4 ubZ Lokfr - Saraswati Books House Material... · 2018. 7. 3. · Second Floor, MGM Tower, 19 Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 (India) Phone: +91-11-43556600 Fax+91-11-43556688

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ubZ Lokfrfganh ikBekyk

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4

Second Floor, MGM Tower, 19 Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 (India) Phone : +91-11-43556600Fax : +91-11-43556688E-mail : [email protected] : www.saraswatihouse.comCIN : U22110DL2013PTC262320Import-Export Licence No. 0513086293

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Revised Edition 2017

ISBN: 978-93-8630-723-1

Published by: New Saraswati House (India) Pvt. Ltd.19 Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 (India)

The moral rights of the author has been asserted.

©Reserved with the Publishers

All rights reserved under the Copyright Act. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transcribed, transmitted, stored in a retrieval system or translated into any language or com-puter, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, man-ual, photocopy or otherwise without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prose-cution and civil claims for damages.

Printed at: Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., Sahibabad (Uttar Pradesh)

This book is meant for educational and learning purposes. The author(s) of the book has/have taken all reasonable care to ensure that the contents of the book do not violate any copyright or other intellectual property rights of any person in any manner whatsoever. In the event the author(s) has/have been unable to track any source and if any copyright has been inadvertently infringed, please notify the publisher in writing for any corrective action.

(iii)

vkeq[k

^Lokfr fganh ikBekyk* dh iqLrosaQ jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ osQ mn~ns';ksa osQ vuqlkj rS;kj dh xbZ gSaA ;s iqLrosaQ cky&osaQfnzr f'k{k.k izfØ;k ij iw.kZr;k cy nsrh gSaA

f'k{kdx.k fon~;kfFkZ;ksa dks mfpr :i ls fo"k;&lkexzh rFkk Hkk"kk&f'k{k.k iznku dj losaQ blfy, bl ikBekyk dh iqLrdksa osQ fy, f'k{kd&lanf'kZdk cukbZ xbZ gSaA

f'k{kd&lanf'kZdk dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk,¡ gSaµ

l lHkh ikBksa osQ lkjka'kA

l ikBxr vH;kl&iz'uksa osQ mRrjA

l izR;sd ikB esa cPpksa osQ vH;kl osQ fy, nks&nks dk;Z&if=kdk,¡ mRrj lfgrA

l cPpksa dh dYiuk'khyrk ,oa fparu dkS'kyksa osQ fodkl gsrq mRrj jfgr dk;Z&if=kdkA

µys[kdx.k

fo"k;&lwph

1- vjeku --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

2- lcls vPNk cLrk --------------------------------------------------------------------- 11

3- uanu ou dh lSj ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 17

4- eSa gw¡ esVªks ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23

5- uhe -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 29

6- i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ dk egRRo ------------------------------------------------------------ 36

7- lR; dh ijh{kk -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43

8- esjk iz;ksx dhft, ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 49

9- osQjy ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55

10- ugha O;FkZ cgkvks ikuh --------------------------------------------------------------- 61

11- iwoksZRrj Hkkjr dk xkSjoµeSjh dkWe --------------------------------------------- 68

12- ikB'kkyk ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 75

13- buls lh[kks -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 81

14- x.kifr cIik eksj;k -------------------------------------------------------------------- 87

vifBr xn~;ka'k vifBr in~;ka'k -------------------------------------------- 94

ladfyr ewY;kadu&1 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 95

ladfyr ewY;kadu&2 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 96

(iv)

5

vjeku

lkjka'k

dfo us bl dfork osQ ekè;e ls ns'kHkfDr dh Hkkouk dks n'kkZ;k gSA dfo dgrs gSa fd Hkkjro"kZ osQ cPpksa osQ vjeku Hkh ns'kizse ls vksrizksr gSaA bl ns'k osQ cPps pkgrs gSa fd os oqQN ,sls dke djsa fd mudk uke lnk osQ fy, vej gks tk,A os vius ns'k osQ gj ”k:jrean O;fDr dks xys yxkdj mUgsa lq[kh cukuk pkgrs gSaA cPpksa dk vjeku gS fd os gj O;fDr osQ thou osQ lHkh nq[k nwj djosQ muosQ thou dks izdkf'kr dj nsaAcPps pkgrs gSa fd tks O;fDr vius thou ls fujk'k gks x, gSa] os mu O;fDr;ksa dks thus dh ubZ jkg fn[kkdj mRlkg ls Hkj nsaA cPps izkFkZuk djrs gSa fd muosQ bl ekxZ esa dksbZ vM+pu u iSnk djsa] ftlls os viuh ekr`Hkwfe dh lPph lsok dj losaQA

cPps dgrs gSa fd os mu vk”kknh osQ nhokuksa osQ cPps gSa] ftUgksaus tku ij [ksydj vius ns'k dks vk”kkn djok;kA mudk lEeku djrs gq, ge Hkh vius ns'k osQ fy, lc oqQN U;ksNkoj dj nsuk pkgrs gSaA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd

(d) cPps vius vPNs deks± osQ n~okjk nqfu;k esa uke dekuk pkgrs gSa] ftlls ejus osQ ckn Hkh mudk uke vej jgsA

([k) vius thou esa ln~deZ djosQ ^vej* cuk tk ldrk gSA

(x) cPpksa us fHk[kkjh rFkk vlgk; yksxksa dks xjhc ekuk gSA

fyf[kr 1- (d) dfo osQ vuqlkj cPps xjhc vkSj fHk[kkjh yksxksa dks xys yxkdj vFkkZr mudh lgk;rk

djosQ lq[kh cukuk pkgrs gSaA ([k) jksdks er] vkxs c<+us nks* ls dfo dk ;g rkRi;Z gS fd bu vk”kknh osQ nhokus cPpksa dks

ekr`Hkwfe dh lsok djus ls er jksdksA (x) mEehn gkj pqosQ yksxksa dks ubZ lksp o ubZ psruk Hkjdj mRlkfgr fd;k tk ldrk gSA (?k) cPps mu ns'kHkDrksa dk eku c<+kuk pkgrs gSa] tks viuh /qu osQ iDosQ FksA cPps mu ohjksa

osQ crk, ekxZ ij pydj viuk o vius ns'k dk uke izfln~/ djuk pkgrs gSaA

1

6

(Ä) fHk{kk ek¡xuk lkekftd] dkuwuh ,oa uSfrd :i ls xyr dk;Z gSA fHk{kk ek¡xus ls O;fDr viuk vkRelEeku [kks nsrk gSA gesa ,sls yksxksa dks ifjJe dk egRRo le>kuk pkfg, rFkk mUgsa esgur ls dekdj thou pykus osQ fy, izsfjr djuk pkfg,A

(cPps vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA) (p) fdlh O;fDr dh enn iSls nsdj dh tk, ;k oqQN oLrq,¡ nsdj] ;g ml O;fDr dh ”k:jr

osQ vuqlkj r; djuk pkfg,A (cPps vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

2- 1- ([k) vejksa esa 2- (x) tks xjhc gSa

3- (x) tks mEehn ekjdj cSBs gSa 4- (d) ekr`Hkwfe dh

3- (d) tks yksx xjhc fHk[kkjh gSa] ([k) ge mu ohjksa osQ cPps gSa]

ftu ij u fdlh dh Nk;k gS] tks /qu osQ iDosQ lPps Fks]

ge mudks xys yxk,¡xs] ge mudk eku c<+k,¡xs

ge mudks lq[kh cuk,¡xsA ge tx esa uke dek,¡xsA

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- (d) yxk,¡xs ([k) cuk,¡xs (x) txk,¡xs (?k) ekjdj (Ä) gj (p) cPps

2- (d) eR;q ([k) vehj (x) mtkyk (?k) /wi (Ä) xqykeh (p) dk;j (N) vieku (t) ihNs

3- (d) tks dHkh uk ejs (iii) vej

([k) mn~;e djus okyk (iv) mn~;eh

(x) ftlosQ ikl /u u gks (i) /ughu@xjhc

(?k) tks /qu dk iDdk gks (ii) /quh

4- (d) eSa /qu dk iDdk gw¡] dfBu dke djosQ fn[kykÅ¡xkA

([k) nhuksa dks xys yxkus okyk gh rks nhuca/q dgykrk gSA

(x) ge vPNs dke djosQ Lo.kZ v{kjksa esa viuk uke fy[kok,¡xsA

(?k) mBks! vkxs c<+ksA dc rd eu ekjdj cSBs jgksxs\

dfBu 'kCnksa dk vH;kl dhft,

fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a djsaA

O;fDrRo fu[kkj


vkvksa pysa iBu ls nwj


7

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1

uke % -------------- d{kk % ------------- vè;kid@vè;kfidk % ------------ iw.kk±d

vuqozQekad % -------------- fnukad % ------------- vfHkHkkod % ------------ 15

1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 4 = 4

(d) dfo osQ 'kkSd vkSj vjeku fdlfy, gSa\

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([k) fdu ij fdlh dh Nk;k ugha gS\

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(x) dfo fduosQ eu osQ dksus&dksus esa nhi tykuk pkgrk gS\

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(?k) dfo us vkxs c<+usokyksa dks fdldk nhokuk crk;k gS\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ foijhr 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 6 = 6

(d) thuk µ --------------------------- ([k) vehj µ ---------------------------

(x) va/dkj µ --------------------------- (?k) Nk¡o µ ---------------------------

(Ä) lq[k µ --------------------------- (p) gkjuk µ ---------------------------

3- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ nks&nks i;kZ;okph 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) v¡/sjk µ ----------------------- -----------------------

([k) nhi µ ----------------------- -----------------------

(x) cPpk µ ----------------------- -----------------------

(?k) u”kj µ ----------------------- -----------------------

(Ä) vk”kknh µ ----------------------- -----------------------

8

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) vkidh u”kj esa vlgk; yksx dkSu gksrs gSa\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) dfo viuk uke fdu yksxksa esa fy[kokuk pkgrk gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) dfo fdUgsa lq[kh cukus dh ckr dj jgk gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) ^viuh gh ugha u”kj esa gSa* dk D;k vFkZ gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) fdldh lsok esa dfo viuk loZLo yxkuk pkgrk gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ls okD; cukb,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) mEehn µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) vej µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) ohj µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) nhi µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) nqfu;k µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3- vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) mn~;e djus okyk µ -----------------------------

([k) mRlkg fn[kkus okyk µ -----------------------------

(x) fgEer fn[kkus okyk µ -----------------------------

(?k) bZekunkjh ls dke djus okyk µ -----------------------------

(Ä) vkn'kks± dks ekuus okyk µ -----------------------------

9

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3

dYiuk 'kfDr ij vk/kfjr



1- tks yksx vPNk dke djrs gSa] os vej gks tkrs gSaA vki vej gksus osQ fy, dkSu&dkSu ls dk;Z djuk ilan djsaxs\ 5

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2- ijh{kk vPNh u gksus osQ dkj.k vkidk fe=k cgqr mnkl gSA vki mldk mRlkg txkus osQ fy, D;k djsaxs\ 5

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10

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) dfo us nqfu;k esa oqQN djosQ fn[kykus osQ fy, 'kkSd vkSj vjeku l¡tksdj j[ks gSaA

([k) tks yksx xjhc o fHk[kkjh gSa] mu ij fdlh dh Nk;k ugha gSA

(x) tks yksx v¡/sjs esa gSa vkSj tks viuh gh u”kj esa ugha gSa] muosQ eu osQ dksus&dksus esa nhi tyk,¡xsA

(?k) dfo us vkxs c<+us okyksa dks vktknh dk nhokuk crk;k gSA

2- (d) ejuk ([k) xjhc (x) izdk'k (?k) /wi (Ä) nq[k

(p) thruk

3- (d) re] va/dkj ([k) nhid] nh;k

(x) cky] ckyd (?k) fuxkg] n`f"V

(Ä) Lora=krk] eqfDr

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) tks yksx xjhc&fHk[kkjh gksrs gSa] os viuh gh u”kj esa vlgk; gksrs gSaA

([k) dfo viuk uke vej yksxksa esa fy[kokuk pkgrk gSA

(x) ftu ij fdlh dh Nk;k ugha gS] dfo mu yksxksa dks lq[kh cukuk pkgrk gSA

(?k) vlgk; vkSj Lo;a dks ghu ekuus okys yksxksa osQ fy, ;g iafDr dgh xbZ gSA

(Ä) dfo ekr`Hkwfe dh lsok esa viuk loZLo yxkuk pkgrk gSA

2- (d) gesa dHkh mEehn ugha NksM+uh pkfg,A

([k) lnSo ifjJe ls vkxs c<+uk pkfg,A

(x) ohj f'kokth us 'k=kqvksa dks /wy pVk nhA

(?k) nhikoyh ij eSaus vusd nhi tyk,A

(Ä) nqfu;k bZekunkj yksxksa dk lEeku djrh gSA

3- (d) mn~;eh ([k) mRlkgh (x) fgEerh (?k) bZekunkj

(Ä) vkn'kZoknh

11

lcls vPNk cLrk

lkjka'k

,d fnu iYyoh us ikB'kkyk ls ?kj ykSVrs gh viuh ek¡ dks crk;k fd LowQy esa ftl yM+dh dk cLrk lcls vPNk gksxk] mls buke feysxkA ek¡ us ,d lqanj&lk diM+k iYyoh dk cLrk cukus osQ fy, pqukA iYyoh cgqr [kq'k FkhA vxys fnu ls fon~;ky; esa lHkh yM+fd;k¡ u,&u, cLrs ykus yxhaA ftl fnu izfr;ksfxrk Fkh] ml fnu iYyoh Hkh viuh ek¡ osQ n~okjk cuk;k x;k cLrk LowQy ysdj xbZAlHkh yM+fd;ksa dks mldk cLrk vPNk yxkA os lc LowQy tk gh jgh Fkha] jkLrs esa iYyoh us ns[kk fd ,d cw<+h L=kh ?kk;y voLFkk esa ”kehu ij iM+h gSA mlosQ ?kkoksa ls [kwu fudy jgk Fkk rFkk efD[k;k¡ mlosQ ?kkoksa ij cSBdj mls cgqr ijs'kku dj jgh FkhaA ;g ns[kdj iYyoh us vius u, cLrs dks m/sM+dj ml diM+s ls cw<+h L=kh osQ ?kkoksa dks <d fn;k vkSj fcuk cLrs osQ LowQy vk xbZA vè;kfidk osQ iwNus ij iYyoh us lkjh ?kVuk crkbZA vè;kfidk iYyoh dh ckr lqudj cgqr izlUu gqb± rFkk mUgksaus iYyoh dks izFke iqjLdkj esa xqfM+;k nhA mUgksaus dgk fd fdlh ph”k dh vPNkbZ vly esa rHkh gS] tc og fdlh vPNs dke esa vk,A

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd

(d) ikB'kkyk ls ykSVdj iYyoh us ek¡ dks crk;k fd ikB'kkyk esa ftl yM+dh dk cLrk lcls vPNk

gksxk] mls buke esa ,d lqanj xqfM+;k nh tk,xhA

([k) iYyoh dh ckr lqudj ek¡ us mls cLrk cukus osQ fy, ,d lqanj diM+k fn[kk;kA

(x) iYyoh cgqr le>nkj vkSj n;kyq yM+dh FkhA

(?k) ikB'kkyk tkrs le; iYyoh dk lqanj cLrk ns[kdj mldh lgsfy;k¡ gDdh&cDdh jg xb±A

fyf[kr

1- (d) ikB'kkyk tkrs le; iYyoh us ns[kk fd ,d cw<+h L=kh ?kk;y voLFkk esa ”kehu ij iM+h FkhA

mlosQ 'kjhj osQ dbZ LFkkuksa ls ygw cg jgk Fkk vkSj mu ij efD[k;k¡ fHkufHkuk jgh FkhaA

([k) iYyoh us cw<+h L=kh dh lgk;rk djus osQ fy, vius u, cLrs dh flykbZ [kksydj diM+k

fudkyk rFkk ml diM+s ls cw<+h L=kh osQ ?kkoksa dks <d fn;kA

2

12

(x) iYyoh dh ckr lqudj vè;kfidk us dgk fd buke dh gdnkj og yM+dh ugha gSftldk cLrk lcls lkI+kQ gS] cfYd og gS ftlus ,d xjhc o chekj cw<+h L=kh dks viuk cLrk mlosQ ?kko <dus osQ fy, ns fn;kA

(?k) var esa iYyoh dk cLrk lcls vPNk blfy, eku fy;k x;k] D;ksafd fdlh ph”k dh vPNkbZ vly esa rHkh gS] tc og fdlh vPNs dke esa vk,] u fd mldh ckgj dh lqanjrk esaA

(Ä) bl ikB ls gesa ;g f'k{kk feyrh gS fd gesa eqlhcr osQ le; yksxksa dh lgk;rk djuh pkfg,A gesa nwljksa osQ lkFk lnk fouez O;ogkj djuk pkfg,A

(p) lM+d ij fdlh ?kk;y O;fDr dks ns[kdj ,acqysal dks cqyk,¡xsA vU; yksxksa osQ lkFk feydj izkFkfed fpfdRlk nsus dk iz;kl djsaxsA mlosQ ifjokj osQ yksxksa dks lwpuk nsaxsA

(Nk=k vU; fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA) 2- 1- ([k) le>nkj o n;kyq 2- (x) lqanj xqfM+;k 3- ([k) rkfy;k¡ ctkus yxh 4- ([k) cM+h n;k vkbZ 5- (d) vkdk'k&ikrky ,d dj fn;kA

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- (d) cqjk ([k) vlqanj (x) dk¡Vk (?k) xe (Ä) ukle> (p) jkr 2- (d) oL=k] olu ([k) LowQy] fon~;ky; (x) fnol] okj (?k) ikfjrksf"kd] iqjLdkj (Ä) fourh] fou; (p) ru] dk;k 3- cLrk] diM+k] ikB'kkyk] xqfM+;k] d{kk] iwQy] :eky] iqLrd 4- vkdk'k&ikrky ,d djuk gDdk&cDdk jg tkuk ihB FkiFkikuk 5- viuk&viuk] fpYyk&fpYyk] vkdk'k&ikrky] gDdh&cDdh

dfBu 'kCnksa dk vH;kl dhft,A


O;fDrRo fu[kkj




13

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1




(d) iYyoh dgk¡ ls ykSVdj vkbZ Fkh\

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([k) vè;kfidk us vxys lIrkg D;k ns[kus osQ fy, dgk\

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(x) ,d lqanj&lh xqfM+;k buke esa fdldks nh tk,xh\

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(?k) iYyoh dks oSQlh yM+dh crk;k x;k gS\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ foijhrkFkZd 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 6 = 6

(d) fnu µ --------------------------- ([k) vkt µ ---------------------------

(x) vPNk µ --------------------------- (?k) buke µ ---------------------------

(Ä) ikl µ --------------------------- (p) ,d µ ---------------------------

3- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ i;kZ;okph 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ek¡ µ ----------------------- -----------------------

([k) yM+dh µ ----------------------- -----------------------

(x) iwQy µ ----------------------- -----------------------

(?k) gkFk µ ----------------------- -----------------------

(Ä) [kwu µ ----------------------- -----------------------

14

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) lc yM+fd;k¡ dgk¡ tk jgh Fkha\

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([k) buke ikus osQ fy, lHkh yM+fd;ksa us D;k fd;k\

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(x) iYyoh vkSj mldh lgsfy;ksa us D;k ns[kk\

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(?k) cw<+h L=kh D;ksa ugha mB ldrh Fkh\

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(Ä) cw<+h L=kh fpYyk&fpYykdj D;k dg jgh Fkh\

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2- ikB esa ls ik¡p 'kCn&;qXe Nk¡fV,_ tSlsµ^dksbZ&dksbZ*µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ------------------------------------------ ([k) ------------------------------------------

(x) ------------------------------------------ (?k) ------------------------------------------

(Ä) ------------------------------------------

3- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa dk okD;ksa esa iz;ksx dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) [kq'kh µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) vkSj µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) vkdk'k µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) ?kj µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) ijh{kk µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

15

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- vktdy LowQyksa osQ cSx cM+s Hkkjh gksrs gSa] tks cPpksa osQ fy, uqdlkunk;d gksrs gSaA oSQls\ 5

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2- vki viuh lqfo/k osQ vuqlkj oSQlk cSx ysuk ilan djsaxs\ 5

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16

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) iYyoh ikB'kkyk ls ykSVdj vkbZ FkhA

([k) vè;kfidk us vxys lIrkg lcosQ u, cLrs ns[kus osQ fy, dgkA

(x) ftldk cLrk lcls vPNk gksxk] mls ,d lqanj xqfM+;k buke esa nh tk,xhA

(?k) iYyoh dks cgqr le>nkj rFkk n;kyq yM+dh crk;k x;k gSA

2- (d) jkr ([k) dy (x) cqjk (?k) l”kk (Ä) nwj (p) vusd

3- (d) ekrk] tuuh ([k) ckfydk] dU;k (x) iq"i] lqeu (?k) gLr] dj (Ä) jDr] ygw

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) lc yM+fd;k¡ viuk&viuk cLrk ysdj ikB'kkyk tk jgh FkhaA

([k) buke ikus osQ fy, lHkh yM+fd;ksa us vkdk'k&ikrky ,d dj fn;kA

(x) iYyoh vkSj mldh lgsfy;ksa us lM+d ij ,d ?kk;y vkSj cw<+h L=kh dks ns[kkA

(?k) fucZy gksus osQ dkj.k cw<+h L=kh mB ugha ik jgh FkhA

(Ä) cw<+h L=kh fpYyk&fpYyk dj mlosQ ?kkoksa dks diM+s ls <dus osQ fy, dg jgh FkhA

2- (d) viuk&viuk ([k) vkdk'k&ikrky

(x) gDdh&cDdh (?k) fpYyk&fpYykdj

(Ä) tYnh&tYnh

3- (d) gesa gj dk;Z [kq'kh ls djuk pkfg,A

([k) jhek vkSj dapu vPNh lgsfy;k¡ gSaA

(x) jkr gksrs gh lkjk vkdk'k rkjksa ls Hkj x;kA

(?k) esjk ?kj cgqr lqanj gSA

(Ä) dy gekjh fganh dh ijh{kk gSSA

17

uanu ou dh lSj

lkjka'k

ys[kd ikB osQ ekè;e ls i;kZoj.k laj{k.k osQ izfr tkxzr djuk rFkk isM+&ikS/ksa osQ egRRo ls voxr djkuk pkgrk gSA ys[kd izÑfr osQ izfr esytksy c<+kuk pkgrk gS og ;g crkuk pkgrk gS fd izÑfr esa ,slh nqyZHk ouLifr;k¡ lajf{kr gSa] tks gekjs thou dks LokLF;o/Zd cukrh gSaA uhe] rqylh] iqnhus dh ifRr;k¡ LokLF; osQ fy, ykHkizn gSa rFkk cjxn o rsanw osQ o`{kksa osQ iRrksa ls Fkkfy;k¡ vkSj nksus cukdj iznw"k.k dks jksdk tk ldrk gSA vè;kfidk n~okjk ou dh lSj izÑfr ls esytksy c<+kus rFkk ou laj{k.k dh rjI+kQ è;ku nsus dk lans'k nsrh gSA le;≤ ij cPpksa n~okjk ou dh lSj lewg Hkkouk] Kku o mRlkgo/Zu Hkh djrh gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd (d) eksfgr dh vè;kfidk vkt cPpksa dks uanu ou ysdj xbZ FkhaA

([k) cPpksa dks ukprs&xkrs irk gh ugha pyk fd os dc uanu ou igq¡p x,A

(x) NksVh&NksVh D;kfj;ksa esa vyx&vyx rjg osQ ikS/s yxs gq, FksA

(?k) vè;kfidk us cPpksa ls mudh ilan dh nks&nks ifRr;k¡ ykus dks dgkA

fyf[kr 1- (d) eksfgr us LowQy tkrs le; viuh ek¡ dks crk;k fd vkt vè;kfidk mldh d{kk osQ lHkh

cPpksa dks uanu ou ysdj tk,¡xhA ([k) uanu ou igq¡pdj cPpksa us ns[kk fd ogk¡ pkjksa rjI+kQ gjs&Hkjs isM+ gSaA ou osQ chpksa&chp

?kkl dk eSnku gS] ftlesa NksVh&NksVh D;kfj;k¡ Hkh gSaA D;kfj;ksa esa lqanj&lqanj iwQy gSaA (x) vè;kfidk us cPpksa ls dgk fd eSa rqe lcdks rhl feuV dk le; nsrh gw¡] rqe lc ou

esa ?kweks vkSj viuh ilan dh nks&nks ifRr;k¡ ysdj vkvksA (?k) dfudk us viuh ifRr;k¡ fn[kkrs gq, dgk fd dy esjh ek¡ ,slh gh lw[kh ifRr;k¡

xeZ diM+ksa osQ chp esa j[k jgh FkhaA (Ä) ehrk us pgdrs gq, crk;k fd eSa rqylh o iqnhus dh ifRr;k¡ ykbZ gw¡A mlus crk;k fd

rqylh dh ifRr;k¡ cgqr ifo=k rFkk I+kQk;nsean gksrh gSa vkSj iqnhus dh ifRr;k¡ cM+h [kq'kcwnkj gksrh gSaA iqnhus dh pVuh cM+h e”ksnkj gksrh gSA

3

18

(p) fdlh Hkh LFkku ij ogk¡ osQ vf/dkjh ls fcuk vkKk fy, oqQN Hkh ysuk mfpr ugha gksrkA fcuk vuqefr osQ dksbZ ph”k ysuk pksjh ekuk tkrk gSA

(fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA) (N) ge yksxksa dks le>k,¡xs fd iRrksa ls cuh Fkkfy;k¡ iznw"k.k ls cpkrh gSa] tcfd IykfLVd

ls i;kZoj.k dks uqdlku igq¡prk gSA gesa i;kZoj.k dk fe=k cuuk pkfg,] 'k=kq ughaA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA) 2- (d) ([k) (x) (?k) 3- (d) ikS/s ([k) eSnku (x) vkKk (?k) [kq'kcwnkj 4- 1- ([k) ?kkl dk eSnku 2- (x) 30 feuV 3- (d) nks&nks 4- (?k) uhe dh

O;kdj.k dh ckr 1- (d) uanu ([k) vkuan (x) ilan (?k) canuokj (Ä) yach (p) lqanj (N) ia[ks (t) esa 2- (d) mnkl ([k) dy (x) cM+h (?k) voxq.k (Ä) vifo=k (p) jksuk 3- (d) isM+] o`{k ([k) ?kj] lnu (x) gkFk] gLr (?k) Nk=k] fon~;kFkhZ (Ä) iqLrd] fdrkc 4- (d) vè;kfidk] cPpksa] eSnku ([k) jkLrk (x) ifRr;k¡] eksgu] vè;kfidk (?k) uhe] ifRr;k¡] xq.k 5- fo'ks"k.k fo'ks"; lw[kh ifRr;k¡ xeZ diM+s lqanj canuokj ifo=k ou twBh Fkkfy;k¡ [kq'kcwnkj ifRr;k¡ 6- (d) [kq'kcwnkj ([k) lqanjrk (x) tkunkj (?k) izlUurk (Ä) dVkonkj (p) dkseyrk

dfBu 'kCnksa dk vH;kl dhft, fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a djsaA

O;fDrRo fu[kkj fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a djsaA

vkvksa pysa iBu ls nwj fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a djsaA

19

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1




(d) eksfgr dh [kq'kh dk D;k dkj.k Fkk\

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([k) ?kkl dk eSnku dgk¡ ij Fkk\

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(x) cPpksa us ,d&nwljs dk gkFk idM+dj D;k fd;k\

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(?k) lcls igys vè;kfidk dks ifRr;k¡ fdlus fn[kkbZ\

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(d) vk;k µ ----------------------- ([k) nsj µ -----------------------

(x) uk[kq'k µ ----------------------- (?k) cM+k µ -----------------------

(Ä) [kq'kcw µ ----------------------- (p) vf/d µ -----------------------

3- fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ i;kZ;okph fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) lkxj µ --------------------------- ([k) tkuoj µ ---------------------------

(x) le; µ --------------------------- (?k) vè;kfidk µ ---------------------------

(Ä) vkuan µ ---------------------------

20

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) ek¡ us xeZ diM+ksa osQ chp D;k j[kk Fkk\

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([k) lkxj osQ iSj esa D;k gqvk Fkk\

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(x) uhe dh ifRr;ksa ls D;k curk gS\

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(?k) ehrk osQ ?kj osQ vk¡xu esa D;k Fkk\

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(Ä) lkxj osQ isV esa nnZ gksus ij ek¡ us D;k fd;k Fkk\

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2- fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ cgqopu fyf[k,µ 1 × 6 = 6

(d) Fkkyh µ --------------------- ([k) iRrh µ ---------------------

(x) ukyh µ --------------------- (?k) lkM+h µ ---------------------

(Ä) nokbZ µ --------------------- (p) Mkyh µ ---------------------

3- ikB ls vuqLokj okys ik¡p 'kCn Nk¡fV,µ 1 × 4 = 4

(d) ------------------------------------------ ([k) ------------------------------------------

(x) ------------------------------------------ (?k) ------------------------------------------

21

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- vki vius ?kj osQ ikl okys ikoZQ esa dkSu&dkSu ls isM+&ikS/s yxkuk pkgsaxs\ 5

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2- vkius uanu ou tSls fdlh lqanj LFky dh ;k=kk rks dh gksxhA mlosQ ckjs esa fyf[k,A 5

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22

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) eksfgr blfy, [kq'k Fkk] D;ksafd mudh vè;kfidk mUgsa uanu ou ys tk jgh FkhaA

([k) uanu ou osQ chpksa&chp ?kkl dk eSnku FkkA

(x) cPpksa us ,d&nwljs dk gkFk idM+dj ,d cM+k&lk xksy ?ksjk cuk;kA

(?k) lcls igys eksgu us vè;kfidk dks viuh ifRr;k¡ fn[kkb±A

2- (d) x;k ([k) tYnh (x) [kq'k (?k) NksVk (Ä) cncw

(p) de

3- (d) leqnz ([k) i'kq (x) oDr (?k) f'kf{kdk (Ä) [kq'kh

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) ek¡ us xeZ diM+ksa osQ chp esa uhe dh lw[kh ifRr;k¡ j[kh FkhaA

([k) lkxj osQ iSj esa iQksM+k fudyk FkkA

(x) uhe dh ifRr;ksa ls lkcqu curk gSA

(?k) ehrk osQ ?kj osQ vk¡xu esa rqylh dk pkSjk FkkA

(Ä) isV nnZ gksus ij lkxj dh ek¡ us mls iqnhus dk jl fiyk;k FkkA

2- (d) Fkkfy;k¡ ([k) ifRr;k¡ (x) ukfy;k¡ (?k) lkfM+;k¡

(Ä) nokb;k¡ (p) Mkfy;k¡

3- (d) uanu ([k) cPpksa (x) lqanj (?k) canuokj

23

eSa gw¡ esVªks

lkjka'k

fnYyh dh ifjogu O;oLFkk esa esVªks dh vge Hkwfedk gSA 'kgjksa esa esVªks osQ vkus ls ;krk;kr dh O;oLFkk esa lq/kj gqvk gSA esVªks vk/qfud ;qx dk rksgiQk gSA esVªks us fnYyh dks oYMZ flVh dh Js.kh esa [kM+k dj fn;k gSA blls ns'k fuekZ.k vkSj rduhd esa cqyafn;ksa dks Nw jgk gSA ;g ,slh ifj;kstuk gS] ftlus fnYyh vkSj fnYyhokyksa osQ nSfud thou dks cny fn;k gSA bl ifj;kstuk ls egkuxjksa osQ fofHkUu 'kgjksa osQ chp feuVksa esa ;k=kk dh tk ldrh gSA esVªks dh 'kq#vkr 24 fnlacj] 2002 dks 'kkgnjk&rhl g”kkjh ykbZu ls gqbZA bldh vf/dre xfr 80 fdeh@?kaVk j[kh xbZ gSA esVªks dk fuekZ.k nf{k.k dksfj;k dh oaQiuh jksVse (ROTEM) n~okjk fd;k x;k gSA bldk foLrkj fnYyh osQ lkFk&lkFk vU; 'kgjksa esa Hkh fd;k tk jgk gSA flracj 2011 esa la;qDr jk"Vª us gfjr x`g xSlksa esa deh ykus osQ fy, esVªks dks dkcZu ozsQfMV Hkh iznku fd;k x;k gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd (d) bl ikB esa esVªks jsy us vius ckjs esa crk;k gSA ([k) vk/qfud 'kgjh jsy dks esVªks jsy osQ uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA (x) esVªks jsy O;oLFkk Hkkjr esa fnYyh 'kgj ls 'kq: gqbZA (?k) fnYyh esVªks dk fuekZ.k nf{k.k dksfj;k dh daiuh jksVse n~okjk fd;k x;k gSA

(Ä) fnYyh esVªks dks lapkfyr djus okyh daiuh dk uke ^fnYyh esVªks jsy fuxe fyfeVsM* gSA

fyf[kr

1- (d) Hkkjr dh jkt/kuh fnYyh dks oYMZ flVh esVªks jsy us cuk;kA blosQ dkj.k fnYyhokyksa dk nSfud thou iwjh rjg cny x;k gSA

([k) esVªks jsy osQ dkj.k vc fnYyhoklh vius ifjfprksa ls vklkuh ls fey&tqy ikrs gSaA ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku rd igq¡pus esa mUgsa cgqr de le; yxrk gSA ftl dkj.k fnYyhokfl;ksa dk thou cgqr vklku gks x;k gSA

(x) fnYyh osQ vykok esVªks jsy dh ;kstuk dk foLrkj fnYyh ls lVs vU; 'kgjksaµxkf”k;kckn] uks,Mk] xqM+xk¡o] iQjhnkckn vkfn rd gks jgk gSA

4

24

(?k) la;qDr jk"Vª us ^LoPN fodkl ra=k* ;kstuk osQ rgr gfjr x`g xSlksa esa deh ykus osQ dkj.k fnYyh esVªks dks nqfu;k dk igyk ^dkcZu ØsfMV* fn;kA

(Ä) esVªks jsy fctyh ls pyrh gSA esVªks jsy dh lqfo/kvksa osQ dkj.k yksx dkj] LowQVj] eksVj lkbfdy] clksa vkfn dh txg esVªks jsy esa ;k=kk djus yxs gSa] ftlls iznw"k.k de gqvk gSA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

(p) esVªks dks lkI+kQ&lqFkjk j[kus osQ fy, gesa esVªks jsy ,oa LVs'kuksa ij esVªks jsy osQ fu;eksa dk ikyu djuk pkfg,A ;fn dksbZ ph”k isaQduh gS] rks mls owQM+snku esa gh MkysaA esVªks jsy] LVs'ku] nhokjksa vkfn ij u FkwosaQA nhokjksa ij oqQN u fy[ksaA

(fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA) 2- (d) fnYyh esVªks ([k) 'kkgnjk (x) 20 (?k) egRRoiw.kZ 3- 1- ([k) oYMZ flVh 2- (x) tks/iqj esa 3- (x) 80 fdeh@?kaVk 4- ([k) 6 ekxks± ij pyus dh

O;kdj.k dh ckr 1- (d) iqjkru ([k) vehj (x) fcNqM+uk (?k) lkI+kQ (Ä) fons'k 2- (d) lI+kQj ([k) Hkjkslk (x) vkf[kjh (?k) LohÑfr (Ä) jks”kkuk (p) izxfr 3- esjh ftlus blls eSa eq>s esjs 4- (d) fpfM+;k¡ [kqys vkdk'k esa mM+ jgh gSaA ([k) oqQRrs HkkSad jgs gSaA (x) yksx Vgy jgs gSaA (?k) yM+dh >wyk >wy jgh gSA (Ä) oqQN yM+fd;k¡ vkil esa ckrsa dj jgh gSaA (p) ekyh ikS/ksa esa ikuh ns jgk gSA (N) iwQy f[ky jgs gSaA (fon~;kFkhZ vius vuqlkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

dfBu 'kCnksa dk vH;kl dhft, fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a djsaA

O;fDrRo fu[kkj fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a djsaA

vkvksa pysa iBu ls nwj fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a djsaA

25

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1




(d) Hkkjr esa lcls igys esVªks dk lqgkuk lI+kQj dgk¡ ls 'kq: gqvk\

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([k) esVªks fnYyh osQ vykok fdu&fdu vU; 'kgjksa esa py jgh gS\

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(x) esVªks jsy osQ dksbZ nks ykHk fyf[k,A

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(?k) vkius lcls igys esVªks esa ;k=kk dgk¡ ls dgk¡ rd dh\

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(d) 'kq#vkr µ --------------------------- ([k) ns'k µ ---------------------------

(x) fuekZ.k µ --------------------------- (?k) ”;knk µ ---------------------------

(Ä) thou µ --------------------------- (p) nwj µ ---------------------------


(d) fo'okl µ ----------------------- ----------------------

([k) bPNk µ ----------------------- -----------------------

(x) ns'k µ ----------------------- -----------------------

(?k) fgLlk µ ----------------------- -----------------------

(Ä) dgkuh µ ----------------------- -----------------------

26

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) fnYyhokyksa osQ nSfud thou esa cnyko fdl otg ls vk, gSa\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) fnYyh ls lVs nks 'kgjksa osQ uke fyf[k,A ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) lcls igys esVªks fnYyh osQ fdu {ks=kksa osQ chp esa pyh\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) fnYyh ls lVs vkSj fdu&fdu jkT;ksa osQ 'kgjksa rd esVªks viuh lsok ns jgh gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) jksVse dkSu ls ns'k dh daiuh gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- ikB esa ls dksbZ ik¡p vaxzsth 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ------------------------------------------ ([k) ------------------------------------------

(x) ------------------------------------------ (?k) ------------------------------------------

(Ä) ------------------------------------------

3- fn, x, 'kCnksa dk vius okD;ksa esa iz;ksx dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) egRRoiw.kZ µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) izkjafHkd µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) LoPN µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) LVs'ku µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) ;kstuk µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

27

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- vkius f'kykax ls vk, vius fe=k dks esVªks jsy dh ;k=kk djokbZA mls oSQlk yxk\ fyf[k,A 5

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2- esVªks osQ vkus ls 'kgjksa esa iznw"k.k de gqvk gSA oSQls\ 5

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28

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) Hkkjr dh jkt/kuh ubZ fnYyh ls esVªks dk lI+kQj 'kq: gqvk FkkA

([k) esVªks fnYyh osQ vykok] t;iqj] caxyw:] psUubZ] eqacbZ] vgenkckn vkfn 'kgjksa esa py jgh gSA

(x) (i) iznw"k.k de gksrk gSA (ii) ;k=kk esa de le; yxrk gSA

(?k) viuk vuqHko Lo;a fy[ksaA

2- (d) [kRe ([k) fons'k

(x) fouk'k (?k) de

(Ä) ej.k (p) ikl

3- (d) Hkjkslk] ;dhu ([k) vfHkyk"kk] pkg (x) oru] eqYd

(?k) Hkkx] va'k (Ä) dFkk] xYi

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) esVªks jsy dh otg ls fnYyhokyksa osQ thou esa cnyko vk, gSaA

([k) iQjhnkckn] xqM+xk¡o] uks,Mk

(x) 'kkgnjk vkSj rhl g”kkjh

(?k) uks,Mk] xqM+xk¡o] iQjhnkckn] xkft;kckn

(Ä) jksVse nf{k.k dksfj;k dh oaQiuh gSA

2- esVªks] flVh] bafM;k xsV] 'kkWfiax] vkblØhe

3- (d) lHkh dk;Z egRRoiw.kZ ekudj gh djus pkfg,A

([k) esjh izkjafHkd f'k{kk eqacbZ esa gqbZA

(x) okrkoj.k dks LoPN j[kuk gekjk drZO; gSA

(?k) ge tYnh&tYnh LVs'ku igq¡ps

(Ä) firk th us elwjh tkus dh ;kstuk cukbZA

(fon~;kFkhZ viuh ilan osQ okD; Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

29

uhe

lkjka'k

bl dfork osQ ekè;e ls dfo us izÑfr osQ ckjs esa cPpksa dks tkudkjh nsus dk lgt iz;kl fd;k gSA

uhe osQ isM+ osQ ekè;e ls os fy[krs gSa fd uhe osQ isM+ osQ fofHkUu Hkkx gekjs cgqr dke vkrs gSaA uhe

dh ifRr;k¡ diM+ksa o vukt dks dhM+ksa ls cpkrh gSaA uhe dh fuckSjh isVnnZ dks nwj djus esa lgk;d

gSA uhe dh xqByh osQ rsy osQ lkcqu ls gekjh Ropk fu[kjrh gS rFkk vusd chekfj;k¡ nwj gksrh gSaA isM+

gekjs okrkoj.k dks LoPN j[krs gSaA bl izdkj ekuo thou osQ fy, isM+ vfr vko';d gSaA gesa isM+ksa

dks dkVuk ugha pkfg,A

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd

(d) uhe vius ckjs esa dgrk gS fd eSa dksbZ MkWDVj] vks>k ;k oSn~;&gdhe ugha gw¡A eSa rks osQoy ,d

isM+ gw¡A

([k) uhe osQ rsy ls cus lkcqu osQ iz;ksx ls iQksM+s&iqaQlh lekIr gks tkrs gSaA

(x) uhe dh lw[kh ifRr;ksa dks Åuh diM+ksa o vukt esa j[kus ls muesa dhM+s ugha yxrsA uhe dh lw[kh

ifRr;ksa dks tykus ls eD[kh&ePNj Hkh Hkkx tkrs gSaA

(?k) uhe dk isM+ lwjt dh fdj.kksa ls feydj gok 'kqn~/ djrk gSA

(Ä) uhe us nqfu;k dh HkykbZ osQ fy, lnSo ¯tnk jgus dh Bkuh gSA

fyf[kr

1- (d) uhe osQ isM+ osQ fofHkUu Hkkxksa dk iz;ksx vk;qosZfnd vkS"kf/ osQ :i esa fd;k tkrk gSA blh

dkj.k uhe MkWDVj] oSn~; ;k gdhe dh rjg dke djrk yxrk gSA

([k) uhe osQ isM+ dk iQy vFkkZr~ fuckSjh isV dh chekjh esa dke vkrk gSA

(x) uhe us ,slk blfy, dgk gS] D;ksafd uhe euq";ksa osQ fy, vR;ar mi;ksxh gSA uhe osQ

dkj.k gesa 'kqn~/ ok;q Hkh feyrh gSA bu lHkh dkj.kksa ls uhe dk dVuk gekjs fy,

uqdlkunk;d gksxkA

5

30

(?k) uhe dh xqBfy;ksa ls rsy cuk;k tkrk gSA ml rsy ls cus lkcqu osQ iz;ksx ls gekjs

iQksM+s&iqaQfl;k¡ vkfn lgh gks tkrs gSa rFkk Ropk esa fu[kkj vkrk gSA

(Ä) uhe dk isM+ lnSo ekuo tkfr dh lsok djuk pkgrk gS blhfy, og dgrk gS fd tc

rd pk¡n o lwjt gSa rc rd nqfu;k dh [kkfrj og Hkh ftank jgsxkA

2- (d) uhe&fuckSjh dh xqByh]

oqQN ,slk rsy cuk,¡A

mlh rsy osQ lkcqu ls]

ge iQksM+s nwj Hkxk,¡A

([k) esjh lw[kh iRrh Mkyks]

Åuh diM+s] ukt cpk yksA

lw[kh ifRr;ksa osQ /q,¡ ls]

eD[kh&ePNj nwj Hkxk yksA

(x) tc rd lwjt&pk¡n

vkSj /jrh dh pys dgkuhA

rc rd nqfu;k dh [kkfrj

thus dh eSaus BkuhA

3- 1- ([k) oSn~;&gdhe

2- ([k) iwQy&fuckSjh

3- (d) 'kqn~/ djrk gS

4- (?k) ;s lHkh

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- izdk'k] tx] /jrh] ikou] >kM+h] dyh

2- pe&pe] Mky&Mky] xyh&xyh

gjk&Hkjk] nq[k&nnZ] vkeus&lkeus

fnu&jkr] lq[k&nq[k] BaMk&xje

>wB&ewB] [kkuk&okuk] xyr&lyr

3- fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a djsaA

31

4- (d) ikS/k ikS/s ikS/ksa cPpk cPps cPpksa yM+dk yM+osQ yM+dksa ([k) xqByh xqBfy;k¡ xqBfy;ksa chekjh chekfj;k¡ chekfj;ksa fuckSjh fuckSfj;k¡ fuckSfj;ksa

5- fo'ks"k.k fo'ks"; fo'ks"k.k fo'ks"; lw[kh iRrh BaMk ikuh 'kqn~/ gok lqanj iwQy fo'kky /jrh xhyh feV~Vh rs”k ckfj'k uUgk ikS/k gjs&Hkjs [ksr euilan [ksy

6- (d) v'kqn~/ ([k) vKku (x) vlR; (?k) vU;k;



O;fDrRo fu[kkj




32

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1




(d) xk¡oksa esa ik, tkus okys oqQN isM+ksa osQ uke fyf[k,A

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([k) xk¡o osQ yksx vDlj fdldh nkrqu djrs gSa\

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(x) uhe us D;k dgk\

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(?k) uhe us fdl&fdl dks ?kj ys tkus osQ fy, dgk gS\

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(d) iwQy µ --------------------------- ([k) viuk µ ---------------------------

(x) dkVuk µ --------------------------- (?k) ysuk µ ---------------------------

(Ä) chekj µ --------------------------- (p) lw[kh µ ---------------------------

3- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ i;kZ;ok;h 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) isM+ µ ----------------------- -----------------------

([k) gok µ ----------------------- -----------------------

(x) nqfu;k µ ----------------------- -----------------------

(?k) lwjt µ ----------------------- -----------------------

(Ä) /jrh µ ----------------------- -----------------------

33

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) isV dh chekjh dks oSQls nwj Hkxk;k tk ldrk gS\

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([k) uhe dh fdl ph”k ls lkcqu curk gS\

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(x) eD[kh&ePNjksa dks oSQls nwj Hkxk;k tk ldrk gS\

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(?k) uhe D;k u djus osQ fy, dg jgk gS\

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(Ä) gok 'kqn~/ oSQls gks tkrh gS\

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2- vuqukfld okys 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ------------------------------------------ ([k) ------------------------------------------

(x) ------------------------------------------ (?k) ------------------------------------------

(Ä) ------------------------------------------

3- uhe osQ dksbZ ik¡p ykHk fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

34

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- êsjk I;kjk uhe dk isM+* fo"k; ij ik¡p okD; fyf[k,A 5

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2- vxj nqfu;k esa isM+&ikS/s u gksrs rks D;k gksrk\ 5

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35

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) xk¡oksa esa ik, tkus okys oqQN isM+ksa osQ uke gSaµuhe] ccwy] ihiy] tkequ vkfnA

([k) xk¡o osQ yksx vDlj uhe ;k ccwy dh nkrqu djrs gSaA

(x) uhe us dgk fd u rks eSa oSn~;&gdhe gw¡] u vks>k gw¡A eSa rks ,d isM+ gw¡A

(?k) uhe us vius iwQy&fuckSjh ?kj ys tkus osQ fy, dgk gSA

2- (d) dk¡Vk ([k) ijk;k (x) tksM+uk (?k) nsuk

(Ä) LoLFk (p) xhyh

3- (d) o`{k] r# ([k) iou] lehj (x) txr] lalkj (?k) lw;Z] jfo (Ä) iFoh] olq/k

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) uhe osQ iwQy vkSj fuckSjh ls isV dh chekjh dks nwj Hkxk;k tk ldrk gSA

([k) fuckSjh dh xqByh osQ rsy ls lkcqu cuk;k tkrk gSA

(x) uhe dh lw[kh ifRr;ksa osQ /q,¡ ls eD[kh&ePNjksa dks nwj Hkxk;k tk ldrk gSA

(?k) uhe mls u dkVus osQ fy, dg jgk gSA

(Ä) uhe lwjt dh fdj.kksa ls feydj gok 'kqn~/ djrk gSA

2- (d) gw¡ ([k) cuk,¡ (x) Hkxk,¡ (?k) /q,¡ (Ä) pk¡n

3- (d) gok 'kqn~/ djrk gSA

([k) chekjh nwj Hkxkrk gSA

(x) mldh ifRr;k¡ diM+ksa vkSj vukt dh lqj{kk djrh gSaA

(?k) eD[kh&ePNjksa dks nwj Hkxkrk gSA

(Ä) fuckSjh osQ rsy dk lkcqu Ropk dks fu[kkjrk gSA

36

i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ dk egRRo

lkjka'k

bl ikB esa ys[kd us i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ osQ egRRo dks n'kkZ;k gSA ,d cw<+k O;kikjh Fkk] ftldk csVk

jksfgr cgqr lh/k Fkk blfy, O;kikjh ges'kk fpafrr jgrk FkkA ,d fnu mlus lksus osQ nl flDosQ

nsdj jksfgr ls O;kikj 'kq: djus dks dgkA jksfgr dks O;kikj djuk ilan u Fkk] og oqQN lh[kdj

esgur ls iSls dekuk pkgrk FkkA jksfgr us lkjs iSls nsdj 'krjat [ksyuk lh[kkA bl ckr ij mlosQ

firk cgqr ukjk”k gq,] mUgksaus nksckjk jksfgr dks lksus osQ nl flDosQ fn,A bl ckj mlus mu flDdksa ls

xkuk&ctkuk lh[k fy;kA og fiQj [kkyh gkFk ?kj ykSV vk;kA firk us fiQj mls lksus osQ vkf[kjh nl

flDosQ nsdj Hkst fn;kA bl ckj jksfgr us i<+uk&fy[kuk lh[kkA [kkyh gkFk ?kj oSQls tk,] bl ckr dks

ysdj og cgqr ijs'kku FkkA ijarq mls irk Fkk fd f'k{kk ges'kk dke vkrh gS vkSj ,slk gh gqvkA og

'kgj dh rjI+kQ py fn;kA jkLrs esa jksfgr osQ flrkj ctkus ls izlUu gksdj ,d ijh us mls lksus osQ

flDdksa ls Hkjh FkSyh nhA mlus 'krjat izfr;ksfxrk esa lkS flDosQ buke esa thrsA bl /u ls mlus xk¡o

esa ,d LowQy [kksykA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd

(d) O;kikjh dk csVk jksfgr cgqr lh/k FkkA

([k) cxhps esa cPps 'krjat [ksyuk lh[k jgs FksA

(x) izfr;ksfxrk esa lksus osQ lkS flDdksa buke dk j[kk x;k FkkA

(?k) ijh us jksfgr dks [kq'k gksdj lksus osQ flDdksa ls Hkjh FkSyh nhA

fyf[kr

1- (d) O;kikjh dk csVk cgqr lh/k FkkA mls nqfu;knkjh dk Kku ugha FkkA O;kikjh dks ges'kk ;gh

fpark jgrh Fkh fd mlosQ ejus ckn mldk csVk oSQls viuk thou pyk,xkA

([k) igyh ckj O;kikjh us jksfgr dks lksus osQ nl flDosQ fn,A mu flDdksa ls jksfgr us cxhps

esa [ksy jgs cPpksa ls 'krjat [ksyuk lh[kkA

6

37

(x) ijh blfy, jks jgh Fkh] D;ksafd mls flrkj ctkuk ugha vkrk FkkA jksfgr us flrkj ctkdj

ijh dks [kq'k dj fn;kA

(?k) tc jksfgr osQ firk us mls vkf[kjh nl flDosQ fn, rc cxhps esa cPpksa dks

i<+rs&fy[krs ns[kdj mls izsj.kk feyhA cgqr gksf'k;kj gksus osQ dkj.k og cgqr tYnh

i<+uk&fy[kuk lh[k x;kA

(Ä) jksfgr us 'krjat dh izfr;ksfxrk thrdj iSls dek,A iSls dekdj mlus vius xk¡o esa ,d

LowQy [kksyk rFkk cPpksa dks i<+kbZ&fy[kkbZ o laxhr dh f'k{kk nsus yxkA

(p) vius firk osQ dgus ij jksfgr O;kikj djuk lh[k tkrk] ;g laHko FkkA ijarq O;kikj

esa mldh #fp ugha Fkh] rks gks ldrk gS fd og vf/d fnu rd O;kikj u dj ikrkA

(fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

(N) ge vius fe=kksa rFkk ekrk&firk dh enn ls mu cPpksa dks f'k{kk fnyokus dk iz;kl djsaxs]

tks cPps LowQy ugha tk ikrsA mUgsa iqLrosaQ] dkWfi;k¡] LVs'kujh vkfn nsaxsA


2- (d) rhl ([k) lh/k (x) 'krjat (?k) flrkj (Ä) LowQy

3- 1- ([k) lksus osQ 2- (d) jksfgr dks 3- (x) ijh dks 4- ([k) 'krjat dh

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- iz/kukpk;Z (tkfrokpd) dIrku (tkfrokpd)

;'k (O;fDrokpd) lnL; (tkfrokpd)

fon~;ky; (tkfrokpd) izfrHkk (Hkkookpd)

vH;kl (Hkkookpd) Vhe (tkfrokpd)

2- (d) cw<+h ([k) dk¡Vk (x) l”kk (?k) jksuk (Ä) fnu (p) tkxuk

3- (d) cxhpk (iii) miou

([k) gkFk (i) dj

(x) xq# (v) f'k{kd

(?k) isM+ (ii) o`{k

(Ä) gkj (iv) ijkt;

38

4- (d) i<+rs&fy[krs ns[kk ([k) py iM+k

(x) lks x;k (?k) [kksyk

5- (d) O;kikjh ([k) nqfu;knkjh

(x) le>nkjh (?k) esgurh

(Ä) fgEerh (p) mnklh

(N) xyrh (t) [kq'kh



O;fDrRo fu[kkj




39

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1




(d) O;kikjh osQ csVs dk D;k uke Fkk\

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([k) O;kikjh fdlosQ ckjs esa fpafrr jgrk Fkk\

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(x) jksfgr us fdl [ksy esa vius xq# dks Hkh gjk fn;k\

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(?k) jksfgr dks D;k djuk vPNk ugha yxrk Fkk\

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(d) igyk µ --------------------------- ([k) jkr µ ---------------------------

(x) fpafrr µ --------------------------- (?k) 'kq: µ ---------------------------

(Ä) cgqr µ --------------------------- (p) dekuk µ ---------------------------


(d) csVk µ --------------------------- ([k) lksuk µ ---------------------------

(x) esgur µ --------------------------- (?k) cxhpk µ ---------------------------

(Ä) gkFk µ ---------------------------

40

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) ikB esa le>nkj fdls crk;k x;k gS\

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([k) cxhps esa rhljh ckj cPps D;k lh[k jgs Fks\

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(x) 'krjat dk [ksy lh[kus osQ ckn jksfgr us fdls gjk fn;k\

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(?k) jksfgr ?kj okil ykSVrs le; mnkl D;ksa Fkk\

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(Ä) vkf[kjh nl flDosQ nsus ls igys jksfgr osQ firk us D;k fd;k\

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2- ikB esa ls ik¡p laKk 'kCn Nk¡fV,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ------------------------------------------ ([k) ------------------------------------------

(x) ------------------------------------------ (?k) ------------------------------------------

(Ä) ------------------------------------------

3- mnkgj.k dks ns[kdj 'kCnksa ls izR;; vyx dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

O;kikjh µ O;kikj $ bZ

(d) le>nkjh µ --------------------------- ([k) xyrh µ ---------------------------

(x) nqfu;knkjh µ --------------------------- (?k) esgurh µ ---------------------------

(Ä) mnklh µ ---------------------------

41

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- vkidh ilan osQ okn~; ;a=k dkSu&dkSu ls gSa vkSj D;ksa\ fyf[k,A 5

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2- fon~;kfFkZ;ksa osQ fy, i<+kbZ osQ lkFk&lkFk [ksy&owQn Hkh ”k:jh gSA crkb, oSQls\ 5

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42

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) O;kikjh osQ csVs dk uke jksfgr FkkA

([k) O;kikjh vius csVs jksfgr osQ ckjs esa fpafrr jgrk FkkA

(x) 'krjat osQ [ksy esa jksfgr us vius xq# dks Hkh gjk fn;kA

(?k) jksfgr dks O;kikj djuk vPNk ugha yxrk FkkA

2- (d) vkf[kjh ([k) fnu

(x) fuf'apr (?k) [kRe

(Ä) de (p) x¡okuk

3- (d) lqr] iq=k ([k) Lo.kZ] dapu (x) ifjJe] Je

(?k) miou] okfVdk (Ä) dj] gLr

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) jksfgr dks lh/k vkSj le>nkj crk;k x;k gSA

([k) cxhps esa cPps i<+uk&fy[kuk lh[k jgs FksA

(x) [ksy lh[kus osQ ckn jksfgr us vius xq# dks gh gjk fn;kA

(?k) og blfy, mnkl Fkk] D;ksafd og [kkyh gkFk okil ugha tkuk pkgrk FkkA

(Ä) vkf[kjh nl flDosQ nsus ls igys jksfgr osQ firk us mls [kwc Mk¡VkA

2- (d) [ksy ([k) 'krjat (x) cxhpk (?k) flDosQ (Ä) lksuk

3- (d) le> $ nkj $ bZ

([k) xyr $ bZ

(x) nqfu;k $ nkj $ bZ

(?k) esgur $ bZ

(Ä) mnkl $ bZ

43

lR; dh ijh{kk

lkjka'k

bl ikB osQ ekè;e ls egkjkt lR;oknh gfj'panz osQ ckjs esa crk;k x;k gSA gfj'panz lw;Zoa'kh jktk Fks]

tks LoIu esa dgh gqbZ ckr dks Hkh lR; ekurs FksA tks opu os LoIu esa Hkh nsrs Fks] okLrfod thou esa

Hkh mls iwjk djrs FksA mUgksaus LoIu esa ns[kk fd mUgksaus ,d vKkr czkg~e.k dks LoIu esa lkjk jktikV nku

esa ns fn;k gSA mUgksaus ;g ckr jkuh dks crkbZA os ijs'kku Fks fd ml vKkr czkg~e.k dks dgk¡ <w¡<+sA mUgksaus

?kks"k.kk djok nh fd vkt ls jkT; ij vKkr czkg~e.k dk 'kklu le>k tk,A ,d fnu n~okjiky egkjkt

dks n~okj ij ,d Øks/h czkg~e.k osQ vkus vkSj vi'kCn cksyus dh ckr crkrk gSA egkjkt czkg~e.k dks

vknj lfgr vanj ykus osQ fy, dgrs gSaA os czkg~e.k egf"kZ fo'okfe=k FksA egf"kZ fo'okfe=k osQ dgus

ek=k ls mUgksaus viuk flagklu mUgsa lkSai fn;k Fkk rFkk nf{k.kk nsus dk opu fn;k FkkA egkjkt gfj'panz

us lR; osQ fy, fdruh gh ijh{kk,¡ nh Fkh blfy, mudk uke txr esa izfln~/ gks x;kA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd

(d) jktk gfj'panz lR; opu osQ fy, tkus tkrs gSaA ([k) jktk us ,d fofp=k&lk LoIu ns[kkA (x) n~okjiky us egkjkt dks lwfpr fd;k fd ,d Øks/h czkg~e.k n~okj ij [kM+k gSA

(?k) egkjkt us lius esa viuk iwjk jkT; nku esa ns fn;k FkkA

fyf[kr

1- (d) egkjkt gfj'panz lw;Zoa'kh Fks] tks LoIu esa fn, x, opuksa dks Hkh iwjk djrs Fks blfy,

mUgksaus LoIu dh ckr dks lp ekudj vKkr czkg~e.k dks jkT; nsus dk opu fn;kA

([k) fo'okfe=k ,d egku ½f"k Fks blfy, mudks egf"kZ fo'okfe=k osQ uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA

os jktk gfj'panz dh ijh{kk ysus muosQ ikl vk, FksA os ns[kuk pkgrs Fks fd jktk gfj'panz

vius opu dk ikyu djrs gSa ;k ughaA

7

44

(x) jktk gfj'panz us egf"kZ fo'okfe=k dks nf{k.kk esa ,d g”kkj Lo.kZ eqnzk,¡ nku nsus dk opu

fn;kA mUgksaus dgk fd os Lo;a dks cspdj Hkh viuh izfrKk iwjh djsaxsA

(?k) 'kki ls vf/d fpark egkjkt dks viuh izfrKk VwVus dh FkhA os vius vkidks csVs o iRuh

lfgr cspdj Hkh izfrKk iwjh djuk pkgrs FksA

(Ä) bl ,dkadh ls ;g f'k{kk feyrh gS fd vius n~okjk fn, x, opuksa dks fuHkkus dh izfrKk

dks gj gky esa iwjk djus dh dksf'k'k djuh pkfg,A

(p) ;fn jktk gfj'panz LoIu dh ckr dks lp ugha ekurs] rks ,slk lqudj yksx ;g dg ldrs

Fks fd jktk gfj'panz us viuk opu rksM+ fn;k] D;ksafd os rks LoIu esa fn, opu dks Hkh

lR; ekurs gSaA


(N) ,slk blfy, dgk x;k gS] D;ksafd lp cksyus okys O;fDr osQ eu esa oqQN fNikus dk Hk;

ugha jgrkA og izlUu rFkk ekufld :i ls 'kkar jgrk gSA


2- (d) LoIu ([k) Øks/h (x) czkg~e.k (?k) jktdks"k (Ä) dyad

3- 1- (x) czkg~e.k dks 2- (?k) ;s lHkh 3- (d) ,d ekg

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- (d) izfrKk ([k) Ñi;k (x) LoIu (?k) Øksf/r (Ä) gfj'panz

2- (d) vuknj ([k) ojnku (x) cqjk (?k) Lokeh (Ä) iztk

3- (d) jfo] fnudj ([k) dapu] lksuk (x) lfjrk] rfVuh (?k) lqeu] iq"i

(Ä) ou] dkuu

4- (d) vKkr ([k) lR;oknh (x) n~okjiky (?k) jktflagklu (Ä) nqyZHk

dfBu 'kCnksa dk vH;kl dhft,A


O;fDrRo fu[kkj




45

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1




(d) bl ikB esa egkjkt dk uke D;k gS\

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([k) egkjkt us oSQlk LoIu ns[kk\

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(x) egkjkt ls LoIu esa fdlus vkSj D;k ek¡xk\

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(?k) egkjkt fdl oa'k ls laca/ j[krs Fks\

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(d) fofp=k µ --------------------------- ([k) ek¡xuk µ ---------------------------

(x) vk;k µ --------------------------- (?k) lkjk µ ---------------------------

(Ä) iztk µ --------------------------- (p) vKkr µ ---------------------------


(d) LoIu µ --------------------------- ([k) Lokeh µ ---------------------------

(x) jkT; µ --------------------------- (?k) 'kklu µ ---------------------------

(Ä) vknj µ ---------------------------

46

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) n~okjiky us fdlosQ vkus dh lwpuk nh\

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([k) czkg~e.k oSQlk Fkk vkSj D;k cksy jgk Fkk\

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(x) egkjkt us n~okjiky ls D;k dgk\

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(?k) egkjkt us fdls flagklu dh vksj cSBus dk laosQr fd;k\

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(Ä) fo'okfe=k us Øksf/r gksdj D;k dgk\

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2- ikB esa ls la;qDr O;atu okys ik¡p 'kCn Nk¡fV,µ 1 × 5 = 5

mnkgj.kµjkT;

(d) ------------------------------------------ ([k) ------------------------------------------

(x) ------------------------------------------ (?k) ------------------------------------------

(Ä) ------------------------------------------

3- uhps fy[ks okD;ksa esa lgh dkjd yxkdj okD; fiQj ls fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) eSa vkt ,d fofp=k&lk LoIu ns[kkA (dk @ us)

([k) vki fofp=k LoIu D;k gS\ (us @ dk)

(x) eSa lkjk jktikV mls ns MkykA (dks @ us)

(?k) ml gels jkT; ek¡xkA (us @ dh)

(Ä) cM+s lkSHkkX; ckr gSA (dk @ dh)

47

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- ;fn jktk gfj'panz egf"kZ fo'okfe=k dks nf{k.kk nsus ls euk dj nsrs rks D;k gksrk\ 5

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2- vki fdlh dks opu nsa vkSj ,slh ifjfLFkfr vk tk, fd vki mls iwjk ugha dj ik jgs gSa] rks D;k djsaxs\ 5

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48

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) bl ikB esa egkjkt dk uke gfj'panz gSA

([k) egkjkt us ,d fofp=k&lk LoIu ns[kkA

(x) LoIu esa ,d czkg~e.k us muls jkT; ek¡x fy;kA

(?k) egkjkt lw;Zoa'kh FksA

2- (d) lkekU; ([k) nsuk (x) x;k (?k) FkksM+k

(Ä) jktk (p) Kkr

3- (d) liuk ([k) ekfyd (x) jktikV (?k) lRrk (Ä) eku

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) n~okjiky us ,d czkg~e.k osQ vkus dh lwpuk nhA

([k) czkg~e.k Øks/h Fkk vkSj vi'kCn cksy jgk FkkA

(x) egkjkt us n~okjiky dks vkns'k fn;k fd tks czkg~e.k vk, gSa mUgsa vknj lfgr vanj ys vkvksA

(?k) egkjkt us egf"Zk fo'okfe=k dks flagklu dh vksj cSBus dk laosQr fd;kA

(Ä) fo'okfe=k us Øksf/r gksdj dgk fd vki vHkh rd ;gk¡ D;ksa cSBs gSa\

2- (d) fofp=k ([k) LoIu (x) Lokeh (?k) izdV (Ä) czkg~e.k

3- (d) eSaus vkt ,d fofp=k&lk LoIu ns[kkA

([k) vkidk fofp=k LoIu D;k gS\

(x) eSaus lkjk jktikV mls ns MkykA

(?k) mlus gels jkT; ek¡xkA

(Ä) cM+s lkSHkkX; dh ckr gSA

49

esjk iz;ksx dhft,

lkjka'k

'kgj dh LoPNrk o lqanjrk esa lgk;d dkSu gksrk gS\ th gk¡ owQM+snku! ftldks ns[kdj lHkh ukd&eq¡g

fldksM+ ysrs gSaA ftlosQ vklikl tkuk Hkh vPNk ugha le>rsA ij tjk lksfp, vxj owQM+snku u gks rks

lM+d ij pyuk] vkWfiQl esa] LowQy esa] ?kj esa cSBuk eqf'dy gks tk,A owQM+snku dh otg ls gh ge

'kqn~/ gok esa lk¡l ys ldrs gSaA ;gh gesa laØe.k o chekfj;ksa ls cpkrk gSA le>nkj yksx bldh dnz

djrs gSaA iQy o lfC”k;ksa osQ fNydksa ls [kkn] ;qok cps&[kqps [kkus ls fctyh cuk jgs gSa rFkk cPps

NksVh&NksVh csdkj ph”kksa ls dykRed oLrq,¡ cukrs gSaA iSQ'ku us owQM+snku osQ jax vkSj vkdkj esa Hkh cnyko

dj fn;k gSA owQM+snku lgh dgrk gS fd eSa loZ=k ik;k tkrk gw¡ cfYd esjk loZ=k gksuk cgqr ”k:jh gSA

vr% gj LFkku osQ LoPN gksus esa owQM+snku dh vge Hkwfedk gksrh gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd

(d) yksx vdlj owQM+snku dks ns[kdj eq¡g cuk ysrs gSaA ;k viuh ukd can dj ysrs gSaA

([k) owQM+snku osQ okgu dks 'kkgh lokjh blfy, dgk x;k fd ftl izdkj jktk osQ okgu osQ lkFk dksbZ

lkekU; O;fDr ugha py ldrk] mlh izdkj owQM+s osQ okgu osQ lkFk Hkh dksbZ ugha pyrkA

(x) owQM+snku gesa chekfj;ksa rFkk ePNj o efD[k;ksa tSls nq'euksa osQ vkØe.k ls cpkrk gSA

(?k) owQM+snku dk lkezkT; pk;okys] NksVs&HkBwjs okys] LowQy] vkWfiQl] jsyos LVs'ku] gokbZ vM~Mk xjhc

dh >ksiM+h] jktk dk egy lc txg iSQyk gqvk gSA

fyf[kr

1- (d) ;fn owQM+snku u gksrk rks gekjk lM+d ij pyuk] LowQy esa i<+uk] ?kj esa jguk] ekWy esa

?kweuk vkSj cxhpksa esa [ksyuk eqf'dy gks tkrkA

([k) owQM+snku us vius [ktkus dks vueksy blfy, crk;k gS] D;ksafd owQM+s dks cgqr ls dkeksa

esa iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA blls [kkn cukbZ tkrh gSA cps gq, [kkus dk iz;ksx fctyh osQ

mRiknu esa Hkh fd;k tkus yxk gSA

8

50

(x) iSQ'ku us owQM+snku dk dk;kdYi fd;k gSA vkt iSQ'ku osQ nkSj esa owQM+snku Hkh fofHkUu vkdkjksa o jaxksa esa feyus yxs gSaA

(?k) owQM+k b/j&m/j u isaQosaQ] osQoy owQM+snku esa gh owQM+k MkysaA yksxksa dks Hkh lI+kQkbZ j[kus osQ ykHkksa osQ ckjs esa crk,¡A csdkj ph”kksa dks ubZ ph”ksa cukus esa iz;ksx djsaA

(fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA) (Ä) lans'k mUgsa uksfVl cksMZ ij rFkk d{kkvksa esa yxkdj] lewg xku vFkok y?kq ukfVdk djosQ

fon~;ky; osQ Nk=kksa osQ chp owQM+snku dk lgh iz;ksx djus osQ fy, tkx:drk iSQykbZ tk ldrh gSA

(fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA) 2- (d) ([k) (x) (?k) 3- 1- (x) [kkn 2- (d) owQM+snku 3- ([k) fctyh 4- (x) owQM+snku dk

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- (d) ck;k¡ ([k) v'kqn~/ (x) Åij (?k) iztk (Ä) vlqanj (p) cqn~f/ghu 2- (d) LoPN µ o`{k gekjs okrkoj.k dks 'kqn~/ cukrs gSaA ([k) uI+kQjr µ lHkh O;fDr owQM+snku ls ?k`.kk djrs gSaA (x) geyk µ 'kke gksrs gh ePNjksa dk vkØe.k 'kq: gks tkrk gSA (?k) fo'kky µ rktegy dh bekjr cgqr vkyh'kku gSA (Ä) dherh µ izkÑfrd laink ,d vueksy [k”kkuk gSA 3- (d) nwf"kr ([k) HkkSfrd (x) izokfgr (?k) nSfud (Ä) lEekfur (p) ikjaifjd

4- (d) mldk ([k) esjk (x) rqe] esjk] eq>ls (?k) ;g (Ä) ge



O;fDrRo fu[kkj




51

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1




(d) yksx fdls ns[krs gh viuk eq¡g fcpdk ysrs gSa\

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([k) loZ=k dkSu mifLFkr gS\

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(x) ge dHkh fdlosQ ckjs esa ugha lksprs gSa\

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(?k) owQM+snku osQ ikl D;k gS\

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(d) can µ --------------------------- ([k) esjk µ ---------------------------

(x) pyuk µ --------------------------- (?k) rhoz µ ---------------------------

(Ä) 'kqn~/ µ --------------------------- (p) xjhc µ ---------------------------


(d) eq¡g µ -----------------------------------

([k) b””kr µ -----------------------------------

(x) dne µ -----------------------------------

(?k) xfr µ -----------------------------------

(Ä) vkWfI+kQl µ -----------------------------------

52

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) fjD'kk us fdldk dpwej fudky fn;k\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) osQys dk fNydk fdlus lM+d ij isaQdk\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) uUgs fe;k¡ us vkyh'kku dkj ls D;k ckgj mM+k;k\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) Åij ls FkSyh esa Hkjdj fdlus isaQdk\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) cPpksa us isafly osQ fNyosQ dgk¡ fc[ksj fn,\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- vkius ns[kk fd owQM+snku us crk;k gS fd og dgk¡&dgk¡ feyrk gSA dksbZ ik¡p txg fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ------------------------------------------ ([k) ------------------------------------------

(x) ------------------------------------------ (?k) ------------------------------------------

(Ä) ------------------------------------------

3- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa dks okD;ksa esa iz;ksx dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) lI+kQkbZ µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) owQM+k&djdV µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) Bsysokyk µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) dk;kdYi µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) nwf"kr µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

53

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- owQM+k vkt gekjs fy, eqlhcr cu x;k gSA owQM+s dh xanxh ls dkSu&dkSu lh egkekfj;k¡ iSQyrh gSaA fyf[k,A 5

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2- oqQN lkeku nqckjk iz;ksx dj dke esa yk;k tk ldrk gSA vius oqQN lq>ko fyf[k,A 5

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54

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) yksx vDlj owQM+snku dks ns[kdj viuk eq¡g fldksM+ ysrs gSaA ([k) owQM+snku loZ=k gSA (x) ge dHkh ;g ugha lksprs fd vxj owQM+snku ugha gksrk rks D;k gksrkA (?k) owQM+snku osQ ikl vueksy [ktkuk gSA 2- (d) [kqyk ([k) rsjk (x) #duk (?k) ean (Ä) v'kqn~/ (p) vehj 3- (d) eq[k ([k) lEeku (x) ix (?k) pky (Ä) dk;kZy;

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) fjD'kk us lw[ks HkqV~Vs dk dpwej fudky fn;kA

([k) lM+d ij osQys dk fNydk ykyk th us isaQdkA

(x) uUgs fe;k¡ us fpIl dk [kkyh iSosQV dkj ls ckgj mM+k fn;kA

(?k) vkaVh us Åij ls FkSyh esa Hkjdj owQM+k isaQdkA

(Ä) cPpksa us Vscy osQ uhps isafly osQ fNyosQ fc[ksj fn,A

2- (d) pk;okys osQ ikl

([k) Nksys&HkBwjs okys osQ ikl

(x) LowQy esa

(?k) vkWfI+kQl esa

(Ä) jsyos LVs'ku ij

3- (d) jks”k nk¡rksa dh lI+kQkbZ djuh pkfg,A

([k) b/j&m/j owQM+k&djdV er isaQdksA

(x) Bsysokyk vkok”k yxk jgk FkkA

(?k) jax&jksxu ls njok”kksa dk dk;kdYi gks x;kA

(Ä) vkt lkjh ufn;k¡ nwf"kr gks xbZ gSaA

(fon~;kFkhZ viuh ilan osQ okD; Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

55

osQjy

lkjka'k

bl ikB esa osQjy izns'k osQ crk;k x;k gSA osQjy nf{k.k Hkkjr dk NksVk&lk ,d lqanj izns'k gSA mldh jkt/kuh fr#vuariqje gSA osQjy jkT; 14 ftyksa esa c¡Vk gSA1 uoacj] 1956 dks osQjy jkT; cukA bldh pkSM+kbZ 35 fdúehú ls 120 fdúehú rd gSA osQjy dh izkÑfrd NVk ns[krs gh curh gSA ;gk¡ dk yksdu`R; dFkdyh cgqr izfln~/ gSA ;gk¡ dk izeq[k R;ksgkj vks.ke gSA osQjy osQ vU; ioks± esa ûkSdk nkSM+* dk Hkh viuk fo'ks"k vkd"kZ.k gSA

osQjy dh yxHkx 50 izfr'kr vkcknh [ksrh ij fuHkZj gSA elkyksa osQ mRiknu osQ fy, osQjy dh nwj&nwj rd [;kfr jgh gSA blh dkj.k bls êlkyksa dk izns'k* Hkh dgk tkrk gSAosQjy jkT; f'k{kk osQ {ks=k esa lcls vkxs gSA ;gk¡ lk{kjrk nj lcls vf/d gSA ;gk¡ pkjksa vksj rkM+ osQ yacs&yacs o`{k ns[kus dks feyrs gSaA osQjy dh gfj;kyh rFkk lqanjrk lHkh dk eu eksg ysrh gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd

(d) ey;kye esa rkM+ osQ o`{kksa dks ôsQjk* dgk tkrk gSA bUgha isM+ksa dh vf/drk osQ dkj.k bl izkar

dk uke osQjy iM+kA

([k) osQjy jkT; dh LFkkiuk 1 uoacj] 1956 dks gqbZA

(x) isfj;kj vHk;kj.; gkfFk;ksa osQ lewg osQ fy, izfln~/ gSA

(?k) osQjy dks elkyksa dk izns'k dgk tkrk gSA

fyf[kr

1- (d) osQjy osQ izfln~/ R;ksgkjksa esa ^vks.ke* lcls izeq[k gSA blosQ vykok ;gk¡ ukSdk nkSM+] fo'kq

vkSj iwje R;ksgkj euk, tkrs gSaA

([k) jktk egkcfy viuh iztk ls cgqr I;kj djrs FksA os cgqr nkuh FksA blh dkj.k mudh iztk

muls cgqr I;kj djrh gS vkSj mudh iwtk djrh gSA

(x) elkyksa osQ mRiknu osQ ekeys esa izkphu dky ls gh osQjy dh nwj&nwj rd [;kfr jgh gSA

blh dkj.k osQjy dks elkyksa dk izns'k dgk tkrk gSA

9

56

(?k) f=kpwj osQ oMDoqQe eafnj esa vizSy eghus esa îwje* R;ksgkj euk;k tkrk gS] ftlesa gkfFk;ksa

dks ltkdj 'kksHkk;k=kk,¡ fudkyh tkrh gSaA

(Ä) lHkh jkT;ksa osQ yksx ,d&nwljs osQ R;ksgkjksa dks fey&tqydj euk,¡A ,d&nwljs osQ /eks± dh

vPNh ckrksa dks viuk,¡A /eZ] Hkk"kk] tkfr] {ks=k vkfn osQ uke ij ,d&nwljs ls HksnHkko u

djsaA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSa)

(p) vf/d ls vf/d fon~;ky; cuokdj] vf/d f'k{kdksa dks miyC/ djokdj rFkk xjhcksa

dks dkWih&fdrkcsa fnyokdj vkfn dk;Z dj lHkh dks f'k{kk iznku dh tk ldrh gSA

2- (d) (iii) ([k) (v) (x) (i) (?k) (ii) (Ä) (iv)

3- 1- ([k) ukfj;y osQ 2- (d) 585 fdyksehVj 3- (x) Ñf"k ij 4- rkM+ osQ isM+ dks

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- (d) i~Q $ v $ j~ $ v $ l~ $ vk

([k) o~Q $ , $ y~ $ vk

(x) vk $ c~ $ vk $ n~ $ bZ

(?k) o~Q $ v $ Fk~ $ vk

(Ä) o~ $ vk $ e~ $ v $ u~ $ v

2- (d) izeq[k ([k) izgkj (x) izcy (?k) izÑfr (Ä) izdkj (p) izxfr

3- (d) dFkk,¡ ([k) eghus (x) >hysa (?k) ek=kk,¡ (Ä) ewfrZ;k¡

4- (d) xt] gLrh ([k) ukSdk] uko (x) lfjrk] rfVuh (?k) /jk] egh



O;fDrRo fu[kkj




57

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1




(d) ;g ikB fdl :i esa fy[kk x;k gS\

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([k) osQjy osQ ckjs esa fdl ekè;e ls fdldks lans'k Hkstk x;k gS\

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(x) nf{k.k Hkkjrh; jkT;ksa esa osQjy dks oSQlk izns'k crk;k x;k gS\

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(?k) fdu rhu Hkkxksa dks feykdj osQjy cuk;k x;k\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ foykse 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 6 = 6

(d) cgqr µ --------------------------- ([k) nf{k.k µ ---------------------------

(x) f'kf{kr µ --------------------------- (?k) iSQyk µ ---------------------------

(Ä) nwj µ --------------------------- (p) ugha µ ---------------------------


(d) Hkkjr µ --------------------------- ([k) ioZr µ ---------------------------

(x) vuwBk µ --------------------------- (?k) ty µ ---------------------------

(Ä) u`R; µ ---------------------------

58

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2



1- uhps fn, x, xn~;ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) osQjy dh fdruh vkcknh [ksrh ij fuHkZj djrh gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) osQjy esa fdu ph”kksa dh [ksrh vf/d gksrh gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) osQjy dh eq[; iQly dkSu&lh gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) osQjy dh [;kfr fdlfy, nwj&nwj rd iSQyh gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) osQjy dks fdldk izns'k dgk tkrk gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- fn, x, o.kZ&foPNsn ls 'kCn cukb,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) o~Q $ , $ y~ $ vk µ ---------------------

([k) c~ $ va $ n~ $ v $ j~ $ v µ ---------------------

(x) e~ $ v $ l~ $ vk $ y~ $ , µ ---------------------

(?k) o~ $ b $ "k~ $ .k~ $ m µ ---------------------

(Ä) u~ $ ½ $ r~ $ ;~ $ v µ ---------------------

3- fn, x, 'kCnksa ls milxZ vyx dhft,_ tSlsµizeq[k ¾ iz $ eq[k 1 × 5 = 5

(d) izcy µ --------------------------- ([k) izdkj µ ---------------------------

(x) izgkj µ --------------------------- (?k) izÑfr µ ---------------------------

(Ä) izxfr µ ---------------------------

59

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- vki osQjy dh ;k=kk ij tk,¡xs rks vki ogk¡ D;k&D;k djsaxs\ 5

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2- vkidks fon~;ky; esa fdlh jkT; osQ izfln~/ R;ksgkj dh rS;kfj;k¡ djokuh gSaA vki oSQls djsaxs\ fyf[k,A 5

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60

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) ;g ikB i=k osQ :i esa fy[kk x;k gSA

([k) osQjy osQ ckjs esa ;g i=k v#.kk us viuh lgsyh urkyh dks fy[kk gSA

(x) nf{k.k Hkkjrh; jkT;ksa esa osQjy dks ,d lqanj izns'k crk;k x;k gSA

(?k) =kko.kdksj] dksphu vkSj ekykckj izns'kksa dks feykdj osQjy izns'k cuk;k x;k gSA

2- (d) de ([k) mRrj (x) vf'kf{kr (?k) ladjk

(Ä) ikl (p) gk¡

3- (d) ¯gnqLrku ([k) fxfj (x) vuks[kk (?k) uhj (Ä) ukp

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) osQjy dh 50 izfr'kr vkcknh [ksrh ij fuHkZj djrh gSA

([k) osQjy esa ukfj;y] jcj vkSj dkyh fepZ dh [ksrh vf/d gksrh gSA

(x) pkoy osQjy dh eq[; iQly gSA

(?k) elkyksa osQ mRiknu dh otg ls osQjy dh [;kfr nwj&nwj rd iSQyh gSA

(Ä) osQjy dks elkyksa dk izns'k dgk tkrk gSA

2- (d) osQyk ([k) canj (x) elkys (?k) fo".kq (Ä) u`R;

3- (d) iz $ cy ([k) iz $ dkj (x) iz $ gkj (?k) iz $ Ñfr (Ä) iz $ xfr

61

ugha O;FkZ cgkvks ikuh

lkjka'k

bl dfork esa dfo us ty dh egRrk ij izdk'k Mkyk gSA ty gh thou gSA vxj /jk ij ty ugha

gksxk rks thou Hkh lekIr gks tk,xkA /jrh catj gks tk,xhA vr% gesa ty dks O;FkZ ugha djuk pkfg,A

ty dh izR;sd cw¡n thou nsrh gSA ty izÑfr dk ojnku gSA blls gh /jrh ij gfj;kyh ykbZ tk ldrh

gSA isM+&ikS/s mxkdj /jrh dks gjk&Hkjk cuk ldrs gSaA ty dk lap; djuk pkfg,A rHkh ge ty dh

deh osQ ladV ls Hkh fucV ldrs gSaA ty gekjs thou dk vueksy jRu gSA vr% ty dks O;FkZ u dj

bldk laj{k.k ije vko';d gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd

(d) ikuh dk iz;ksx ugkus] diM+s /ksus] ihus rFkk vusd nSfud dk;ks± esa fd;k tkrk gSA

([k) o"kkZ] unh] oqQ,¡] rkykc rFkk >juksa ls gesa ikuh izkIr gksrk gSA

(x) o"kkZ ½rq esa gesa ”;knk ikuh izkIr gksrk gSA

(?k) ikuh dks cpkdj j[kus osQ fy, gesa cjlkr osQ ikuh dks bdV~Bk djus osQ fy, VSad rFkk ck¡/

cukus pkfg,A nSfud dk;ks± esa Hkh ikuh dk iz;ksx lksp&le>dj djuk pkfg,A

fyf[kr

1- (d) ukuh gesa ikuh cpkus osQ fy, dgrh gS] D;ksafd ;fn /jrh ls ikuh [kRe gks x;k rks thuk

eqf'dy gks tk,xkA

([k) thfor jgus osQ fy, ikuh vfr vko';d gSA gesa yxHkx lHkh dk;ks± osQ fy, ikuh dh

vko';drk gksrh gS blhfy, ikuh dks vueksy jRu dgk x;k gSA

10

62

(x) tgk¡ /jrh gjh&Hkjh gksrh gS] midkjh ckny ogha vkrs gSa vkSj [kwc xjt rFkk ped osQ

lkFk Hkkjh o"kkZ djrs gSaA

(?k) dfo us laiw.kZ /jrh dks gjk&Hkjk j[kus dh ckr dh gS] D;ksafd o`{kksa dh vf/drk osQ

dkj.k o"kkZ vf/d ek=kk esa gksrh gSA ftlosQ dkj.k gesa ikuh feyrk gSA

(Ä) unh] rkykc vkfn esa fdlh Hkh izdkj dk owQM+k&dpjk ugha Mkyus] oqQvksa dks <+ddj j[kus]

lkI+kQ gkFkksa ls gh ikuh Hkjus tSlh ckrsa crkdj ihus osQ ikuh dks LoPN j[kus osQ fy, yksxksa

dks tkx:d fd;k tk ldrk gSA


(p) ugkus&/ksus] lI+kQkbZ vkfn osQ fy, de ikuh [kpZ djsa] xkfM+;k¡ oqQN fnu NksM+dj /ks,¡] gkFk

/ksrs le; ikuh yxkrkj u cgus nsaA nkysa&lfC”k;k¡ crZuksa esa FkksM+k ikuh Mkydj /ks,¡A ikuh

osQ ikbZi VwVs gks rks rqjar tqM+ok,¡A


2- ugha mxsxk nkuk&nqudk

tk,¡xs [ksr ohjku]

mitkÅ tks yxrh /jrh

cu tk,xh jsfxLrkuA

3- 1- ([k) ukuh 2- ([k) ikuh u gksus ls 3- (d) jsfxLrku 4- (x) ”;knk o`{k

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- tky rky tu eu ekWy gkWy gjk Hkjk

lj ij d<+kbZ i<+kbZ Hkkjh ukjh nknh [kknh

2- gjh&Hkjh µ cPps gjh&Hkjh ?kkl esa [ksy jgs gSaA

,d&,d µ ikuh dh ,d&,d cw¡n vueksy gSA

nkuk&nqudk µ eSa jks”k dcwrjksa dks nkuk&nqudk f[kykrk gw¡A

gjk&Hkjk µ esjs ?kj osQ ikl ,d gjk&Hkjk eSnku gSA

63

3- (d) ,d vusd

([k) /jrh vkdk'k

(x) gydk Hkkjh

(?k) thou e`R;q

(Ä) midkjh vidkjh

4- (d) c;kj ([k) ok;q (x) xxu (?k) nhi (Ä) nqfo/k

5- (d) gesa lnk lp cksyuk pkfg,A

([k) tgk¡ pkg ogk¡ jkgA

(x) nwljksa ij midkj djus ls iq.; feyrk gSA

(?k) ikuh dh gj ,d cw¡n dherh gSA



O;fDrRo fu[kkj




64

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1




(d) gesa D;k O;FkZ ugha cgkuk pkfg,\

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([k) ikuh u cgkus dh ckr fdlus le>kbZ\

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(x) gekjh ¯”knxkuh oSQls feV ldrh gS\

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(?k) [ksr ohjku oSQls gks tk,¡xs\

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(Ä) dfo us cknyksa dks D;k dgk gS\

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(d) lekIr µ --------------------- ([k) vkrs µ ---------------------

(x) Hkkjh µ --------------------- (?k) Hkjk µ ---------------------

(Ä) ,d µ ---------------------


(d) ty µ --------------------------- ([k) tx µ ---------------------------

(x) ¯”knxkuh µ --------------------------- (?k) /jrh µ ---------------------------

(Ä) o`{k µ ---------------------------

65

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) ckny dgk¡ vkrs gSa\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) cknyksa dks oSQlk crk;k x;k gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) Hkkjh ckfj'k djus ls igys ckny D;k djrs gSa\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) bl tx dks gesa oSQlk j[kuk pkfg,\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) dfo us ikuh dks D;k crk;k gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- îkuh* 'kCn dk ik¡p vyx&vyx okD;ksa esa iz;ksx dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3- dfork esa ls dksbZ ik¡p bZdkjkar 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fy[kks_ tSlsµukuhµ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) --------------------- ([k) ---------------------

(x) --------------------- (?k) ---------------------

(Ä) ---------------------

66

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- ;fn ikuh vius ladV osQ ckjs esa ekuo :i esa vkdj ckr djsa] rks vki D;k ckrsa djsaxs\ fyf[k,A 5

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2- ihus osQ ikuh dh ns[k&js[k osQ oqQN mik; vki tkurs gSaA ikuh dh ns[k&js[k osQ fy, oqQN u, lq>ko lksfp, vkSj fyf[k,A 5

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67

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) gesa ikuh O;FkZ ugha cgkuk pkfg,A

([k) ukuh us ikuh O;FkZ u cgkus dh ckr le>kbZA

(x) ikuh u gksus ij gekjh ¯”knxkuh fey ldrh gSA

(?k) ikuh osQ fcuk vukt u mxus ls [ksr ohjku gks tk,¡xsA

(Ä) cknyksa dks midkjh dgk x;k gSA

2- (d) vkjaHk ([k) tkrs (x) gydk (?k) [kkyh (Ä) vusd

3- (d) uhj ([k) lalkj (x) thou (?k) olq/k (Ä) r#

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) ckny ogk¡ vkrs gSa] tgk¡ /jrh gjh&Hkjh gksrh gSA

([k) cknyksa dks midkjh crk;k x;k gSA

(x) ckfj'k djus ls igys ckny [kwc xjtrs gSa vkSj [kwc pedrs gSaA

(?k) gesa bl tx (lalkj) dks gjk&Hkjk j[kuk pkfg,A

(Ä) ikuh dks vueksy jRu crk;k x;k gSA

2- (d) ufn;ksa dk ikuh LoPN j[kuk gekjk drZO; gSA

([k) cjlkr dk ikuh bdV~Bk djus ls ikuh dh deh nwj gks ldrh gSA

(x) cPpksa dks ikuh ls [ksyuk vPNk yxrk gSA

(?k) ikuh gS rks thou gSA

(Ä) ftl crZu esa Mkyks] ikuh mlh cjru dk vkdkj ys ysrk gSA

3- (d) midkjh ([k) /jrh (x) ¯”knxkuh (?k) Hkkjh (Ä) gjh&HkjhA

68

iwoksZRrj Hkkjr dk xkSjoµeSjh dkWe

lkjka'k

[ksy dh nqfu;k dk ,d ,slk uke tks fdlh ifjp; dk eksgrkt ughaµeSjh dkWeA bl ikB osQ ekè;e ls ;g crk;k x;k gS fd izfrHkk dk laca/ xjhch&vehjh ls ugha gksrk gSA vxj gkSlys cqyan gks rks dksbZ Hkh #dkoV eafty ikus ls ugha jksd ldrh gSA eSjh dkWe ,d lk/kj.k ifjokj ls gksus osQ ckn Hkh viuh eafty dks ikus esa liQy jghaA eSjh dkWe us viuh esgur vkSj yxu ls jk"Vªh; gh ugha varjkZ"Vªh; [ksyksa esa Hkh ns'k osQ fy, Lo.kZ ind thrsA os igyh fo'o eqDosQckt gSa] ftUgksaus lHkh 6 fo'o izfr;ksfxrkvksa esa ind thrs gSaA eSjh dkWe dk iwjk uke eSaxrs paXusbtSax eSjh dkWe gSA mUgsa cpiu ls gh [ksy&owQn dk 'kkSd FkkA vius izns'k osQ eqDosQckt fMaXdks flag dh liQyrk us mUgsa eqDosQckt cuus osQ fy, izksRlkfgr fd;kA mUgksaus ef.kiqj jkT; osQ ckWfDalx dksp ujthr flag dh ns[kjs[k esa Vsªfuax yhA 'kknh osQ ckn Hkh viuh izSfDVl tkjh j[krs gq, ,f'k;u eqDosQckth esa ,d jtr vkSj ik¡p Lo.kZ ind thrsA in~eJh vkSj jktho xka/h [ksy jRu iqjLdkj ls lEekfur djus osQ lkFk Hkkjr ljdkj us mUgsa jkT;lHkk dk lnL; cukdj Hkh lEekfur fd;kA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd

(d) eSjh dkWe fdlh ifjp; dh eksgrkt ugha gSA

([k) izfrHkk dk laca/ vehjh&xjhch ls ugha gksrk gSA

(x) eSjh dkWe dks cpiu ls gh [ksy&owQn dk 'kkSd FkkA

(?k) 2012 osQ yanu vksyafiDl esa eSjh dkWe us dkaL; ind thrkA

(Ä) eSjh dkWe ef.kiqj jkT; dh jgus okyh gSaA

fyf[kr

1- (d) viuh yxu vkSj esgur ls eSjh dkWe us ;g fln~/ dj fn;k fd izfrHkk dk vehjh vkSj

xjhch ls dksbZ laca/ ugha gSA mUgksaus viuh izfrHkk] yxu rFkk esgur osQ cy ij eqDosQckth

esa fo'o Lrj ij liQyrk ikbZA

11

69

([k) eSjh dkWe dk iwjk uke eSaxrs paXusbtSax eSjh dkWe gSA mUgksaus viuh f'k{kk d{kk&6 rd

yksdVd fØf'p;u ekWMy LowQy ls] d{kk 8 rd lsaV tsfo;j ls rFkk d{kk 9 vkSj 10

dh f'k{kk vkfnetkfr gkbZLowQy ls iwjh dhA

(x) eSjh dkWe us ,f'k;kbZ [ksyksa esa nks jtr vkSj ,d Lo.kZ ind thrkA ,f'k;u efgyk eqDosQckth

esa ,d jtr vkSj ik¡p Lo.kZ ind thrsA blosQ vykok eSjh dkWe us baMksj ,f'k;u [ksyksa

esa Hkh Lo.kZ ind thrsA

(?k) eqDosQckth esa ns'k dk xkSjo c<+kus osQ fy, Hkkjr ljdkj us bUgsa vtqZu iqjLdkj] jktho

xka/h [ksy jRu iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k rFkk jkT;lHkk lkaln Hkh cuk;kA

(Ä) yM+dksa dh rjg yM+fd;k¡ Hkh f'k{kk] [ksy] foKku] lsuk vkfn lHkh {ks=kksa esa liQyrk izkIr

dj jgh gSaA dYiuk pkoyk] eSjh dkWe] lk;uk usgoky] lhrk lkgw] vk'kk jkW;] oqaQtkjkuh

nsoh vkfn vusd efgyk,¡ gSa] ftUgksaus vusd dfBukb;ksa osQ ckn Hkh vyx&vyx {ks=kksa esa

liQyrk izkIr dj ns'k dk uke jks'ku fd;kA


(p) lHkh yM+fd;k¡ viuh f'k{kk iwjh dj losaQ] blosQ fy, yM+fd;ksa osQ fy, vf/d ls vf/d

fon~;ky; [kqyok, tk,¡A mUgsa f'k{kk laca/h lHkh lqfo/k,¡ iznku dh tkuh pkfg,A ?kj osQ

dke djokus dh txg mUgsa i<+kbZ osQ fy, vf/d le; fn;k tk,A


2- (d) xjhc ([k) laca/ (x) 2001 (?k) 2012 (Ä) jkT;lHkk

3- 1- (x) vehjh&xjhch ls

2- (x) ef.kiqj osQ

3- (d) Lo.kZ ind

4- (d) jktho xka/h [ksy jRu iqjLdkj

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- (d) dfBu ifjJe djus ls gh liQyrk feyrh gSA

([k) gesa xjhc yksxksa dh lgk;rk djuh pkfg,A

(x) esjs ikik us ,d u;k eksckby [kjhnk gSA

(?k) vius tUefnu ij de ls de ,d isM+ yxkuk pkfg,A

(fon~;kFkhZ viuh ilan osQ okD; Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA)

70

2- mudks] muosQ] mUgsa] mUgksaus] viuhA

3- (d) oru] eqYd (?k) lalkj] l`f"V

([k) L=kh] ukjh (Ä) Ñ"kd] [ksfrgj

(x) dkS'ky] ;ksX;rk

4- efgyk µ iq#"k ekrk µ firk

ukf;dk µ uk;d iRuh µ ifr

xq.korh µ xq.koku Nk=kk µ Nk=k



O;fDrRo fu[kkj




71

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1




(d) eSjh dkWe dk laca/ fdl [ksy ls gS\

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) eSjh dkWe Hkkjr osQ fdl jkT; dh jgus okyh gSa\

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) eSjh dkWe dk iwjk uke D;k gS\

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) bUgksaus fo'o eqDosQck”kh izfr;ksfxrk fdruh ckj thrh gS\

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) eSjh dkWe dk tUe dc gqvk Fkk\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ nks&nks i;kZ;okph 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) Lo.kZ µ ------------------- ------------------- ([k) bPNk µ ------------------- -------------------

(x) efgyk µ ------------------- ------------------- (?k) dne µ ------------------- -------------------

(Ä) fdlku µ ------------------- -------------------


(d) vehj µ --------------------------- ([k) viuh µ ---------------------------

(x) fot; µ --------------------------- (?k) vanj µ ---------------------------

(Ä) igyh µ ---------------------------

72

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) fdl iSQlys osQ ckn eSjh dkWe us ihNs eqM+dj ugha ns[kkA

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) fdl izfr;ksfxrk esa eSjh dkWe us ,d jtr vkSj ik¡p Lo.kZ ind thrs\

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(x) 2012 osQ yanu vksyafid esa eSjh dkWe us D;k thrk\

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(?k) dkSu&ls baMksj [ksyksa esa eSjh dkWe us Lo.kZ ind thrk\

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(Ä) dksbZ nks vaxzs”kh 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,A

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ opu cnfy,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) efgyk µ --------------------------- ([k) izfrHkk µ ---------------------------

(x) bPNk µ --------------------------- (?k) izfr;ksfxrk µ ---------------------------

(Ä) liQyrk µ ---------------------------

3- ikB esa ls ik¡p laKk 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) --------------------------------------------------- ([k) ---------------------------------------------------

(x) --------------------------------------------------- (?k) ---------------------------------------------------

(Ä) ---------------------------------------------------

73

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- viuh ilan osQ [ksyksa osQ ckjs esa ik¡p okD; fyf[k,A 5

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2- ;fn vkidks eSjh dkWe ls feyus dk volj izkIr gks rks vki dkSu&ls ik¡p loky iwNuk pkgsaxs\ fyf[k,A 5

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74

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) eSjh dkWe dk laca/ efgyk ckWfDlax ls gSA

([k) eSjh dkWe Hkkjr osQ ef.kiqj jkT; dh jgus okyh gSaA

(x) budk iwjk uke eSaxrs paXusbtSax eSjh dkWe gSA

(?k) bUgksaus fo'o eqDosQck”kh izfr;ksfxrk ik¡p ckj thrh gSA

(Ä) eSjh dkWe dk tUe 1 ekpZ 1983 dks gqvk FkkA

2- (d) lksuk] dapu ([k) dkeuk] vfHkyk"kk

(x) ukjh] L=kh (?k) ix] Mx

(Ä) Ñ"kd] gy/j

3- (d) xjhc ([k) ijk;h

(x) ijkt; (?k) ckgj

(Ä) vkf[kjh

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) ckWfDlax djus dk iSQlyk ysus osQ ckn eSjh dkWe us ihNs eqM+dj ugha ns[kkA

([k) eSjh dkWe us ,f'k;u efgyk eqDosQckth izfr;ksfxrk esa ,d jtr vkSj ik¡p Lo.kZ ind thrsA

(x) eSjh dkWe us 2012 osQ yanu vksyafid esa dkaL; ind thrkA

(?k) baMksj ,f'k;u [ksyksa esa eSjh dkWe us Lo.kZ ind thrkA

(Ä) ckWfDlax] ,f'k;uA

2- (d) efgyk,¡ ([k) izfrHkk,¡ (x) bPNk,¡ (?k) izfr;ksfxrk,¡ (Ä) liQyrk,¡

3- (d) ifjJe] efgyk] fMaXdks flag] Hkkjr] dkWyst

75

ikB'kkyk

lkjka'k

;g ikB Lokeh foosdkuan osQ thou dh ,d lR; ?kVuk ij vk/kfjr gSA ;g ikB gesa ;g lh[k nsrk gS fd lR; osQ ekxZ ij pyus okyksa dks dfBukb;ksa dk lkeuk rks djuk iM+rk gS] ij var esa fot; Hkh vo'; izkIr gksrh gSAbl ikB esa crk;k x;k gS fd ujsanz uke osQ ckyd ls Hkwxksy fo"k; osQ os.kqxksiky uked vè;kid us d{kk esa iz'u iwNk fd la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk dh jkt/kuh dkSu&lh gS\ ckyd us lgh mRrj fn;k] ij vè;kid dks lgh mRrj u irk gksus osQ dkj.k mUgksaus ckyd dks l”kk nhA ijarq ckyd ujsanz viuh ckr ij vfMx jgkA ;g ns[kdj vè;kid dks gSjkuh gqbZA mUgksaus iqLrd [kksydj ns[kk] rks mUgsa lgh mRrj Kkr gqvkA mUgksaus ujsanz dh iz'kalk dh rFkk mls ges'kk lPpkbZ osQ ekxZ ij pyus dh lh[k nhA;gh ckyd vkxs pydj Lokeh foosdkuan osQ uke ls izfln~/ gqvkA Lokeh foosdkuan us Hkkjr esa gh ugha fons'kksa esa Hkh /eZ osQ lgh :i dk izpkj fd;kA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd (d) laxhr osQ ekLVj th us cPpksa dks vkt cM+h djkjh Mk¡V ekjh FkhA ([k) yM+osQ dkWfi;k¡ ykus dh ckr ij iqQliqQlkus yxsA (x) x.ks'k dh xk; us cNM+k fn;k FkkA (?k) os.kqxksiky th Hkwxksy i<+krs FksA

fyf[kr 1- (d) os.kqxksiky th Hkwxksy i<+krs FksA os mxz LoHkko okys vè;kid FksA iyVdj dksbZ mUgsa tokc

ns] ;g mUgsa fcyoqQy Hkh ilan ugha FkkA ([k) ujsanz us Mk¡V [kkus osQ ckn Hkh viuk mRrj ugha cnyk] D;ksafd mls vius&vki ij Hkjkslk

FkkA blh n`<+rk osQ dkj.k os.kqxksiky th dh Hkwy esa lq/kj gqvkA (x) cM+s gksdj ujsanzukFk nRr Lokeh foosdkuan osQ uke ls fo[;kr gq,] D;ksafd mUgsa lR; ij

vVy fo'okl FkkA blh roZQ'kfDr osQ cy ij mUgksaus lalkj esa uke dek;kA

12

76

(?k) cPpksa dks vuq'kklu esa j[kus osQ fy, vè;kid vusd ckj cPpksa dks l”kk nsrs Fks] ijarq vc vè;kid cPpksa dks 'kkjhfjd naM ugha ns ldrsA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd vusd vè;kid i{kikr djrs gSa rFkk cPpksa dks fcuk dkj.k l”kk nsrs gSaA

(fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA) (Ä) Lokeh foosdkuan th osQ thou ls ge lPpkbZ] fuMjrk] n`<+ ladYi] lkgl] roZQ'kfDr]

ns'kHkfDr vkfn xq.kksa dh f'k{kk ys ldrs gSaA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA) 2- (d) 12 tuojh] 1863 ([k) jkeÑ".k ijegal (x) /eZ osQ lgh Lo:i (?k) izpkj (Ä) vVy

3- 1- (x) mxz 2- ([k) x.ks'k dh 3- (x) VksjaVks 4- (d) ns'k osQ

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- (d) orZeku dky ([k) Hkfo";r~ dky (x) Hkwrdky (?k) Hkwrdky (Ä) Hkfo";r~ dky 2- (d) mxz (iv) 'kkar ([k) xyr (i) lgh (x) tUe (ii) e`R;q (?k) ljy (v) dfBu (Ä) xq# (iii) f'k"; 3- (d) es”ksa ([k) NfM+;k¡ (x) yM+osQ (?k) iqLrosaQ (Ä) d{kk,¡ (p) vkok”ksa 4- (d) vkSj ([k) vksj (x) vkSj (?k) vksj

5- (d) vkx ([k) vkx (x) vkx



O;fDrRo fu[kkj




77

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1




(d) fdlus djkjh Mk¡V yxkbZ Fkh\

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([k) os.kqxksiky th dkSu&lk fo"k; i<+krs Fks\

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(x) fdlosQ vkrs gh dgk¡ gypy 'kq: gks xbZ\

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(?k) fo'kq us fdlls D;k iwNk\

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(Ä) 'kke dks fdls unh osQ fdukjs [ksyus tkuk Fkk\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ foijhrkFkhZ 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) vkt µ --------------------------- ([k) l”kk µ ---------------------------

(x) xyr µ --------------------------- (?k) ewd µ ---------------------------

(Ä) lR; µ ---------------------------


(d) vè;kid µ --------------------------- ([k) lI+ksQn µ ---------------------------

(x) vijk/ µ --------------------------- (?k) unh µ ---------------------------

(Ä) fdukjk µ ---------------------------

78

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) euq"; dks rkdr dkSu nsrk gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) yM+dks osQ fy, dkSu&ls fo'ks"k.kksa dk iz;ksx fd;k gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) os.kqxksiky th us oqQjlh ij cSBdj D;k fd;k\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) Hkwy fdldh Fkh\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) os.kqxksiky th dks fdl ckr ij [kq'kh gqbZ\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ls okD; cukb,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) vkjke µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) 'kfDr µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) è;ku µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) iqLrd µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) LoHkko µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3- fuEufyf[kr dh orZuh 'kqn~/ dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) cnerht µ --------------------- ([k) mVyuk µ ---------------------

(x) vf/;kid µ --------------------- (?k) [kqf'k µ ---------------------

(Ä) vkxcwcyk µ ---------------------

79

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- ;fn vkiosQ vè;kid Hkh fdlh xyr mRrj ij vM+ tk,¡] rks vki D;k djsaxs\ 5

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2- vkidh ikB'kkyk oSQlh gksuh pkfg,\ fyf[k,A 5

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80

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) laxhr osQ ekLVj th us djkjh Mk¡V yxkbZ FkhA

([k) os.kqxksiky th Hkwxksy fo"k; i<+krs FksA

(x) os.kqxksiky th osQ d{kk esa vkrs gh gypy 'kq: gks xbZA

(?k) fo'kq us x.ks'k ls xk; osQ cNM+s osQ ckjs esa iwNkA

(Ä) 'kke dks fo'kq vkSj x.ks'k dks unh fdukjs [ksyus tkuk FkkA

2- (d) dy ([k) buke (x) lgh (?k) okpky (Ä) vlR;

3- (d) f'k{kd ([k) 'osr (x) nks"k (?k) lfjrk (Ä) rV

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) lR; euq"; dks rkdr nsrk gSA

([k) 'kjkjrh vkSj cnreh”kA

(x) os.kqxksiky th oqQjlh ij cSBdj Hkwxksy dh iqLrd osQ iUus myVus yxsA

(?k) Hkwy os.kqxksiky th dh gh FkhA

(Ä) mUgsa [kq'kh Fkh fd ujsanz us lR; dk lkFk ugha NksM+kA

2- (d) Fkd x, gksaxs] vkjke dj yksA

([k) Hkkjrh; lsuk dh 'kfDr osQ vkxs 'k=kq ugha fVd losQA

(x) lHkh cPps è;ku ls lqu jgs FksA

(?k) iqLrd esys ls eSaus vusd iqLrosaQ [kjhnhaA

(Ä) vPNs LoHkko okys O;fDr dks lHkh I;kj djrs gSaA

(fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a Hkh u, okD; cuk ldrs gSaA)

3- (d) cnreh”k ([k) myVuk (x) vè;kid (?k) [kq'kh (Ä) vkxccwyk

81

buls lh[kks

lkjka'k

bl dfork esa dfo us izÑfr osQ ckjs esa n'kkZ;k gS fd izÑfr gesa fdl&fdl rjg ls lh[k nsrh gSA iwQy gesa g¡luk fl[kkrs gSaA Mkyh gesa fouezrk fl[kkrh gSA nw/ o ikuh vkil esa feydj gesa izse ls jguk fl[kkrs gSaA yrk o isM+ I;kj ls jguk] rks esagnh gesa nwljksa dks vius O;ogkj ls [kq'k djuk fl[kkrh gSA nhid osQ leku gesa lnk izdk'k iSQykuk pkfg,A i`Foh osQ leku lnk lHkh dh lsok djuh pkfg,A

bl izdkj gesa izÑfr ls cgqr oqQN lh[k feyrh gSA bu lh[kksa dk ikyu djosQ ge ,d vPNs balku cu ldrs gSaA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd

(d) iwQy gesa g¡luk fl[kkrs gSaA

([k) gok osQ >ksaosQ dksey Hkko cgkrs gSaA

(x) nhid dk dke gS ^v¡/sjk gjuk*A

(?k) ty/kjk gesa thou iFk esa vkxs c<+us dk lans'k nsrh gSA

fyf[kr

1- (d) >qdh Mkfy;ksa ls gesa lans'k feyrk gS fd gjh&Hkjh iQyksa ls ynh isM+ dh Mkfy;ksa dh rjg

gesa Hkh uez gksuk pkfg,A gesa vius thou esa foosd'khy ,oa mnkj gksuk pkfg,A

([k) i`Foh lHkh izkf.k;ksa dh lPph lsok djrh gSA fcuk oqQN fy, gesa thou osQ fy, vko';d

izR;sd oLrq iznku djrh gSA bu lcosQ cnys gels oqQN Hkh ugha ek¡xrhA

(x) tks O;fDr vius thou esa lR; dk vkpj.k djrs gSa] mUgsa lRiq#"k dgrs gSaA buls gesa

vius thou pfj=k dks l¡okjus vkSj ,d vPNk O;fDr cuus dh f'k{kk feyrh gSA

(?k) mRre fon~;k gesa vius xq#vksa] lPps fe=kksa ,oa vius ifjokj osQ laLdkjksa n~okjk izkIr gksrh

gSaA vuqHko osQ n~okjk Hkh gesa mRre fon~;k izkIr gksrh gSA

13

82

(Ä) bl dfork n~okjk iwQyksa ls g¡luk] Hk¡ojksa ls vius thou esa xquxqukrs jguk] gok ls dksey

Hkko cgkuk] nw/&ikuh ls lekurk dk O;ogkj djuk] isM+ksa ls fouezrk] esagnh ls jax p<+kuk]

nhid ls v¡/sjk gjuk] i`Foh ls lPph lsok djuk] ty/kjk ls vkxs c<+uk o lRiq#"kksa ls

mRre fon~;k ikus dh f'k{kk feyrh gSA

2- (d) flj µ ns'kHkDr viuh ekr`Hkwfr ij g¡lrs&g¡lrs 'kh'k p<+k nsrs gSaA

([k) eu µ eSaus vius fe=k dks ân; ls {kek dj fn;kA

(x) jkg µ dfBukb;ksa dks ikj djrs gq, gesa thou iFk ij vkxs c<+uk pkfg,A

3- 1- ([k) nw/ vkSj ikuh ls 2- (?k) ;s lHkh 3- (?k) v¡/sjk gjus dk izrhd

4- ([k) pyrs jgus dk

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- g¡luk] pk¡n] ek¡] Nk¡o] ik¡o] ck;k¡] Å¡V] v¡xwBh

2- (d) iwQy (iii) dk¡Vk

([k) g¡luk (v) jksuk

(x) dksey (i) dBksj

(?k) v¡/sjk (vi) mtkyk

(Ä) thou (ii) ej.k

(p) txuk (iv) lksuk

3- (d) lw;Z] jfo ([k) ty] uhj (x) nhi] nh;k (?k) ?ku] ckny

4- (d) xkus ([k) Mkfy;k¡ (x) yrk,¡ (?k) fdj.ksa (Ä) cw¡nsa (p) HkkSajs



O;fDrRo fu[kkj




83

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1




(d) gesa g¡luk dkSu fl[kkrk gS\

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([k) ge xkuk fduls lh[k ldrs gSa\

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(x) gesa 'kh'k >qdkus dh izsj.kk dgk¡ ls feyrh gS\

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(?k) gok osQ >ksaosQ D;k djrs gSa\

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(Ä) feyuk vkSj feykuk fduls lh[kk tk ldrk gS\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ fy, fo'ks"k.k 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) --------------------------- fon~;k ([k) --------------------------- Hkko (x) --------------------------- Mkyh (?k) --------------------------- lsok (Ä) --------------------------- pfj=k

3- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa dks igpkudj muosQ fyax fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) iwQy µ --------------------------- ([k) Mkyh µ ---------------------------

(x) >ksadk µ --------------------------- (?k) esagnh µ ---------------------------

(Ä) cw¡n µ ---------------------------

84

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) jax p<+kus osQ fy, fdls ihlk tkrk gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) v¡/sjk gjus dk dke dkSu djrk gSA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) izkf.k;ksa dh lPph lsok dkSu djrk gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) dkSu ges'kk Å¡ps ij gh p<+rk gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) ty/kjk D;k lans'k nsrh gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- dfork esa ls dksbZ ik¡p 'kCn vkdkjkar okys Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ------------------------------------------ ([k) ------------------------------------------

(x) ------------------------------------------ (?k) ------------------------------------------

(Ä) ------------------------------------------

3- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa dk okD;ksa esa iz;ksx dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) v¡/sjk µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) p<+uk µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) nhid µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) thou µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) xq# µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

85

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- vki gok] ikuh] nhid esa ls fdldh rjg cuuk pkgsaxs\ 5

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2- vius pfj=k dks oSQls egku cuk;k tk ldrk gS\ 5

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86

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) iwQy gesa g¡luk fl[kkrs gSaA

([k) HkkSajksa ls ge xkuk lh[k ldrs gSaA

(x) iQyksa ls ynh Mkfy;ksa ls gesa 'kh'k >qdkus dh izsj.kk feyrh gSA

(?k) gok osQ >ksaosQ dksey Hkko cgkrs gSaA

(Ä) nw/ vkSj ikuh ls feyuk vkSj feykuk lh[kk tk ldrk gSA

2- (d) mRre ([k) dksey (x) ynh (?k) lPph (Ä) fut

3- (d) iqfYayx ([k) L=kh¯yx (x) iqfYayx (?k) L=kh¯yx (Ä) L=kh¯yx

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) jax p<+kus osQ fy, esagnh dks ihlk tkrk gSA

([k) nhid v¡/sjk gjus dk dke djrk gSA

(x) /jrh izkf.k;ksa dh lPph lsok djrh gSA

(?k) /qvk¡ ges'kk Å¡ps ij gh p<+rk gSA

(Ä) ty/kjk ges'kk vkxs c<+us dk lans'k nsrh gSA

2- (d) fon~;k ([k) lsok (x) gjuk (?k) x<+uk (Ä) txkuk

3- (d) lwjt mxrs gh v¡/sjk N¡V x;kA

([k) fgeky; ij p<+uk dfBu gSA

(x) nhid esa rsy de gks x;k gSA

(?k) lHkh izkf.k;ksa dk thou vueksy gSA

(Ä) gesa lnSo xq# dk vknj djuk pkfg,A

(fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a Hkh okD; cuk ldrs gSaA)

87

x.kifr ckIik eksj;k---

lkjka'k

gekjs lkaLÑfrd R;ksgkj fdl izdkj ijaijkvksa dks vkxs ys tkrs gSa] ;gh crkuk bl ikB dk mn~ns'; gSA

bl ikB esa x.ks'k prqFkhZ osQ R;ksgkj dk o.kZu gSA x.ks'k prqFkhZ dks fouk;d prqFkhZ Hkh dgrs gSaA bl

volj ij yksx viuh #fp osQ vuqlkj x.ks'k th dh ewfrZ [kjhnrs gSa vkSj viuh bPNk osQ vuqlkj

ltkdj vius ?kj esa j[krs gSaA ewfrZ;k¡ fdrus fnu ?kj esa j[kh tk,] ;g ml ?kj dh ijaijk ij fuHkZj gksrk

gSA cky xaxk/j fryd us x.kifr iwtk dks lkoZtfud :i fn;k] ftlls yksx vkil esa fey&tqydj

lkoZtfud rjg ls iwtk djsaA x.kifr dks fo?ufouk'kd o cqn~f/nkrk Hkh dgk tkrk gSA izR;sd 'kqHk dk;Z

x.kifr dh iwtk djosQ gh vkjaHk fd;k tkrk gSA ;g R;ksgkj fo'ks"k :i ls egkjk"Vª esa euk;k tkrk gSA

txg&txg 'kksHkk;k=kk,¡ fudkyh tkrh gSa rFkk nl fnu ckn x.kifr foltZu fd;k tkrk gSA vkt iwjs

Hkkjr esa x.ks'k prqFkhZ dk ioZ /we/ke ls euk;k tkrk gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd

(d) x.ks'k prqFkhZ dk R;ksgkj eq[; :i ls egkjk"Vª esa euk;k tkrk gSA

([k) x.ks'k prqFkhZ dks fouk;d prqFkhZ osQ uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA

(x) ;g R;ksgkj Hkkjrh; iapkax osQ Hkknzi{k eghus osQ 'kqDy i{k osQ pkSFks fnu euk;k tkrk gSA

(?k) egkjk"Vª osQ îs.k* uke dh txg osQ dkjhxjksa n~okjk cukbZ xbZ ewfrZ;ksa dh ek¡x vf/d gksrh gSA

(Ä) ewfrZ ysus osQ ckn mls jaxhu iVjs ij j[kk tkrk gSA

fyf[kr

1- (d) x.ks'k prqFkhZ dk R;ksgkj gksus osQ dkj.k ck”kkj esa HkhM+&HkkM+ FkhA blesa cPps ”;knk Fks]

D;ksafd os viuh&viuh ilan dh ewfrZ [kjhnuk pkgrs FksA

14

88

([k) ewfrZ ysus osQ ckn mls jaxhu iVjs ij j[kk tkrk gSA fiQj iVjk gkFk esa mBkdj ewfrZ dks

ysdj tkrs gSaA vkxs&vkxs ewfrZ vkSj ihNs yksx e¡thjs rFkk djrky ctkrs x.kifr cIik

eksj;k osQ ukjs yxkrs pyrs gSaA

(x) ?kjksa osQ vykok lkoZtfud LFkkuksa ij Hkh x.kifr dh LFkkiuk dh tkrh gSA ;s x.kifr

cgqr cM+s gksrs gSaA dbZ ckj rks budh Å¡pkbZ chl&iPphl iQhV rd gksrh gSA muosQ :i

Hkh vyx&vyx gksrs gSaA

(?k) yksxksa esa esy&tksy ,oa HkkbZpkjk dk;e j[kus osQ fy, yksdekU; cky xaxk/j fryd us

lkoZtfud mRlo osQ :i esa fey&tqydj bl R;ksgkj dks eukus dh izFkk izkjaHk dhA

(Ä) vuar prqnZ'kh osQ fnu ls x.kifr dk foltZu fd;k tkrk gSA ewfrZ;ksa dks fdlh cSyxkM+h]

eksVj] Vªd] VSaiksa vkfn esa j[kdj rkykc] unh ;k leqnz fdukjs igq¡pk;k tkrk gSA x.kifr

ls vxys o"kZ iqu% tYnh vkus dk vkg~oku djrs gq, foltZu fd;k tkrk gSA

(p) x.kifr foltZu osQ lkFk gekjh ijaijk o Jn~/k tqM+h gSA ;g Hkh lp gS fd ewfrZ foltZu

ls unh o leqnz esa iznw"k.k gksrk gSA blosQ fy, gesa ewfrZ;k¡ NksVh cukuh pkfg,A ewfrZ foltZu

osQ fy, fuf'pr LFkku cukus pkfg,A yksx cM+h la[;k esa ,d LFkku ij ,d ewfrZ LFkkfir

djsa] rks de ewfrZ;ksa dk foltZu gksxkA


(N) R;ksgkjksa ls ge viuh ijaijkvksa dks nksgjkrs gSaA blls cPpksa dks vius jhfr&fjok”kksa ,oa

laLÑfr dks tkuus dk volj izkIr gksrk gSA R;ksgkjksa osQ n~okjk os bu ijaijkvksa dks xzg.k

djrs gSaA blh izdkj R;ksgkj ubZ ihf<+;ksa osQ n~okjk gekjh lkaLÑfrd ijaijkvksa dks vkxs c<+kus

esa lg;ksx djrs gSaA


2- (d) fouk;d prqFkhZ ([k) x.ks'k (x) x.kifr (?k) prqFkhZ (Ä) izkarksa

3- 1- ([k) ckyxaxk/j fryd us 2- (x) nl fnu 3- ([k) xkSjh

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- cPps] ”;knk] 'kqDy] ckIik] LFkku] bDdhl

2- (d) 'kke ([k) jkr (x) dk¡Vk (?k) var (Ä) ukilan

89

3- (d) fnu (v) fnol

([k) mRlo (i) ioZ (x) iwQy (iv) iq"i

(?k) ?kj (iii) x`g

(Ä) rkykc (ii) ljksoj

4- (d) cPph ([k) ukfxu (x) firk (?k) pqfg;k (Ä) fiz;k (p) nsoh

5- (d) dgrs gSaA

([k) [kjhnuk pkgrs gSaA

(x) j[kh tkrh gSA

(?k) ltk;k tkrk gSA



O;fDrRo fu[kkj




90

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1




(d) ck”kkj esa HkhM+ dk D;k dkj.k Fkk\

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) HkhM+ esa fdudh la[;k ”;knk Fkh\

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(x) x.ks'k prqFkhZ dk nwljk uke D;k gS\

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(?k) nqdkuksa ij D;k ltk gqvk Fkk\

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(Ä) x.ks'k prqFkhZ dkSu&lh ewfrZ;ksa dh vf/d ek¡x gksrh gS\

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(d) cPps µ --------------------------- ([k) Å¡pkbZ µ ---------------------------

(x) i{k µ --------------------------- (?k) vkjaHk µ ---------------------------

(Ä) ilan µ ---------------------------


(d) leqnz µ --------------------------- ([k) ny µ ---------------------------

(x) txg µ --------------------------- (?k) dher µ ---------------------------

(Ä) #fp µ ---------------------------

91

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) x.kifr dks D;k ekuk tkrk gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) izR;sd 'kqHk dk;Z dk vkjaHk fdlosQ iwtu ls gksrk gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) x.ks'kksRlo fdrus fnuksa rd pyrk gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) x.kifr dk foltZu dc fd;k tkrk gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) tqywl oSQls 'kq: gksrk gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- fdlh fØ;k osQ ihNs ^dj* yxkdj mls iwoZ dkfyd fØ;k cuk nsrs gSa_ tSlsµyxk $ dj ¾ yxkdjA fn, x, 'kCnksa ls iwoZdkfyd fØ;k cukb,A 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ns[kuk µ --------------------- ([k) [kjhnuk µ ---------------------

(x) fudyuk µ --------------------- (?k) ltkuk µ ---------------------

(Ä) ctkuk µ ---------------------

3- ikB esa ls dksbZ ik¡p fo'ks"k.k 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ 5

(d) ---------------------------------------------- ([k) ----------------------------------------------

(x) ---------------------------------------------- (?k) ----------------------------------------------

(Ä) ----------------------------------------------

92

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- vkt viuh ilan osQ R;ksgkj dks u, <ax ls oSQls euk,¡xs\ 5

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2- x.kifr dh fHkUu&fHkUu :iksa dh ewfrZ;k¡ cukbZ tkrh gSaA vki x.kifr osQ fdl :i dh ewfrZ cuk,¡xs\ D;ksa\ fyf[k,A 5

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93

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) x.ks'k prqFkhZ osQ R;ksgkj osQ dkj.k ck”kkj esa HkhM+ FkhA

([k) HkhM+ esa cPpksa dh la[;k ”;knk FkhA

(x) bldk nwljk uke fouk;d prqFkhZ gSA

(?k) nqdkuksa ij x.kifr dh rjg&rjg dh ewfrZ;k¡ lth gqbZ FkhaA

(Ä) is.k uked LFkku osQ dkjhxjksa n~okjk cukbZ xbZ ewfrZ;ksa dh ek¡x ”;knk gSA

2- (d) cw<+s ([k) fupkbZ (x) foi{k (?k) var (Ä) ukilan

3- (d) lkxj ([k) lewg (x) LFkku (?k) ewY; (Ä) ilan

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) x.kifr dks fo?ufouk'kd vkSj cqn~f/nkrk ekuk tkrk gSA

([k) izR;sd 'kqHk dk;Z dk vkjaHk x.kifr osQ iwtu ls gksrk gSA

(x) x.ks'kksRlo nl fnu rd pyrk gSA

(?k) x.kifr dk foltZu vuar prqnZ'kh osQ fnu fd;k tkrk gSA

(Ä) tqywl fuf'pr LFkku ls drkj ck¡/dj 'kq: gksrk gSA

2- (d) ns[kdj ([k) [kjhndj (x) fudydj (?k) ltkdj (Ä) ctkdj

3- (d) fuf'pr ([k) vuar (x) Å¡pk (?k) ik¡p (Ä) Hkkjrh;

94

vifBr xn~;ka'k

1- 1- ([k) xaxk fdukjs

2- (x) Hkhxs pus

3- (?k) xq#

4- ([k) nqxqZ.kksa ls nwj jguk

2- 1- (x) usrkth lqHkk"kpanz cksl

2- ([k) nqxkZ iwtk esa

3- (d) nhu&nqf[k;ksa dh

4- (?k) xys yxk fy;k

vifBr in~;ka'k

1- 1- ([k) uHk esa

2- (x) pkSdksj

3- (d) 'kksj epk jgs gSa

4- (?k) bByk jgh gSa

2- 1- ([k) ek¡ osQ I;kj tSlk

2- (x) [ksr

3- (d) isM+ u dVus ij

4- (x) lM+d

95

ladfyr ewY;kaduµI

1- (d) vui<+ O;fDr i'kq osQ leku gksrk gSA

([k) O;fDr i<+&fy[kdj lPps vFkks± esa thou thuk lh[krk gSA

(x) Kku izkIr djosQ vius lekt vkSj ns'k dh HkykbZ djuk gh f'k{kk dk lgh vFkZ gSA

2- (d) vknj (ii) fujknj ([k) ehBk (iii) dM+ok

(x) lq[k (iv) nq[k

(?k) thr (i) gkj

3- (d) xkus ([k) fdj.ksa (x) yM+osQ (?k) iRrs

4- (d) D;kjh ([k) I;kyk

5- (d) pkj ([k) yach

6- (d) ckyd] f'k'kq ([k) o`{k] r#

7- (d) ekyfdu vkSj mldh csVh ck”kkj x,A

([k) cSy ikyrw i'kq gS tcfd 'ksjuh taxyh i'kq gSA

8- 1- ([k) vejksa esa 2- ([k) izfrKkikyd 3- ([k) 'kqn~/ 4- (x) ifRr;ksa osQ

5- (d) 'krjat [ksyuk

9- (d) LoIu ([k) canuokj (x) fnYyh esVªks (?k) ?kkoksa (Ä) ohjksa

10- (d) nf{k.k ([k) LoPN (x) iz.kke (?k) izfrKk

11- (d) ([k) (x) (?k)

12- (d) fo'okfe=k jktk gfj'panz osQ ikl LoIu esa fn, opu osQ vuqlkj jktikV ysus x,A

([k) isV dh chekjh esa uhe dk iQy (fuckSjh) dke vkrk gSA

(x) jksfgr us buke osQ iSlksa ls xk¡o esa LowQy [kksykA

(?k) esVªks jsy eqacbZ esa eksuks jsy osQ uke ls pyrh gSA

(Ä) cPps xjhc yksxksa dks xys yxkuk pkgrs gSaA

13- lcls vPNk cLrk* dgkuh ls gesa n;k] R;kx] izse] lgkuqHkwfr vkfn thou ewY;ksa dh izsj.kk feyrh

gSA ;g dgkuh gesa lans'k nsrh gS fd fdlh oLrq dh mi;ksfxrk rHkh gS] tc og fdlh vPNs dke

esa yxsA

96

ladfyr ewY;kaduµII

1- (d) fgeky; dks ioZrjkt dgk x;k gSA ([k) fgeky; ls xaxk] ;equk] fla/q] czg~eiq=k vkfn ufn;k¡ fudyrh gSaA (x) fgeky; osQ taxyksa ls gesa vusd izdkj dh tM+h&cwfV;k¡ vkSj mi;ksxh ydM+h feyrh gSA (?k) ck¡/ ufn;ksa ij cuk, x, gSaA (Ä) 'kh"kZdµioZrjkt fgeky;A 2- (d) v/eZ ([k) izxfr (x) ifjJe (?k) vueksy (Ä) foltZu (p) cnreh”k 3- (d) ys jgs gSa ([k) thr pqdh gSa (x) xw¡t jgs gSa 4- (d) iq"i] oqQlqe ([k) f'k{kd] xq# 5- (d) mxz (iii) LoHkko ([k) mitkÅ (iv) /jrh (x) dfBu (ii) ifjJe (?k) 'kqn~/ (i) gok 6- 1- ([k) ef.kiqj osQ 2- ([k) fr#vuariqje 3- ([k) nw/ vkSj ikuh ls 4- (?k) ikuh dks 5- ([k) owQM+k lM+d ij isaQduk 7- (d) Hkwxksy ([k) osQjy (x) v¡/sjk (?k) owQM+snku (Ä) ef.kiqj 8- (d) yky cRrh ij lHkh okgu #d x,A ([k) Hkkjr dh /jrh vR;ar mitkÅ gSA (x) lnSo lR; cksyksA 9- gjh&Hkjh tgk¡ gksrh /jrh ogha vkrs ckny midkjh] [kwc xjtrs [kwc pedrs vkSj djrs o"kkZ HkkjhA 10- (d) i`Foh fcuk oqQN fy, lHkh izkf.k;ksa dks mudh vko';drk dh lHkh oLrq,¡ iznku djrh gSaA

bl :i esa i`Foh izkf.k;ksa dh lPph lsok djrh gSA ([k) owQM+s osQ iz;ksx ls [kkn ,oa fctyh cukuk owQM+s osQ iz;ksx osQ mnkgj.k gSaA (x) eSjh dkWe dk iwjh uke eSaxrs paXusbtSax eSjh dkWe gSA mudh f'k{kk ef.kiqj esa gqbZA (?k) yksdekU; ckyxaxk/j fryd us x.kifr iwtk dks lkoZtfud mRlo dk :i fn;kA (Ä) ujsanz dh lR; ij vfMx jgus dh n`<+rk osQ dkj.k os.kqxksiky th dh Hkwy esa lq/kj gqvkA

11- Lokeh foosdkuan osQ thou ls gesa lkgl] fuMjrk] n`<+ ladYi] lR; dk ikyu] ns'kHkfDr] roZQ'kfDr vkfn thou ewY;ksa dks viukus dh lh[k feyrh gSA

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