6poj I BOJHOCAHHTETCKH nPErJlE.Q Crp.H. 105

UDC 355/359:617(497.11)(091)

3aQeu.H Me,lJ,Hu.HHe, xHpyprHje H paTHexHpyprHje Ha TJlY Cp6Hje y npeHCTopHjH H y

CTapOM BeKy

Milne 11 f1haTo8l1h

BojltoMelJlIUlillct\a aRalleMltja. KmlHUK3 33 OIlUlTY 11 aacKynapHy xllpyprllJY,

6eorpaJI

K lj u ~ n ere ~ i :

Key words:

istorija medicine; hirurgija, rntna; hjrurskiinstrumenti; Srbija; istorijske gcografske lokacijcjistorija medicine, drevna.

h.islory of medicine; war surgery; surgical instruments;Serbia; historical gcografic locations; history ofmedicine, ancient.

CBII npJfKa31f I1cToplfjarn pa3Boja Mcnl1Ulllie If Xlipyp­rllje y Cp6ujlt 1l0'Hltby 06114HO on VII IIJ1Il VIII UCKa, OnllonaCKa Cp6a Ha OarlK3tl. Taj ,Uona33K CnoBeHa lIuje nOT­

I1Y"O pa:JjauHbcH, a npet.1a HCKJ.IM HOBlljllM Ca3H3IbIlM3 ,uH­

cKyTa61lnlio Je na JIH cy epG" l1011311!n1l 111111 OW1a:H!nll ea

oaJlKaHCKOr nonyocTPBa, nojelulH~1 11CTOpll'lapll npaTe IIC­

TOPlljy cpncKor HapOlla CHC llO 5500. rOll. npc H.C (I. 2).no 1-MIMa, BenUKU IlHllocBponcKIl - cep6cKIl Hapoll uace­

JbaBa II TQKOBC peKe AYHaB3, Mopasc, Huwasc, H6pa, Tj.

lleny 113uawl-bY Cp6lljy. no IbHMa npa""'HtfHO CBIt cBpon­

CKIf Hap0,UJl cy cep6cKoi nopeKlJa, ..,aK JI AplljcsUIl KOjll cy

OCBOjUJ11l I1HLlllj y l, Kao 11 Llpyrn cep6cKu Hapollll KOjll cy

npcKo Mane A.3lfje (!) Jlona:mmt Ha 6anKaH. no IhUMa,

Apern je cep6cKfI 601" pan, a MaLI OfllltfClbC paTa. 3a CBOjC

CT3BOBe IIMajy II MHorc nOTBpllC. HajBchu BlllaHTIIJcKH HC­

Top""mp llCOHIlK XOJIKaKOUJlJ1n nllwe: "Cp6u cy uopoduojciiiopuju, rUo Iioyldauo :mQ,J,(', 3 tl3jschll rpl.(KIl IlCTO­

pH..,ap XCp01l0T ll3 jc TO llaj6pojHIljH 113po.n flocne IIHJlycaKOjll H3CeJb3U3 orpot-tHa npOCTPaHC1'sa 0),1 TCCaJlllje, Mopa-

I ApHjCBUti (APCJtI, ..IUlCMCIIIITtI") nOl<opllnll cy IIlltllljy)]O I 000.

rOll. npc II.C, Mil cy CC OCllMtlJlOBanll II IlPltlCh3TIUll1 "YlITYPy. DBa

lClIJbaJ1yrOllllWlba 6op6a Ol1csal~a jc y aC11I11CltM CllOBUM:l Maxu6xap8TaII Palolaj81la

BC U Kapnara 110 nCpcuje II Erunrn (3). no XOMCpy, Tpat 13­

till cy 6UJIIi nQ3113T1i no CBOjOj paTo60plloCTH. CBOM oB'mp­

CTBY. KOlbapCTBy II BllHorp3,llapcTBy. Y Hmlj3,ll1l jc Ollcuau IIxpa6pu 'pa....aHCKIi KOl-b3HIlK PC30C (4), npctota MIIHXCHCKOM

pyKOflllCy 113 IX UCKa .....CBII C'I06eUll )' C80.\t i"io'lelUKY Cp­6U.MO cy ce 16uml' (5). MMC CJIOUelHl nOTlltlC TCK 1'13 IX BCKa,

a IbllXOBO CTapa IIMC AHTII jc la60paBJI:oCIIO.

OlfUrllCllll0, npeKp3j3lbC IICTOPUJC uapotJ,3 lIa 0811M

npocropUMa 110l.(CJIO je Bch y IbCHOM caMOM :S3lfC'1K)'.

MC~yruM, 6C3 063l1pa .lla JIIoi jc y n1fT31l>Y caMO TCPMIIII0.l10­

wICa pa3JWK8 UJlI1 jc TO BCJlJ1ICa nD,LlUa1Ja BaThICaH3. 6c\.fKOr

lIS0pa, 3ana.nHC HaYKe, repM31lCKC HCTOpUjCKC WKone Jl Kac­

HUjC MOCKOSCKUX MapKcHCTa, y CBaKOM cny....ajy Cp61l Hiley

110WJIII II HaCCJlltJllt "npaJall I1poCTOp", I1pocTOp KOjH je OllY­BeK 6110 aCOMa IllrrcpcCaHl'aH, reorpa~CKIl. nOJmTH'IKH. eKO­

HOMCKII, (nOJho)npIlBpe.uHO H BOjHO. APyra Heno61lTHa HC­

TUlia je ,na cy Ha OBUM npocTopUMa MllrpaU1ljc O.uyBCK "1'11­

cyme, a HajBchc y BpeMe parODa. PaT08ajc MaKap 6IUIO.

CHrypHO cy MHorOBCKOUH3 MHoro6pojHa HaCClb3Bal-ba

II pacCJb3Salba OBHX I1pOCTOpa tJ,OBotJ,lma .no Mcwalba Hapo.na

It CTBapaHHl H08HX eTHII\IKJIX rpyna II Hapo.u3 ca 1I0BHM Ium

CTapllM HMCHIlMa. C .npyre CTp3He, tJ,0 .uaH3Wtbel" Jlaua It BC­

WTa'IKIl cc o.up:.K3Bajy ~1Jl1t CTB3pajy nojcllllHc HaWiJc :sapa.aTIS. IlaUI10IUUIIIIIX, .up>KaUHItX liJ1" BCpCKllX Illnepcca.

Ignjalovic M. Vojnosanil PregI2003: 60(1): 105-110.

CrpaHa 106 BOJHOCAHHTETCKH nPErJlE.!I Iipoj 1

UHJL OBor pa.a.a je .ua npHK3IKC HCJlOBOJbHO nOJHaTC

.neTaJbC ~13 HajpaHHje HCTOpHjC MCllHU,HHC Ii xupypnlje H3

TJIy JlaHaWI:bC Cp611je, r.ue ce >KItBeJlO (II nC4~11I0) u y

HajpaHHjcM HCTOpHjCKOM nep~10J.l.Y, Mucro npe llOJlaCKa

CnoaCU3 H3 baJ1K3H. Daaj ncpHOJJ. jc lIOTllYHO I-ICaCTP3:JKCH

U HcjaeaH, a cae WTO je HC,uOBDJbHQ n03HaTO - HeMHHOB~IO

11M3 BlIme I1CTI1H3. H ca~tO nOCM3TP31:bC 113 .npyror yrna

H3Mche H.upyra'iJ.1je 33JULY4KC. He onpc.n.clbyjylil1 ce Hli 33jCJlHy "HCTlmy", )KCmlMQ caMO lla YK3IKCMO Ii H3 ,upyralJ:l1ja

BI1~Ctt.e HajpaHHje HCTOpHjc H3 TI1Y JlaHawtt>c Cp611jc H 113

TOf yrn3 YK3IKCMO H3 n03H3TC MO,ll3JJlHCTCTC nC4Clh3 yDaOM, HajM31bc nOJH3TOM, ncpl-lo.uy Hawe IicTopHje. PanHCM3 33 UHJb .ua H3 "Mana BpaTa" npCllCT3BII Cp6e Kao uaj­

cTapHjH caponCKIl Hapo.a HJlI1 "Hc6cCKH Hapo,U".

"pCHCTopHja

bop6a 33 onCTaHaK 11 60Jbll iKHBOT H3TcpaJia je npBO­

6HTHC Jby.ne .na npHnHTOMJbaBajy )f(IlBOTlllhC (aKa 8000.ro.n. I1.H.e) H na ce 638C JCMJbOpa,lJ.tbOM (OKO 6 000. I"On.

n.H.c). 113 UCTor p33J10ra Jhy.nH cy nOLJCJHI Ii .na ce y.npy­

>Kyjy. To y.nPY>KliB3tbC Jloscno jc, npcKo nopO,U,HUC, pon3,

nnCMCHa. nnCMCHCKHX CaBCJa, ,U,O ApamBC. 811W3K npOIlJ·

Bo.u3 H cyK06 pa3JIIILJHTliX IlHTCpCCa JlOBOnC J.I .uO YD.PYIKH­

Batba pa.uH 60p6c Ja TC HHTepece. To cy 3aLJCU~1 BOjCKC.

Koja he cc TeK opram13oBaTH ca ¢OPM~IP31"CM .up)f(aBC (OKO

4000. ro,U. n.H.e), KaLla 1I0'HltbC CTapl1 BeK.

CHJ)'PHO je .ua cy JhYJU1 )fUIBCnl1 H3 OBI1M npOCTOp"Ma

Beh y Jl06a naneonHTa (cTapo KaMeHO 1106a AO XIII ~HlJIe­

HujyMa n.H.e) (6). 1-13 IIcpHona l-IeOnina (~tna~c KaMCHO no­

6a XlII-IV M~tnCHl1jYM n.H.c) nOCToje 6pojHa l-IaJlaJHWTa:

J],Otb3 bpatbCSHHa (KO./..l, OuaKa. BcpOBa1'HO 113 Hajpamtjer

HCOJllITCKOr IlCpHo.aa), JlcncHcKII BHp, BIIH'la. C1'apl lC80

(KOIl naH"eBa), rpallau (KOIl JlecKOBua), rOMOJIOBa (yCpeMy) HAnu6yHap.

llcneHCKl1 BHp jc Hace.n.c Koje nOTUlie 113 paHl1jcr HCO­

nl1TCKor ncpHo.ua. nope.ll OCTaJlOr, 3HaYajHo je lla cy Ha~eHC

nnaHCKH rpa~CHe Kyhe nCToyraoHc OCHOBC. no CTaP~IM

rpYKHM IICTOpl1yapHMa TO jc 6Hna 61rma o.uJUIKa CnOBCHa

(HnH Cep6a) - ..OllU KOjll Ipaoe Kyhe". Jl.pyrH cy y TO BpeMC

)f(HBenll Ha OTBOPC~IOM. y nc1iHH3Ma, JCMyHIll.laM3,

cojcHuuaMa. CTap'iClJa'IKa KyJrrypa CC O,UmtKyjc Haj8clioM

$HHOfioM yrna'i3HOCTH KaMCHHX 8Jl3TKII U 1t3B3HPC.uHO

ypa~eHoM KepaMI1KOM. TparOBH 60paBKa H3 nOJlpyLJjy beo­

rpa.ua n01'ULJy jow 113 nancomrra, a 6pojHa cy H3JH1311WTa 113

.u06a HCOnH1'3, H TO .lIpyre nOl10IJUHC VII MltnCHHjyM3 n.H.e.

H3Jl33HlllTa y JaKoBy H baJ-hI1U~1 rOBOpc 0 p33BUjCHHM Kyll­

TOB~IMa H M3mj3M3 Ta.u3WIMIX CT'dHOIJHUKa (7).MC,/JJIUHH3, Y OBOM ncpHo.uy, y 1I0'ICTKY l-iarOHCKa,

KacHuje je 6HlIa llCMOHCK3 II cMnHpHjcKa. 3a OB3j ncpllo.n

HC nocToje HHKaKBH llHpeKTHI1 TparoBu 0 cTalbY MCJlHUUHC

H XJ.ipypn1je, ami MO:>KC cc 11H.allpC"iHO 33KJbY'iIfTU ,/la jc

611na J3crynIhCHa H MarHjcKa MC,/lHUIIHa. Ko.u Bch~IHe npu­

MHTliBHUX Hapona 3ao llyx je 6110 11333118a'i CBllX 60necn1,

a I1cTepHB3H jc Ha pa3JIH'illTe Ha'iHHC, llaK lot 6aTIIH3M3.

Broca, KOjH je npOHawao y jC,/lHOj ¢paHuycKoj nChl1l11i

je.llHy 011 HajcTapHjHx TpcnalHlpallllx n06atb3, ~lHcnlt .na je

rpenaH3Ulija pa~clia H pauli ocn06a~aJ-ha 3JIOr Ayxa. ",Ay­wa" (.uax, Jll1catbc) OCHOB je )K1180THlIX nojaBa, 3 BpahaJI3

cc ..y.uyB3BaH.CM .u.axa"2. Kpll, Kao DCHOB 1K~IBOTHe CHare,

61-10 je Jl UCHTap 60necT" Koje cy ce JICllJInC nyWT'JH>CM Kp­IJH, rll1jaBHuaM3 ~l 3HOjCH:.CM (8). OBII noc1'ynUH np"MCtbI1­

BaHH cy ,uo cKopa. PUTyaJlHO 06pC3HBatbe y EruuTy U KO,u

JCBpeja llCKJbY'H1BO K3MCHHM HO)KCBI1Ma 6~wo je npHcymo

.Il0Hc.naBHO.

Xupypruja, nocc6Ho xHpyprllja nOBpe.u.a, 611na je

npeTC)f{HO er.m~lpl1jcKa. AnaTI1 cy OLJHrIlCAHO Morm1 .ua 3a­

llOBOJbC II xHpypwKe 3aXTCBC. MOlKc cc npcTIlOCT3BI1TII ,ua

je nOBpc.na yBeK 611110 II .aa cy OHC '-pcTHpaHc Kao II KO.u

llPYrux np~IMllTHBHIIX Hapolla. OAroBop r.1Ory .Il3n1 caMO

apXCOJlOrl1ja, 3HTpOnOnorllja 11 nanconaTollornja.

CTapll BeK

nOLJCTKOM CTapor BCKa (o.u 4 000. ro.n. n.lI.c. .no Kpaja

V BCKa 11.e) 'IOBCK jc ywao y MCTaIlHO ,Il06a (IV-II MIIJlC­

HltjyM npc H.C, .aC11H ce Ha 6aKapHo, 6poH3aHo 1'1 re03.nCHO

llo6a). nOpC,ll OCTanHX .a06p06I1TII, 1t3pa~CHI! cy II M~lorll

Xl1pypWKU HHCTPyMCHTll, Ha~eml WllpOM Cp6HjC. 3Hal lll,

xHpyprHja je nocTojana. bHno je 1I paToBa. TC jc nOCTojaJla

11 paTHa 'xIJpypnlja.

JIb 6poH33Hor 1106a 1I0TIl'ie 11 TPcna~lIIpaH3 n06atba

Ha~eHa y Cp6Hjll (cella KPIIB3 pCKa, tIajenIHa). Tpcmma­

UHja jc pa~eHa 3601' nOBpcllc, a 'la06JheHIl TpcnaHCKll 01'80­

pI! II jacHa ~IHTpaB~1TanHapeaKUHja KOCTl1 rOBope Jl3 je 110­

BpC~eHI! II TO npC)tatBC03. TpellaHaUHja je ClirypHO pa~CHa

KaMCHHM TpcualHiMa, jep MCTan 1l0611jaH y TO BpCMe Hl1jC

liMao HCOIlXOllaH KBanllTeT.

Y IICTO BpeMC Ha llpyroM Kpajy CBCTa, y Mccono1'a­

MlljH Ii K3CHUjC B3BHJIOHY, KyJlryplHl paJBOj I111C Ka CBOM

BpXyHUy. MCAIlUHHCKOM BpXyHUY, TaKo~e. HHTcpecaHTHO

jc .aa ce TlHII14H3 cpnCKa 4CTI1pll cnOB3 "C" HaJlaJC Ii npc

2000. ro.u. n.H.e. H3 MOTIIB~tMa 113 0811X 06nacTiI.

y McconoTa~1I1jll jc MClllIUIlHa HMana 11 CBor 60ra

3awnITHIIK3. lherOB CHM60n je 3MIlja Koja 06aBllja iKC3110 11

nOTlIYC 113 III MHJleHlljyMa n.H.c.4. 0611YHO Ct CMaTpa .lIa cy

Taj CI1M60JI npCY3cnH rpUII 11 1.I.a CC 011 O.llp)f(ao ,UO AaHac.

2 npanc'lcH>c ,tIaXOM JllJIp:.tlano cc .!lyro, II "PIlXR3TIIn0 ra jc 11 Xpll­

whaUCTBO jcp jc ..'IOllCK nOCT30 OJ1 JCMJbC II J13X3 bOif(lljCr". ]lC'ICH>C

J1aXOM 1l3BCnCli0 jc Y CT3POM J3Bcry, 3 Y Ii0BOM 33BCT)' II 8pahalbc

BlllIll.

3 HJ ODOr IIJlH CTaplIjcr 1I06<1 113 Tn)' 611BWC JyrocJl3811jc U31)C1l3 JC C:1.MO

jow jCJ1lla TJlCn311llp3llB Jl06all...1, II TO Y jCJllloj llchllllll 113 K03J3sry. Bc­poB3TII0 nOTlI'lC 113 IIcomrra. 4ylk1 CC Y Cnmny.

4 no CYMCPCKO-1I38I1J10HCKOM npC./laJbY nlllja jc OJ1IMo(ooor Il<lJBclicr

jYll3K3 rlinraMcwa YKpana TpaBy 6CCMPTHOCTII KOjy jc 011 )106a01i0 e3

MOpcKIiX ny6llHll. npOryr38WlI TpaRy 3MIljajc nOCTaJ13 6cCMpTIl3. no·

pcn Tora, 3Muja jc 11 60:+:3I1e"0 6<:CIIOJlIIO 6111ic. HllllrilUlJlIll, cY~lcp·

CKO-BaBIlIIOIlCKIl 601' Me.lllllUIltC, Ilay'lilo jc on :'IMlljc BCWTlIllY IIC'lClb3

nOMohy Tpaoa, 'IYB3lb3 II nonl>lIIal)llBaiba 3J1pann.a 11 0J1P:+:3IbC )lmBOTa

cnapIlBalf,CM.

6poj I BOJHOCAHHTETCKH nPErnE,ll Cl'palla 107

Me~yrHr"1, h"ynT 3MIlje nocToju KO.u CBB);. npClnUlX Hapo.aa(9). H Tpa'i3HH cy 11MaJll1 Kynl' 3Muje (He caMO Y MC,uilUIt­

HII, y Hapony ce 3a.!lP:>KaJIO 110 n3H3C - ..3M11ja I,(ysapKyfla"))

a J-bHXQB 6ar MC,UlillIlHC 6110 jc ACKJICIBljC5. ACKJlcnHjoc

(KacH~ljc y PIIMY nanlHU30aaHQ ECKyJlan). IlJ4KH Gar MC­

JlHUliHC, 3ajCJlIIO ea Xl1fUjOM Hl1jC HIIWTa llpyro Hero -rp3 l l­

lUi ACKnerlHje ea hepKOM XllrujoM (I 0). npC~lil ll. 6pa3110­

Tiley Kynl' 60ra 3.apaOJb3 ACKJICnHja CTBOpCH je H3 aaCM

Tepcliy. a 291. ron. n.H.e. npcllcT y ?UM (II). CnoMcllHWI

601'1' ACKJICnHjy l-la~CIHl cy y nelHl, npll3pcHY. KocTonuy,

napah~IHYI npliJlcny. HaTIH1CII H3 OBllf'<! cnOMCHllUHM3 cylia rpttKOM II1U1 naTllHCKOM. Y C'ro6HM3 je Ha1}Ct-la rpall./.ll1­

03Ba ¢Ilrypa Xl1rHje Koja XpaHI1 3MHjy. no BaTr1l1cy ca

jCllHC 1U104C ~1Hcnl1 ce na je ACKllcrmjca xpaM nocTojao 11 y

6eorpallY. Y En"llaypy"y (UaBTaT) nocTojao je lberOBKyllT jow npc XOMcpa.

Koja clly'-lajHocT, U cep60w 60r paTa ApCTa HCOnO­

1M1BO lioAceha. Hll Apcca, rpl.iKOr 60ra paTa! rpUl1 cy se­

hnHy 60roBa npcY31111H Oll Tpa'IaHa. rp4KH MllrOSH (12),

npHcYTIHI y CBUM 06nacnlM3 ilnlBOTa, 3 noroToBy y MC­

,UI1UI1IBt, HajBcliHM llCJIOM npCY3CTif cy O,U Tpa4aHa. AKO

CC yonwTc 1l0CClbaaano H3 EanKaH, JCnllHJ.l, K3KO cy rpUII

cc6c Ha31lSafl1l6, .uOWnil cy MHOro KacHHjc 113 I1pll6an­

T1t4KI1X 06naCT11.

"rp'-lKO 4Y.nO" ("KonCBKa C8ponCKC UI1BHIHI3auujc")

PaJBllJlO CC 3aXBaJbyjyhH HanOrpaJHhll KyJIT)'pHIIX Bpe,uBO­

CTH KOjC cy npcy311Manl1 0)1 OKOnHIIX Hapo.ua 11 paHUM

CTBapaH>CM II11CMa7 KOjC .llpyrll HIICY IIMaJlII. nOrp'IaBllIbC

(xcnCHU30B3H.C) CBUX BPCllHOCHI ).1,0 KOjl1X cy JjOWJlI1 jc

TltnIl4HO. C llpyrc C11'3HC, PIIMJbaHH l'IHCy naTHlIH308aJili

(pOMaIlIlJOBaJllI) rpllKY KyJrrypy. MC~YTUM. ¢aaOplt30BllIbC

KynType nOpa>KCHIIK rpKa o.u CTpaHC n06c.uHHKa PI1MJballa

y OCIIOBH liMa cTPax H 6op6y npOTlIB 11a.uHpyher cnOBCHC­

Taa (WlII cep6cliiBa). Y CJlcllchoj ¢331t Ta 6op6a 61111a jc

paz:ut o.u6paHc H CKCnaHJlljc xpuwhaHcTBa.

npcTnocTaBIba cc .ua jc MC.uHUIIH3 y Tpa4aHa 6una

pa3HujcHa Kao y McconoTaMujl1. I1mtpH II Tpa'-laHH Imcy

IlM3nll 1H1CMa Il caa C33Hal-b3 0 IbllXOBOj MC}UiUItHI1 .uo­

6ujaMo Ha OCHOBy HCKOrlIl1l3. YlcKonllHc cy 6pOjHC y Ey­

rapcKoj, ami 11K 101M3 11 Y Cp611ju, r.ue HIlCY nocc6HO HH

TpaiKCHC HI! IIcrpaiKCHC. npeM3 Hal1a3HMa PYCKIIX

HaY4HJ.lKa KOjll cy npOYlt3aanll ~ICTOPlljy Y36eKI1CT3H3.

5 AC"'J1CUHjC, Tpll'lKII Kpa..n. 11 nCK3p, y IlOCCTll 6onccllI1Io:y rJlayKyy61lo jc 3Mlljy liOja cc 06aBIlRll 01'0 ILerOBor WTall3 (Tp3'IKIl: ..0(''' ­

JMllja II ..K.J1eiiu" - o6aBiljam). OnMax cc nojaBllna npyra 3Mlija IlDee­

hu Tp3By y yeTlIMa It lIoopamJla yOUJCHY. To ra jc Hay'IIIJ1O lIll Jle'lIlTpllBaMll. IIa.JBaH je II opi'iiuoc - 06113811>3'1. ACIOIClIlljC jc nMllO hepKy

Xllrlljy II CJlHa TCJlcc410pa (Thelesphoros). l-ber08lt CIlM60Jlll cy J\lltja,

CyllLle, KopOlla 11 ne-rao. hjc jc Ta":o~c 06cJlCiKjC Gom MClIllllllllC. II Y

JcnllOM XPllMY y 6yrapcKoj lla~CIIO jc KaMeliO jajc TCWKO 3522 kg. no

M. EYlllfMItPY IlMC ACKJ1CrlIlje jc 1U1IlpCKD-Tpa'faIlCKor nopCKJla It MO­

iKC CC "peBCCTIl ell ,,3Mlljap".

6 JOlleKo Mope JBaJlO ec Tpa'fallCKO MOpC.

7 npao l(lOIlCTCKO IlltCMO CTBOpltJlIl cy <DcllIl'f3ml.

JepMeultjc 101 ManOaJujcKC "XOpC3MOC" KyJlTypC, rpa43HCKa

rIJlCMeHa (no ",liMa 6ltno HK jc ISO, 3 He 22 K3KO CC MHC­

JlI1no) npoJJ.pna cy, npcKo Ma.ne AJl1je. 4aK JJ.o nepcHje II

HHIl"je(13).

Y cTapoM I::lCKy H3 Tny .uaH3WI-bC Cp6HjC iKllaCnlt cy

Tp3'iaHH It I1nHpll. Jl,a'iaHlt (rpa'i3HCKO nncMc) iKUeCJllt cy

Ha TCplHOplljll .uaHaWH.C PyMyHUjC. JY:IKHO 011 Cp6ujc >KU­

BcnH cy MaKc.uoHuH Ii fPUIL TPll6aJIH, HajMoliHHjc nnCMC

Tpa4aHa, >KI1BCJIH cy Ha npocTopy WyM3JJ.Hje, 1l0~lOpaBJba

II 11CTO'HlC Cp6~ljC, 3 )lap.uaHUH (IImlpCKO nnCMC) Ha npoc­

TOpy Kocoa3 11 H3MC~y H6pa. 3ananHC II Jyil<He MopaBC II

HllwaBe no Hilum. TpllGaTlI1 cy OCHQI::laJII1 bcorpa.u (CHH­

rHJ1yuyM, Cll/tlll - Tpa'iKO 1111 l lHO liMe Ii OYII)I;\I - KCJITCKII

H3311B Ja rpa.u), HHW (Nais, Naissus, no PCllH HuwaBIl.

"BIIJlHH3 80.ua") Il EeilY llanaHKy (Rcmcsiana, o.u ml4Hor

I1MCHa Rcmcsis) (14). OaaKs3 .u1l¢CpcHUlljulluja 6HJ1U jc

33BpweHa IIpe VIII BCKa n.H.C. 3Hallajllc TparoBc OCTaUllnH

cy KCIlTH (noroToBy CKOp.t1.\1CUH), J].a'"i3HH ~, Me'lll (Me­3CjU). KcnTII cy >K11BCJlII YrJI3HHOM Ha TCpHTOpl1jll llaHaw­

!-bC cJ>paHuycKc, anll CKOP.LlI1CUl1 cy ce BpaTHml y caojy 110­

cToj611Hy Ha ywhy CaBe y JJ.yH3B8. Tpll6anll cy 611nH Ilna­

BU, BHCOK~I, CHa>KHIl II HeycTpawHBH. npBIl HX nOMHlhY

Xe3HOil (VI BeK n.H.e) H XeJlCHCKH HCTOpll',"p XCK3TCj (VBeK n.H.C), 3 nJ1llHuje (nJ1JoIHujc CTapl1jll. 1 BCK) je nl1cao:

" ...Clleoll TpaKuja y Kojaj :>K..'U6U 1wjxpa6puju /{apoD EfJpo­

lie". CilaalH1 Xepo.uOT KalKe: "Hapoo Tpal.lauo i,ocJle XUH­

oyca je l1ajAlltolo6pojuuju. Kaoa 6u 1bU,Me BJ1aoao jeoa/{

lJ06eK u jeoua ..uucao 61l11U 61i lIei,06eou8u U ja11li 00 C6l1X

/lapDOG ita AtOAf .MlllUJbefbY... HAtel/a twajy AI/lOla 1I pa3­

Alll.llIWa iipeMa o6J1aciiiu.Ma. QJ1U cy UM 0611'lOjU Kod C6l1X

uciuu'·. Y IIcro BpCMC KCnpl1H Tpl16aJICKy 3eMJbY Ull3ltBa

"o6.lJaciii Cp6a". rOTCKI1 IIcTopll4ap Jop.uaHcc II B1133H­

TlljCKU npOKOIll10C (06a l1) Vi oeKa) 1lI1CaJlll cy lla ..CnolJe­

111/ 00 ilm\Opeulix lIapooa fllICy Y3ILMQJ1U 1m :JeAUbe Jill twa­

Jba, flU i"iope3e flU Yl/elle; ... Ate~y LI./le.ueItUAlO IlLlje itOC­

tTtojtlJla HWWK6a xapllt01/uja. :JK:U8eI1ll cy y paciipa.ua II 60­ptUlIl iioIJ6ojeJlo". CnapTaK9 jc 6110 TpayaHIlH. Munow

0611nHh jc 03Ha'-leH K30 Tpl16an y KH>IIJH 0 Kocol::lcKOM

6ojy, 06jaBJbCHoj y napllJY 1503. roll y 12 TOMoBa.

Tpll6anll cy paTOaaTII1 ca CKOP.LlIICUI1Ma, ).lap.uaIlUlIMa

~I M3KCIloHUHMa. Pa3jC.Ll1l1bC11I1 Tpll6anu 3HaTUO cy ocn3­

6IbeHH y P3ToBIIMa ca MaKCnOHCKHM KpaJhCM <1>~lJlI1I10M II339. roll. I1.H.C, a nopa311o ux jc IhCros CIlII AnCKCalJIlap

MaKe.uoHcKIl 335. II.H.C. IO. AncKca~l.LIap BCIIItKl1 CyOllllO CC

Ii ca paTo60pHIIM KenTl1Ma jyiKHuje 0.1.1. Eeorpalla. Ha I-be­

rOBO lIHTaH>C - Kora (llera) ce nnawc, op,roBopHnll cy MY:

8 liMa MltlUJbClba Jla cy CKOPJlItCUlI KCJlTlillfpaliO lJOMOP0,1I3'IKO nJlCMC

co ywha CaBe y LlYllaB.

9 CllapT3K. nl3JllljaTop y Pm,ly. IlOJlllraO jc YCTaHliK po60RlI en OCllOB­

IlUM Ul1JbCM: !TOBpaniK y laBW-laj. YCTIlilKY cy CC "PIlKJbY'IIlJUl If CC­

JhUUlI II 410pMltp3Ha je Bojc..:a on 70000 80jlHtK3. Cnap-raK jc onl/co

Mlloro noGclla, aJlll 360r Hcenorc YCTalUlK jc "ponao, a CnapTaK jc no­

r1myo y OJlcyllllOj GUilil.10 MaKclloHcK3 <flanallra lBana cc If llapmlllc..:a <flanallra.

CrpaHa 108 BOJHOCAHHTETCKH nPErJlEJl 6poj I

" ... CG.J,fO 0(1 lla.M ue60 lie aaone no illa6y", HaKO therosa

cyjera Hl1je 6HJ13 3a.nOBOJLeH3, ea KenTm·13 Hllje paToB3oBeh je naCTl1raO ,UoroBop 0 HCH311a,u3tby jYlKtl~IX o6n3cTII 11

Beh 334. n.H.C. npewao je y Many A3~ljyll. Me~YTHM, KCIl­TH cy 279. rOll, n.H.C. y )KCCTOKOM Hanel)' JIOWmlllO .llCJl¢a

y rp"IKoj, rLle cy nopIDKCHM y O.uCY.llIiOj 6l1uu. OpaTltnll ce,llaCenHnH y .uaHawl-boj CnaooHHjl1 H sliwe IllfCy 6111111

npenb3 H3 6anK3HY. HnaK, Tpll6arIH cy 8011111111 229. n.H.C.

iKCCTOKC GopGe ca paTo6oplHlM KcnTCKUM CKOp,lHICUI1M3.

PHMCKC Jlcrilje nopa:mnc cy CKOp,ul'ljCKC y paToBIIMa 84-75n.H.c, a 29-28. n.H.e. 11 .LJ.apU3Hue, TpH6a.ne \I MC3C. PtlM­

JhaH~1 cy ynpaBJbaIlH 113 liOBOOCHOB3HOr noropa Viminati­urn (KOCTonau). Y TO BpCMC OCHOBaH je H 6eorpa.u. GBaTCplfTopuja 15. ro,IJ.. H.C. npornawcHa jc uapcKoM npoBIIH­

~"jOMI2 II Ha3BaHa Me3Hja (Moesia). Uap TpajaH (98-117.roll) OCBOjHO jc llaKlijy MHoro KacHHjc. MC3uja ce IIpOCTI1­

pana o,n CaBc Il J],yHaBa .no CKOIlJba II o,u Yl6pa 11 Kony6ape

,no n~lpOTa. fOJ,Hmc 86. jc no.uCJbCHa Ha rOptLy MC31ljy

(Moesia slIperior).uo peKe U,,6plI~e HJlo",y Me311jy (Moe­

sia inferior) 011 UIl6pHUC,ll,0 l4>Hor Mopa. roplba MC311ja jc

3aY311Mana TCPI1TOPl1jy n,aHaWH>C Cp6i'1je, a uehu rpa.uOBH

cy 6umc SingidunuJn, Marglml (MopaBa), HorreuJn Margi

(Ttynpl1ja), Naissus. Rcmcsiana. Ulpiana (JlHnJb3H) II Scupi

(CKOnJbc). Y ncpllollY KaCHor PIIMcKor uapCTBa Ha HOJJ.­

PYlJjy .llaHaWIbC Cp6ujc Ham13C ce npoBHHulljC: Mocsia I,Dardania (Ulpiana), Dacia Mcditerranea It Dacia Ripensis

(C3~tO HeroTIIHcK3 KpajHHa).

no Xepo.uoTy, YlnHpu cy H3CCJbaUanU npOCTOp 1l3­

MCljy J3llpaHCKOr Mopa Ii .!O'Haaa ~I o.u peKe Anlluc .uo Mo­

paBe u Enl1pa. IiHJnI cy CJl060.uOJby611B1l II paTo6opHH, 3

npCM3 HCKHM3 J1JlUp 3HalJH cno60.ulbaK. 0 HJII1pCKOj MC,nH­

UHIIH HeMa IlHC3HHX -rparoBa, jcp Intcy HU 11M.UHI IHICMO. 0J-boj C3JHajeMo 011 rplJKHX 11 pHMCKHX IUlcaua. HmlpcKIi 601'

MC;UIUHHC je MC,lJ.ayp (med-aurus, MC./lCOP - nCKap). naBne

113 EnlHC H CnapTHjaHyc rmwy .ua cy 11nHpCKil JICKapH 611­

nH n03HaTH no caOM llynoTBopHOM nC~ICH>Y. Aelianus .uo­

naje .ua cc Hmlpll He MOry nOXBanlIT11 '-HlCTohOM, a Bepo

XBaJlI1 YlnlipKe "Koje ce iiopaljajy llaKO, 6e:J ulJuje tio.Malm".

CopaHOC 113 E¢!C3a I3• XtlnOKpaTOB 6Horpa¢!, Tap.nI1 na je

XunOKpaT O,ll,6JlO n03HB ,ll,3 cy3611jC Cn"J1.C~ffljy ca:maBWII,,0 MllOiu.M Beiup06w.la KOjU 8JJaoajy y f1/l11PlljU". npC/l-1a

HaBOnHMa rplJKOr 60TaHHlJapa Tco¢paCTa (IV BCK n.H.e.,

Apl1CTOTCnOB ylJCHHK) Ii KacHuje }l110CKOpll.lla Ii nmtHltja,

I1JIHpH cy lIocc6HO n03HaBanH H UCHllJlU JICKOUH'l'Q 6I1JbC.

nepyHHKa no tbltMa HOCI1 H<\3HU Iris iJlirica, Gentiana liMe

II HHjc jacuo C KltM je AnCKcaHlIap BCJII1KII paJrosupao: c KCJITltM3,

CKOPJUlCUllM3 Hn" TPll6aJ1ttMa?

12 PtlM.n.aHIl cy IIMaJllI Jtlia THna npoBllluulja: UapCKC lUlU Bojlle npo­

BHHUlljC (TeK OCBOjClIC IIn« ea HCMllpllllM CT31l0BIII1WTBOM) II CCHaTCKC

tWit 8,/lMllHllcrpaTll8Bc npOBIlHl.H1jc (m'1aJ1C cy 6clll3'mjllc BOjllC lIOC3­

lIC, a ;KIIBOT y 'bliMa jc llJIMllllllcrpaTHBHo pcrynllcau).

13 eOpaHOC 113 E$C33, Haj'llpalHTHjll npcJtCT3BlltlK MCToJtH'lapcKC

UlKonc, npocnaRHo cc Kao rHHCKonor H aKywcp, 6110 jc nCKap Kpan.llUC

Kncon3lpc.

no I1JIHpCKOM KpaJby rCHUHjy, 6HJbKa Liburnia 110 nncMeHy

Jll16ypHa "Tn.H Hmlpll II TpallaHII cy rpa,lV1mt 80110BO.uc H IH\taJllt

Pa3Bl1jCIiY KOMyliarmy XHrlljCHy. Y Cp6uju OCTaWI TaKBIIX

BO.lJ,OBOna llOCTOjC y Georpany. MI1TpOBUUH Ii I-IHWy. no­

ce6HO cy KOPl1CTliJllI ,/lo6p06uTl1 npl1p0./lIU1X 113BopUWTa

Tonnc 1\ MI1HcparlHC uo.nc y3 paJBUjCHy XU.npOTcpalllljy It

cPH31lKaJIHY TcpallHjy. TpalJaHIl cy y Cp6ltju ynpaao Ha

OB3KBI1M Mec, HMa OCHlIBaml cBoje aCKJleuujeolle (xpa~1OBe­

nClJUJIlIWTa) JOUl npe .ll.onaCKa PIIMJbaHa (y COK06aluH,

BPIb3'IKOj 6albll , HI1WKOj 6atbll, KypWyMJlltjCKOj 6alMI l

HOBOIl33apcKoj 6aJ-bH, PCMI13HjaHI1 It IIp). Co4>Hja (rJlaBIlH

rpa.u liyrapCKC. ,"pa'tClHCKII CepllllKa. -rpal.laHCKo·pHMCKH

Ulpia-Serdika) OCH08aHa jc OKO TorlJlor MlmepanHor 11380­

pa ua I.IHjCM cry6y nllwe: "Tociiooapy II JGluiliuiuJlUKY Ac­

KJleiiujy". HJlHPH cy y 3anpy OCHoaaJIH 60JIHIIUY 559. ro,/l,

npc AOJI3CKa CnoBcHa. Y CBIlM UCKonaHUM -rpa'taHCKIIM

xpaMoaHMa Ha~cHH cy pClbCepH ca QHlrypaMa AeKJIcnuja,

Xl1r11je U Tencc4>opa. Hoaau ca H>llXOBIIM J111KOBHMa, 3MIlja

Ha KaMCfiOM no.uy IlT)l. KapaKTCpllCTltlJHO 3a Tpa43HcKc

xpaMoBc jc )13 cy 1l0CTOjaJIC noce6Hc npocTopujc 3a 6onee­

liHKC II 3a o6Y'laaatLc 6YJJ.yhux nCKapa.

Y apallcKIlM CBC.uO'I3HCT811Ma (15), MOiKlla HajMatbC uc­

TPaJKCHHM 110 cana, I1Ma ./lOCTa nonaT3Ka 11 0 CnoBcHIIMa I4.

ApallH HMajy 113BaHpCJ1110 hHIWJbCJ-bC a MCJU1UilHil CTapllx

CnoBel-la. Y I-bIIXOBOM liajBaif(H~ljcM ,llCJIY IIcTopHje MCLU1UII­

He ("J13BOpU 11lGlbll 0 apciUcufQ J1eKapa"), y npBoM ./lcny 0

nopcKJIy MC.ullUIUIC. CHplljCKJ.1 nCKap Yl6H A611 Ycall6ltja

IlIILUC .ua cc H3YMHTeJbl'lM3 Me.u11U~IlIC CM3TPajy Entllhallil 11

rpUl1, arm H Xan,/lejUII, BaBunOHUU It nepcujUH, a "ueKu (le­

lle oa cy U3Y.MlIiiieJbU 6unll J1uolljLIU, OOK opyiu paduje ,lwe/Ie

oa cy ilio 6wIU C'IOBeml". YfcToBCTaH TCKCT 0 nopeKJty MC)1H·

u,mlc ./lOHOCI1 y CBOM JlCJlY It n031taTiI apancKH npcBo.uHJlaU,

JleK3p II MaTCMaTHlJap HcxaK 11611 Xy"aH1I (1-910). 060jHua,

y CTBapu, npCHOCC ranCHOB KOMCHTap Xl'IllOKpaTOBHX llCJla

(K3KO raJlCH y II 8CKy 3Ha 33 CJIOIJCHC?). ApanCKII Teonor 11

¢un03o¢ an-Uaxin (?-868) y caOM llcny "KI-bHra 0 iK1I80­

llltLaMa" UaBOlllt .ua cy CJIOBCHH ,,lbYOU lopa:Juiuo c6euureiiywu, iipOluOlUUi'i 6eJle pace"• .na cy CII3IKHIljll II 113,llP)KJl,H­

alljl1 O./l rpKa l5 • OB3KBO MHWJbCtLC II .upyre no.uaTKc a Cno­BCHUMa llajy II: AXMC.u H6H <1>CUUlaH, A6Y-JI-KacIIH 11611

Xyp.ua.u6I1x (Abli-I-Qasin ibn Hurdadbih. 825-912), aJI­

6aKpH, AbO-I-l-Iasan Ali al·Mas'Odi, jeBpejcKH TProBau A6­

paxaM 6eH JaKo6 (IbrahIm ibn Ja'kUb) II B~IJaIiTHHau npoKO­

nl1jc. AI-Mas'Odi npBIl nOMHI-bC Cp6c, aJlI1 ca nyroBaH>a no

JaKaSKa8CKliM 06J13Cll1M3. BehllHa apanCKUX nHcaua lot npo­

KOlmjc IlCTHl lC 113y3CTHy BI1CI1HY II erac CnoscHa l6. 1aK06

llliwe: ,)(jwoHona je 3a IbLLr 30paBa, aa l.faK U Kac) je 6p,70

14 3ana*aH>a apallCIOtK llllcaua llllca1l3 cy cpc,nnHOM CpC.ltlber l\CKa,

Mil cy lIaj'leUlhe KOMCI1T3pH XllOOKpaT0811X, raJIeH081lX II apauekllX

,ncna ill eTapor 8CKa.

15 Al-Diiihiz IHl80Jtll H na cc CnoBcllII oMIlKyjy ItHTCnllreHUllJOM,

Mil C3MO aKo CC KacTpllpajy!?

16 JCJ1all Oll p3lJIOra llITO cy GUJlII pallO BIt!}CHII po60BIl.

6poj 1 BOJHOCAHHTETCKH nPErJlE.!l CTjlaHa 109

CJI. 2 - XIIPypWKIt IlHCTPYMCHTII PIIMCKI1X BOjllllX xllpypra. CKaIlnCJ1 (scalprus) nYlKlIlic

17.4 cm, ca ce'UIBOM y o6mlKy J1IICTa (ca Tpll KpyiKHC pynuue). TopKBllpaHoM nplUKoM II

MaJIOM mnaryIloM IIa .npyrOM Kpajy. 4yBa ce y lIaponHoM My3ejy y nOlKapeBuy.

jaKu, OOK je OpyliUHQ 3(1 H,UX lioiu6etbllQ... IleciIio 60Jlyjy 00

oem/a u Iwpe6a". nOpCl1. Tora HaBOlle Jl3 cy 60nOBaJII1 0)1

cpJl3~tnena. cBpa6a, OTCKJIIIH3, c1JHCTYJI3 (11 atlaJIHHX) II xeMO­

pOIt,JJ.a17• JaKo6 nmlaBlb3 XepOJlOTOBO MI1U1JbCl-bC 0

p33jeJl~IH>eHOCTI1. reorpa¢> XYPA3JI6I1X nuwe]la cy CnoacHH~138031fml K3CTopeyM l8, MC.u, aoeaK H .up. CTBapu BroKlIC 33

MCJlI1UIIHY. a al-Mas'udi Ita cy cBoje 60nCCHI1KC npcB031l1U1 ynocc6uo KOllCTpYHC3HIlM TalMlraMa. CKOpO CBH mlWY 0

CJ10BCHCKOj CKJlOHOCHI Ka nllhy, BIIHY 11 MCjlOHI1HH. npOTII­

Bype.... Ha cacllo....am...TBa a Jlowoj xllrHjctll1 ae33Ha cy 33 33Ka­

BKaCKC CJTOBCHC. nOllyr VlH.u.yca, ClIOBeHII cy CnaTbl1BaJIll

cBoje MpTBC. Y3 !ICW My>K3 Cl1aJbllBaJlIt cy H je.uHy 0)) i-bcro­

BIfX iKCH3, Mil caMO aKO cy npHCTanC II npCTXO,llHO je 011I18­

WII. Y3 BO~C cy CflaJbHSan11 II IbllXOBC neKapc (JJ.3 611 HManu

crpy'my nOMoh 11 lIa .upyroM cacTy!).

0611Jbe CTapHX Hap0,llHItX H3311Ba y CT'dpoM CJIOaCHCKOM

jC3UKy 3a nojC,llHHC JIcnosc TeJ1a II oprauc roBOpl1 0 tbUXOBOM

J.l.06poM n031iaBal-bY aHaToMHje. OCHOH iKHHOTHUX lIojaa3 je113X (JIIIC3IbC), a HOC110UH IKllBOTliC Cllarc cy TCJICCHU COKOBII

(liajBl1wc KpU). MCJ.l.IIUItHa jc y CyWTlIHU M3f1ljCK3, aJII1 f10'3­

HaBanu cy paUl10HanHC Y3poKC 33 MHore 60IleCTII (TpOBalha.

rpeWKC y IlcxpaH~1, MCTCOPOJlOWKC npOMellC) 1\ nOBpCJle.

PHMCKa oCBaj3tb3 II Ull1petbC ItMnepHje, npc cscra, MO­

TlIBI1C3H3 cy CKOHOMCKIlM pa3!I03I1M3, a He KymypHHM U

3JlpaB("'TBCHIlM npocBchllsalloCM. BOJlHJII1 cy ca C060M H

BOjllC JICKape 11 xl1pyprc (paHapc). Y Haj60!bCM CIlyll3jy

JlClil1ml cy Bo~e nop06JbcHHx

Hapo.lla. CaM Hapo.ll nClillO ce ~I

./.la.JbC KO.u CBOjUX lIapOlllUiX Jle­

Kapa.

npBy BOjHy 60JIHIIUY YEeorpa.uy OCHosanH cy PHMJba­

IlH y I SCKy Y cKIlony HOBOct>Op­

~HlpaHor noropa l9 . 60JlHilUa jc

611J1a TlIllCKIt rpa~elia: UCJIUKa

llCTBopoyraoHa ca .nBOpIlWTCM y

CpCJJ.I1HI1, ca aenl1KI1M II caeTJIHM co6aMa. ca lIocc6HIIM

o.naj3M3 33 nCK3pe H OCOOJbC 6oJalllue. DocIle r13)l3 Cmln1­

JlyHyMa 584. rOll. y pyKC Aaapa ry6u cc CBaKI1 Tpar 0 paJIY

OBC pHMCKC Bojlle 60JIHI1UC.

113 paliujcr Jlo6a npolia~cHIl cy caf\tO XIlPypWKII 11IiC­

TPYMCHTII Ha TCpliTOplljH Cp611je, 6yrapcKc II y A¢plllJ.1I 20•

It TO cy I1HCTPYMCHTH BOjllllX xllpypra. H3 KacHHjer ncpuo­

A3 npOHa~cHO jc MHOWTa XHPypWK~IX IIHCTPYMCHaTa

17 Mllonl C8ponCKli ayroplt 1l380JlC np061lcM npcBol)clbn nojcJlUlUIX

TcpM11II3. Iinp. Ilenl TCpMll1l IlPCBOJlC KUO: OCIHl. UpUClHlJIO. CpllJllncn

ItJnI-IUTa nOnp3J)'MCBaTiI nOJI aHaIlliOM cPlIC1)'ROM?

18 Castorcum: iKyt'lK3CT3 JcjTlllh3Ba TC'IHOCT y jCJllloj 011 311aIlHIlX

>KJ1CJJla kOll, 1l,36p3. OllOjll3 ~nlpllca II ropKor yKyca, Clly)l(lI K30 OJl·

JIII'13I1JICK l1poTlIB 60JICCTIl ""llBaUIl.

19 Y CllllnlJlYIIYMY jc 60paSltlla IV pllMCK3 ncnlja (Lcgia Flavinc), Kojajc 08.'IC 1l11C110lBlpalla 113 flWIM3lliljc. Jlcntjajc IlMana OKO 5000 BojHllKa

20 Y J1aM6c:lltjy. rllC jc 60paBIlJIIl lumpcKIl lIcmja. lla~CHIl cy XUPypUlKH

III1CTpYMCHlll JajcJltlo cn pcJhC$JM MC):laypa, 60ra MC]{IILtllllC.

BOj~IHX JICKapa: y KocTonuy (Viminatium) npOHa~CHa JC

6pOH3aHa K}'THja ca XHpypWKl1M IHlCTpyMCHTlIMa, anH 11 y

3CMyHy21. J3KOUY, HOIHlM 6aHoaUliMa (Burgcnac), CpCM­

CKOj MI1TPOBIIUH, HHWy, Ha PY.Il.HHKY, JCJ1HUH, ABanl1 (Ca­

strum Caballa), KoeMajy "Tn. (en. 1.2 II 3). npOCTOp Cp­61lje rcorpact>cKII, crpaTewKH " CKOHOMCKI1, 6110 je noce6Ho

11HTcpecaHTaH 3a PUMJb3He. npeceUaJlH cy ra Via Militaris

(npcMa KOHcTaHTIlHOnOJbY). Via Latini (npcMa COJlyHy) 11

.Il.pyrn nyTcau KOjC je TpeGaJIO .noGpo 06e36c.ll.HTlI.

CJI. 1 - XUpypWKIi IIIICTPYMelfTIl PIlMCKIlX BOjWiX xllpypra

Ha~cHII Ita uarneM TJ1Y.

CJI, 3 - XIIPyplUKIl l1HcTPYMeHTIl PUMCKIIX BOjHIiX xHpypra.

Theca vulneraria. UIIJ1IIH.o.plI'lUa K)'Tlija on TaHKor IHIMa ca nCT

P33JllllillTIiX XUpypWKIIX IIHcTPYMeHaTa. 1-laheHa y CpeMcKoj

Pallii. t.lyBa cc y MY3Cjy CpcMa y CpCMCKOj MIlTpOBllUH.

21 3CMYtI. Taurum. 6.to jc l1'31H1'I11Il rpm pllMCKC npoBnllUlljc Jloll,a

naliollHja.

CTjJaHa 110 BOJHOCAHI1TETCKI1 nPErJlEll Gpoj I

Kao WTO Y WKOl1CKOj MC.lHlUIfHI1 Huje CBC HajT3YHHje,

TaKQ HI1 y HapO)l,Hoj MCllHllHHH HHje CHC norpeWHO. Bew­1"I1H3 nC'lCH>3 cc npCHOCHna C KOJICHa H3 KoneHO. JIcKapH

('rpaBapH, Hajycwhc >KCHC) l1C4HJHl cy 611lbCM. a XI·tpyp­fHjOM cy CC 6aBIlJIII Hapo,uHH B111lap" (Haj4cwhe MYWK3P­

UI1). PaHC cy I1cmlpaHC BI1HQM 111111 paKHjoM. a Kp8apCH,C

3aYCTaBJbaHO 311COp6cHCHM3 (TPy.u, HCTPyratia KOif\3,

nay4HHa, cyao 6HJbC, K3cHHje llYB3H). Ha paue cy CT3BJba­Hil pa3HJl 61lJbHU McnCMII, 6yfj IIml cana pa:ulllx )K.HBOTH­

tha, a nOMohy ..qH1THJha" cy .upJKallC OTBOpCHC CHC JJOK CC

HC ,,04UCTC". Morno 6u ce pehH ,aa je OBO cBojcapcH3 .apc­H3)K3 paHC, MHoro npc Guy de Choliae-a. PaHe cy CI1a..JbH­

BaHe (BCpOB3THO K30 IIOCnCUHua KYJlT3 Ba1pe) paal1 XCMOC­

TaJC HJl" 'ulwhcJ-ha. PIlMJbaHIl cy f\1Horo KacHllje ,uOHCJHI

KayrepH33uHjy paHe BpemlM YJbCM. n03HaT jc 6110 WTCTaH

yTHuaj CTpaHHx Tena y paHH, TC cy OHa (Hajl.fewflc CTpCJIC,

aCJIOBII KOnJha If cn) O,UCTPalbHBalla. ParycHa jc II ~1M06HnH~

3aUHja nOnOMJhCHI1X CKCTPCMHTCTa (apBO, Kopa .llpBCTa.

rnllHa, TeCTO 11 KOHOnJha). HHC1-PYMCHTIl cy cny)J(HJ11l 3a

llp06a.uatbc ancucca. OllCTpatbllB<ltbC nOBpWHlIX ryMopa 11

Cl-paHHX Tena. Oa Q)H311KaJIHHX npoue.uypa KOpllwhcHa je

M3C3)f{a, XJlallHIf H TorUIH 06n0311. llclJCJ-hC ••cnywTcHor

iKenyua" MaCa:IKOM 3aapiKaJIO cc llO llaHac!

Y CYWTI1HIt MC,ll,HUHHa 11 Tpa l l3Ha 11 l1nllpa jc Ma­

rHjcKa 11 Marl1jcKo-pemlrHjcKa, ami 11 CMnllpl1jcKa. Olllla

jc HajMaJ-LC Ha IlCTOM HI1BOY Kao It rpllKa, a y paHllj~IM

nCpl10llHM3 Kao MeconoTaMHjcKa, Crl11laTCKa IUlli nep­

CI1jCK3. ~OK cy aBH llancKH Hap0,llH OCT3BHJ1Il TPar 0

CBOjOj Me,llIIW1HIl CBOjHM n1ICMOM (KnHHaCTO,

xHjepornH¢If), CTapOCCllCOUI1 Cp611jc HHCy. Hana3 cp6u­lje22, MO)Klla jc 110K33 cep6CKe KyJll)'pe, a1tH nHCMO 6el

IU1CMCHOCTH HC 3H3 1H1 MHoro. C llpyrc CTp3HC, TPc6aJlo je

4000 rO,/U1Ha .ua cc H3J)y, a nOTOM 11 .uew~1¢pyjy Crl1naT­

CKO II KJII1HaCTO ImCMO. AKo I1MaMO Cp6111iY. lloTpe6Ho je

TPa)f<l1T11 11 Hahn 11Ilcanc TParOBe KOjH 6H pa3jactlllJlH

cep6cKy Kynrypy H MellHWlI-IY H tbCIi yTHUaj fla llpyre

KyllType. [)eorpall, Huw Ii apYnl rpaJlOBU J1C>KC Ha HCKO­

mlKO CllojcBa paHI1jl1x Kylrrypa, aIHI caaKl1 Halla3 II IlOKa3

TIfX KyJ1Typa je npaKTlllJHO cnylJajaH.

LITERATURA

I. Lukovic·Pejanovic O. Scrbs... the People of EarliestTime. Beograd: AIZ Dosije; 1990. (in Serbian)

2. Deretii: J. Serbs - People and Race, New Testa­ment. Banja Luka: Glas srpski; 1998. (in Serbian)

3. Stanojev;c V. Classical medical traces on the lerriloryof Yugoslavia. Pro Medico 1960/63; 2(IV); 14-21. (inSerbian)

4. Homer. Iliad (lranslated by Milo~ N. flurie). Beo­grad: Prosveta; 1990. (in Serbian)

5. War Album 1914-1918. Brief historical overview ofthe World War and the events that preceded it. Beo­grad: Arhiv IVMNID VMA; 175ml: 373-400. (inSerbian)

6. Grmek MD, Glesinger L, Drag;/: M, Pintar I, Levell­tal Z, Dragic Dj. Hislory of Medicine. In: Sercer A,editor. Medical Encyclopedia (Vol V). Zagreb:Jugoslavenski leksikografski zavad; 1970. p.354-94. (in Serbian).

7. AnlOn;c Z, editor. History of Belgrade. Beograd: Balka­

noloski instilut SANU - Dragani". 1995. (in Serbian)

8. Jallklilov B. Medicine in Prehistoric Age. Med Pregl (N.

Sad) 1953; 6: 358-60. (in Serbian)

9. Tomic-Karovic K. Snake as a cultural and hjslOrical phe­

nomenon. Lijec Vjesn 1952; 74: 72-9. (in Serbian)

10. Stanojevic V. History of Medicine. Beograd - Zagreb:Medicinska knjiga; 1962. (in Serbian)

II. Katie R. Serbian Medicine since the IX till lhe XIX Cen~

wry. Beograd: Srpska akadcmij3 nauka i umcrnosu (special

issues - book CDXV) - Naucno dclo; 1967. (in Serbian)

12. Dllgacki V. Mythology in medical lcrminology. Lijcc

Vjesn 1963; 85: 649-58. (in Serbian)

13. Staflojevic V. llIyrian and Thracian medicine. Acta HislMed Pharm Vet 1962; 2(1): 9-19. (in Serbian)

14. Petkovic 1. Bela Palanka - Rcmezijana. Nis: Grafika

Galeb; 200 I.

15. Grmek MD. Arabic testimonies about health conditionsand the medicine of the Ancient Slavs. Lijec Vjcsn 1961:83: 271-9. (in Serbian)

Rad je primljen 22. IV 2002. god.

22 Cp6uua - HajcTapllja nomYll3 316YK3 (lpOllCTCI\O nllCf>lO) Ha~cHajc y

BHH'l.ll. a nOTlt'lC III IV MlIJlcHlljyMa II.H.C.

Correspondence to: Mile Ignjatovic, Vojnomedidnska akademija, Klinika za opstu i vaskulamu hirurgiju; Cmotravska 17,11040 Beograd, Srbija i Crna Gora. Tel: +381 1166 II 22, Ext. 31550.