24 Hour Hazwoper

8/3/2019 24 Hour Hazwoper

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24 HOUR

HAZARDOUSWASTE

OPERATIONS

TRAINING


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Agenda

Day One

Regulations

Engineering Controls

Hazard Recognition

Chemical Toxicology

Biological andRadiological Toxicology

Personal ProtectiveEquipment

Day Two

Medical Surveillance

Monitoring and

SamplingDecontamination

Safe Work Practices

Confined Space

Handling drums andother containers

Transportation ofHazardous Wastes

Emergency Procedures


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Agenda

Day ThreeDecontamination

ReviewTabletop

Identification andHazard

AssessmentTabletop

Drill/Exercise

Written Test


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Introduction

What is HAZWOPER?

Hazardous Waste Sites

Treatment, Storage and Disposal SitesEmergency Response regardless of location

OSHA/EPA

Colorado Department of Public Health andthe Environment.


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Introduction

Training Requirements

40 Hours off-site + 3 day on- site

Who? Why?24 Hours off-site + 1 day on- site

Who? Why?

8 Hour SupervisorWho? Why?


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Environmental Laws

CERCLARCRA

SARA

TSCA

40


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CERCLA

Comprehensive Environmental ResponseCompensation Liability Act

Commonly referred to as the the Superfundlaw, requires cleanup of releases ofhazardous substances in the air, water,groundwater, and on the land.

Both new spills and leaking or abandoneddumpsites are covered.


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RCRA

Resource Conservation and Recovery ActEffective October 21,1976, with three distinct

goals.To protect human health and the environment

To reduce waste and conserve energy andnatural resources

To reduce or eliminate the generation of

hazardous waste as efficiently and quickly aspossible

Governs wastes from cradle to grave


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SARA

Superfund Amendments andReauthorization Act

Effective 1986, Gave more authority to theEPA and reauthorized funding

Mandated OSHA to develop health andsafety standards for hazardous wasteworkers. (HAZWOPER regulations)

SARA Title III - Community Right to Know


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TSCA

Toxic Substance Control Act

Sets standards for the manufacturing,

handling and use of toxic chemicals.Requires employees to be trained on the

hazards associated with handling and use oftoxic chemicals.


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OSHAREGULATIONS

O ti l S f t


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Occupational Safety

and Health ACT

Effective April 28, 1971

Requires:

All workers have a safe and healthy workenvironment.

All employers to take steps to protect

employees from recognized hazards oreliminate such hazards.

Provides employee rights andresponsibilities.

Rights &


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Rights &

Responsibilities

Rights

To a safe work place

To request aninspection

To requestinformation on safetyand health hazards in

the work place

To exercise yourrights withoutdiscrimination

Responsibilities

Comply with all OSHAStandards

Follow all safety rules andwear appropriate PPE

Report hazardousconditions to your

supervisor

Report any illness orinjury promptly


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OSHA

Four Categories of Standards

Design Standards

Performance StandardsVertical Standards

Horizontal Standards

29 CFR 1910.120 paragraphs(b) through (o)


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OSHA Regulations

29 CFR 1910

29 CFR 1926

Ventilation

Noise

Ionizing RadiationHazardous Materials

PPE

Fire Protection

Material Handling

Electrical

Trenching


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29 CFR 1910.120

Hazardous Waste Sites

Superfund Sites

Corrective action/Clean up at RCRA SitesVoluntary Clean up recognized by

Governmental agencies

Treatment, Storage and Disposal SitesEmergency Response


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HAZWOPER Standard

Scope, Applicationand Definitions

Safety and HealthProgramSite Characterization

Site Control

TrainingMedical Surveillance

Engineering Controls

Monitoring

InformationalPrograms

Handling Drums andContainers

Decontamination

EmergencyResponse

Illumination

Sanitation

New Technology


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Safety & Health Program

Organizational Structure

Comprehensive Work plan

Site-Specific Health and Safety Plans (HASP)Health and Safety Training Program

Medical Surveillance Program

Standard Operating Procedures

Coordination/Interface Procedures


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Site-Specific Plan

Key Personnel

Health and SafetyRisk Analysis

Site ControlMeasures

Training Assignments

Medical SurveillanceRequirements


Air and EmployeeMonitoring

Spill Containment

Confined SpaceProcedures

DecontaminationProcedures

Emergency ResponsePlan


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SITE

CHARACTERIZATION


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Requirements

Found in Paragraph (c)

Topics

Preliminary evaluation Hazard identification

Required information

Personal protective equipment

Monitoring

Risk identification

Employee notification

OFF SITE


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OFF - SITE

CHARACTERIZATION

Performed prior to entry

Divided in two parts:

- Interview/RecordsSearch

- PerimeterReconnaissance

ON SITE


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ON - SITE

CHARACTERIZATION

Purpose is to verify

and supplement

information obtained

from off-site survey.

ON SITE


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ON - SITE

CHARACTERIZATION

Types of Containers

Labels or Markings

Condition ofContainers

Condition of Materials

Identify Wind

ShadowsDetermine Potential

Pathways ofDispersion

Indicators of exposure

Safety Hazards

Identify Reactive,Flammable orCorrosive Materials

Collect Samples

Note Land FeaturesNote Natural irritantsPoison Ivy


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Work ZonesWorker Safety

Procedures

Site Map

CommunicationsNetwork

Buddy System

Nearby MedicalFacilities

The Site ControlProgram

Site Control


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Site Map

Compile a site map priorto entry and updatethroughout course ofoperation. Denotechanges, evacuation

routes, problems areas,wind shadows, etc.


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Work Zones


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Site Security

During

Working HoursAnd

Off-duty Hours


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Communication

InternalRadios

NoisemakersBells

Sirens

Visual Signals

Hand SignalsLights

Flags

Flares

External

Off-Site

EmergencyResponse

Site Management

Regulatory

Agencies


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Buddy System

Provide Partner withAssistance

Observe Partner for

signs of Chemical orHeat Exposure

Periodically CheckIntegrity of Partners PPE

Notify Site Manager ifEmergency Assistanceis Needed

Sit P ti


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Site Preparation

This can be ashazardous as sitecleanup

Some major steps thatneed to be implemented

- Roadways

- Traffic Flow- Building Construction

- Work Zone


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Safe Work Procedures

Engineering

ControlsSafe Work

Procedures

Standing Orders

SAFE WORKPROCEDURES

Confined SpaceProcedure


Lock Out-Tag OutProcedures


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Medical Facilities

Nearest MedicalFacilities

AmbulancesHospitals

Emergency Clinics

PoliceFire

Map


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Risks And Hazards

Hazardous materials present three


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Health

Fire

Reactivity

Hazardous materials present threemain risks:

H lth


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Health

Health hazards are dependent on thematerials involved and the routes of entry.

Inhalation

Ingestion

Absorption

Skin Contact

Fi


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Fire

Fires can develop as a result of leaks orspills.

Liquids or vapors that readily ignite cancause burns and other heat relatedinjuries

R ti it


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Reactivity

Some chemicals will react when place incontact with others.

Reactions can vary from generation oftoxic gases to polymerization to violentexplosions.

Due to the threat of explosions, reactivityis the most feared.


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Identification AndHazard Assessment

A t


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Assessment

The MOST critical aspect of a hazardoussubstance response is the identification of

the substances and a thoroughassessment of the hazards that arepresented.

You cant manage the site/incident if you

cant identify and assess the problem.

Id tifi ti


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Identification

Information Sources:M.S.D.S.

Placards and Labels

Shipping Papers

Reference Guides

Technical Information Centers

NFPA 704 System

Computer Data Bases

Other (Monitoring results, witnesses,process knowledge, etc.)

Assessment


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Assessment

This process is the basis for the selection ofPPE, control measures, engineering controls,monitoring devices, decontamination methods,disposal and everything associated with thisincident/site.

At least three sources are preferred to perform

an identification and hazard assessment.

Key Acronyms


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Key Acronyms

BP=Boiling point

FP=Flash point

IT=Ignition temperature

FR=Flammable rangeLFL(LEL) and UFL(UEL)=Upper and Lower

Flammable (Explosive) limits

SG=Specific Gravity

VD=Vapor Density

VP=Vapor PressureSol=Solubility

Ch i l T i l


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Chemical Toxicology

Toxicologythe degree to

which a chemicalor substance has aharmful effect onhumans or other

living things.

Based oninformation

gained from:Epidemiological

studies

Animal Studies

Ch i l T i l


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Chemical Toxicology

Routes of Entry

Inhalation

Ingestion

Injection

Contact

Ch i l T i l


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Chemical Toxicology

DoseIt is the dose that

kills not the

material.Water is toxic at a

certain dose aswell as table salt.

Synergistic EffectsAsbestos &

Smoking

LD50 and LC50

The amount of material thatresults in the deaths of 50%

of a sample group oflaboratory animals

R di l i l T i l


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Radiological Toxicology

Ionizing

Alpha

Beta

Gamma

Neutron

Non-ionizing

Radiant heat

Lasers

Ultraviolet light

Radio waves

R di l i l T i l


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AlphaLargest particle

Stopped by

paper/clothingHealth hazard if

inhaled or ingested

Only travel a fewcentimeters in theair.

Beta

Smaller particles andthey travel further

Stopped by thin metal,a thickness of wood,plastic or glass.

Health hazard to theskin, eyes and internalorgans if ingested orinhaled

R di l i l T i l


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Gamma

Most dangerous

NO mass, just pure energy

Travel great distances

Will pass through the human bodyand interact with living cells

Stopped by lead, concrete, and otherdense materials

R di l i l T i l


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Measuring/Monitoring

RAD - radiation absorbeddose

REM - roentgenequivalent man

mrad/hr, rad/hr ormrem/hr, rem/hr

What measuring devicesdo you have?

Protection

Time

Distance

Shielding

As Low AsReasonably

Achievable (ALARA)

Toxicology


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Toxicology

Acute vs. Chronic

Kind of material, concentration, and physicalstate

Type of toxinDose

Duration of exposure

Frequency of exposure

Personal tolerances (dose/response)

Target Organs of toxin


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Personal ProtectiveEquipment (PPE)

Written PPE Program


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Written PPE Program

Number of person-hours that workerswill wear various PPE

Levels of exposure

Adequacy of the PPE

Operational

GuidelinesTraining and Fitting

Procedures

Decon, cleaning,inspection,maintenance and

storage proceduresAccident and Illness

experience

Selection Procedures

Respiratory Equipment


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Respiratory Equipment

Air purifyingrespirators

Air supplyingrespiratorsSupplied Air

Respirator(SAR)

Self-containedBreathingApparatus(SCBA)

Air Supplying Respirators


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Air Supplying Respirators

SCBA

Positive or Negative Pressure

Open Circuit

Time limitations

Closed Circuit

Weight

SAR

Positive PressureEscape SCBA

Air line length

300 feet

Air Purifying Respirators


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Air Purifying Respirators

Powered Air-PurifyingRespirator

Positive Pressure

Full Face/Half FaceRespirator

Negative Pressure

Particulate Filter

SorbentCartridges/Canisters

Combination

PPE Selection


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PPE Selection

Based on Hazardassessment.

Compatible with

exposure.Sufficient

durability.

Temperature

effects.Decon Methods

PermeationChemical/material moves

through protective clothing.

DegradationLoss of or change in the

fabrics chemical resistance.

Penetration

Movement of contaminatesthrough zippers, seams,tears, etc.

EMERGENCY SITUATIONS


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EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

Emergency alarm signals

Puncture wounds, scrapes or

abrasions

Halon discharge

Sickness

Air supply disruption

Level A PPE


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Level A PPE

Highest Protection Provided for:

Respiratory Tract

Skin

Eyes

Level A Equipment


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Level A Equipment

Recommended: SCBA or SAR Totally Encapsulating

Chem.Resistant Suit Chem. Resistant Inner&Outer Gloves & Boots

Optional: Cooling Unit Coveralls Hard Hat Disposable Gloves Boot Covers

Level B PPE


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Level B PPE

Maximum RespiratoryProtection

Lesser Degree of SkinProtection

Minimal Level

Recommended forInitial Site Entry UntilHazards Are Identified

Level B Equipment


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RECOMMENDED: SCBA or Supplied-Air

Respirator with Escape SCBA Chem. Resistant Clothing

Chem.Resistant Inner and OuterGloves & Boots

OPTIONAL: Hard Hat

Coveralls Face shield Disposable Gloves Boot Covers Long Cotton Underwear

Level B Equipment

Level C PPE


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Same skin protection asLevel B PPE

Lesser degree ofrespiratory protection,the contaminates areknown.

Air Purifying Respirators(APRs) with compatible

cartridges.

Level C PPE

Level C PPE


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RECOMMENDED: Air Purifying Respirator (APR) Chem. Resistant Clothing Chem.Resistant Inner and Outer Gloves & Boots

OPTIONAL: Hard Hat Coveralls Face shield

Disposable Gloves Boot Covers Long Cotton Underwear

Level C PPE

Level D PPE


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Minimal Skin Protection

No Respiratory ProtectionNormal work clothes, fire fighting

turnout gear are level D

Level D PPE

Level D PPE


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RECOMMENDED: Hard Hat Coveralls Safety Glasses

Safety shoesOPTIONAL: Hearing protection Face shield Disposable Gloves

Boot Covers Long Cotton Underwear

Level D PPE

Limitations


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Each level of PPE has limitations.Visibility

Mobility

Heat StressProtection

All PPE must be compatible with the

substance that you are working with,based on hazard assessment.



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ed ca Su e a ce

Protection of Employees Health

Detecting pre-existing disease or medicalconditions that may place an employee

performing certain tasks in risk.

Minimizing individual exposures at theworkplace, so that the disease process is

never initiated.



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Site Medical ProgramComponents

Surveillance

Treatment

Record keeping

Program review



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Pre-employment screenings

Periodic medical exams

Follow up exams

After injury or overexposure Exam after notifying employer of

symptoms which may be relatedto exposure.

Termination exam



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AffectedEmployeesEmployees who are, or

may be exposed toPELs of hazardoussubstances or healthhazards for 30 days ormore per year

Employees who weara respirator for 30 daysor more per year

Members of organizedHAZMAT teams

Employees who areinjured as a result ofoverexposure during asite emergency or whoshow symptoms of illnessthat may have resultedfrom overexposure tohazardous substances.

Monitoring & Sampling


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g p g

HazardousAtmospheres

Explosive

Toxic

Oxygen deficient

Oxygen enriched

Radioactive



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g p g

Identify and quantifyairborne contaminantson and off site.

Track changes in aircontaminants thatoccur over the lifetimeof the incident.

Assist in defining workzones

Ensure proper selectionof work practices andengineering controls.

Determine the level ofworker protectionneeded

Identify additionalmedical monitoringneeds



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g p g

Direct ReadingInstruments

Multi-gas

detectors

Dose-rate meters

Colormetric tubes

PID

LaboratoryAnalysis

Gas sampling

bags

Filters

Sorbents

Wet collectionmethods



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g p g

Perimeter monitoring

Zone requirements

Periodic monitoring

Work in a different area

Different operations, i.e.demolition vs. collection

Different contaminants

Obvious liquidcontamination, spills orlagoons

Personal Monitoring

High risk employees

Area samples

Industrial hygienetechniques

Medical surveillancerequirements

Illumination


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FOOT AREA ORCANDLES OPERATIONS

5

3

5

10

30

General Site

Excavation, Storage

Warehouses, Tunnels

General Shops

Offices

Sanitation


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Potable Water

Nonpotable Water

Toilet facilities

Food handling

Washing facilities

Shower and change

rooms

Safe Work Practices


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Confined Space Procedures

Control of hazardous energy (Lock out)

Fall Protection

Material/Waste Handling

Confined Space


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Limited entry and exit

Large enough and soconfigured to allow a

person to enter andperform work

Not design forcontinuous humanoccupancy

Confined Space


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Permit RequiredContains or has the

potential to contain a

hazardous atmospherePotential for engulfment

Inwardly converging walls

Any other recognized

serious safety or healthhazard.

Confined Space


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TrainingRequirements

Entrant

Attendant

Supervisor

Rescue Team

Permit RequirementsDefine the work

Evaluate all hazards

Monitoringrequirements

Protection from allhazards

Names and numberof entrants

ETC.


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Material Handling

Hazards


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Detonation

Fires

Explosions

Vapor Generation

Physical Injury

Drum Handling


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29 CFR 1910 and 1926 contain OSHAstandards for chemical containersand their handling.

40 CFR 265 contains EPArequirements for waste containersand storage areas.

49 CFR 171-178 (DOT) specifiescontainer standards and shippingprocedures for hazardous wastes.

Drum Inspection


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Monitor conditions in theimmediate vicinity of drums.

Perform visual inspection ofdrums.

Classify drums intopreliminary hazardcategories.

Drum Inspection


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Look for:

Symbols, words, marksindicating contents.

Signs of deterioration.

Signs that the drum isunder pressure.

Drum type. Configuration of

drum head.

Handling


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The purpose of handling is to:

Respond to any obvious safety problems

Unstack and orient drums for sampling

Organize drums into different areas

Planning


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A preliminary plan should contain:

Extent of handling necessary

Personnel selected for the job

Appropriate procedures based on the

hazards associated with the probable

drumcontents

Types Of Containers


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Radioactive Waste Explosive or Shock

Sensitive

Waste Bulging Drums Lab Pack Drums Leaking, Open and

Deteriorated Drums Buried Drums


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Decontamination

Purpose Of Decon


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Cleans PPE & equipment

Protects workers

Prevents further contamination

Protects environment

Protects community

Zones


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6 5 4 3 2 1

HOTLINE

Outer Glove

Removal

Boot Cover

Removal

Tape

Removal

Boot Cover &

Glove Rinse

Boot Cover &

Glove Wash

Segregated

Equipment Drop

EXCLUSION ZONE


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MAXIMUMDECONTAMINATION

LAYOUT

7

8

10

12

13

14

15

16

17

18 19

CONT AMINATION

CONTROL LINE

Suit/Safety Boot Wash

Inner Glove Removal

Face Piece Removal

Redress

Suit/Boot/Glove Rinse

Inner Glove Wash

Inner Clothing Removal

Inner Glove Rinse

Splash Suit Removal

Safety Boot Removal

Field Wash

Canister

or

Mask

Change

9

SUPPORT ZONE

Level B Protection

CONTAMINATION REDUCTION ZONE

11 SCBA Backpack Removal

Decon Methods


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Physical

Chemical

Combination

Health And Safety


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Decontamination methods may:

Be incompatible with hazardous

substances.

Be incompatible with equipment.

Pose a direct health hazard to workers.

Decon Equipment


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Generally selected based on availability

Tanks

Brushes

Buckets

Storage Containers


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Spill Response

Assume that


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ALL SPILLED MATERIALSARE DANGEROUS

Fighting A Spill


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Chemical Inactivation

and

Absorption


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Tabletop Drill

Map


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Storm Drain

Drums

ABANDONED

VEHICLE

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24 Hour Hazwoper