ljLorh eSa vkSj esjk Material... · 2018-07-03 · Second Floor, MGM Tower, 19 Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 (India) Phone: +91-11-43556600 Fax+91-11-43556688 : E-mail:

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Second Floor, MGM Tower, 19 Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 (India) Phone : +91-11-43556600Fax : +91-11-43556688E-mail : [email protected] : www.saraswatihouse.comCIN : U22110DL2013PTC262320Import-Export Licence No. 0513086293

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Revised edition 2018

TM Code: 2017007000138

Published by: New Saraswati House (India) Pvt. Ltd.19 Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 (India)

The moral rights of the author has been asserted.

©Reserved with the Publishers

Publisher’s Warranty: The Publisher warrants the customer for a period of 1 year from the date of purchase of the Book against any Printing/Binding defect or theft/loss of the book. Terms and Conditions apply: For further details, please visit our website www.saraswatihouse.com or call us at our Customer Care (toll free) No.: +91-1800-2701-460Jurisdiction: All disputes with respect to this publication shall be subject to the jurisdiction of the Courts, Tribunals and Forums of New Delhi, India Only.

All rights reserved under the Copyright Act. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transcribed, transmitted, stored in a retrieval system or translated into any language or computer, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual, photocopy or otherwise without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.

Printed at: Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., Sahibabad (Uttar Pradesh)

Product Code: NSS2MMV036HINAC17CBY

This book is meant for educational and learning purposes. The author(s) of the book has/have taken all reasonable care to ensure that the contents of the book do not violate any copyright or other intellectual property rights of any person in any manner whatsoever. In the event the author(s) has/have been unable to track any source and if any copyright has been inadvertently infringed, please notify the publisher in writing for any corrective action.

vkeq[k

f'k{kdksa dk Kku vR;ar O;kid gksrk gSA mUgsa lanf'kZdk lqiqnZ djus dk mn~ns'; gS] cPpksa dk lok±xh.k fodkl djukA

f'k{k.k iz.kkyh esa Hkk"kk&f'k{k.k cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ gSA Hkk"kk dh xw<+ ckjhfd;ksa dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, gekjk ,d iz;kl iqLrdh; Ükà[kyk osQ :i esa vkiosQ le{k gS] ftldk uke gS eSa vkSj esjk O;kdj.kA* ;g d{kk ,d ls ysdj vkBoha rd osQ fon~;kfFkZ;ksa osQ fy, gSA gekjk mn~ns'; cPpksa dks fganh Hkk"kk fl[kkuk gSA

f'k{kd&lanf'kZdk ,oa vH;kl&if=kdk dk fuekZ.k f'k{kdksa osQ fy, fd;k x;k gS rkfd êSa vkSj esjk O;kdj.k* Ükà[kyk dh i`"BHkwfe esa fufgr mn~ns';ksa dks os cPpksa rd lgh <ax ls igq¡pk losaQA

^f'k{kd&lanf'kZdk* dks vf/d mi;ksxh ,oa fon~;kfFkZ;ksa gsrq vH;klijd cukus osQ fy, O;kdj.k&fo"k; osQ izR;sd ikB dh ikB&;kstuk miyC/ djkbZ tk jgh gSA rRi'pkr~ ikBkar vH;kl&iz'uksa ,oa iz'u&i=kksa osQ mRrj fn, x, gSaA ikBksa osQ i'pkr~ gy lfgr dk;Z&if=kdk,¡ Hkh tksM+h xbZ gSaA

vk'kk gS] Hkk"kk&f'k{k.k dh fn'kk esa fd;k x;k gekjk ;g iz;kl mi;ksxh fln~/ gksxkA

f'k{kkfonksa ,oa vuqHkoh f'k{kdksa n~okjk fd, x, lq>koksa dk ge Lokxr djsaxs ftlls Hkkoh la'kks/uksa esa enn feysxhA

µysf[kdk,¡

fo"k;&lwph

1- Hkk"kk ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------5

2- o.kZekyk ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7

3- ek=kk,¡ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9

4- 'kCn vkSj okD;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11

5- laKk -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------14

6- fyax -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17

7- opu ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19

vH;kl iz'u&i=kµ1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------21

8- loZuke ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------22

9- fo'ks"k.k------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------25

10- fØ;k---------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------28

11- i;kZ;okph 'kCn---------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------30

12- foykse 'kCn---------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------32

13- vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn-------------------------------------------------------35

14- eqgkojs---------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------36

15- v'kqn~f/&'kks/u---------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------38

vH;kl iz'u&i=kµ2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------40

Kku&ijh{kk ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------41

dk;Z&if=kdk,¡ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------42

dk;Z&if=kdkµmRrjkoyh --------------------------------------------------------------------54

(iv)

5

Hkk"kkLanguage 1

ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk

iqLrd % eSa vkSj esjk O;kdj.k d{kk % 3

fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % Hkk"kk fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; Hkk"kk osQ egRo dks le>kukA

Hkk"kk osQ :iksa ls ifjfpr djkrs gq, lalkj esa cksyh tkus okyh vU; Hkk"kkvksa dk Kku djkukA

fyfi D;k gSµle>kuk rFkk fofo/ Hkk"kkvksa dh fyfi;ksa dk Kku djkukA

iz'uksa osQ mRrj fy[kus dk vH;kl djkukA

fofHkUu xfrfof/;ksa n~okjk Hkk"kk osQ izfr #fp mRiUu djukA

lgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] Hkkjrh; eqæk] fofHkUu Hkk"kkvksa&fyfi;ksa okys ÝyS'k dkMZ~lA

iwoZKku ijh{kk Nk=k Hkk"kk osQ vFkZ ,oa izdkj ls iwoZ ifjfpr gSaA ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk osQ ekè;e ls Nk=kksa osQ iwoZKku dh tk¡p djukA

LraHk ls lacaf/r Nk=kksa osQ fopkj tkuukA

larks"ktud mRrj ikus ij vè;kid n~okjk vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djukµcPpks] vkt ge ^Hkk"kk* ikB i<+saxsA

lhúMhú osQ ekè;e ls ikB n'kkZ,¡xsA

ÝyS'k dkMZ~l osQ n~okjk ikB esa vk, mifo"k;ksaµHkk"kk osQ :i] fyfi vkfn dks n'kkZ,¡xs ,oa le>k,¡xsA

f'k{k.k&laosQr ikB osQ iz'uksa osQ mRrj Nk=kksa dks lgk;rk nsrs gq, d{kk esa djk, tk,¡xsA

vH;kl ls igys ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ ekè;e ls ikB nksgjk;k tk,xkA

fofHkUu dkMZ~l ,oa f'k{k.k&lkexzh n~okjk Nk=kksa ls NksVs&NksVs iz'u iwNs tk,¡xs] tSlsµ

1- fganh Hkk"kk dh fyfi dkSu&lh gS\

6

2- Hkkjrh; eqæk esa fdruh fyfi;k¡ vafdr gSa\

3- fy[kus osQ <ax dks D;k dgrs gSa\

4- us=kghu O;fDr i<+us osQ fy, fdl fyfi dk iz;ksx djrs gSa\ vkfnA

blosQ i'pkr~ lhúMhú osQ n~okjk Nk=kksa dks ikB le>k,¡A chp&chp esa muls iz'u Hkh iwNrs tk,¡A

bl fØ;k osQ nkSjku d{kk osQ yxHkx lHkh Nk=kksa dks vfHkO;fDr dk volj fn;k tk, rkfd mudh Hkkxhnkfjrk lqfuf'pr gksA

ikB osQ var esa nh xbZ xfrfof/;ksa dks ijLij ppkZ osQ ekè;e ls gy djok,¡A

fu"d"kZ [ksy&[ksy esa Hkk"kk ,oa mlosQ :i rFkk fyfi;ksa ls Nk=kksa dks ifjfpr djkukA

^”kjk lksfp, rks* LraHk n~okjk muesa fparu&euu dk Hkko txkukA

fujh{k.k vè;kid d{kk esa Nk=kksa n~okjk fd, x, izR;sd dk;Z (fyf[kr ,oa ekSf[kd) dk fujh{k.k djsaxsA

ikBkar vH;kl&iz'uksa osQ mRrj

”kjk crkb, rks

cksydj] fy[kdjA

fyfiA

ge vius fopkj ,d&nwljs rd ugha igq¡pk ikrsA

vkb,] vc fy[ksa

1- (d) ([k) (x) (?k) (Ä)

2- (d) fy[kdj ([k) ekSf[kd (x) 14 flracj (?k) fyfi (Ä) nsoukxjh

3- Nk=k igpkudj Lo;a djsaxsA

4- xqtjkrh] tkikuh] ejkBh] vaxzs”khA

”kjk lksfp, rks

Nk=k viuh le> osQ vuq:i Lo;a mRrj nsaxsA

djosQ nsf[k,

Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa osQ ukeµ1- xqtjkrh] 2- vlfe;k] 3- ef.kiqjh] 4- rfey] 5- ey;kye]

6- fganh] 7- mfM+;k] 8- iatkch] 9- rsyqxq

vU; xfrfof/;k¡ Nk=k f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk dh lgk;rk ls Lo;a djsaxsA

7

ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk


fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % o.kZekyk fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; o.kZekyk esa of.kZr izR;sd o.kZ dh lgh igpku djkukA izR;sd o.kZ dk lgh mPpkj.k djuk fl[kkukA 'kCnksa esa vkbZ fofHkUu èofu;ksa dks igpkudj cksyukA fofHkUu o.kks± osQ iz;ksx ls u,&u, 'kCn cuokukA vuqLokj&vuqukfld fpg~uksa dk mfpr iz;ksx djukA o.kZ] o.kZekyk rFkk muosQ Hksnksa ls ifjfpr djkukA fganh Hkk"kk esa of.kZr la;qDr O;atuksa dh igpku djkuk rFkk muls u,&u, 'kCn

cuokukA iz'uksa osQ mRrj fy[kus dk vH;kl djkukA vfHkO;fDr dh Lora=krk gsrq dkO;&jpuk djkukAlgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] fofHkUu o.kks± ls cus 'kCnksa osQ ÝyS'k

dkMZ~l] o.kZekyk dk pkVZ vkfnAiwoZKku ijh{kk Nk=k o.kks± ,oa o.kZekyk ls iwoZ ifjfpr gSaA ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk osQ ekè;e

ls Nk=kksa osQ iwoZKku dh ijh{kk dh tk,A muls xfrfof/ ls lacaf/r NksVs&NksVs iz'u iwNs tk,¡xsAf'k{k.k&laosQr vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ ekè;e ls ikB nksgjk;k tk,xkA rRi'pkr~ fofHkUu f'k{k.k&lkexzh (pkVZ] dkMZ~l] lhúMhú) n~okjk ikB ls lacaf/r

NksVs&NksVs iz'u iwNs tk,¡xsA 1- o.kks± osQ fdrus izdkj gksrs gSa\ 2- o.kZekyk oSQls curh gS\ 3- cgrk gqvk ikuh oSQlh èofu mRiUu djrk gS\ 4- la;qDr O;atu fdls dgrs gSa\ vkfnA

o.kZekykAlphabets 2

8

lhúMhú osQ n~okjk Nk=kksa dks ikB le>k;k tk,xkA chp&chp esa muls iz'u Hkh iwNs tk,¡xsA

d{kk esa lHkh Nk=kksa dh Hkkxhnkfjrk dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, muesa Hkkf"kd dkS'kyksa dk fodkl fd;k tk,xkA

ikB osQ var esa nh xbZ xfrfof/ izR;sd Nk=k ls djokbZ tk,xhA dfork&jpuk osQ i'pkr~ Nk=kksa ls mudk okpu djok;k tk,xkA

fu"d"kZ o.kZekyk osQ Kku osQ lkFk tgk¡ Nk=kksa esa o.kks± dh Kku&o`n~f/ gksxh] ogha fofHkUu 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, dkO;&jpuk ls muesa jpukRed {kerk dk Hkh fodkl gksxkA

fujh{k.k d{kk esa Nk=kksa n~okjk fd, x, izR;sd dk;Z ,oa mudh izfrfØ;kvksa dk vè;kid n~okjk fujh{k.k fd;k tk,xkA

ikBkar vH;kl&iz'uksa osQ mRrj”kjk crkb, rks Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

o.kZ dks Hkk"kk dh lcls NksVh bdkbZ blfy, dgrs gSa] D;ksafd blosQ VqdM+s ugha fd, tk ldrsA

tks O;atu nks O;atuksa dks tksM+dj curs gSa] mUgsa la;qDr O;atu dgrs gSaA

vkb,] vc fy[ksa 1- ([k) 'kgj (x) miou (?k) vknj

2- Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

3- xqykc] lwjteq[kh (iwQy) lsc] tkequ (iQy) cjiQh] xqykctkequ (feBkbZ)

4- (d) panu ([k) ew¡N (x) iw¡N (?k) ?kaVh

(Ä) oaQxu (p) ek¡ (N) xk¡o (t) ia[k

5- d

deydy'kduddejk

l

ljyljdlljlljxe

”kjk lksfp, rks Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

djosQ nsf[k, Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

9

ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk


fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % ek=kk,¡µ3 fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; Hkk"kk esa Lojksa osQ egRo dks le>kukA

Loj dc ek=kk esa ifjofrZr gks tkrs gSaµle>kukA

fofHkUu ek=kkvksa dk Kku djkukA

O;atuksa esa ek=kk yxkdj u,&u, 'kCn cukukA

ek=kkvksa dh Hkk¡fr ,d&nwljs dh lgk;rk djrs gq, thou thus dh izsj.kk nsukA

iz'uksa osQ mRrj fy[kuk fl[kkukA

ek=kkvksa osQ 'kqn~/ ,oa O;kogkfjd iz;ksx ij cyA

lgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] fofHkUu ek=kkvksa okys dkMZ~l rFkk fp=kA

iwoZKku ijh{kk tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* ls Nk=kksa dks tksM+rs gq, muosQ iwoZKku dh ijh{kk ysukA

fp=kksa dks fn[kkdj muosQ uhps fy[ks 'kCnksa ls Lojksa osQ fpg~u vyx djokukA

larks"ktud izfrfØ;k ikdj vè;kiu n~okjk vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djukA

cPpks] vkt ge êk=kk,¡* i<+saxs vkSj tkusaxs fd ;s oSQls O;atu osQ lkFk yxdj mUgsa iw.kZ djrh gSaA

f'k{k.k&laosQr lcls igys Nk=kksa dks vius&vius ukeksa esa vkbZ ek=kkvksa dks igpkudj cksyus dk volj fn;k tk,xkA

ikB esa nh xbZ rkfydk osQ ekè;e ls Lojksa osQ fofHkUu fpg~uksa dks ek=kk osQ :i esa le>k;k tk,xkA

j] Å rFkk Í dh ek=kkvksa dks fo'ks"k :i ls ÝyS'k dkM~Zl rFkk lhúMhú osQ ekè;e ls le>k;k tk,xkA

ek=k,¡Symbols of Vowels 3

10

rRi'pkr~ ^vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ ekè;e ls ikB nqckjk le>krs gq, ;g fuf'pr fd;k tk,xk fd ikB lHkh Nk=kksa dks le> vk x;k gSA

^”kjk crkb, rks* rFkk ^”kjk lksfp, rks* LraHkksa osQ n~okjk Nk=kksa dh rkfoZQd {kerk ,oa fparu&euu {kerk dks tk¡pk tk,xk rFkk mUgsa izksRlkfgr Hkh fd;k tk,xkA

vH;kl osQ iz'u&mRrj Nk=kksa osQ lkFk ckrphr djrs gq, fy[kok, tk,¡xsA

fofHkUu ek=kkvksa okys 'kCnksa ls oxZ&igsyh iwjh djokbZ tk,xhA

lHkh Nk=k mRlkfgr gksdj blesa Hkkx ysaxs vkSj d{kk dk ekgkSy mRlkgtud rFkk ÅtkZoku gksxkA

fu"d"kZ Nk=k ek=kkvksa dks le>dj u,&u, 'kCnksa dk fuekZ.k dj ik,¡xsA

fujh{k.k Nk=kksa n~okjk fd, x, lHkh dk;ks± dk fujh{k.k fd;k tk,xk ,oa mudk mRlkgoèkZu fd;k tk,xkA


”kjk crkb, rks

ek=kkA

^v*

^j* osQ isV esa yxrh gSA

vkb,] vc fy[ksa

1- (d) o` ([k) dks (x) jS

(?k) /q (Ä) [kh (p) lk

2- ykseM+h] vkyw] pkch] Ñ".k

3- (d) dy ([k) ty (x) ex

(?k) de (Ä) dn (p) eu

”kjk lksfp, rks

Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

djosQ nsf[k,

Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

11

ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk


fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % 'kCn vkSj okD; fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; 'kCn oSQls curs gSa\

okD; fdls dgrs gSaµiz'uksa osQ mRrj le>kukA

'kCnksa esa o.kks± dk D;k egRo gS ;k o.kks± dk lgh LFkku ij iz;ksx gksuk fdruk vko';d gSµ;g le>kukA

'kCn ls oSQls okD; curs gSa\ okD; cukrs le; fdu ckrksa dk è;ku j[kuk pkfg,µ;g le>kukA

lgh vkSj xyr 'kCnksa dh igpku djkukA

mfpr okD; cukuk fl[kkuk rFkk mudh igpku djkukA

lgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] lgh&xyr 'kCnksa osQ ÝyS'k dkMZ~lA

iwoZKku ijh{kk Nk=k 'kCn vkSj okD; ls ifjfpr gSa] bldh tk¡p osQ fy, ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk dk vH;kl d{kk esa Nk=kksa ls djok;k tk,xkA

Nk=kksa dh mRlkgiwoZd Hkkxhnkfjrk ,oa vuqowQy izfrfØ;k ikdj vè;kid vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djsaxsA

cPpks] vkt ge ^'kCn vkSj okD;* ikB i<+saxsA vkt ge tkusaxs fd lkFkZd 'kCn vkSj okD; oSQls curs gSa\

f'k{k.k&laosQr lcls igys ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk ls Nk=kksa esa fo"k; osQ izfr #fp txkbZ tk,xh ,oa muosQ iwoZKku dh ijh{kk Hkh gks tk,xhA

'kCn dh ifjHkk"kk le>krs gq, lkFkZd rFkk fujFkZd 'kCn le>k, tk,¡xsA

'kCn vkSj okD;Word and Sentence 4

12

blosQ fy, 'kCnksa osQ ÝyS'k dkMZ~l dk bLrseky fd;k tk,xk vkSj Nk=kksa ls lgh&xyr 'kCn Nk¡Vus osQ fy, dgk tk,xkA

Nk=kksa ls oqQN u, lkFkZd 'kCn cuok, tk,¡xsA

'kCnksa osQ ckjs esa iwjh tkudkjh nsus osQ i'pkr~ okD; fdls dgrs gSa\ okD; oSQls curs gSa\µle>k;k tk,xkA

lgh vkSj xyr okD;ksa dh igpku crkbZ tk,xhA

';keiV ij izR;sd Nk=k ls lkFkZd 'kCn rFkk okD; fy[kok, tk,¡xsA

vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ ekè;e ls ikB osQ eq[; fcanq nksgjk, tk,¡xs vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk,xk fd Nk=kksa dks 'kCn vkSj okD; iwjh rjg ls le> esa vk x, gSaA

vH;kl iz'u osQ mRrj ekSf[kd ppkZ osQ ckn fy[kok, tk,¡xsA

^djosQ nsf[k,* LraHk dh xfrfof/;ksa n~okjk ewd vfHku; n~okjk laosQrksa dk [ksy [ksysaxsA

fiatjs esa can i{kh osQ ewd Hkkoksa dks vius fe=k dks 'kCnksa vkSj okD;ksa esa crk,¡xsA

vark{kjh osQ [ksy ls viuk 'kCn&HkaMkj c<+k,¡xsA

fu"d"kZ lkFkZd 'kCn ,oa okD; osQ egRo dks le>rs gq, thou esa e/qj 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx djuk lh[ksaxsA

fujh{k.k f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk Nk=kksa osQ dk;Z dh tk¡p djsaxs rFkk mudk mRlkg c<k,¡xsA


”kjk crkb, rks

'kCnA

gk¡] ;g okD; gSA

vkb,] vc fy[ksa

1- (d) ckny ([k) tysch (x) fdj.k

(?k) cjru (Ä) oqQrqcehukj (p) xqtjkrh

2- (d) dks;y ([k) t;iqj (x) lqcg (?k) lwjt (Ä) gjk&Hkjk

3- edku] nqdku_ v#.k] d#.k_ nqxquk] cxqyk_ rfd;k] fVfd;kA

4- Nk=k Lo;a fy[ksaxsA

13

5- (d) Vksdjh jlksbZ esa j[kh gSA

([k) 'khuk dkj ls vkbZA

(x) xUus esa feBkl gSA

(?k) izohu ?kwe jgk gSA

(Ä) vfnfr vPNh yM+dh gSA

6- lgh 'kCn xyr 'kCn osQ lgh :i

jksVh vk¡[k

dy'k dye

fe=k eNyh

ikyd larjk

Hkkyk ?kksM+k

fpfM+;k canj

jLlh canwd

lkbfdy frryh

”kjk lksfp, rks

Nk=k viuh le> osQ vuqlkj mRrj nsaxsA

djosQ nsf[k,

Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

14

ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk


fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % laKk fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; uke okys 'kCnksa osQ fo"k; esa crkukA

;g crkuk fd uke okys 'kCn gh laKk dgykrs gSaA

fofo/ izdkj osQ ukeksa dh igpku djkukA

thou esa uke osQ egRo dks le>kukA

iz'uksa osQ mRrj fy[kus dk vH;kl djkukA

Hkkf"kd dkS'kyksa dk fodkl djukA

lgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] fofHkUu izkf.k;ksa] oLrqvksa ,oa LFkkuksa osQ fp=k] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj vkfnA

iwoZKku ijh{kk tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk esa fn, vuqPNsn dks d{kk esa eq[kj okpu djosQ Nk=kksa ls mlls lacaf/r iz'uksa osQ mRrj iwNsaxs] tSlsµ

µpw¡&pw¡ dkSu Fkk\

µog dgk¡ jgrk Fkk\

µfdls cgqr xqLlk vk;k\ vkfn

lHkh iz'uksa osQ larks"ktud mRrj ikdj vFkok vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djsaxsA

cPpks] vkt ge ^laKk* ikB i<+saxsA fofHkUu izdkj osQ ukeksa osQ fo"k; esa tkusaxs rFkk fofHkUu xfrfof/;k¡ djsaxsA

f'k{k.k&laosQr tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk ls ikB dk vkjaHk djrs gq, [ksy&[ksy esa ^laKk* dk ifjp; fn;k tk,xkA

laKkNoun 5

15

uke okys 'kCn gh ^laKk* 'kCn dgykrs gSaµle>k;k tk,xkA

fofHkUu ÝyS'k dkMZ~l n~okjk izkf.k;ksa] oLrqvksa] LFkku vkfn osQ ukesa dk ifjp; fn;k tk,xk rFkk mudh igpku djkbZ tk,xhA

lhúMhú dks izkstsDVj ij fn[kkrs gq, iwjk ikB vkd"kZd ,oa jkspd rjhosQ ls d{kk esa le>k;k tk,xkA

laKk osQ vusd izdkjksa dks ';keiV ij fy[kdj rFkk fp=kksa osQ ekè;e ls le>k;k tk,xkA

^vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ n~okjk iwjs ikB dks fiQj ls nksgjk;k tk,xk rkfd lHkh Nk=k ^laKk* ikB vPNh rjg le> losaQA

vH;kl osQ iz'uksa ij Nk=kksa osQ lkFk ckrphr djrs gq,] mUgsa gy fd;k tk,xk rFkk d{kk esa fy[kok;k tk,xkA

”kjk lksfp, rks* rFkk ^”kjk crkb, rks* LraHkksa n~okjk Nk=kksa dh dYiuk&'kfDr vkSj rkfoZQd {kerk dks fodflr fd;k tk,xkA

djosQ nsf[k,* osQ ekè;e ls laKk 'kCn [kkstdj rFkk ,d&nwljs osQ uke cnydj vkilh ckrphr djokdj Nk=kksa esa mRlkg txk;k tk,xkA

fu"d"kZ uke dk egRo le>saxsA ,d&nwljs osQ uke dk lEeku djsaxsA ^laKk* 'kCn dks tku ik,¡xs rFkk lgh laKk 'kCn dk iz;ksx dj losaQxsA

fujh{k.k Nk=kksa osQ izR;sd dk;Z dk fujh{k.k fd;k tk,xkA


”kjk crkb, rks

fdlh izk.kh] oLrq] LFkku] Hkko vkfn osQ uke dks laKk dgrs gSaA

laKk 'kCn O;fDr] oLrq] LFkku] Hkko vkfn osQ fy, vkrs gSaA

Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

vkb,] vc fy[ksa

1- (d) ([k) (x) (?k) (Ä)

2- (d) rkjs ([k) ty (x) igyoku

(?k) vUu (Ä) xsan (p) gfj;kyh

16

3- (d) Írq us iqLrd [kjhnhA

([k) jtr Mkd?kj ls fVdV ysus x;k gSA

(x) guh ck”kkj ls tysch yk,xkA

(?k) ukuh us cPpksa dks dgkuh lqukbZA

(Ä) Nk=k fidfud osQ fy, ÅVh x,A

(p) foosd iqLrdky; tkrk gSA

”kjk lksfp, rks

Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

djosQ nsf[k,

(d) Mkfd;k ([k) ykyfdyk (x) fcYyh

(?k) ljnh (Ä) fpfM+;k

Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

17

ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk


fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % fyax fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; lekt esa nks rjg osQ izk.kh gksrs gSaµ^fyax* ikB osQ ekè;e ls Nk=kksa dks le>kukA

fyax dh ifjHkk"kk ,oa mlosQ izdkjksa ls ifjfpr djkukA

fofHkUu L=khfyax&iqfYyax 'kCnksa dh igpku djkukA

^py] mM+ tk js* [ksy osQ ekè;e ls ikB dks jkspd cukdj le>kukA

vH;kl esa L=kh&iq#"k] yM+dk&yM+dh osQ HksnHkko dks feVkukA

lgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] iqLrd] 'kCn&lwph] pkVZ isij vkfnA

iwoZKku ijh{kk tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk osQ jkspd [ksy py] mM+ tk js---* osQ ekè;e ls Nk=kksa osQ L=khfyax&iqfYyax laca/h iwoZKku dh tk¡p djukA

fofHkUu fp=kksa osQ ekè;e ls L=khfyax&iqfYyax dh igpku djkukA

larks"ktud mRrj ikdj vè;kid n~okjk vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djukA

f'k{k.k&laosQr ^py] mM+ tk js* e”ksnkj [ksy ls ikB dk vkjaHk djsaxsA

lHkh Nk=kksa dh Hkkxhnkfjrk fuf'pr djus osQ fy, lcls iz'u iwNsaxsA

^fyax* dh ifjHkk"kk le>k,¡xs rFkk mlosQ Hksnksa dks Li"V djsaxsA

L=khfyax&iqfYyax laca/h 'kCn&lwph dks d{kk esa Nk=kksa ls i<+ok,¡xs rkfd Nk=kksa esa iBu dkS'ky dk fodkl gks losQ rFkk muesa vkRefo'okl txk losQA

lhúMhú osQ ekè;e ls ikB n'kkZ,¡xs rFkk ^”kjk crkb, rks* ,oa ^”kjk lksfp, rks* LraHkksa osQ ekè;e ls Nk=kksa dh dYiuk&'kfDr ,oa fparu&euu dk volj iznku djsaxsA

vH;kl osQ lHkh iz'u vkil esa ckrphr djosQ gy djsaxsA

6fyaxGender

18

liQyrk osQ f'k[kj ij igq¡ph fofHkUu efgykvksa osQ fp=k fn[kkdj lekt esa efgykvksa osQ egRo dks n'kkZ,¡xsA

ukuk&ukuh@nknk&nknh osQ tUefnu ij lqanj dkMZ cuok,¡xsA

fp=k fn[kkdj L=khfyax&iqfYyax 'kCn Nk¡VsxsA

fu"d"kZ L=khfyax&iqfYyax 'kCnksa dh igpku djrs gq, lekt esa nksuksa osQ leku egRo dks tkuukA

fujh{k.k Nk=kksa n~okjk fd, x, izR;sd dk;Z dk fujh{k.k fd;k tk,xkA


”kjk crkb, rks L=kh ;k iq#"k tkfr dk Kku djkus okys 'kCn fyax dgykrs gSaA fyaxµL=khfyax vkSj iqfYyax] nks izdkj osQ gksrs gSaA Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

vkb,] vc fy[ksa 1- (d) ysf[kdk fdrkc fy[k jgh gSA

([k) gfFkuh xUuk [kk jgh gSA

(x) 'ksjuh ngkM+ jgh gSA

(?k) jktk egy esa cSBk gSA

2- iqfYyax L=khfyax

jktk Jherh

iafMr canfj;k

?kksM+k gfFkuh

lsB ekfyu

3- (d) cgu ([k) pqfg;k (x) cSy (?k) eksjuh (Ä) vè;kfidk

4- Nk=k fp=k ns[kdj Lo;a feyk,¡xsA

”kjk lksfp, rks


djosQ nsf[k,

Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

19

ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk


fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % opu fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; opu* osQ 'kkfCnd vFkZ dks le>kukA

Hkk"kk esa opu osQ egRo dks le>kukA

opu osQ izdkj crkukA

,dopu rFkk cgqopu esa Hksn dj ikukA

opu osQ O;kogkfjd iz;ksx ij cy nsukA

lgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] fofHkUu oLrq,¡µiqLrd] isafly vkfnA

iwoZKku ijh{kk opu* laca/h Kku tk¡pus osQ fy, Nk=kksa ls d{kk esa ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk dh xfrfof/ djokbZ tk,xhA

Nk=k lhúMhú ns[ksaxs vkSj cgqr&ls 'kCnksa dh lwph Hkh i<+saxs] tks mUgsa opu osQ izdkjksa osQ ckjs esa crk,xhA

f'k{k.k&laosQr lcls igys ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk ls Nk=kksa osQ fo"k;&laca/h iwoZKku dh ijh{kk yh tk,xhA

rRi'pkr~ ôpu* dh ifjHkk"kk crkrs gq, ôpu* osQ fo"k; esa le>k;k tk,xkA

opu fdrus izdkj osQ gksrs gSaµ;g crkus osQ fy, f'k{k.k lgk;d lkexzh dh lgk;rk yh tk,xhA

fofHkUu oLrqvksa osQ ekè;e ls ,dopu vkSj cgqopu osQ fo"k; esa le>k;k tk,xkA

opu laca/h oqQN fo'ks"k ckrsa iqLrd rFkk lhúMhú osQ ekè;e ls crkbZ tk,¡xh] tSlsµcM+ksa dks vknj nsus osQ fy, ges'kk cgqopu dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA Lo;a

7opuNumber

20

Nk=kksa ls oqQN ,sls okD; cqyok, tk,¡xs] ftuesa cM+ksa dks vknj nsrs gq, cgqopu 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx gqvk gksA

blh rjg vU; ckrsa Hkh crkbZ tk,¡xh fd oqQN 'kCn lnSo cgqopu gksrs gSaA

opu laca/h lwph ls vH;kl djok;k tk,xkA

iz'u&mRrj ekSf[kd :i esa djus osQ i'pkr~ fy[kok, tk,¡xsA

vkvks nksgjk,¡* ls ikB osQ eq[; fcanq nksgjk, tk,¡xsA

djosQ nsf[k,* 'kh"kZd osQ varxZr dfork&ys[ku ,oa opu laca/h 'kCn Nk¡Vus dh xfrfof/ djokbZ tk,xhA

fu"d"kZ Nk=k ,dopu&cgqopu dh igpku dj losaQxs rFkk mudk lgh iz;ksx dj losaQxsA

fujh{k.k Nk=kksa dh xfrfof/ ,oa dk;ks± dk fujh{k.k fd;k tk,xkA


”kjk crkb, rks

opu la[;k crkrs gSaA

opu osQ nks izdkj gSaµ,dopu] cgqopuA

vk¡[ksa] nokb;k¡A

vkb,] vc fy[ksa

1- (d) ([k) (x) (?k)

2- vkSj 3 Nk=k fp=k ns[kdj Lo;a fy[ksaxsA

4- (d) uhjt us nokb;k¡ [kk yhaA

([k) ckx esa iwQy f[kys gSaA

(x) os pkfc;k¡ mBk ykvksA

”kjk lksfp, rks


djosQ nsf[k,

Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

21

vH;kl iz'u&i=kµ1

1- (d) ([k) (x) (?k) (Ä)

2- (d) i~Q $ v $ y~ $ v

([k) o~Q $ v $ y~ $ v $ e~ $ v

(x) l~ $ v $ M+~ $ v $ o~Q $ v

(?k) vk $ o~Q $ vk $ 'k~ $ v

3- (d) ugj ([k) 'kjkjrh (x) vkleku (?k) efgyk

4- (d) Ñ ([k) eks (x) iwQ

(?k) js (Ä) iS (p) [kh

5- (d) okD; ([k) vè;kid (x) cgqopu

6- (d) (ii) ([k) (i) (x) (ii)

7- (d) yM+oQh dke dj jgh gSA

([k) ge ik¡p HkkbZ gSaA

(x) cSy ?kkl [kkrk gSA

8- fe=krk] rkykc] cdjk] Hkkjr] tgk”k] niZ.k] uFk] dey] y[kuÅ] jFk] Fku] jkuh] ru] gy

(dksbZ nl)

22

ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk


fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % loZuke fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; ^loZuke* 'kCnksa dk Kku djkukA

Hkk"kk esa loZuke 'kCnksa dh mi;ksfxrk le>kukA

fofHkUu izdkj osQ loZuke 'kCnksa ls ifjfpr djkukA

loZuke laca/h Kku dks iq"V djus osQ fy, fofHkUu xfrfof/;k¡ djokukA

Hkk"kkbZ dkS'kyksa dk fodkl djukA

lgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] xfrfof/ if=kdk vkfnA

iwoZKku ijh{kk Nk=k loZuke ls ifjfpr gSaµ;g tkuus osQ fy, ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk esa fn;k igyk vuqPNsn i<+k tk,xkA rRi'pkr~ nwljk vuqPNsn Nk=kksa ls i<+us osQ fy, dgk tk,xkA

nksuksa vuqPNsnksa esa vk, varj dks Nk=k igpkusaxs vkSj crk,¡xs fd dj.k vkSj vHk; uke ckj&ckj u fy[kdj muosQ LFkku ij oqQN vU; 'kCnksa] tSlsµos] muosQ] muls vkfn dk iz;ksx D;ksa fd;k x;k gSA

larks"ktud mRrj ikdj vè;kid vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djsaxsA

cPpks] vkt ge ^loZuke* ikB i<+saxsA

f'k{k.k&laosQr lhúMhú rFkk vU; f'k{k.k&lkexzh dh lgk;rk ls ge ikB dks le>k;k tk,xkA

lcls igys ^loZuke* 'kCn dk vFkZ iwNsaxsµlcosQ fy, ukeA

^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* xfrfof/ djus osQ fy, dgsaxsA

rRi'pkr nksuksa vuqPNsnksa osQ varj dks igpkuus osQ fy, dgsaxs rFkk ;g iwNsaxs fd nwljk vuqPNsn igys okys vuqPNsn ls fHkUu D;ksa gS\ blls Hkk"kk esa D;k cnyko

loZukePronoun 8

23

vk;k\ tSlsµigys vuqPNsn esa uke fy[ks x, gSa ysfdu nwljs vuqPNsn esa muosQ LFkku ij vU; 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx gqvk gSA

igys ls rS;kj fd;k x;k xfrfof/ i=k Nk=kksa dks ck¡Vsaxs vkSj mls è;kuiwoZd i<+dj gy djus osQ fy, dgsaxsA

loZuke dh ifjHkk"kk le>k,¡xsA

iqLrd esa fn, oqQN vU; loZuke 'kCn rFkk muosQ iz;ksx osQ fo"k; esa crk,¡xsA

Nk=kksa dks fo'ks"k rkSj ij ;g le>k;k tk,xk fd fofHkUu loZuke 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx dc] dgk¡ vkSj fdl izdkj fd;k tkrk gSA

ikB dh lhúMhú fn[kkdj chp&chp esa iz'u iwNs tk,¡xsA loZuke 'kCn Nk¡Vus osQ fy, dgk tk,xkA

^djosQ nsf[k,* osQ varxZr dfork&ikB djokrs gq, mlesa vk, loZuke 'kCn Nk¡Vus dks dgk tk,xkA

fu"d"kZ Nk=k loZuke osQ fo"k; esa tku ik,¡xs rFkk mudk lgh :i esa iz;ksx dj ik,¡xsA

fujh{k.k Nk=kksa n~okjk dh xbZ xfrfof/ ,oa dk;ks± dk fujh{k.k fd;k tk,xkA


”kjk crkb, rks

laKk osQ LFkku ij vkus okys 'kCn loZuke dgykrs gSaA

laKk osQ LFkku ij loZuke dk iz;ksx djus ls Hkk"kk ljy vkSj lqanj gks tkrh gSA

fdlh vU; osQ fy,µog] os] ml] mudk] mUgsa] mUgksaus vkfn loZuke 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx fd;k

tkrk gSA

vkb,] vc fy[ksa

1- (d) nknh] vki dgk¡ tk jgh gSa\

([k) fj;k us dgk] ¶eSaus rqEgsa diM+s ns fn, FksA¸

(x) ns[kks] dkSu vk;k gS\

(?k) yxrk gS] ogk¡ dksbZ gSA

(Ä) ge lc fu'kk osQ ?kj x,A

24

2- (d) jfo us dgk fd eq>s vke ilan gSA

([k) ;'k osQ HkkbZ us mls ikoZQ esa ?kqek;kA

(x) ehuw viuh lgsyh ls lkbfdy pykuk lh[k jgh gSA

(?k) ekrk th us Í"kHk ls dgk fd mldk fp=k cgqr lqanj gSA

(Ä) xfjek us dgk fd fnYyh esa mlosQ ekek jgrs gSaA

3- loZuke 'kCn

mudk] rqEgkjk] vki] ge] mlA

”kjk lksfp, rks

Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

djosQ nsf[k,

cuk jgh gS viuk ?kj

ns[kHkky dj mlus ik;k

[kkyh gS mldk dksVjh

dHkh b/j ls] dHkh m/j ls

iqQnd&iqQnd ?kj&?kj tkrh]

fpFkM+k&xqnM+k&lqryh&rkxk

ys tkrh tks oqQN ikrhA

ys tkrh og eq¡g esa nkcs

dksVj esa j[k&j[k vkrh]

ns[k cM+k lkeku bdV~Bk

fdyd&fdyddj og xkrhA

25

ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk


fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % fo'ks"k.k fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; fo'ks"krk crkus okys 'kCnksa dh igpku djkukA

fo'ks"k.k fdls dgrs gSaµle>kukA

O;fDr ;k oLrq dh fdl&fdl rjg dh fo'ks"krk crkbZ tkrh gS ;k tk ldrh gSµle>kukA

,d&nwljs dh fo'ks"krkvksa] xq.kksa dks viukus osQ fy, izsfjr djukA

Hkkf"kd dkS'kyksa dk fodkl djukA

iz'u&mRrj fy[kus dk vH;kl djkukA

fo'ks"k.k osQ O;kogkfjd iz;ksx ij cyA

lgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] pkVZ isij vkfnA

iwoZKku ijh{kk ^fo'ks"k.k* 'kCnksa dh tkudkjh Nk=kksa dks igys ls gS fd ughaµ;g tkuus osQ fy, ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* xfrfof/ djokbZ tk,xhA

xfrfof/ esa fn, x, iz'u iwNs tk,¡xsA

iz'uksa osQ larks"ktud mRrj ikdj vè;kid vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djsaxsµ

µ cPpks] vkt ge ^fo'ks"k.k* ikB i<+saxsA

µ lhúMhú rFkk fofHkUu f'k{k.k&lkefxz;ksa osQ ekè;e ls fo'ks"k.k le>saxsA

f'k{k.k&laosQr lcls igys ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* xfrfof/ d{kk esa djokbZ tk,xhA

fo'ks"k.kAdjective 9

26

rRi'pkr~ ^fo'ks"k.k* 'kCn dk ifjp; fn;k tk,xkA

fdl&fdl rjg osQ fo'ks"k.k 'kCn gksrs gaSµ;g le>k;k tk,xkA

fofHkUu izdkj osQ fo'ks"k.k 'kCnksa dks le>kus osQ fy, d{kk esa fofo/ izdkj dh lfC”k;ksa] oLrqvksa] fp=kksa vkfn dk lgkjk fy;k tk ldrk gSA ;fn dM+ok djsyk crkrk gS rksµdjsys dk fp=k fn[kk;k tk ldrk gSA

lqanj ys[k osQ fo"k; esa crkuk gS rks d{kk esa ml Nk=k dh mRrj&iqfLrdk fn[kkbZ tk ldrh gS] ftlesa Nk=k dk ys[k lqanj gksA

iqLrd esa cus fp=kksa ,oa fn, x, mnkgj.kksa osQ ekè;e ls fo'ks"k.k 'kCnksa dh igpkuk djkbZ tk,xhA

^vkvks nksgjk,¡* n~okjk ikB nksgjk;k tk,xk rFkk ikB osQ eq[; fcanqvksa ij ppkZ dh tk,xhA

vH;kl&iz'u ikjLifjd ppkZ osQ ckn gy djok, tk,¡xsA

Nk=kksa dks ^djosQ nsf[k,* xfrfof/ Lo;a djus osQ fy, izsfjr fd;k tk,xkA

,d&nwljs dh fo'ks"krkvksa dks lqudj mudh iz'kalk esa rkyh ctkbZ tk,xhA

fu"d"kZ fo'ks"k.k 'kCnksa dks igpku losaQxs rFkk izkf.k;ksa] oLrqvksa] LFkkuksa vkfn dh fo'ks"krk crk losaQxsA

fujh{k.k dk;Z dk fujh{k.k fd;k tk,xkA


”kjk crkb, rks

laKk ;k loZuke dh fo'ks"krk crkus okys 'kCn fo'ks"k.k dgykrs gSaA

Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

27

vkb,] vc fy[ksa

1- Nk=k fp=k ns[kdj Lo;a fy[ksaxsA

2- Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

3- (d) m¡Qpk ([k) ohj (x) uhyk (?k) xksy

4- gS LoxZ ls Hkh vPNk Hkkjr oru gekjkA

lknk jgk gS thou] m¡Qph fopkj/kjkAA

”kjk lksfp, rks


djosQ nsf[k,

lrjaxh baæ/uq"k] yky Nrjh] nks es<d] uUgha cw¡n] uhyk vkleku] eksVk es<d] NksVk es<dA

28

ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk


fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % fØ;k fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; dke fdls dgrs gSaµifjfpr djkukA

dke djuk ;k gksuk D;k gSµifjfpr djkukA

fofHkUu LraHkksa osQ ekè;e ls Nk=kksa dks ^fØ;k* le>kukA

[ksy&[ksy esa Nk=kksa dks fØ;k 'kCn dh igpku djkukA

okD; cukus osQ fy, mlesa fØ;k dk gksuk fdruk ”k:jh gSµ;g le>kukA

fØ;k osQ lgh ,oa O;kogkfjd iz;ksx ij cy nsukA

lgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] xeys] ikS/s] feV~Vh] ikuh vkfnA

iwoZKku ijh{kk Nk=k fØ;k 'kCn ls ifjfpr gSa ;k ughaµ;g tkuus osQ fy, ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk esa fp=kkRed dFkk osQ ekè;e ls oqQN iz'uksa osQ mRrj iwNs tk,¡xs_ tSlsµ

µ cht /jrh esa D;k dj jgk gS\

µ uhan esa cht us D;k fd;k\ vkfnA

lHkh iz'uksa osQ larks"ktud mRrj ikdj vè;kid vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djsaxsA

cPpks] ge ^fØ;k* ikB i<+saxsA

f'k{k.k&laosQr ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk esa fpf=kr fp=kdFkk fn[kkrs gq, rFkk mls le>krs gq, Nk=kksa ls mlesa fn, x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj iwNs tk,¡xsA

fØ;k osQ ;s Hksn fofHkUu ÝyS'k dkMZ~l rFkk Nk=kksa ls d{kk eas fofHkUu fØ;k,¡ djokdj] tSlsµnkSM+uk] g¡luk] fy[kuk] i<+uk vkfn n~okjk le>k, tk,¡xsA

fØ;k osQ fcuk okD; oSQls v/wjk jgrk gSµiqLrd esa fn, x, oqQN mnkgj.kksa osQ ekè;e ls le>k,¡xsA

fØ;kVerb 10

29

lhúMhú fn[kkdj ikB dks vPNh rjg le>k;k tk,xkA

fofHkUu fØ;k 'kCnksa dh lwph i<+h tk,xhA

^vkvks nksgjk,¡* n~okjk ikB nksgjk;k tk,xkA Nk=kksa dks ikB iwjh rjg le> vk x;k] bldh iqf"V dh tk,xhA

vH;kl osQ iz'u&mRrj vkilh ppkZ osQ ckn d{kk esa fy[kok, tk,¡xsA

^”kjk lksfp, rks* esa fn, x, dk;Z osQ ekè;e ls Nk=kksa dks v¡/sjs&izdk'k dk varj le>k;k tk,xk rFkk ckgj [ksyuk Hkh fdruk ”k:jh gSµ;g Hkh crk;k tk,xkA

^djosQ nsf[k,* osQ ekè;e ls ikS/k jksi.k ,oa mudh tk¡p] oxZ igsyh esa ls fØ;k 'kCnksa dks igpkudj xksyk cukuk vkfn xfrfof/;k¡ djokbZ tk,¡xhA

fu"d"kZ fofHkUu fØ;kvksa dks Nk=k igpkuus yxs gSa ,oa fØ;k 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx dj ldrs gSaA

fujh{k.k Nk=kksa osQ dk;ks± ,oa xfrfof/;ksa dk fujh{k.kA


”kjk crkb, rks dke dk djuk ;k gksuk fØ;k dgykrk gSA gk¡] ^mxuk* fØ;k 'kCn gSA Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA

vkb,] vc fy[ksa 1- (d) ns jgh gS ([k) pyk jgk gS (x) ty jgk gS (?k) p<+ jgk gS (Ä) xk jgh gS 2- (d) lqu ([k) i<+k;k (x) cSBh (?k) tk (Ä) f[kyrs

3- pyuk µ /hjs&/hjs pyuk vPNk gSA thruk µ eq>s ;g buke thruk gSA ns[kuk µ Vhúohú ”;knk ugha ns[kuk pkfg,A feyuk µ eSa vkt vius fe=k ls feykA f[kykuk µ if{k;ksa dks nkuk f[kykuk pkfg,A

”kjk lksfp, rks Nk=k viuh le> osQ vuqlkj mRrj nsaxsA

djosQ nsf[k, fØ;k 'kCnµrSjuk] Hkjuk] ihuk] fgykuk] Mjuk] ns[kuk] peduk] nsuk] gksukA

30

ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk


fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % i;kZ;okph 'kCn fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; i;kZ;okph 'kCnksa osQ fo"k; esa crkukA

fofHkUu 'kCnksa osQ leku vFkZ crkus okys vyx&vyx 'kCnksa ls ifjfpr djkukA

lgh i;kZ;okph 'kCnksa dh igpku djkuk rFkk 'kCn&HkaMkj esa o`n~f/ djukA


i;kZ;okph 'kCnksa osQ O;kogkfjd iz;ksx ij cyA

lgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] i;kZ;okph 'kCnksa osQ ÝyS'k dkMZ~l vkfnA

iwoZKku ijh{kk Nk=k i;kZ;okph 'kCnksa ls ifjfpr gSa] blosQ fy, ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk djus osQ fy, izsfjr fd;k tk,xkA

Nk=kksa dh vuqowQy izfrfØ;k ikdj vè;kid vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djsaxsA

cPpks] vkt ge î;kZ;okph 'kCn* i<+saxsA

f'k{k.k&laosQr lcls igys ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk ls vkjaHk djsaxsA

rRi'pkr~ Nk=kksa dks fp=k fn[kkdj mlesa fy[ks 'kCnksa dks i<+us osQ fy, dgsaxsA muls iwNsaxs fd i{kh osQ fy, [kx] fogx] fpfM+;k uHkpj vkfn 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx D;ksa fd;k x;k gS\ Nk=k viuh izfrfØ;k nsaxsA

ÝyS'k dkMZ~l osQ ekè;e ls fofHkUu fp=k fn[kk, tk,¡xsA ,d Nk=k dks cqykdj ';keiV ij mu dkMZ~l ij cus fp=kksa osQ vyx&vyx uke fy[kok, tk,¡xsA

izR;sd 'kCn osQ mPpkj.k ij è;ku nsus osQ fy, lHkh Nk=kksa dks mu 'kCnksa osQ eq[kj okpu osQ fy, dgsaxsA

i;kZ;okph 'kCnSynonyms 11

31

iqLrd esa nh xbZ lwph d{kk esa i<+kbZ ,oa le>kbZ tk,xhA

lhúMhú fn[kkdj iwjk ikB n'kkZ;k tk,xk rFkk vkvks nksgjk,¡* n~okjk ikB osQ eq[; fcanqvksa ij ppkZ dh tk,xhA

ikB osQ var esa fn, x, vH;klµiz'uksa ij ppkZ djosQ muosQ mRrj fy[kok, tk,¡xsA

^”kjk lksfp, rks* ,oa ^djosQ nsf[k,* xfrfof/;k¡ d{kk esa Nk=kksa osQ lkFk ckrphr djrs gq, iwjh djokbZ tk,xhA

fu"d"kZ i;kZ;okph 'kCnksa dks igpku losaQxs rFkk mudk lgh iz;ksx dj losaQxsA

fujh{k.k Nk=kksa n~okjk fd, x, dk;ks± dh tk¡p dh tk,xhA


”kjk crkb, rks

leku vFkZ crkus okys 'kCnksa dks lekukFkhZ vFkok i;kZ;okph 'kCn dgrs gSaA

fu'kkµjkf=k] jtuh_ fxfjµioZr] ux

vkb,] vc fy[ksa

1- (d) iou ([k) jkf=k (x) o`{k (?k) iq"i (Ä) lkxj

2- (d) oL=k ([k) miou (x) vacj@vkleku@uHk (?k) ifjJe

3- (d) ckfydk] yM+dh ([k) /jrh] i`Foh (x) foVi] o`{k


djosQ nsf[k,

(d) i{kh] [kx ([k) iwQy] iq"i (x) es?k] ckny (?k) vk¡[k] u;u

32

foykse 'kCnAntonyms 12

ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk


fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % foykse 'kCn fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; foykse 'kCnksa osQ fo"k; esa tkudkjh nsukA

ikB esa vk, fofo/ foykse 'kCnksa ls ifjfpr djkukA

vH;kl ,oa xfrfof/;ksa osQ ekè;e ls Nk=kksa dks foykse 'kCnksa dh igpku djkuk ,oa muosQ egRo ls ifjfpr djkukA


foykse 'kCnksa dh igpku ,oa O;kogkfjd iz;ksx ij cyA

lgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] fp=k] iqLrd vkfnA

iwoZKku ijh{kk ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk esa vk, vuqPNsn dks Nk=kksa ls i<+okdj mlesa vk, foykse 'kCnksa dks N¡VokukµNk=kksa dks foykse 'kCnksa dh iwoZ tkudkjh gSµbldk Kku ysukA

Nk=kksa dh izfrfØ;k ls iw.kZ larqf"V osQ i'pkr~ vè;kid n~okjk vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djukA

cPpks] vkt ge ^foykse 'kCn* osQ fo"k; esa tkusaxsA

ikB esa nh xbZ foykse 'kCnksa dh lwph Nk=kksa ls d{kk esa i<+okbZ tk,xhA

lhúMhú osQ ekè;e ls iwjk ikB n'kkZ;k ,oa le>k;k tk,xkA

f'k{k.k&laosQr ikB esa nh xbZ foykse 'kCnksa dh lwph d{kk esa i<+h tk,xhA

lwph esa vk, dfBu 'kCnksa osQ vFkZ Li"V fd, tk,¡xsA

^vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ ekè;e ls ikB nksgjk;k tk,xkA

Nk=kksa dh lgk;rk ysrs gq, vH;kl osQ iz'u&mRrj fy[kok, tk,¡xsA

33

';keiV ij Nk=kksa ls 'kCnksa osQ foykse 'kCn fy[kok, tk,¡xsA blls Nk=kksa esa vkRefo'okl tkxsxkA

fp=kksa ,oa lhúMhú n~okjk foykse 'kCnksa dh xgu tkudkjh nh tk,xh ,oa mudh igpku djokbZ tk,xhA

d{kk dks jkspd ,oa esytksy c<+kus osQ fy, chp&chp esa iz'u Hkh iwNs tk,¡xsA

lqanj] ohjµ'kCnksa osQ foykse 'kCn crk,¡A

^”kjk lksfp, rks* LraHk osQ iz'uksa n~okjk Nk=kksa osQ vyx&vyx fopkjksa dks tkuk tk,xkA

^djosQ nsf[k,* LraHk esa 'kCn&lh<+h n~okjk Nk=kksa dks fofHkUu 'kCnksa osQ foykse 'kCn tkuus dk volj fn;k tk,xkA

fu"d"kZ Nk=k foykse 'kCnksa dks igpku ldrs gSa rFkk 'kCnksa osQ mfpr foykse crk ldrs gSaA

fujh{k.k Nk=kksa n~okjk fd, x, fyf[kr vH;kl dk fujh{k.k fd;k tk,xkA


”kjk crkb, rks

foykse 'kCn gSaA

gk¡] foykse 'kCn dks foijhrkFkZd 'kCn Hkh dgrs gSaA

vkb,] vc fy[ksa

1- (d) >wB ([k) cqn~f/eku (x) nq[kh (?k) uhps (Ä) ohj

(p) fons'k (N) xjhc (t) thr (>) ve`r (×k) vusd

2- (d) tYnh ([k) mRrj (x) dk;j (?k) thr (Ä) ,d

3- (d) ehBk ([k) v¡/sjk (x) ckgj (?k) ew[kZ (Ä) cqjk

4- (d) nq[kh ([k) dk;j (x) cqn~f/eku

(?k) ifjJeh (Ä) xjhc (p) vLoPN


djosQ nsf[k,

1- (d) lqcg ([k) gydk (x) dkyk

(?k) ykHk (Ä) Hkjk (p) jkr

34

vusd 'kCnksa ds fy, ,d 'kCn

One Word Substitution

13ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk


fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; Hkk"kk dks lqanj vkSj izHkko'kkyh cukus osQ fy, vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn dh mi;ksfxrk le>kukA

fofHkUu mnkgj.kksa ,oa xfrfof/;ksa n~okjk Nk=kksa dks mifo"k; dh ifjHkk"kk ls ifjfpr djkukA

ôkD;ka'kksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn* dh iqLrd esa nh xbZ lwph ls voxr djkuk rFkk Hkk"kk eas muosQ vf/dkf/d iz;ksx ls Hkk"kk dks vkd"kZd ,oa izHkko'kkyh cukuk fl[kkukA

vH;kl esa fn, x, iz'uksa dks gy djuk fl[kkukA

'kCnksa osQ O;kogkfjd iz;ksx dks lqn`<+ djukA

lgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] 'kCnksa dh lwph] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj vkfnA

iwoZKku ijh{kk ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk esa fn, x, fp=k fn[kkdj rFkk muosQ uhps fy[ks okD; i<+dj Nk=kksa osQ iwoZKku dh ijh{kk ysukA

larks"ktud mRrj izkIr gksus osQ i'pkr~ vè;kid n~okjk vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djukA

cPpks] vkt ge ^vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn* i<+saxs vkSj tkusaxs fd buosQ iz;ksx ls Hkk"kk fdruh ljy] vkd"kZd ,oa izHkko'kkyh cu tkrh gSA

f'k{k.k&laosQr lcls igys ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk n~okjk Nk=kksa osQ iwoZKku dh ijh{kk yh tk,xhA

okD;ksa osQ eq[kj okpu n~okjk muosQ iBu dkS'ky ,oa Jo.k&dkS'ky dk fodkl fd;k tk,xkA

35

mifo"k; dh 'kkfCnd ifjHkk"kk mnkgj.kksa osQ ekè;e ls le>kbZ tk,xhA ikB esa fn, x, fp=kksa ,oa mnkgj.kksa dh lgk;rk yh tk,xhA

iqLrd esa nh xbZ lwph Nk=kksa dks le>krs gq, Lej.k djkbZ tk,xhA

^vkvks nksgjk,¡* rFkk lhúMhú osQ ekè;e ls ikB iwjk n'kkZ;k tk,xk ,oa ikB esa of.kZr eq[; fcanqvksa ij Nk=kksa dk è;ku vkdf"kZr djk;k tk,xkA

fofHkUu fyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj ekSf[kd :i ls ppkZ djus osQ i'pkr~ fy[kus dks fn, tk,¡xsA

blls Nk=kksa osQ okpu@iBu ,oa ys[ku dkS'ky dk Hkh fodkl gksxkA

^djosQ nsf[k,* osQ varxZr ,d 'kCnksa osQ iz;ksx ls 'kCn&igsyh HkjokbZ tk,xhA

fu"d"kZ Nk=k vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn dh igpku dj ldrs gSaA muosQ fy, vusd 'kCn (okD;ka'k) crk ldrs gSaA nSfud thou esa ,sls 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx dj ldrs gSaA

fujh{k.k Nk=kksa osQ vH;kl&dk;Z dh tk¡p dh tk,xhA

Nk=kksa dh jpukRed ,oa ekSf[kd vfHkO;fDr dk fujh{k.k fd;k tk,xkA mUgsa ljkgk tk,xk rFkk vPNs dke osQ fy, izksRlkfgr fd;k tk,xkA


”kjk crkb, rks Hkk"kk dks ljy ,oa izHkko'kkyh cukus osQ fy, vusd 'kCnksa osQ LFkku ij ,d 'kCn dk iz;ksx

fd;k tkrk gSA o"kZ esa ,d ckj gksus okykµokf"kZd_ nwljs ns'k dh oLrqµfons'khA

vkb,] vc fy[ksa 1- (d) fuMj ([k) fpfdRld (x) lgikBh (?k) okf"kZd 2- (d) Mjiksd ([k) fons'kh (x) ;ksn~/k (?k) lkIrkfgd 3- (d) fp=kdkj ([k) 'kkdkgkjh (x) ifjJeh (?k) vkylh


djosQ nsf[k, (d) ekfld] okf"kZd ([k) Lons'kh] fons'kh (x) iqLrdky;] fon~;ky; (?k) yqgkj@yksgkj] oqQEgkj

36

ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk


fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % eqgkojs fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; Hkk"kk esa eqgkojksa osQ iz;ksx dk egRo le>kukA

eqgkojksa ls ifjfpr djkukA

okD;ksa esa vk, eqgkojksa dh igpku djkukA

vkil esa eqgkojsnkj ckrphr djuk fl[kkukA

'kkjhfjd vax laca/h eqgkojksa osQ iz;ksx ls e”ksnkj dgkuh] dkVwZu vFkok fp=kdFkk cuokdj Nk=kksa esa jpukRed ys[ku ,oa l`tu&dkS'ky dks fodflr djukA

eqgkojksa osQ O;kogkfjd iz;ksx ij cyA


lgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] eqgkojs fy[kh oqQN ifpZ;k¡] ,d NksVh Vksdjh] dkMZ~l] dkWfeDl vkfnA

iwoZKku ijh{kk Nk=k eqgkojksa ls ifjfpr gSa ;k ugha] blosQ fy, ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* xfrfof/ d{kk esa Nk=kksa osQ lkFk dh tk,xhA

lkekU; okD; rFkk eqgkojsnkj okD; esa varj igpkurs gq, Nk=kksa osQ vyx&vyx fopkj tkus tk,¡xsA

rRi'pkr~ vè;kid vius mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djsaxsµcPpks] vkt ge êqgkojs* ikB i<+saxs vkSj tkusaxs fd eqgkojs D;k gksrs gSa\

f'k{k.k&laosQr oqQN eqgkojksa ij d{kk esa vfHku; djok;k tk,xk vkSj fiQj Nk=kksa ls mu eqgkojksa dh igpku djkbZ tk,xhA

fp=k fn[kkdj eqgkojs igpkuus osQ fy, fn, tk,¡xsA

^vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ ekè;e ls ikB nksgjk;k tk,xkA

eqgkojsIdioms 14

37

Nk=k eqgkojksa osQ vFkZ tkusa ;k ughaµbls tk¡pus osQ fy, vH;kl esa fn, x, iz'u ijLij ppkZ osQ ckn fy[kok, tk,¡xsA

ÝyS'k dkMZ~l] dkWfeDl] lhúMhú vkfn f'k{k.k&lkexzh dk mi;ksx djrs gq, fofo/ eqgkojs le>k, tk,¡xsA

Nk=kksa ls ijLij ppkZ ,oa mUgsa vfHkO;fDr dh Lora=krk nsrs gq, muesa Hkk"kk osQ iBu] okpu ,oa ys[ku laca/h dkS'kyksa dk fodkl fd;k tk,xk rFkk mudh lgHkkfxrk dks ljkgk tk,xkA

^djosQ nsf[k,* osQ varxZr xfrfof/;ksa n~okjk Nk=kksa esa jpukRed {kerk dk fodkl fd;k tk,xkA

fu"d"kZ Nk=k Hkk"kk osQ lkSan;Z esa eqgkojksa osQ egRo dks le>saxs rFkk eqgkojksa dk ekSf[kd ,oa fyf[kr iz;ksx dj ik,¡xsA

fujh{k.k Nk=kksa dh jpukRed ,oa ekSf[kd vfHkO;fDr dk fujh{k.k fd;k tk,xk] mUgsa ljkgk tk,xk rFkk vPNs dke osQ fy, izksRlkfgr fd;k tk,xkA

ikBkar vH;kl&iz'uksa osQ mRrj”kjk crkb, rks eqgkojksa osQ iz;ksx n~okjk Hkk"kk dks lqanj vkSj izHkko'kkyh cuk ldrs gSaA Nk=k Lo;a djsaxsA ihB FkiFkikukAvkb,] vc fy[ksa

1- Hkhxh fcYyh cuuk] vkleku flj ij mBkuk] eq¡g esa ikuh vkuk] mYyw cukuk] nk¡rksa rys m¡xyh nckuk] isV esa pwgs owQnukA

2- (d) dku ij tw¡ u jsaxuk ([k) eq¡g esa ikuh vkuk (x) ihB FkiFkikuk

(?k) vkxccwyk gksuk (Ä) vk¡[kksa esa /wy >ksaduk

3- (d) (iii) ([k) (v) (x) (iv) (?k) (i) (Ä) (ii)

4- (d) eq¡g dh [kkuh iM+h ([k) vk¡[kksa dk rkjk (x) dej dl yh

(?k) isV esa pwgs nkSM+ jgs gSa (Ä) nk¡rksa rys m¡xyh nck yhA



38

ikB ;kstuk

f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk


fo"k; % fganh vof/ % ----------------------

mifo"k; % v'kqn~f/&'kks/u fnukad % ----------------------

mn~ns'; mPpkj.k ,oa orZuh laca/h v'kqn~f/;ksa dh igpku djkukA

izR;sd 'kCn osQ lgh mPpkj.k ij cy nsukA

mPpkj.k dh 'kqn~/rk dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, orZuh dh 'kqn~/rk ij cy nsukA

d{kk osQ izR;sd Nk=k dh orZuh rFkk mPpkj.k laca/h v'kqn~f/;ksa dks nwj djus osQ fy, Jqrys[k dk vk;kstu djukA

Hkk"kk osQ 'kqn~/ iBu] okpu rFkk ys[ku osQ egRo dks le>kukA

lgk;d lkexzh ';keiV] pkWd] MLVj] lhúMhú] izkstsDVj] dfBu 'kCnksa dh lwph] dk;Z&if=kdk vkfnA

iwoZKku ijh{kk iwoZKku ijh{kk gsrq Nk=kksa ls ^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* LraHk laca/h tkudkjh ysukA

^tqfM+, vkSj lef>,* xfrfof/ d{kk esa Nk=kksa n~okjk djokukA

xfrfof/ esa vk, v'kqn~/ okD;ksa dks Nk=kksa ls 'kqn~/ cqyokukA

mPpkj.k rFkk orZuh laca/h v'kqn~f/;ksa osQ fo"k; esa viuh f'k{k.k&lkexzh osQ ekè;e ls le>kukA

^v'kqn~f/ 'kks/u* ikB i<+us laca/h mn~ns'; dh ?kks"k.kk djukA

f'k{k.k&laosQr 'kCn&lwph ls oqQN lkekU; v'kqn~f/ okys 'kCn Nk=kksa ls iwNuk ,oa ';keiV ij fy[kokukA

okD; laca/h v'kqn~f/;ksa dks nwj djokus osQ fy, d{kk esa Nk=kksa ls NksVs&NksVs okD; cqyokukA

^vkvks nksgjk,¡* osQ ekè;e ls ikB nksgjkukA

v'kqn~f/k&'kks/kuCorrect Spelling 15

39

Jqrys[k ysukA

Nk=kksa esa ikjLifjd laokn djkdj ,d&nwljs dh xyfr;ksa@v'kqn~f/;ksa dks igpkudj mUgsa 'kqn~/ djkukA

ÝyS'k&dkMZ] pkVZ vkfn esa vk, v'kqn~/ 'kCn vFkok okD;ksa dh igpku djkukA

vH;kl osQ iz'uksa dks d{kk esa Nk=kksa dh lgk;rk ysrs gq, le>kuk ,oa fy[kokukA

^djosQ nsf[k,* xfrfof/ dks vf/d ls vf/d #fpdj cukrs gq, d{kk esa djkuk rFkk Nk=kksa dks 'kck'kh nsrs gq, mUgsa izksRlkfgr djukA

fu"d"kZ Nk=k 'kCnksa vkSj okD;ksa dh v'kqn~f/ dks igpkuus ,oa 'kqn~/ djus esa l{ke gSaA

fujh{k.k Nk=kksa osQ dk;ks± ,oa fØ;kdykiksa dk fujh{k.k djukA


”kjk crkb, rks mPpkj.k rFkk orZuh dh 'kqn~/rk dks è;ku esa j[kus ij ge fganh Hkk"kk 'kqn~/ :i ls cksy vkSj

fy[k ldrs gSaA cjkr] vk'khokZnA i{kh Mky ij cSBk gSA

vkb,] vc fy[ksa 1- (d) tokc ([k) #i;k (x) eNyh (?k) blfy, (Ä) Jherh

2- (d) ns[kks] ckgj dksbZ [kM+k gSA ([k) eSaus rqEgsa dgk FkkA (x) Mky ls iQy fxj x;kA (?k) cPps Nr ij cSBs gSaA

3- (d) Ñi;k ([k) cjkr (x) chekjh (?k) vuqPNsn (Ä) x`gdk;Z (p) #i;k

4- (d) esjh nhnh ck”kkj xbZ gSaA ([k) eq>s ?kweus ugha tkukA (x) dy firk th dks vkuk gSA (?k) nw/ esa oqQN fxj x;k gSA



40

vH;kl iz'u&i=kµ2

1- (d) Lokfn"V ([k) pkykd (x) m¡Qpk] gjk&Hkjk (?k) lI+ksQn

2- (d) [kk jgk Fkk ([k) bL=kh djrk gS (x) lhapk

(?k) ck”kkj tk,¡xs (Ä) [ksy jgs gSaA

3- fØ;k 'kCnµysVk] ysVrs gh] uhan vk xbZA liuk ns[kk] igq¡p x;k gS] ?kweus yxk] ns[kdj] Hkkxus

yxs] vPNk yx jgk FkkA

4- (d) cqn~f/eku ([k) ve`r (x) 'kke (?k) mRrj

5- (d) i{kh µ fogx] [kx

([k) lalkj µ tx] nqfu;k

(x) 'ksj µ flag] O;k?kz

(?k) jkr µ fu'kk] jkf=k

6- (d) v¡xwBk fn[kk fn;k

([k) vkleku flj ij mBk ysrs gSa

(x) ukS&nks X;kjg gks x;k

(?k) iwQyk ugha lek jgk Fkk

7- (d) 'kkdkgkjh ([k) fon~;kFkhZ (x) fpfdRld (?k) okf"kZd

8- (d) firk th vk x,A

([k) eq>s iQy ugha [kkusA

(x) ;g rqeus D;k fd;k\

(?k) isM+ ij canj cSBk gSA

(Ä) og esjh ukuh th gSaA

uksVµvU; lHkh ikBksa osQ iz'uksa osQ mRrj Nk=k viuh jpukRedrk osQ vk/kj ij fy[ksaxsA

41

Kku&ijh{kk

1- (d) xq#eq[kh ([k) nsoukxjh (x) I+kQkjlh (?k) jkseu

2- (d) Hk¡ojk] Nk¡o ([k) izkar] ea=kh

3- (d) ehuw] d{kk ([k) fpfM+;k] ?kksalys] vaMs

(x) lM+d] dkjsa (?k) xfjek] miou] iqQVckWy

4- (d) ([k) (x) (?k)

(Ä) (p) (N) (t)

5- (d) lq[kh ([k) xank (x) xjhc

(?k) jkr (Ä) >wB (p) cqjk

6- (d) ukuk th ?kweus tkrs gSaA

([k) yM+dk >wyk >wy jgk gSA

(x) jkuh us fdlku dks buke fn;kA

7- (d) eSa ([k) mlosQ] esjh (x) eq>s@mls (?k) esjh

8- (d) lqanj ([k) gjh] yky (x) e/qj (?k) ik¡p

9- (d) ijekRek] Hkxoku ([k) x`g] fuosQru (x) iou] ok;q (?k) ioZr] fxfj

10- (d) iqLrdky; ([k) lkIrkfgd (x) fons'kh (?k) ifjJeh

11- (d) lksus tk jgk gS ([k) cuk,xk (x) nkSM+rk gS (?k) pyk jgk Fkk

12- (d) rqEgsa eq>ls D;k pkfg,\ ([k) eq>s rqEgkjh Nrjh pkfg,A

(x) xk; dk xje nw/ ys vkvksA (?k) eq>s dgkfu;ksa dh ,d iqLrd nksA

(Ä) xq# th] vki ;gk¡ cSfB,A

13- (d) cgqr Øks/ djuk ([k) 'kkck'kh nsuk

(x) yypk tkuk (?k) fuf'par gksdj lksuk

(Ä) cgqr Øksf/r gksuk

14- Nk=k Lo;a fy[ksaxsA

42

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1

uke % -------------- d{kk % -------------- vè;kid@vè;kfidk % -------------- iw.kk±d

ozQekad % -------------- fnukad % -------------- vfHkHkkod % -------------- 15

1- Hkk"kk osQ fdrus :i gksrs gSa\ uke fyf[k,A

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- fyfi fdls dgrs gSa\

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3- o.kZ fdrus izdkj osQ gksrs gSa\ uke fyf[k,A

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4- la;qDr O;atu Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ

{k] x] /] =k] e] K] t] J

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5- mfpr 'kCnksa n~okjk fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,µ

(d) -------------------------- Hkk"kk dh lcls NksVh bdkbZ gSA

([k) Hkkjr dh jktHkk"kk -------------------------- gSA

(x) -------------------------- vkSj -------------------------- v;ksxokg gSaA

43

6- lgh dFku ij () vkSj xyr ij () dk fpg~u yxkb,µ

(d) o.kks± osQ O;ofLFkr esy ls o.kZekyk curh gSA

([k) Hkk"kk osQ osQoy nks gh dkS'ky gksrs gSaA

(x) mnwZ dh fyfi nsoukxjh gSA

(?k) Loj O;atuksa osQ mPpkj.k esa lgk;rk djrs gSaA

7- lgh feyku dhft,µ

(d) O;atu (i) J

([k) v;ksxokg (ii) iQ

(x) la;qDr O;atu (iii) vk

(?k) Loj (iv) va

44

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2



1- fn, x, 'kCnksa ij lgh ek=kk,¡ yxkdj nqckjk fyf[k,µ

(d) dgku µ -------------------------- ([k) ilk µ --------------------------

(x) Hkky µ --------------------------

2- o.kks± dks lgh Øe esa fy[kdj lkFkZd 'kCn cukb,µ

(d) 'kckfj µ -------------------------- ([k) udknq µ --------------------------

(x) ydks; µ --------------------------

3- mfpr 'kCnksa n~okjk fjDr LFkku Hkfj,µ

(d) -------------------------- osQ feyus ls 'kCn curs gSaA

([k) O;atuksa osQ lkFk tqM+us ij Loj dk cnyk :i -------------------------- dgykrk gSA

4- nh xbZ ek=kkvksa dks tksM+dj u;k 'kCn cukb,µ

(d) d $ bZ ¾ -------------------------- ([k) d $ vks ¾ --------------------------

(x) e $ Å ¾ --------------------------

5- 'kCnksa dks lgh Øe esa fy[kdj mfpr okD; cukb,µ

(d) vPNh fiz;k gS xkf;dkA µ ------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) ukuk th tkrs gSa lqcg lSj dksA µ ------------------------------------------------------------------------

6- lgh tksM+s feykb,µ

(d) c $ vks [khj

([k) n $ , Nwuk

(x) [k $ bZ nsj

(?k) N $ Å cksry

45

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3



1- js[kkafdr laKk 'kCnksa dk lgh esy dhft,µ

(d) VksD;ks tkiku dh jkt/kuh gSA O;fDr dk uke

([k) ,úihútsú dyke egku oSKkfud FksA LFkku dk uke

(x) o"kkZ gksus ij es<d iqQndus yxrs gSaA izk.kh dk uke

2- fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ opu cnydj fyf[k,µ

(d) iqLrd µ -------------------------- ([k) nokbZ µ --------------------------

(x) fpfM+;k µ --------------------------

3- fn, x, 'kCnksa esa ls iqfYyax vkSj L=khfyax 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ

cdjh] eksj] ?kksM+k] cPpk] L=kh] vè;kfidk] gkFkh] ekfyu

iqfYyax L=kh¯yx

------------------------------------ ------------------------------------

------------------------------------ ------------------------------------

------------------------------------ ------------------------------------

------------------------------------ ------------------------------------

46

4- laKk 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ

(d) yfrdk ifjJeh ckfydk gSA

([k) unh esa iwQy f[kyk gSA

(x) Nk=k d{kk esa i<+ jgs gSaA

5- fn, x, 'kCnksa esa ls ,dopu vkSj cgqopu 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ

jkr] vk¡[ksa] diM+s] iRrk] nokbZ] dgkfu;k¡] ekrk] esos

,dopu cgqopu

------------------------------------ ------------------------------------

------------------------------------ ------------------------------------

------------------------------------ ------------------------------------

------------------------------------ ------------------------------------

47

dk;Z&if=kdkµ4



1- ,d 'kCn esa mRrj fyf[k,µ

(d) vius fy, iz;ksx gksus okyk loZuke µ ---------------------------------------

([k) vknj nsus osQ fy, ,dopu osQ LFkku

ij cgqopu esa iz;ksx gksus okyk loZuke µ ---------------------------------------

(x) ek=kk osQ fy, iz;ksx gksus okyk ,d fo'ks"k.k µ ---------------------------------------

2- okD;ksa esa iz;ksx fd, x, fo'ks"k.k 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ

(d) eq>s cM+h xsan pkfg,A ------------------------------------

([k) ?kksM+k rs”k nkSM+us okyk tkuoj gSA ------------------------------------

(x) lqugjh eNyh ikuh esa gSA ------------------------------------

3- fØ;k fy[kdj okD; iwjs dhft,µ

(d) ';ke lkbfdy /hjs --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A

([k) xk; ?kkl ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A

4- lgh loZuke 'kCnksa ls fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,µ

(d) vkb,] --------------------------------- vanj vk tkb,A

([k) --------------------------------- dy fidfud tk,¡xsA

(x) firk th us --------------------------------- ik¡p #i;s fn,A

5 fØ;k osQ vuqlkj mfpr 'kCn Hkfj,µ

(d) isM+ ij cSBk canj osQyk -------------------------- gSA

([k) jkr esa rkjs -------------------------- gSaA

(x) 'ksj -------------------------- jgk gSA

48

dk;Z&if=kdkµ5



1- fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ nks&nks i;kZ;okph fyf[k,µ

(d) lwjt µ -------------------------- --------------------------

([k) gok µ -------------------------- --------------------------

(x) izdk'k µ -------------------------- --------------------------

2- js[kkafdr 'kCnksa osQ foykse 'kCn n~okjk fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,µ

(d) jfo jke tSlk vPNk yM+dk gS] rks jksgu jko.k tSlk --------------------------A

([k) Hkkjr vusdrk esa -------------------------- okyk ns'k gSA

(x) eSa -------------------------- lkeku mBk ysrk gw¡] ijarq Hkkjh lkeku ugha mBk ikrkA

3- vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, lgh 'kCn dks feykb,µ

(d) xkuk xkus okyk (i) vkpk;Z

([k) ;qn~/ esa yM+us okyk (ii) ;ksn~/k

(x) vkpj.k fl[kkus okyk (iii) xk;d

4- js[kkafdr 'kCnksa osQ i;kZ;okph fyf[k,µ

(d) jkf=k esa v¡/sjk gks x;kA --------------------------

([k) cxhps esa iwQy f[kys gSaA --------------------------

(x) esjk fe=k esjs ?kj osQ fudV jgrk gSA --------------------------

5- foykse 'kCn fyf[k,µ

(d) Å¡pk µ -------------------------- ([k) tUe µ --------------------------

(x) ijk;k µ --------------------------

49

dk;Z&if=kdkµ6



1- js[kkafdr 'kCnksa osQ LFkku ij mfpr eqgkojk fyf[k,µ

(d) xjek&xje tysch ns[kdj uhfyek dk eu yypk x;kA

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) d{kk esa Nk=kksa us 'kksj epkdj cgqr ijs'kku dj fn;kA

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) ijh{kk lekIr gksus osQ ckn eSa cgqr xgjh uhan esa lksrh gw¡A

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) vPNs cPps lHkh dks cgqr I;kjs gksrs gSaA

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- v'kqn~f/;k¡ fdrus izdkj dh gksrh gSa\ uke fyf[k,A

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3- v'kqn~/ 'kCnksa osQ 'kqn~/ :i fyf[k,µ

(d) Da;wfd µ -------------------------- ([k) izFoh µ --------------------------

(x) pqgk µ --------------------------

50

4- okD;ksa dks 'kqn~/ djosQ fyf[k,µ

(d) esjs dks migkj pkfg,A -----------------------------------------------------

([k) ehjk xkuk xk jgk gSA -----------------------------------------------------

(x) rqedh fdrkc dgk¡ gS\ -----------------------------------------------------

5- fn, x, vadksa dks ¯gnh 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,µ

(d) 22 µ -------------------------------

([k) 39 µ -------------------------------

(x) 28 µ -------------------------------

51

dk;Z&if=kdkµ7



1- fuEufyf[kr eqgkojksa osQ vFkZ fyf[k,µ

(d) dej dluk --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) mYyw cukuk ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) vDy dk nq'eu --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) ihB FkiFkikuk ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- lIrkg osQ fnuksa dks lgh Øe esa fyf[k,µ

eaxyokj] 'kfuokj] lkseokj] 'kqØokj] cq/okj] xq#okj] jfookj

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3- Hkkjr osQ nks jk"Vªh; R;ksgkjksa osQ uke fyf[k,A

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4- (d) i;kZ;okph 'kCn fyf[k,µ

(i) pk¡n µ -------------------------- (ii) i`Foh µ --------------------------

([k) foykse 'kCn fyf[k,µ

(i) liQy µ -------------------------- (ii) lq[k µ --------------------------

(x) ^mYyw cukuk* eqgkojs dk vFkZ crkb,A

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) feV~Vh osQ crZu cukus okys dks D;k dgrs gSa\

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

52

dk;Z&if=kdkµ8



1- uhps fn, x, o.kks± dks mfpr txg ij lgh Øe esa fyf[k,µ

x] vk] ½] /] o] >] vks] e] bZ] ;

Loj ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

O;atu ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- okD;ksa esa ls ,d laKk vkSj ,d fo'ks"k.k Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ

laKk fo'ks"k.k

(d) jktw us dPps vke rksM+sA ---------------------- ----------------------

([k) eq>s [kV~Vh&ehBh VkWfI+kQ;k¡ cgqr ilan gSaA ---------------------- ----------------------

(x) uUgk [kjxks'k rs”kh ls Hkkx jgk gSA ---------------------- ----------------------

(?k) vkxjk esa lqanj rktegy gSA ---------------------- ----------------------

3- loZuke vkSj fØ;k Nk¡Vdj fyf[k,µ

lkjka'k us vius tUefnu ij vius lHkh nksLrksa dks cqyk;kA mlus u, diM+s igus FksA mlosQ

nksLrksa us dgk] ^^rqe cgqr vPNs yx jgs gksA** mlus osQd dkVk vkSj lHkh us mls migkj fn,A

loZuke ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

fØ;k ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

53

4- js[kkafdr 'kCnksa dk lgh feyku dhft,µ

(d) mlus lcdks pqVoqQys lquk,A (i) fo'ks"k.k

([k) uhyh irax vkleku esa mM+ jgh gSA (ii) fØ;k

(x) Lokfr d{kk esa izFke vkbZA (iii) loZuke

(?k) cPpk cgqr lqanj fy[k jgk gSA (iv) laKk

54

dk;Z&if=kdkµmRrjkoyh

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1

1- Hkk"kk osQ nks :i gksrs gSaµ(i) ekSf[kd Hkk"kk] (ii) fyf[kr Hkk"kkA 2- Hkk"kk dks fy[kus dk rjhdk gh fyfi dgykrk gSA tSls ¯gnh Hkk"kk dh fyfi nsoukxjh gSA

3- o.kZ nks izdkj osQ gksrs gSaµ(i) Loj] (ii) O;atuA 4- {k] =k] K] J

5- (d) o.kZ ([k) ¯gnh (x) vuqLokj] vuqukfld

6- (d) ([k) (x) (?k) 7- (d) O;atu µ (ii) iQ] ([k) v;ksxokg µ (iv) va_ (x) la;qDr O;atu µ (i) J_

(?k) Loj µ (iii) vk

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2

1- (d) dgkuh ([k) iSlk (x) Hkkyw

2- (d) ckfj'k ([k) nqdku (x) dks;y

3- (d) o.kks± ([k) ek=kk

4- (d) dhµdhy@dhM+k ([k) dksµdksey@dksuk

(x) ew&ewyh@ew[kZ

5- (d) fiz;k vPNh xkf;dk gSA ([k) ukuk th lqcg lSj djus tkrs gSaA

6- (d) cksµcksry ([k) nsµnsj (x) [khµ[khj (?k) NwµNwuk

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3

1- (d) LFkku dk uke ([k) O;fDr dk uke (x) izk.kh dk uke

2- (d) iqLrosaQ ([k) nokb;k¡ (x) fpfM+;k¡

3- (d) iqfYyax µ eksj] ?kksM+k] cPpk] gkFkhA

([k) L=khfyax µ cdjh] L=kh] vè;kfidk] ekfyuA

4- (d) yfrdk] ckfydk ([k) unh] iwQy

(x) Nk=k] d{kk

55

5- ,dopu µ jkr] iRrk] nokbZ] ekrkA

cgqopu µ vk¡[ksa] diM+s] dgkfu;k¡] esosA

dk;Z&if=kdkµ4

1- (d) eSa ([k) vki (x) fdyks@yhVj (?k) xksy@pkSdksj

2- (d) cM+h ([k) rs”k (x) lqugjh

3- (d) pyk jgk gS ([k) [kkrh gS

4- (d) vki ([k) ge (x) eq>s

5- (d) [kk jgk ([k) pedrs (x) ngkM+

dk;Z&if=kdkµ5 1- (d) lw;Z] jfo ([k) ok;q] iou (x) jks'kuh] mtkyk

2- (d) cqjk ([k) ,drk (x) gydk

3- (d) xkuk xkus okyk (iii) xk;d

([k) ;qn~/ esa yM+us okyk (ii) ;ksn~/k

(x) vkpj.k fl[kkus okyk (i) vkpk;Z

4- (d) jkr ([k) miou (x) x`g

5- (d) uhpk ([k) e`R;q (x) viuk

dk;Z&if=kdkµ6

1- (d) xjek&xje tysch ns[kdj uhfyek osQ eq¡g esa ikuh vk x;kA

([k) d{kk esa Nk=kksa us 'kksj epkdj ukd esa ne dj fn;kA

(x) ijh{kk lekIr gksus osQ ckn eSa ?kksM+s cspdj lksrh gw¡A

(?k) vPNs cPps lHkh dh vk¡[kksa dk rkjk gksrs gSaA

2- v'kqn~f/;k¡ nks izdkj dh gksrh gSaµ

(i) orZuh (fy[kus) dh v'kqn~f/;k¡]

(ii) mPpkj.k (cksyus) dh v'kqn~f/;k¡A

56

3- (d) D;ksafd ([k) i`Foh (x) pwgk

4- (d) eq>s migkj pkfg,A ([k) ehjk xkuk xk jgh gSA

(x) rqEgkjh fdrkc dgk¡ gS\

5- (d) ckbZl ([k) murkyhl (x) vV~BkbZl

dk;Z&if=kdkµ7

1- (d) rS;kj gksuk ([k) ew[kZ cukuk (x) ew[kZ (?k) 'kkck'kh nsuk

2- lkseokj] eaxyokj] cq/okj] xq#okj] 'kqØokj] 'kfuokj] jfookj

3- Lora=krk fnol] x.kra=k fnol

4- (d) (i) panzek (ii) /jrh ([k) (i) vliQy (ii) nq[k

(x) ew[kZ cukuk (?k) oqQEgkj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ8

1- Loj µ vk] bZ] ½] vks

O;atu µ x] >] /] e] ;] o

2- laKk fo'ks"k.k

(d) jktw dPps

([k) VkWfI+kQ;k¡ [kV~Vh&ehBh

(x) [kjxks'k uUgk

(?k) vkxjk lqanj

3- loZuke µ vius] mlus] mlosQ] rqe] mls

fØ;k µ cqyk;k] igus Fks] dgk] yx jgs gks] dkVk] fn,

4- (d) (iii) loZuke ([k) (i) fo'ks"k.k

(x) (iv) laKk (?k) (ii) fØ;k

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ljLorh eSa vkSj esjk Material... · 2018-07-03 · Second Floor, MGM Tower, 19 Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 (India) Phone: +91-11-43556600 Fax+91-11-43556688 : E-mail: