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QUITINA E QUITOSANA PRODUZIDAS A PARTIR DE RESDUOS DE CAMARO E SIRI:AVALIAO DO PROCESSO EM ESCALA PILOTO

CATARINA MOURA1; PATRCIA MUSZINSKI1; CRISTIANO SCHMIDT1; JANANA ALMEIDA1; LUIZ PINTO21Graduandos ! En"n#ar$a d A%$!n&os

2 Pro'ssor D(ar&a!n&o d )u*!$+a , -URG1. 2La/ora&0r$o d O(ras Un$&3r$as , D) , -URG

Rua En"4 A%'rdo Hu+#. 567 , CEP 892:18:: R$o Granda#oo4+o!4/r. (a&r$+$a!?@=#o&!a$%4+o!. n"a=#o&!a$%4+o!.Bana$na!ora%s=$"4+o!4/r. d!($n&o=4'ur"4/r

RESUMOO /$o(o%*!ro 15FNa+&$%D"%u+osa!$na o !a$s a/undan& n+on&rado na na&ur?a. d(o$s da +%u%os4 Suadno!$nao usua% u$&$na. u dr$a da (a%ara "r"a chiton. s$"n$'$+ando u! rs&$!n&o (ro&&or (ara $nr&/rados4 Au$&$na n+on&rada no osu%&o d +rus&3+os. na (ard +%u%ar d 'un"os ! ou&ros !a&r$a$s /$o%0"$+os4 D$do asua rsa&$%$dad. (od sr u&$%$?ada +o!o a"n& '%o+u%an& no &ra&a!n&o d '%un&s. +o!o adsorn& na +%ar$'$+ao d0%os (r$n+$(a%!n& (ara (roduo d u$&osana4 As (r$n+$(a$s 'on&s +o!r+$a$s da u$&$na so os rs*duos d +a!aro. s$r$ %a"os&a4 O +a!aro a(rsn&a na sua +o!(os$o +r+a d 7 a 6 d u$&$na. o s$r$. d 17 a 2:4 A (ar&$r da dsa+&$%aoa%+a%$na da u$&$na o/&!s a u$&osana. u! +o(o%*!ro /$od"rad3% +ons&$&u*do d un$dads d D"%u+osa!$na u +on&!u! "ru(o a!$no %$r4 A u$&osana (od sr u&$%$?ada ! u! "rand n!ro d a(%$+as $ndus&r$a$s. dn&r as ua$sds&a+a!s /$o+o!(a&$/$%$dad. /$od"rada/$%$dad. (ro(r$dads an&$/a+&r$+$da. !u%s$'$+an& u%an&4 O o/B&$o ds&&ra/a%#o 'o$ a o/&no d u$&$na (roduo d u$&osana a (ar&$r d rs*duos d +a!aro s$r$ d $nds&r$as (su$ras%o+a$s. $sando a u! !%#or a(ro$&a!n&o ds&as !a&r$as(r$!as. aa%$andos o (ro+sso ! s+a%a ($%o&o4

PALAVRAS-CHAVE)u$&$na. u$&osana. rs*duos da $nds&r$a (su$ra4

ABSTRACTOBTAINMENT OF CHITIN AND PRODUCTION OF CHITOSAN FROM RESIDUES OF SHRIMP AND CRAB

$o(o%$!r 15FNa+&$%D"%u+osa!$n $s !os& a/undan& 'ound $n na&ur. a'&r +%%u%os4 Usua%%> $s na!d+#$&$n. dr$d 'ro! Gr@ ord chiton. !an$n" a (ro&+&$ +or$n" o' $nr&/ra&s4 C#$&$n $s 'ound $n os@%&ons o' +rus&a+ans and $n +%%u%ar a%% o' 'un"$ and or /$o%o"$+a% !a&r$a%s4 Du &o $&s rsa&$%$&> $& +an /usd as '%o++u%n& a"n& $n &ra&!n& o' ''%un&. as adsor/n& $n +%ar$'$+a&$on o' o$%s. and !a$n%> 'or (rodu+&$on o'+#$&osan4 T# !a$n +o!!r+$a% sour+s o' +#$&$n ar rs$dus o' s#r$!(. +ra/ and %o/s&r4 S#r$!( #as a/ou& 76 o'+#$&$n $n $&s +o!(os$&$on. and +ra/ #as a/ou& 172:4 T# a%@a%$n da+&$%a&$on o' +#$&$n (rodu+s +#$&osan. a /$od"rada/%+o(o%>!r +o!(osd o' un$&s o' D"%u+osa!$n +on&a$n$n" a 'r a!$no "rou(4 C#$&osan +an / usd $n sra% $ndus&r$a%a((%$+a&$ons du &o s +#ara+&r$s&$+s an&$/a+&r$+$da%. !u%s$'$+an&. and +#%an& (ro(r&$s. /$o+o!(a&$/$%$&>. and/$od"rada/$%$&>4 T# o/B+&$ o' $s or@ as &o o/&a$n +#$&$n and &o (rodu+ +#$&osan 'ro! rs$dus o' s#r$!( and +ra/ o' %o+a% '$s#$n" $ndus&r>. a$!$n" a& a /&&r (%o$&a&$on o' s ra !a&r$a%s and a%ua&$on o' (ro+ss $n ($%o& s+a%4

KEY WORDSC#$&$n. +#$&osan. rs$dus o' '$s#$n" $ndus&r>4

1 INTRODUO

O ras$% (ossu$ "rand (o&n+$a% (su$ro. ! u! %$&ora% as&o 3r$as /a+$as #$dro"r3'$+as. a%! d u!ad$rs$dad d 'auna au3&$+a4 A (roduo d (s+ado no ras$% ! &r!os d +a(&uras ds!/ar+adas (%a (s+a&ra&$a. a$+u%&ura !ar$n#a +on&$nn&a%. &! a&$n"$do n*$s (r0$!os a u! !$%#o d &on%adas anua$s Q164

U!a (ro+u(ao da $nds&r$a (su$ra a&ua%!n& d$? rs($&o ao ds&$no aduado (ara susrs*duos. d !odo u as a"rsss ao !$o a!/$n& sBa! +ada ? !a$s rdu?$das4 Na !d$da ! ua "rao d rs*duos d +a!aro s$r$ /as&an& s$"n$'$+a&$a u &a$s rs*duos so +ons&$&u*dos (oru$&$na. (ro&*nas. +ar/ona&o d +3%+$o ($"!n&os. &! #a$do "rand $n&rss ! su ra(ro$&a!n&o./us+ando a%&rna&$as sua d$s(os$o '$na%. +o! $s&as ao dsno%$!n&o d (rodu&os d a%or a"r"ado Q54

O +a!aro (ossu$ d 7 a 6 d u$&$na. o s$r$. d 17 a 2: Q1. 224 Sus rs*duos so nor!a%!n&u&$%$?ados (ara a (roduo d 'ar$n#a d (s+ado. (or! ss uso rdu? a ua%$dad nu&r$+$ona% do (rodu&o4

U!a 'or!a d a"r"ar a%or aos rs*duos do +a!aro do s$r$ a (roduo d u$&osana. u&$%$?ada na !d$+$na nas $nds&r$as a%$!n&*+$a. 'ar!a+u&$+a u*!$+a4

O /$o(o%*!ro 15FNa+&$%D"%u+osa!$na o !a$s a/undan& n+on&rado na na&ur?a. d(o$s da+%u%os4 Sua dno!$nao usua% u$&$na. &r!o u dr$a da (a%ara "r"a chiton. s$"n$'$+ando u!rs&$!n&o (ro&&or (ara $nr&/rados Q64

A u$&$na n+on&rada no osu%&o d +rus&3+os. na (ard +%u%ar d 'un"os ! ou&ros !a&r$a$s/$o%0"$+os4 Ess /$o(o%*!ro. d$do a sua rsa&$%$dad. (od sr u&$%$?ado +o!o a"n& '%o+u%an& no&ra&a!n&o d '%un&s. +o!o adsorn& na +%ar$'$+ao d 0%os. (r$n+$(a%!n& na (roduo d u$&osana4Ass$!. a u$&osana. u (ossu$ a%or +o!r+$a% !a$or (ro(r$dads !a$s $n&rssan&s (ara V!/$&o $ndus&r$a% '$ns d (su$sa. &ornas u!a a%&rna&$a d u&$%$?ao (ara a u$&$na4

A u$&$na $nso%% ! 3"ua. so%n&s or"Vn$+os. 3+$dos d$%u*dos 3%+a%$s. a(rsn&a u!a 'or!a d s0%$do+r$s&a%$no ou a!or'o4 A(rsn&a &a!/! &rs d$'rn&s 'or!as (o%$!0r'$+as. ds+r$&as +o!o Wu$&$na. u$&$na Xu$&$na. d(ndndo d sua s&ru&ura +r$s&a%$na. da d$s(os$o d suas +ad$as da (rsna d !o%+u%as d 3"ua4

A '$/ra na&ura% u$&$na. (r+ursora da u$&osana. a !a$s a/undan& d(o$s da +%u%os. sua s&ru&ura s!%#an& a ssa '$/ra "&a%4 A d$'rna s&ru&ura% n&r as duas '$/ras s d ao "ru(o #$dro$%a%o+a%$?ado na (os$o 2. u na u$&$na s&3 su/s&$&u*do (or "ru(os a+&oa!$no Q54

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A u$&osana u!a (o%$a!$na %$nar u (ossu$ "ru(a!n&os a!$no d$s(on*$s (ara ras u*!$+as. aosua$s so a&r$/u*das as (ro(r$dads d !a$or $n&rss4 Ta$s "ru(a!n&os (od! adu$r$r u!a +ar"a (os$&$a !(rsna d so%us 3+$das4 Da* sua +a(a+$dad d so%u/$%$?ars ! 3+$dos or"Vn$+os. o u +ons&$&u$ u!a das(r$n+$(a$s +ara+&r*s&$+as u d$'rn+$a a u$&osana ! r%ao u$&$na Q64

A u$&osana o/&$da (%a dsa+&$%ao a%+a%$na da u$&$na N, a+&$%"%u+osa!$naF4 As +ond$s dssarao +on'r! u$&osana suas +ara+&r*s&$+as (r$n+$(a$s. +o!o o (so !o%+u%ar !d$o do /$o(o%*!ro o "raud dsa+&$%ao. Con'or! ssas +ara+&r*s&$+as s d&r!$na! os ra!os d u&$%$?ao da u$&osana o/&$da Q64

O u d$s&$n"u a u$&osana da u$&$na a su/s&$&u$o do "ru(o a+&a!$no na (os$o 2 (%o "ru(o a!$no4A (ur$'$+ao da u$&osana '$&a u&$%$?andos sua +a(a+$dad (o%$+a&$[n$+a; uando (ur$'$+ada. n+on&ra

s na 'or!a d "%. u s+o a& a&$n"$r a u!$dad +o!r+$a%4Dsd u s &o!ou +on#+$!n&o da $!(or&Vn+$a do o%u! d $n'or!as. /! +o!o dos /n'*+$os

a(%$+as da u$&osana. o s&udo d suas +ara+&r*s&$+as o a(r'$oa!n&o do (ro+sso d (roduo ! s&ornando +ada ? !a$s 'a+$%$&ados Q54 As a(%$+as da u$&osana ar$a! dsd o &ra&a!n&o d s"o&os $ndus&r$a$sa& a +on'+o d '$os d su&ura. ou +ura&$os +o! (ro(r$dads /a+&r$+$das. 'un"$+$das +$+a&r$?an&s4

Mu$&as so as a(%$+as da u$&$na da u$&osana. d$do a sua rsa&$%$dad4 A ar$dad d a(%$+as a$nda !a$or uando so $n+%u*dos os 3r$os dr$a&$os d u$&osana o/&$dos (or !$o d ras u*!$+as ! uso $nsr$dos d$'rn&s "ru(os 'un+$ona$s s suas !o%+u%as. +on'r$ndo d$'rn&s (ro(r$dads a(%$+as Q.194

D$do s +ara+&r*s&$+as d /$od"rada/$%$dad. /$o+o!(a&$/$%$dad #$dro'$%$+$dad. a%! do 'a&o d u(ro! d u! r+urso na&ura% rno3% a/undan&. u$&$na u$&osana &! s$do %ar"a!n& u&$%$?adas ! s&udos+o! $s&as ao &ra&a!n&o d '%un&s. sndo !(r"adas +o!o a"n&s u%an&s d !&a$s. +o!o '%o+u%an&s.+o!o adsorn&s d +oran&s. adsorn&s d Vn$ons !&3%$+os. ou&ras a(%$+as Q9. 8. 1:. 11. 12. 1. 24

O o/B&$o ds& &ra/a%#o 'o$ a o/&no d u$&$na (roduo d u$&osana a (ar&$r d rs*duos d+a!aro s$r$ d $nds&r$as (su$ras %o+a$s. $sando ao !%#or a(ro$&a!n&o dssas !a&r$as(r$!as.aa%$andos o (ro+sso ! s+a%a ($%o&o4

MATERIAL E M!TODOS

"1 M#$%&'#-(&')#

A !a&r$a(r$!a u&$%$?ada. rs*duos d +a!aro d s$r$. (ara o/&no d u$&$na (roduo du$&osana. 'o$ o/&$da nas $nds&r$as %o+a$s d (ro+ssa!n&o d (s+ado4

" P&*+,* ., */$,02* ., 34'$'0#

O (ro+sso d o/&no d u$&$na s"u as &a(as d (r&ra&a!n&o. ds!$nra%$?ao.ds(ro&$n$?ao. dsodor$?ao s+a"! Q7. 21. 29. 2. +o!o a(rsn&ado na -$"ura 14 Essas &a(as'ora! o&$!$?adas ! s&udos an&r$ors ra%$?ados no La/ora&0r$o d O(ras Un$&3r$as

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O (r&ra&a!n&o +o! 3"ua +orrn&. u!a das o(ras (r%$!$nars o/&no d u$&$na. &! +o!oo/B&$o a s(arao do !a&r$a% "ross$ro. n&r %s !a&r$a% "&a%. (ors d &+$do ou&ros !a&r$a$s un&ua%!n& (ossa! a+o!(an#ar o rs*duo4 No +aso dos rs*duos d s$r$. ss (r&ra&a!n&o $n+%u$ a$nda!oa"!. a '$! d o/&r !nor "ranu%o!&r$a4

A &a(a d ds!$nra%$?ao &! (or o/B&$o rdu?$r o &or d +$n?as da !a&r$a(r$!a4 \ ra%$?ada +o!3+$do +%or*dr$+o 2.7

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O (ro+sso d (roduo d u$&osana ra%$?ado a (ar&$r da dsa+&$%ao da u$&$na. ! u a u$&$nara" +o! so%uo d NaOH 57^ 52.F4 Essa rao o+orr ! u! ra&or +o! a"$&ao au+$!n&o4 A&!(ra&ura do ra&or sr3 !an&$da +ons&an& a 1:^C. duran& duas #oras4 Ao &r!$no do &!(o d rao ra%$?ada u!a %aa"! +o! 3"ua +orrn&. r&$rando o +sso do ra"n&. o u s r$'$+a (or !$o da!d$o do (H Q274

D(o$s da dsa+&$%ao da u$&$na o/&!s a u$&osana. s&a n&o d (assar (or u! (ro+sso d(ur$'$+ao4 Par&$ndo da u$&osana. (r(aras u! sa% +o! +on+n&rao d u$&osana 1. ! so%uo d 1

3+$do a+&$+o. da ua% s o/&r3 a u$&osana d$sso%$da. B3 u s&a so%% ! 3+$dos or"Vn$+os d$%u*dos a&(H d a(ro$!ada!n& 9.:F4 A so%uo +n&r$'u"ada (ara u sBa (oss*% r&$rars o !a&r$a% u no 'o$d$sso%$do o/&r u!a so%uo +o! !nor uan&$dad d $!(ur?a4 A u$&osana (r+$($&ada ! so%usa%+a%$nas a& (H d a(ro$!ada!n& 12.74 A(0s '$&a a nu&ra%$?ao +o! 3+$do a& (H 6.:4 A s(arao '$&a (or +n&r$'u"ao4 A s+a"! '$&a ! s+ador d /andBas. a& a u!$dad +o!r+$a%4 Ass$! s o/&! au$&osana (ur$'$+ada. +o!o !os&ra a -$"ura 2 Q294

"6 M,$*.*7*8'# #0#79$'+#

As an3%$ss u*!$+as 'ora! ra%$?adas duran& &odas as &a(as do (ro+sso !a&r$a(r$!a.ds!$nra%$?ao. ds(ro&$n$?ao. dsodor$?ao. dsa+&$%ao (rodu&o '$na%4 Os !&odos ana%*&$+os da+ara+&r$?ao s"u$ra! as nor!as da A4O4A4C4 1887. ua$s 'ora! u!$dad. d&r!$nada (%o !&odo"ra$!&r$+o; as +$n?as (%o !&odo d !u'%a os %$(*d$os (%o !&odo So#%&; an3%$s d n$&ro"n$o &o&a% (%o!&odo KB%da#%. ! u os 'a&ors d +onrso u&$%$?ados (ara N(ro&*na. Nu$&$na Nu$&osana 'ora!rs(+&$a!n& 9.27. 15.58 11.584

Ta!/! 'ora! d&r!$nados o "rau d dsa+&$%ao a !assa !o%+u%ar da u$&osana (ur$'$+ada.+on'or! a(rsn&ado a s"u$r

Grau d dsa+&$%ao

Para a d&r!$nao do "rau d dsa+&$%ao 'o$ u&$%$?ado o !&odo d &$&u%ao (o&n+$o!&r$+o %$narQ17. 28. ! u as a!os&ras d u$&osana 'ora! d$sso%$das ! 3+$do +%or*dr$+o :.1NF &$&u%adas +o!#$dr0$do d s0d$o :.1NF. nas 'a$as d (H 2.: a 9.:4

A +ura d &$&u%ao %$nar 'o$ o/&$da (%o&andos _` (%o o%u! +orrs(ondn& d NaOH4 O o%u! dNaOH no (on&o d &r!$dad da &$&u%ao. Y LF. 'o$ s&$!ado &ra(o%ando a +ura %$nar d &$&u%ao (ara_`:4

O a%or do _` do o%u! +orrs(ondn& ao NaOH ad$+$onado 'o$ +a%+u%ado u&$%$?ando a Euao 1.!os&rada a s"u$r4

[ ] [ ]( )+

+= OHH.

N

VV'Y

B

: 1F

OndYo o o%u! da so%uo $n$+$a% d u$&osana LF;Y o o%u! do NaOH ad$+$onado LF. N a +on+n&rao d NaOH NF4Para o +3%+u%o do "rau d dsa+&$%ao da a!os&ra d u$&osana u&$%$?ara!s as Euas 2 .

!os&radas a s"u$r4

( ) ( )[ ] 1::2:5191 x/W/%DD += 2F

( ) 1000/eBAA

VNVN = F

OndNA a +on+n&rao d HC% NF;YA o o%u! d HC% !LF;N a +on+n&rao d NaOH NF;Y o o%u! do NaOH no (on&o d &r!$dad !LF;b a !assa da a!os&ra "F. 191 +orrs(ond !assa !o%ar da un$dad D"%u+osa!$na ! "4!o% 14

Y&or. R$o Grand. 191

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Massa !o%+u%ar

Para a d&r!$nao da !assa !o%+u%ar. o !&odo u&$%$?ado 'o$ o $s+os$!&r$+o (ara (o%*!ros. ! uas a!os&ras d u$&osana 'ora! d$sso%$das ! 3+$do a+&$+o :.1MF. +%or&o d s0d$o :.2MF 3"ua ds&$%ada4En&o 'o$ !d$da a $s+os$dad das a!os&ras ! +$n+o d$'rn&s +on+n&ras. ar$ando d :.::1 a:.:12"4!L1. ! r(%$+as. 'ora! ana%$sadas &!(ra&ura d 27^C4

Para an3%$s da $s+os$dad das so%us u&$%$?ous u! $s+os*!&ro Cannon-ns@ !od%o S+#o&&

Gra&. GMH , D976184 No n&an&o. (r$!$ra!n& s o/& a $s+os$dad +$n!3&$+a F +!24s1F dasso%us4 A (ar&$r ds&a +a%+u%ous a $s+os$dad s(+*'$+a cs(F; (ara a s&$!a&$a da $s+os$dad $n&r*ns+au&$%$?ous a uao d Hu""$ns. s"undo S$!a% Q25. +on'or! a Euao 54

[ ] [ ] c..Kc

sp 2

+= 5F

Ondcs( a $s+os$dad s(+*'$+a;

)/( csp !L4"1F a $s+os$dad rdu?$da;K a +ons&an& 3%$da (ara +ada (o%*!ro. Qc !L4"1F a $s+os$dad $n&r*ns+a4

A $s+os$dad $n&r*ns+a da so%uo o/&$da (or !$o d u! "r3'$+o d cs(

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E$#(#P,&+,0$4#7 ,) &,7#2* ? )#$%&'#-(&')# ;

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TAELA 9 , Pr+n&ua% d %$(*d$os (ara +ada &a(a do (ro+sso ! /as !$da

E$#(#L'(9.'* ;

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-IGURA 5 , Cura do "rau d dsa+&$%ao

A&ras da -$"ura 5. &ra(o%ando a +ura %$nar d &$&u%ao (ara _`:. s&$!ous Y :.:199 LF4

A Ta/%a a(rsn&a as an3%$ss d u!$dad. +$n?as. !assa !o%+u%ar $s+os$!&r$+a !d$a !&odo$s+os$!&r$+oF "rau d dsa+&$%ao &$&u%ao (o&n+$o!&r$+a %$narF da u$&osana o/&$da a (ar&$r da u$&$na&ra*da dos rs*duos d +a!aro s$r$4

TAELA , Cara+&r$?ao da u$&osana (rodu?$da

R,9.4*U)'.#.,

;

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Q1 ALSARRA. I4 A4; ETIGERI. S4 S4; ZHANG. H4; EYANS.4 A4; NEAU. S4 H4 Mo%+u%ar $"#& and d"r o' da+&>%a&$on ''+&s on%$(as%oadd +#$&osan /ad +#ara+&r$s&$+s4 Biomaterials. 4 2. (4 96955. 2::24

Q2 AOAC , Asso+$a&$on o' O''$+$a% Ana%>&$+a% C#!$s&s4 Official etho!s of "nal#sis. 18874

Q AGGIO. O4 C4; STADLER. E4; LARANJEIRAS. M4 C4 M4 E&rao (r(arao d u$&$na u$&osana4$e%ista !e &'(mica )n!'strial.D(ar&a!n&o d )u*!$+a. U-SC. 1884

Q5 CRAYEIRO. A4 A4; CRAYEIRO. A4 C4; )UEIROZ. D4 C4 &'itosana a '$/ra do 'u&uro4 Paru d Dsno%$!n&o T+no%0"$+o ,

PADETEC. -or&a%?a. 18884Q7 DALLARIDA. Y4 -4 Otimi*a+,o !o processo !e o-ten+,o !e 'itosana a partir !a casca !e camar,o4R%a&0r$o -$na% da IC so! su%'odr$a&$s o' +#$&osan4/ar-oh#!rate ol#mers. 4 5. (4 15. 18864

Q8 GUIAL. E4; MILOT. C4; ETERRADOSSI. O4; GAU--IER. C4; DOMARD. A4 S&ud> o' !o%>/da& $on sor(&$on on +#$&osan "% /a/s />d$''rn& s(+&o!&r$+ ana%>ss4)nternational 3o'rnal of Biolo0ical acromolec'les. 4 25. (4 5878. 18884

Q1: GUIAL. E4; MILOT. C4; ROUSS_. J4 In'%un+ o' #>dro%>s$s !+#an$s!s on !o%>/da& sor&$on $sor!s us$n" on +#$&osan44eparation4cience an! 5echonolo0#. 4 7. n4 6. (4 1:211:. 2:::4

Q11 GUIAL. E4; MILOT. C4; TOIN. M4 J4 M&a%an$on sor&$on /> +#$&osan /ads u$%$/r$u! and @$n&$+ s&ud$s4 )n!'strial an! 6n0ineerin0/hemistr# $esearch. 4 6. ( 1575179. 1884

Q12 GUIAL. E4; YON O--ENDERG SbEENE_. N4; ZIKAN. M4 C4; YICENT. T4; TOIN. J4 M4 Co!(&$&$ sor(&$on o' (%a&$nu! and(a%%ad$u! on +#$&osan dr$a&$s4)nternational 3o'rnal of Biolo0ical acromolec'les. 4 2. (4 5:15:. 2::14

Q1 HUANG. C4; CHEN. S4; PAN. J4 R4 Optimal con!ition for mo!ification of chitosan7 a -iopol#mer for coa0'lation of colloi!al particles4Water $esearch. 4 5. n4 . (4 1:761:92. 2:::4

Q15 JAA-ARI. K4; ELMALEH. S; COMA. J4; ENKHOUJA. K4 Eu$%$/r$u! and @$n&$+s o' n$&ra& r!oa% /> (ro&ona&d +ross%$n@d +#$&osan4Water 4". 4 26. n4 1. Jan4 2::14

Q17 JIANG. f4; CHEN. L4; ZHONG. b4 I4 A n %$nar (o&n&$o!&r$+ &$&ra&$on !od 'or d&r!$na&$on o' da+&>%a&$on d"r o'+#$&osan4 /ar-oh#!rate ol#mers. 4 75. (4 57659. 2::4

Q19 KUMAR. M4 N4 Y4 R4 A r$ o' +#$&$n and +#$&osan a((%$+a&$ons4$eacti%e an! 8'nctional ol#mers. 4 59. (4 126. 2:::4

Q16 -ERRARI. L4 4 N4 CEPERG Cn&ro d Psu$sa Gs&o dos R+ursos Psu$ros La"unars Es&uar$nos. R$o Grand , RSIAMAF4D$s(on*% ! i$$(:'/#)#"'/#)#"8*"/&j4 A+sso ! 1: !a$o 2::74

Q1 MATHUR. N4 K4; NARANG. K4 C4 C#$&$n and +#$&osanrsa&$% (o%>sa++#ar$ds 'ro! !ar$n an$!a%s4 3o'rnal of /hemical 6!'cation. 496. n4 11. (4 8852. 188:4

Q18 MORAES. R4 S4; RUIZ. b4 A4 $elat9rio !e inicia+,o cient(fica4R$o Grand. -URG. 18814

Q2: MOURA. J4 M4; -ERREIRA. A4 -4 C4; SILYA. -4 M4 M4; RIZZI. J4; PINTO. L4 A4 A4 O-ten+,o !e 'itina a partir !e carapa+as !e siri usod u! (%anBa!n&o (r$!n&a% na &a(a d ds!$nra%$?ao4 E)AMA , En+on&ro d )ua%$dad dos A%$!n&os M$o A!/$n&.R$o Grand. 2::54

Q21 MOURA. J4 M4; RIZZI. J4; PINTO. L4 A4 A4 O/&no d u$&$na a (ar&$r d rs*duos d s$r$ o&$!$?ao da &a(a d ds!$nra%$?ao4Tra/a%#o a(rsn&ado no fIII CIC , Con"rsso d In$+$ao C$n&*'$+a YI En+on&ro da P0sGraduao. P%o&as. RS. 2::54

Q22 NACZK. M4; bILLIAMS. J4; RENNAN. K4; LI_ANAPATHIRANA. C4; SHAHIDI. -4 Co!(os$&$ona% +#ara+&r$s&$+s o' "rn +ra/ /arcin'smaenasF4 (4 94 2::54

Q2 SCHMUHL. R4; KRIEG. M4 H4; KEIZER. K4 Adsor(&$on o' Cu IIF and Cr YIF $ons /> +#$&osan @$n&$+s and u$%$/r$u! s&ud$s4 Water 4".4 26. (4 16. 2::14

Q25 SIMAL. A4 L4 6str't'ra e proprie!a!es !os pol(meros4 So Car%os Ed4 da U-SCar. 2::24

Q27 SOARES. N4 M4; MOURA. C4 M4; RIZZI. J4; YASCONCELOS. S4 R4; PINTO. L4 A4 A4 O/&no (ur$'$+ao d u$&osana a (ar&$r drs*duos d +a!aro ! s+a%a ($%o&o4 Tra/a%#o a(rsn&ado no YI INIC , En+on&ro d In$+$ao C$n&*'$+a , La&$noA!r$+ano. SoJos dos Ca!(os. SP. 2::24

Q29 SOARES. N4 M4; MOURA. C4 M4; RIZZI. J4; YASCONCELOS. S4 R4; PINTO. L4 A4 A4 Pur$'$+ao d u$&osana o/&$da a (ar&$r d rs*duosd +a!aro das $nds&r$as d (s+ado da +$dad do R$o Grand4 Tra/a%#o a(rsn&ado no E)AMA , En+on&ro d )ua%$dad dosA%$!n&os M$o A!/$n&. R$o Grand. 2::24

Q26 SOARES. N4 M4; MOURA. C4 M4; RIZZI. J4; YASCONCELOS. S4 R4; SANTOS. Y4 O4 4; PINTO. L4 A4 A4 Es&udo da (roduo du$&osana a (ar&$r d rs*duos d +a!aro ! s+a%a ($%o&o4 Tra/a%#o a(rsn&ado no fYI CRICTE , Con"rsso R"$ona% d In$+$aoC$n&*'$+a T+no%0"$+a ! En"n#ar$a. IBu*. RS. 2::14

Q2 SOUZA. M4 P4; PINTO. M4 L4 M4; ATISTA. L4 M4; RUSCHEINSK_. N4; PINTO. L4 A4 A4 S+a"! d u$&osana o/&$da a (ar&$r drs*duos d +a!aro an3%$s das &+n$+as d %$&o d Borro /andBa4 Tra/a%#o a(rsn&ado no IY Con"rsso ras$%$ro d In$+$aoC$n&*'$+a ! En"n#ar$a )u*!$+a. UME. Mar$n"3. PR. 2::14

Q28 TAN. S4 C4; KHOR. E4; TAN. T4 K4; bONG. S4 M4 T# d"r o' da+&>%a&$on o' +#$&osan ado+a&$n" '$rs& dr$a&$ UYs(+&ro(#o&o!&r> !od o' d&r!$na&$on4 5alanta. 4 57. (4 61618. 1884

Q: TENG. L4 b4; KHOR. E4; TAN. T4 K4; LIM. L4 _4; TAN. S4 C4 Con+urrn& (rodu+&$on o' +#$&osan 'ro! s#r$!( s#%%s and 'un"$4/ar-oh#!rate research. 4 2. (4 :719. 2::14

Y&or. R$o Grand. 191

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Y&or. R$o Grand. 191