd .kak'my; l+mkh mqrjd wm
fj; tjkak'
mqj;a i`.rdj
YdÍßl wOHdmkh yd l%Svdj"
ñksia l%shdldrlï iuÕ
we;s iïnkaO;dj i|yd we;af;a
b;d È.= b;sydihla' th ñksia
YsIagdpdrfhys uq,a wjêh olajd
u Èj hkjd' wdrlaIdj" Ñ;a;
ffO¾hh ÈhqKq lr .ekSu"
wdl%u‚l lghq;= iy YdÍßl n,h
ÈhqKq lr .ekSu hk lreKq mokï
lrf.k wdÈ ñksid l%Svd lghq;=j,
ksr; jQ nj mqrd;k f;dr;=rej,ska
meyeÈ,s jk lreKla' Bg wu;r
j uQ,sl wjYH;d bgq lr .ekSu
ioyd mßirh Wmfhda.S lr .ksñka
ksoyia ld,h ;=< ldhsl yd
udkisl úkaokh i`oyd o l%Svdfõ
fh§ we;s nj tu f;dr;=re u`.ska
;jÿrg;a ;yjqre lr .; yels hs'
ixúOdkd;aul j iy
wixúOdkd;aul j YdÍßl
wOHdmkh yd l%Svdj y`ÿkajd
fok ,oafoa fujeks myiqlï ;=<'
j¾;udkh jkúg úoHd;aul j
iy ;dlaI‚l miqìula iys; j
fï úIh ÈhqKq ;;a;ajhlg m;a
ù we;s nj fmdÿ ms<s.ekSu hs'
T,sïmsla l%Svd Wf<, uq,a lrf.k
ta yd iïnkaO jQ l%Svd ixúOdk yd
wOHdmk wdh;k o f,dj mqrd u
jHdma; ù ;sîu;a b;d iqúfYaI hs'
tu`.ska w;aù we;af;a m%;s,dN /ila'
cd;Ska w;r iyfhda.s;d
j¾Okh" YdÍßl iy udkisl
;,fha l=i,;d m%o¾Ykh lsÍu"
idïm%odhsl ixialD;sl wdNdi
Wlyd .ekSu" ñksidf.a YdÍßl iy
udkisl wdfõ. md,kh lr .ekSu"
foaYmd,k n,h ;yjqre lr .ekSu"
l%Svd NdKav iy WmlrK i`oyd
hym;a fjf<|fmd<la ks¾udKh
lr .ekSu" kj úoHd;aul w;ayod
ne,Sï i`oyd jd¾;d /ia lr .ekSu
fuys§ lemS fmfkk ldrKd hs'
l%Svdfõ iy YdÍßl wOHdmk
úIh ;=< úYajdi fkdl< yels
;rfï fjkia jk iajNdjhla
we;s nj fuhska meyeos,s hs' tu
ksid iudc úldYkh i``oyd
l%Svdj meyeÈ,s f,i u olajkafka
odhl;ajhla' iS>%fhka fjkia jk
iudchg fï úIh wdfrdamKh
lsÍu iy ixialD;sl ;;a;ajh
iuÕ taldnoaO lsÍu u`.ska wm
iqjnr Èúhlg wejeis moku
is;kjdg jvd ñksidg iykodhS
mßirhla ks¾udKh lr .; yels
nj wjOdrKh l< yels hs'
Y%S ,dxlsl iudc rgdj ;=<
fï úIfha jHdma;sh n,k l,
ta ms<sn`o j t;rï meyeÈ,s
o¾Ykhla fkdue;s nj hs fmkS
hkafka' tfy;a iudcfha úúO ck
fldgiaj,ska fï úIh i|yd we;s
keUqrej Èfkka Èk jeä fjñka
;sfnkjd' foudmshka ;u orejka
fï l%Svd i|yd fhduq lsÍfï mgq
iy mq¿,a Wkkaÿj" uOHu mka;sfha
iy by< wd¾Ól miqìula we;s
mqoa.,hka YdÍßl fhda.H;dj
i`oyd olajk jeä ie,ls,a,"
l%Svd lghq;= i`oyd Èfkka Èk
ìysjk rdcH iy rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdkj, ixj¾Okfha m%jK;dj
iy odhl;ajh fuys§ biau;= ùu
jeo.;a'
flfia fj;;a wm rfÜ
l%shd;aul jk l%Svd" ks, n,fhka
cd;sl l%Svdjla jYfhka ;r. je§u
i|yd cd;sl ix.ï jYfhka l%Svd
wud;HxYfha ,shdmÈxÑ ùu wksjd¾h
lreKla' j¾;udkh jk úg cd;sl
l%Svd ix.ï 66 la l%Svd wud;HxYfha
,shdmÈxÑ ù ;sfnkjd'
l%Svdfõ iqúfYaIS .=Kdx. mokï
lr .ksñka ljdldr biõ" ljdldr
fkdjk biõ f,i fldgia follg
fnod oelaúh yels hs' hï l%shdj,shla
tlu wdldrhg kej; kej;;a
lsÍu hs ljdldr biõjla f,i
woyia lrkafka' wksjd¾hfhka
u fï iEu ljhla u tl iudk
iajrEmhlska lsÍu wjYH fjkjd'
iEu p,k ljhl u fmr iy
miq ljhka w;r ióm in`o;djla
;sfnk w;r th oïje,la wdldrhg
wLKav iudk;djlska m%;sl%shd lsÍu
iqúfYaI hs' ljdldr l%shdj,shlg
ir, u WodyrKh f,i weú§u
ioyka l< yels hs' ljdldr l%Svd
i`oyd u,, l%Svd" Odjk biõ"
msyskSu" Tre me§u iy nhsisl,a
Odjkh hkd§ l%Svd myiqfjka yÿkd
.; yels hs'
ljdldr fkdjk biõj,§
hï jHdhduhla" p,khla fyda
l%shdjla tla jrla muKla isÿ
jk w;r th kej; kej; tl
È.g l%shd;aul ùula isÿ jkafka
keye' nr bis,Su " ðïkdiaála"
iy ÿkq ú§u jeks l%Svd ljdldr
fkdjk biõ i|yd WodyrK
hs' 100m, 200m iy 50m msyskqï
ksoyia wdr Wmßu ;Sj%;djhlska
hqla; ljdldr jHdhdï f,hhs
ie,flkafka' Wmßu ;Sj%;djlska
hqla; ljdldr jHdhdï f,i 800m, 1500m iy 400m msyskSï i`oyka
l< yels hs' 3000m, 5000m, 10000m
uOHu ;Sj%;djlska hqla; ljdldr
jHdhdu jk w;r wvq ;Sj%;djlska
hqla; ljdldr jHdhdu f,i w¾O
uer;ka" uer;ka yd nhsisl,a ;r`.
i`oyka l< yels hs'
ljdldr fkdjk jHdhdu o
,laIK lsysmhla u; fjkia
fjkjd' nr bis,Su" iúh tiùu
Yla;sh u; muKla r`od mj;sk
w;r ÿkq ú`§u" fjä ;eîu
wdÈh b,lal jHdhdu f,i hs
ie,flkafka' mekSï yd úislsÍï
Yla;sh yd fõ.h u; r`od mj;sk
ljdldr fkdjk jHdhdu jk
w;r ðïkdiaála" vhsúka jeks l%shd
p,khkaf.a .=Kd;aulNdjh ksid
YS,amSh l%uh u;hs r`od mj;skafka'
;;a;aj md,kh fkdue;s jHdhdu o
;sfnkjd' fndlaiska" cQfvda" lrdfÜ"
fjd,sfnda,a" t,af,a jeks ljdldr
fkdjk lS%vd thg wh;a'
fï ish,a, u l%Svlhdf.a l%Svd
Ys,amh iy olaI;dj u; rod
mej;=K o" ta i|yd n,mdk ndysr
iy wNHka;ßl idOl o ;sfnkjd'
l%Svdj ioyd iyNd.S jk
ixLHdj" l%shdj isÿ ùug wjYH
ld,h iy l%Svdfõ ksr; jk
iïmQ¾K ld,h" l%Svdfõ fyda
jHdhdufha ;Sj%;dj" l%Svdj isÿ
lrk msáfha È. iy m<," l%Svdfõ
kS;s Í;s" l%Svlhdf.a fmdaIK
uÜgu" udkisl uÜgu iy
mjq,a miqìu tu idOl hs' ol=Kq
wdishd;sl l%Svd Wf<," wdishd;sl
l%Svd Wf<," fmdÿ rdcH uKav,Sh
l%Svd Wf<," T,sïmsla l%Svd
Wf<, wd§ jQ ;r.dj,S olaI;dj
iy ch.%yK ms<sno j wOHkh
lsÍu u.ska YdÍßl wOHdmkfha
iy l%Svdfõ odhl;ajh wm rfÜ
fldf;la ÿrg j¾Okh ù we;aoehs
jeäÿrg;a ú.%y lr ne,Sug fuys§
yelshdj ;sfnkjd'
Ô't,a' ið;a ch,d,a'wOHlaI"
cd;sl l%Svd úoHd wdh;kh'
ufyaIsld Èidkdhl
foi;shmqj;a iÕrdj 50/-
rcfha m%jD;a;s fomd¾;fïka;=fõ m%ldYkhlawww.dig.gov.lk www.news.lk
Department of Government Informationnews.lkDepartment of Government Informationnews.lkDepartment of Government Informationnews.lkGFU Sri Lanka
Healthcare Global iy Forbes iÕrd úiska f,dj wxl 1 iqfLdamfNda.S
u;aøjH iïnkaOfhka mqkre;a:dmk uOHia:dkh f,i kï lf<a
Passages Malibu' le,sf*dakshdfõ ud,snqys iqkaor" ikaiqka l`ÿlr mßirhl
msysá th mßmQ¾K fkajdisl m%;sldr uOHia:dkhla' Chris & Pax Prentiss kï jQ msh mq;= fofokd úiska th wdrïN lrkafka 2001 jif¾§' Passages Ventura mqkre;a:dmk uOHia:dkh Passages Malibu ys ifydaor ia:dkh hs'
th msysáfha Malibu isg mehlska <Õdúh yels fjr<nv fjkapqrd m%dka;fha'
Pax Prentiss uoHidr" fldflaka iy fyfrdhskaj,g jir oyhlg jvd
weíneys ù isá wfhla' tA ms<sn| úia;r lrk Tyq ¦ —uoHidr yd u;aøjH u;
hemSfuka mSvd úÈk ifydaorhkaf.a Ôú; fírd .ekSfï ±ä wdYdj ksid uf.a
mshd ls%ia iuÕ tla j Malibu iy Ventura újD; l<d' wfma bÈß jevms<sfj<
úldYkh jQfha uf.a u weíneysùï ms<sn| fõokdldß w;a±lSfuka'˜ Chris Prentiss; —uoHidr fydaa u;aøjH u; hefmk Tng fyda Tfí wdorŒhhkag
Tng wjeis ia:dkhg hdug Passages Malibu uÕ fmkajkq we;s' th ikaiqka"
m%S;su;a fi!LH iïmkak w;a±lSula jkq ksiel hs'˜
Malibu m%;sldr m%fõYh ie,iqï lr we;af;a weíneys ùug uQ,sl fya;=j
úi£u i|yd hs' fuys§ iqj lsÍfï l%shdj,sfha iEu wxYhla flfrys u
wjOdkh fhduq lrñka m%;sldr i|yd wkq.ukh flfrkafka úê l%u 16la'
tA w;r lgq úls;aidj iy iïndykh" fhda. úêl%u ks;sm;d ls%hd;aul
jkafka frda.shdf.a leue;a; mßÈ' f,dj woaú;Sh fi!LH ;;a;ajhkag iß,k
mßÈ wNsreÑ l< Detoxication ^úIyrKh& jevigyka fuys§ ls%hd;aul hs'
iqÿiqlï,;a m<mqreÿ ld¾huKav,hl wëlaIKh hgf;a Detox m%;sldr ,nd
fokafka wdrlaIdldß iy iqjmyiq whqßka' fuys f.fjk Èk folla tl yd
iudk fkdjk w;r tys§ wiuiu mqkre;a:dmk l%u uÕska weíneys ùu
iïmQ¾Kfhka u ch .ekSug we;s yelshdj by< hs'
u;g ;s; ;nk úma,ùh m%fõYhla
ADDICTION ENDS HERE