2013/01/3027 231

143(1646)328364

/14(1381)/(263295,6005112010;112)1802008:24()///30///Ray Huang, 1587, A Year of No Significance, 1981(1985)17ps.

vs.F. Braudel(4(2001)http://www.his.ncnu.edu.tw/ming/MingStudies.htm)Eg. logistics//

27(1394)(1371)()2007

138396614(1381)80

13

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lateral transactions20001522-156614696

28(1405-1433)176-1932005;1.3-51405-140762/27,800PalembangMalaccaCalicut2.5-73.7-94.11-13Malindi5.15-176.19-201421-14221357.6-81431-143361/27,5505

183counter-history

1986 (1597-1684)1

1

1928

interchangeableexchange16,1/2(1986)46-47

118782007350

2(1631)(198153

30(1397)5 8 253 3652http://sinocal.sinica.edu.tw/305 1397/06/23