Affirmative Negative Interrogative · Tendo um verbo auxiliar na sua estrutura (TO BE), a forma interrogativa ocorre pela simples inversão entre o auxiliar e o sujeito, e a forma

VERB TO BE

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INGLÊSapostila 01

Inglês - Apostila 01

FUTURE

VERB “THERE TO BE”

A forma verbal THERE TO BE deve ser usado quando se for descrever cenas, objetos, paisagens, onde HÁ coisas a serem relacionadas.

I loveYou loveHe lovesShe lovesIt lovesWe loveYou love They love

Do I love?Do you love?Does he love?Does she love?Does it love?Do we love?Do you love?Do they love?

I don’t loveYou don’t loveHe doesn’t loveShe doesn’t loveIt doesn’t loveWe don’t loveYou don’t loveThey don’t love

PresentSingular There is (Há)Plural There are (Há)

PastSingular There was (Houve)Plural There were (Houve)

Simple Past There will be (Haverá)

Conditional There would be (Haveria)

TEXT 01

(UFPR)

Water

There is plenty of water on Earth. In fact, there is enough water on this planet for everyone to have a huge lake. The trouble is that the water isn’t always found in the place where it is needed. In addiction, much of the water is polluted and salty. Because of these problems, there are many people without sufficient water.

01. According to the text:01) There is little water on Earth.02) Everyone on the Earth has a huge lake.04) Much of the water found on this planet is not good for

immediate use.08) All the water on Earth is polluted.16) Water is never found in the place where it is needed.32) There are places on the Earth without water.

There are basic THREE TENSES in ENGLISH:

PRESENT: Used to describe situations in general and a situation that happens right now.

PAST: Used to describe situations that happened BEFORE this moment in time.

** FUTURE: Used to describe situations that will happen at some point later than now.

did you know that...

Affirmative Negative InterrogativeI will be (I’ll be)

You will be (you’ll be)He will be (he’ll be)

She will be (she’ll be)It will be (I’ll be)

We will be (we’ll be)You will be (you’ll be)

They will be (they’ll be)

I will not beYou will not beHe will not beShe will not be

It will not beWe will not beYou will not beThey will not be

Will I be?Will you be?Will he be?Will she be?Will it be?

Will we be?Will you be?Will they be?

verb to be inglêsapostila 01

3Inglês - Apostila 01

TEXT 02

The school year

The school year in England starts in September and ends in July. There are three terms in a year: the winter term, the spring term, and the summer term. Each term is three months long. There are three holidays too: the Christmas holidays of four to five weeks, the Easter holidays of about three weeks, and the summer holidays of about seven or eight weeks in July. There isn’t homework during the sum-mer holidays. No wonder students love these so much!

02. According to the text, it is correct to say that:

01) There are classes in August.02) There are three terms in the school year in England.04) The first term is the spring term.08) The terms are long but the holidays are very short.16) The last term is the summer term.

03. What information is in the text?

01) Advantages of the school year in England.02) The way the school year is divided.04) Examples of activities of winter, spring and summer terms08) The duration of the seasons in England.16) The duration of the school holidays.32) The division of the year in seasons.64) The sequence of terms and holidays in the school year in

England.

SIMPLE PRESENT

Para formar o Simple Present, basta tomar-se o infinitivo sem o “TO” e repetir a forma após os pronomes pessoais. A única alteração ocorre na 3ª pessoa do singular (he, she, it), para a qual o verbo recebe um S.

I read I likeYou read You likeHe, she, it reads He, she, it likes We read We likeYou read You likeThey read They like

Se o verbo terminar em S, H, X, Z, O, acrescenta-se ES:

brush - brushesdress - dressesdo - doesbuzz - buzzesfix - fixesteach - teaches

Se o verbo terminar em Y precedido de consoante, troca-se o Y por i e acrescenta-se es:

fly - fliesdry - driestry - triesstudy - studies

Obs: tomar cuidado com o verbo TO HAVE: ele faz a forma da terceira pessoa de maneira irregular (Have - Has).

Será comum aparecerem frases no SIMPLE PRESENT acompanhadas de advérbios de tempo, pois estaremos na maioria das vezes expressando ações rotineiras, hábitos.

Eis alguns dos principais:

always: semprenever: nuncasometimes: às vezesevery day: todos os diasusually: geralmenterarely: raramentetoday: hojetonight: hoje a noite

every

seldom: poucas vezes

morningweekmonthyear, etc

Simple present tense is mostly used:

1. To describe permanent or unchanging things/ situations

2. To describe how frequently something happens.

3. To talk about scheduled/ arranged events.


VERB TO BE

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INGLÊSapostila 01


Interrogative and Negative Forms

Na forma negativa usamos, auxiliar DO + NOT + verbo principal (no infinitivo sem to). Apenas na 3ª pessoa do singular substituímos do por DOES.

Pode-se contrair o DO com o NOT, obtendo-se a forma DON’T. Na terceira pessoa, a contração de DOES com o NOT cria a forma DOESN’T.

Quando usamos o auxiliar (negações e interrogações), a variação do verbo na terceira pessoa do singular não aparece mais no verbo principal, mas sim no auxiliar.

Na forma interrogativa, o auxiliar (do/does) antecede o sujeito.

Affirmative: I live near here.Interrogative: Do you live near here?Negativa: I do not (don’t) live near here.

Affirmative: She studies hard for the exams.Interrogative: Does she study hard for the exams?Negative: She does not (doesn’t) study hard for the exams.

Afirmative Interrogative NegativeI loveYou loveHe lovesShe lovesIt lovesWe loveYou loveThey love

Do I love?Do you love?Does he love?Does she love?Does it love?Do we love?Do you love?Do they love?

I don’t loveYou don’t loveHe doesn’t loveShe doesn’t loveIt doesn’t loveWe don’t loveYou don’t loveThey don’t love

Usamos o simple present:

1. Para ________________________________________

________________________________________

Nurses look after the patients in the hospital.

They usually go out on Saturday.

Moon goes round the Earth.

Vegetarians don’t eat meat.

2 - Para dizer

________________________________________

I get up at 6:30 every morning.

Jane doesn’t drink beer very often.

In the summer Jack usually comes to the club once or twice a week.

3 - Para

________________________________________

Examples:

I love mayonnaise.

They enjoy soccer.

She hates to stay alone at home on weekend.

We like to study English.

Observe os exemplos abaixo e escreva qual o uso do verbo.

She frequently goes to bed late.We generally help you.

Simple past is mostly used:

1. To describe a situation in the past.

2. To describe events that begins in the past and that finishes in the past.

3. To show that events in the past DO NOT GRAMATICALLY influence events in the presente nor future


TEXT 03

(UFPR)

Reflexology

Reflexology is a harmless, non-invasive technique used in the treatment and prevention of illness. All that is needed are hands, feet or face. Reflexologists believe that these are a “mirror”, and that every part of the body is reflected in a corresponding area of the hands, feet or face. Most reflexologists work on the feet, but if skin conditions make them unsuitable for treatment, therapists can use the hands or face instead. By using fingers pressure on




01) The parts of the body reflexologists can work on.02) Some benefits reflexology can bring to people.04) The medication therapists have to prescribe their patients

after the treatment.08) The types and sizes of mirrors reflexologists use to observe

every part of the body.16) The technique therapists use to stimulate healing.32) The duration of the treatment.

05. According to the text:

01) Because of the discomfort the technique always causes, patients complain of severe pains during the treatment.

02) Reflexology can only work on the feet, never on the hands or face.

04) Not only physical health but also emotional health can be improved by the treatment.

08) Reflexologists can use any part of the body if the hands, feet or face are not suitable for the treatment.

16) Reflexology is usually a painless technique.32) Sometimes therapists cannot work on the patients’ feet

because the skin conditions are not appropriate for the treatment.

Complete a tradução dos advérbios.

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCYAlwaysOften FrequentlyGenerallyUsually SometimesSeldomRarelyHardly everAlmost NeverNever

Sempre 100%95%95%90%90%40%10%10%5%3%0%

2 - Traduza as frases abaixo.

I always go to work by car.

________________________________________

They often play soccer.

________________________________________

She frequently goes to bed late.

________________________________________

I usually like to study in the morning.

________________________________________

They go to the movies sometimes.

________________________________________

I seldom watch television at night.

________________________________________

We rarely eat in the morning.

________________________________________

They hardly ever agree with me.

________________________________________

specific points on the feet, therapists can stimulate healing in the corresponding part of the body to relieve stress and congestion, reduce inflammation, boost circulation and eliminate toxins from the body.

Treatment aims to improve both physical and emotional health by stimulating the body’s own healing system, rather

than to cure any condition. Treatment is usually rela-xing, although it can cause a tingling sensation, and ten-derness at certain points indicates imbalance or disease in the corresponding body party.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

O Present Continuous é usado para expressar uma ação que está acontecendo no momento presente (normalmente no exato momento da fala).Sua formação consiste no verbo TO BE (variando de acordo com o sujeito) + o gerúndio do verbo principal.

O gerúndio, em inglês, é feito com o acréscimo do sufixo ING ao verbo.

I am working in the school.They are listening to some music.She is reading a book now.

Atenção: É importante observar as transformações que ocorrem no verbo que muda para o Gerúndio. Para formá-lo você acrescenta apenas o ING, mas devemos prestar atenção aos verbos terminados em:

1) E = - E + ING (tira-se o E final e coloca-se ING)

dance = dancing

VERB TO BE

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INGLÊSapostila 01


Listen! The telephone is ringing.Look! That man is stealing a car.

INTERROGATIVE AND NEGATIVE FORMS

Tendo um verbo auxiliar na sua estrutura (TO BE), a forma interrogativa ocorre pela simples inversão entre o auxiliar e o sujeito, e a forma negativa pelo acréscimo de “not”.

Affirmative: She is cleaning her room now.Interrogative: Is she cleaning her room now?Negative: She is not (isn’t) cleaning her room now.

O present continuous pode exercer uma outra função em inglês, além de criar frases no presente imediato. Ele pode também ser usado para fazer frases no futuro, desde que seja um futuro certo e não muito distante. Para fazer isso, basta fazer uma frase usando o present continuous e, ao final dela, colocar um tempo no futuro.My parents are traveling to Europe next month.I am moving to São Paulo next week.My brother are arriving tomorrow.

a) You _____________ hard today.b) I _____________ for Christine do you know where she is?c) It _____________dark. Can I turn on the light?d) ‘Are you ready, Ann?’ ‘Yes, I______________.’e) They _____________ with friends until they find somewhere.f) Have you got an umbrella? It __________ to rain.g) You ___________ a lot of noise. Could you be quieter?

I_____________ to concentrate.Why are all these people here? What ________?

TEXT 04

(PUC-PR)

Dishonest marble cutters in Ancient Rome rubbed wax over the pillars and blocks they were selling, to hide cracks. The Roman Senate tried to stop this cheating by government must be wax-free, which in Latin is sine cera. Sine cera came to mean “honest”. And sincere means “honest” to this day.

06. The Ancient Romans who rubbed wax over imperfect marble pillars.

a) never cheatedb) were not honest at allc) never stopped their cheatingd) were Roman senators.e) used to cut marble and stone..

come = coming make = making Obs: EE = EE + ING (se a palavra terminar com EE, só se acrescenta ING)

see = seeingflee = fleeingagree = agreeing

2) IE = Y + ING (se a palavra terminar em IE, substitui-se o IE por Y e acrescenta-se ING)

die = dyingtie = tyinglie = lying

3) Para verbos monossilábicos terminados em cvc (consoante, vogal, consoante) dobra-se a última letra e em seguida acrescentamos o ING.

Exemplo:

run = runningswim = swimmingget = getting

Por normalmente estar expressando ações em continuidade, é comum que o Present Continuous esteja reforçado por expressões que indicam tempo, como alguns a seguir:

Complete the sentences with one of the following verbs in the present continuous:

come get happen look make start stay try work

TEXT 05

(PUC-PR)

Dolphins

For many years scientists believed that the chimpanzee was the most intelligent animal in the world. Recently they have learned that the dolphins are very clever animals, too. Perhaps they are more intelligent than chimpanzee-Many people think that dolphins are fish, but it is not true. Dolphins are different from fish in many important ways. They are mammals. They are warm – blooded, and they cannot stay under water all the time, like fish. They breathe air. They must come to surface of the water and take in air every few minutes.

Dolphins live in groups, or “schools”. Schools of dol-phins travel and catch fish together, and they also use a kind of language. Scientists do not understand the langua-ge of dolphins, but they know that theses animals talk to



(PUC-PR)

Socrates, the Greek philosopher whose ideas have survived through the writings of Plato, was charged with corrupting the minds of Athenian youth and sentenced to death in 399 B.C.

10. Choose the alternative with the right statements:

I. Plato followed Socrates. II. Plato corrupted the mind of Athenian youth. III. Socrates and Plato were sentenced to death. IV. They both lived before Christ. V. Socrates was accused of corrupting the Athenian youth.

a) I, III, IVb) II, IV, Vc) I, IV, Vd) III, IV, Ve) II, III, IV

As these are regular verbs, notice that all the verbs in the past will ALWAYS follow the same format INDEPENDENT of the pronoun used. Therefore, there is NO DISTINCTION between with pronoun is being used like the 3rd person of the singular in the PRESENT. All persons, will have the regular verbs in the same fashion.

importanteach other and send messages under water.

Dolphins are very friendly to human beings, and they are helpful, too. In the past few years, scientists have taught dolphins to play games and to help man in many ways. In some ways dolphins are like dogs, but they are a lot more intelligent. Perhaps they will soon become the most useful animals in the world.

07. Which is the only wrong affirmative?

a) Dolphins are different from fish in many ways.b) Dolphins cannot stay under water all the time.c) Dolphins must comes to surface of the water and take air

only for a few minutes.d) Dolphins are clever, helpful, friendly and useful.e) Dolphins live in groups.

08. There is only one right statement. Which one is it?

a) Dolphins are mammals and warm-blooded.b) Scientists can understand the language of dolphins.c) For many years scientists thought that dolphins could helps

men in many ways.d) Dolphins are more intelligent than dogs, but certainly they

aren’t as intelligent as chimpanzees.e) Dolphins are the most useful animals in the world.

09. Choose the correct alternative

I. The dolphins group travel and catch fish together.II. Dolphins can’t talk to each other but they send messages

under water.III. Dolphins breathe air.

a) neither number I nor number III are right.b) both numbers I and II are true.c) all alternatives are false.d) not only number I but also number III are correct.e) no one of the affirmatives is wrong.

Continuous tenses can be used to:

1. Describe situations that are ongoing RIGHT NOW or soon.

2. Complement other verb tenses such as: past continuous, presente continuous, future with going to, past perfect continuous, presente perfect continuous and similars.

3. Differentiate between a verb tense and the gerund form of the verbs.

4. ALWAYS comes with ING at the end of the verb.


PRONOUNS

PersonalPronouns

PossessiveAdjectives

PossessivePronouns

ObjectPronouns

Iyouhesheitweyouthey

myyourhisheritsouryourtheir

mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs

meyourhimheritusyourthem

Os adjetivos possessivos e pronomes possessivos em inglês, ao contrário do português, concordam em gênero e número com o possuidor e não com a coisa possuída.

POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

Sempre aparecem antes de substantivos.

She likes her mother.

VERB TO BE

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INGLÊSapostila 01


Every year, your teachers make a comprehensive study of all the possible themes, topics and basic materials that is possible these might be part of the next VESTIBULAR, CONCURSO PÚBLICO and ENEM. That is really important if you want to be one step ahead on your studies and we do that on an on-going basis telling you more about the new scientific discoveries of all sorts such as Astronomy, Biology, Physics, Geology, Geography, Physics, Mathematics, Phylosophy, Chemistry, Portuguese, and many other breakthrough news alongside other innovative study ways. So, make sure you stay tunned while in class and forget cellphones during class, unless your teacher requests you to make use of them.


This is my house.Their car never works.

POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

Nunca são acompanhados de substantivos. Eles substituem os substantivos para evitar a repetição do substantivo num mesmo contexto. Em geral, aparecem em final de frase.

I love my family, you love yours.I have my apartment, she has hers.He play his guitar and I play mine.CASO

Duplo possessivoOcorre quando se pretende destacar “um” de “um grupo”, correspondendo em Português à expressão “um dos…”; “uma das…”

Jane is a friend of mine.

Object PronounÉ usado como objeto de frase.

He called me yesterday.Were you with him?

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

Indicam uma ação praticada e sofrida pelo sujeito. Devem concordar sempre com o sujeito expresso na frase. Portanto, nós usamos myself/yourself/himself/ etc quando o sujeito e o objeto são os mesmos.

John cut himself when he was shaving this morning.

Personal Pronouns Reflexive PronounsI

youhe sheit

weyouthey

myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself

ourselvesyourselvesthemselves

Complete correctly with relative pronouns:a) _____ is my new car.b) Look at _______ pretty girls in the other side.c) Do you prefer _____ dress or _____ skirt?d) I don’t know who are ______men over there.e) Please bring _____ bag from your desk.f) Could you look after ______ pan for me, please?g) Please take ______ new shoes in other bedroom.h) If you don’t mind I’m going to take ______ books away.i) Hey, Jane! Look at ______. How do you like it?j) Let’s take ______ things here and play a little.

Veja outros usos. Observe os exemplos a baixo e escreva o uso do verbo to be

Usamos o verbo “to be”:

1- Para dizer que ____________________________________________

This is my book.

That is the Jack’s car.

They aren’t my children.

2- Para expressar ____________________________________________

They aren’t Italian. They are Brazilian.

‘What is this?’ ‘This is a Chinese vase.’

We are from Paris, France.

He is a Russian ballet-dancer.

3- Para demonstrar____________________________________________

They aren’t all teachers.



Mr. Thompson is a good lawyer.

We are very intelligent.

Jet planes are very quick.

4- Para expressar ____________________________________________

Poor girl! She is so sick.

Those tables are very old and the chairs are broken.How are you today?’ ‘Oh, I’m so happy.’

Some children are afraid of their parents.

5- Para dizer ____________________________________________

‘Hello! Is your father over there?’ ‘Sorry, he is at work.’

‘Where is my car?’ ‘Oh, it’s at the mechanic.’

‘Did you see the students?’ ‘I think they are at gym.’

All the unemployed people are on the streets claiming for their jobs.


The Brazilian word forró come from English. In the Second World War Americans and other foreign people are here in Brazil. And all weekends they did a dancing party, which every people could participate. So they named this party as FOR ALL and as they spoke very fast this expression the brazilians understood foró and it became forró. So, man, learn how to dance forró because it is for all.

Texto para as questões 11 a 15

TEXT 06

(UFPR)

Teenagers Do Their Talking OnlineJeff Palfini

Thursday, June 21, 2001

Today’s teens communicate more using theInternet than they do face-to-face.

Their parents’ generation fought to use the family phone. Today’s teens fight over the keyboard.

A new study by the Pew Internet & American Life Project says teenagers have adopted the Internet — and instant messaging — so completely that it has even replaced face-to-face communication as the primary mode of interacting for some teens. The study concluded that of the approximately 13 million American teenagers who use the Net, 74 percent use instant messaging. Surprisingly, one-fifth of the teens using IM say it is their primary means of communicating with friends. The study extrapolated the results from a survey of 754 youngsters between the ages of 12 and 17 and their parents.

Vocabulário

primary = principal, mais importante____________________________________________

____________________________________________

____________________________________________

____________________________________________

11. The text above is about:

01) the results of a study conducted by Pew Internet & American Life Project.

02) face-to-face communication.04) the findings of research about American teenagers’ use of

the Internet.08) the results of a study about communication problems

between teenagers and their parents.16) the conclusions of a survey conducted among teenagers

and their parents.


01) Data related to a study conducted by Pew Internet & American Life Project.

02) The number of teenagers who use face-to-face communication as their primary mode of interacting.

04) The names of the people responsible for the survey.08) The percentage of American teenage adopters of the Net

who use instant messaging. 16) The percentage of American teenagers who use the family

phone.32) The estimated number of American teenagers who use the

Net.

13. According to the text, it is correct to say:

01) Teenagers’ communication preferences nowadays are similar to those of their parents.

02) The estimated number of American teens who use the Internet is 13 million.

04) More than half of the youngsters who have adopted the Internet use IM.

08) American teenagers do not use IM to communicate with their friends.

16) Thirteen million American teenagers were surveyed by the project.

32) Teenagers’ parents’ generation used the telephone as a form of communication.

VERB TO BE

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INGLÊSapostila 01



01) Some teenagers communicate with their friends more often over the Internet than they do face-to-face.

02) The total number of teenagers in America is 13 million.04) The youngsters reached by the survey were above eighteen

years of age.08) The study has extrapolated the results for American

teenagers to determine the communication habits of teenagers in many different countries.

16) Teenagers in several countries have been surveyed by the Pew Internet & American Life Project.

32) For more than one million American teenagers, instant messaging is the most important means of communicating with friends.

64) The survey investigated more than seven hundred and fifty-four individuals.

15. In the title “Teenagers do their talking online”, their refers to teenagers. Considering the text, in which of the alternatives are the references correct?

01) “Today’s teens communicate more using the Internet than they do face-to-face.” — do refers to communicate.

02) “Their parents’ generation fought to use the family phone.” — their refers to today’s teens.

04) “...so completely that it has even replaced face-to-face communication...” — it refers to American Life Project.

08) “...one-fifth of the teens using IM say it is their primary means of communicating...” — it refers to IM.

16) “...from a survey of 754 youngsters between the ages of 12 and 17 and their parents.” — their refers to results.

16. Complete with the verb to be in the present.

a) We _______ old friends.

b) They ________ inside their car.

c) John and Mary ________ in front of the house.

d) She _________ a famous lawyer.

e) Today ________ a hot day.

f) Those children _______ mine.

g) Miss Smith _________ sick today.

h) Rafael and Wagner _______ brothers.

i) The weather _______ not good for fishing today.

j) You ________ my sunshine.

17. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb to be in the past.

a) All my friends _________ at the party last night.

b) My father _______ out of town yesterday.

c) __________ you sick last week?

d) Peter and Paul ________ not at home last Sunday.

e) Caroline ________ in my class last term.

f) Where _________ you yesterday morning?

g) We _________ at Tingüi Park with some friends.

h) __________ it your dog that bit Michael?

i) I ________ visiting some friends last Summer.

j) They ________ good friends at school.

18. Complete with the correct form of the verb to be (attention with the adverbs).

a) _________ your sister at home today? Yes, she ______ in her room.

b) Those bad boys _________ always destroying our garden.

c) Our teacher ________ angry at school last night.

d) We _______ at the beach last Sunday and it ______ great.

e) Where ______ you yesterday morning? I _____ at work.

f) The sky ______ clear tomorrow and it _____ a warm day.

g) Andrea _____________ wearing a beautiful red dress last evening.

h) What _______ you doing now?

I _______ doing my homework, but I _______ free soon.

i) All the windows ________ closed last night, when I left school and now they _______ open...

j) Hellen and Meg _______ absent form class yesterday. Where _______ they?

19. Supply the correct form of the present tense of To Be.

a) He ________ a good student.b) They ________ old friends.

c) Henry and John ________ brothers.

d) She and I ________ cousins.

e) He ________ a businessman.

f) Today ________ Wednesday.

g) The policeman on the corner _______ busy with the traffic.

h) The policemen on the corner _______ busy with the traffic.

20. Rewrite the sentences in the interrogative form and in the negative form:

a) She is doing her exercises now.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

b) Her mother is very busy today.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

c) He will be with us next month.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________



d) It was a pleasant day.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

e) They were in London a month ago.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

21. Complete with the short answers.

a) Were your parents at home last night?

Yes,

b) Was she a marvelous girl?

No,

c) Is your dog dangerous?

No,

d) Are you still angry with me?

Yes,

e) Was that motorcycle yours?

Yes,

f) Is Margareth your sister?

No,

g) Were you at school last night?

No,

h) Will Robert be in our team?

Yes,

i) Will your parents be at home tonight?

No,

j) Are Peter and Carlos in the same class?

Yes,

22. Complete with the correct form of the verb “there to be”:

a) There ___________ some pictures on the wall when I saw that room the last time.

b) Look! ___________________ somebody in front of your house. Is it your father?

c) I think _________________ a meeting in Carla’s flat next Saturday.

d) _______ a letter for me this morning when I arrived home.

e) I’m sure ______________ nobody at home at this hour of the day.

f) __________________ a big party if our candidate won the elections.

g) _________________ not a single comfortable chair in this room!

h) ___________________ plenty of good seats for everyone.

i) ___________________ some old people at the party this afternoon.

23. (ACAFE) Choose the correct alternative to complete sen-tence:

____________ many trees and rivers in this forest.”

a) Hasb) There wasc) There ared) There ise) Have

24. Which alternative can be used to fill in the blank?

_________________ many types of vehicles today.”

a) There isb) It isc) There wered) Weree) There are

25. “_____________ a letter on the table for you.”

a) There are muchb) There is fewc) There is manyd) There ise) There were

26. (CESCEM) “In my school _______________ many foreign students.”

a) hasb) havec) there isd) there aree) there have

27. Complete the sentences using one of the following verbs (put the verbs into the correct form)

cause(s) close(s) drink(s) live(s)open(s) speak(s) take(s) place

a) Ann _____________ German very well.

b) I never _____________ coffee.

c) The swimming pool __________________ at 9 o’clock and _____________ at 18.30 every day.

d) Bad driving _____________ many accidents.

e) My parents _____________ in a very small flat.

f) The Olympic Games _____________ every four years.

28. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in the simple present:

a) Mary __________ her little brother to go to school. (dress)

b) The president ___________ to the nation every year. (talk)

VERB TO BE

12

INGLÊSapostila 01


c) The old violinist ___________ his violin on the roof. (play)

d) Those buses ____________ to New York. (go)

e) Good students ___________ their lessons every day. (do)

f) I ____________ home after class every evening. (return)

g) My dog ____________ too much. (eat)

h) Miss Smith ___________ for Eastern Airlines. (work)

i) We always ___________ home by bus. (come)

29. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in the simple present.

a) She ________ the same bus every morning. (take / takes)

b) We usually _________ to the teather together. (go / goes)

c) Those girls never ________ home before midnight. (come/ comes)

d) My little brother ______________ his face with one finger. (wash / washes)

e) Our fathers __________ together. (work / works)

f) My brother __________ his girlfriend. (love / loves)

g) I __________ my lunch at noon. (eat / eats)

30. Complete using one of the following.

I apologize I insist I promiseI recommend I suggest

a) It’s a nice day. _____________ we go out for a walk.

b) I won’t tell anybody what you said. _____________.

c) (in a restaurant) You must let me pay or the meal. ________ __________.

d) ______________ for what I said about you. It wasn’t true and I shouldn’t have said it.

e) The new restaurant in Hill Street is very good. _______ ______ it.

31. Give the Present Continuous form:

a) My dog _____________________ at this moment. (bark)

b) Those boys _______________ a composition now. (write)

c) Mary _________________ in front of the TV. (sit)

d) Your father _________________ for you outside. (wait)

e) We ___________ to the teacher’s explanation now. (listen)

f) They ____________ inside the church at this moment. (pray)

g) Birds __________________ over our heads right now. (fly)

h) That little boy _________________ thanks to God. (give)

i) ____________ you _______________ at the same place at present? (live)

32. Complete with the interrogative form and the negative form.

a) It is beginning to rain.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

b) My parents are taking a walk outside.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

c) Helen is taking guitar lessons.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

d) I am doing my best to pass at the University.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

33. Mark only the sentences which are correct according to the right use of the Present Continuous.

01) They’re sitting in front of their house now.02) She is carrying her baby for a walk.04) We are haveing some problems to understand this subject.08) Jerry is actting like a child.16) Look! It’s begining to rain.32) My cat is tring to climb that tree.64) We are leaving tomorrow morning.

34. Mark only the correct alternatives.

01) Is those children playing together?02) Do they are having a good time?04) Mary studying her lessons now.08) Are you having fun with that?16) Those men are shoutting against their bosses.32) The baby is crying like a mad.64) Listen! The telephone rings.

35. Mark only the correct sentences, according the Present Continuous.

01) My little brother is going to school every morning.02) Those boys is waiting for me in front of school today.04) My parents are travelling to Europe next year.08) The policeman is stoping that car now.16) Sheila is dancing with her boyfriend right now.32) Are you going to the States in July?64) He is driveing his father’s car at this moment.

36. (CESULON) “____________ the teachers you were talking about?”

a) Aren’t theyb) Is theyc) Isn’t hed) Aren’t hee) Wasn’t he



37. Assinale as alternativas em que se empregou corretamente o Presente Simples ou o Presente Contínuo em inglês:

01) They’re having dinner at six o’clock every day.02) My little sister is playing in the garden right now.04) I’m not having fun doing this at this moment.08) We get up at six o’clock every morning.16) Some people are going to visit us tonight.32) Mary takes her children to church every Sunday.64) Are you playing cards every evening?

38. Assinale as frases gramaticalmente corretas quanto ao emprego dos possessivos.

01) Somebody stole mine bike.02) He is looking for his pen.04) Daddy is visiting her mother.08) They took their tennis.16) Cynthia lent me a book and I lost her book.32) I’m going to give her mine.64) The mechanic fixed its car.

39. Complete with the correct possessive:

a) That is Beth’s father; ___________ name is Paul Simpson.b) This isn’t ___________ book. Mine is on the table.c) The girls in the classroom are sure of __________.d) That isn’t Mary’s cat. ___________ is a bigger one.e) John has already signed ___________ contract. Have you already signed ___________?

40. Put in myself / yourself / ourselves etc, or me / you / us etc.

a) Julia had a great holiday. She enjoyed ____________ .

b) It’s not my fault. You can’t blame ________________.

c) What I did was very wrong. I’m ashamed of ___________.

d) We’ve got a problem. I hope you can help ____________.

e) “Can I take another biscuit?”

“Of course. Help _______________.”

f) Take some money with _____________ in case you need it.

g) Don’t worry about Tom an me. We can look after _______.

h) I gave them a key to our house so that they could let __ in.

i) When they come to visit us, they always bring their dog with _______________.

41. (PUC-PR) Which option contains the correct use of the pronous?

I. Could you tell ________ what has happened in the pub?II. His uncle gave __________ the money to set up his new

business.III. It was kind of you to let me borrow ______ computer.IV. She ignored _______ father’s warning and jumped into the

swimming pool.V. Just a minute, I’m going to hang _________ jacket in the

wardrobe.

a) I – me; II – him; III – your; IV – her; V – my b) I – them; II – her; III – your; IV – her; V – your c) I – him; II – them; III – his; IV – its; V – mine d) I – her; II – us; III – their; IV – our; V – yours e) I – us; II – his; III – her; IV – his; V – him

42. (UDESC) Tell Mary not to forget to bring _____ ____ maga-zines and don’t forget to bring _________.

a) his - herb) her - hersc) her - yoursd) our - youre) my - mine

43. (PUC) “Is that tall pretty girl a friend of yours?”

“Yes, she’s a friend of __________”.

a) myb) ourc) mined) theirse) yours

44. (TUIUTI) The teacher spoke to __________ but ______ did not hear _________.

a) he, he, heb) him, him, himc) him, he, himd) he, him, hime) n.d.a.

45. (UFU) Those are Jane and Marc, this boat was __________ in 1987.01) my02) your04) our08) her16) their32) theirs

46. (FUVEST) That old lady lives on this street, that house over there is ...

01) her02) his04) mine08) hers16) their32) our

47. (UFB) That blond was with me in ____________ car last night.

01) mine02) ours04) theirs08) my16) hers32) her

48. (URS) That lollypop on the table over there is ____ _______.

01) mine02) our04) yours08) her16) their32) ours

VERB TO BE

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INGLÊSapostila 01



49. Complete each sentence using myself/yoursef etc with one of these verbs (in the correct form):

to blame to burn to cutto enjoy to express to hurt to put

a) George ____________ while he was shaving this morning.

b) Bill fell down some steps but fortunately he didn’t _______ badly.

c) It isn’t her fault. She really shouldn’t _________________.

d) Please try and understand how I feel. ______________ in my position.

e) They are having a great time. They are really __________.

f) Be careful! That pan is very hot. Don’t _______________.

Vocabulary is as important for a text comprehension as grammar (or more) and are created approximately 6 words a day in countries, which are spoken of English Language. So, man, don’t forget to study at least six words a day.

TEXT 07


(UFPR)

Why hurricanes hit in summer, early fall

June 1st is the official beginning of the Atlantic Ocean, Carib-bean Sea and Gulf of Mexico hurricane season because condi-tions are just becoming ripe for tropical storms and hurricanes. But most occur in August, September and October. Ocean water above 80 degrees F is needed for hurricanes to begin and keep up their strength. The mayor source of energy for hurricanes is the warm, extremely humid air above tropical oceans. As this air rises around the storm’s center and cools, its moisture condenses to form clouds and rain. Condensation releases latent heat and this heat powers hurricanes. If the layer of 80 – degree water isn’t at least 200 feet deep, a tropical storm could die before gaining hurricane strength. If a storm stirs up the ocean and brings up cool water, the storm will lose its power.

A hurricane begins in an area over a warm ocean where winds coming from different directions converge. As the winds come together the air is forced upwards. If the air is unstable, that is, if it has a tendency to continue rising once given an upward shove, a storm can begin growing. To have the needed supply of moisture, the air up to about 18,000 feet above the ocean needs to be humid. As this air is pulled into the storm it supplies even more energy.

The final ingredient needed for a disturbance to grow into a tropical storm and then a hurricane is an upper atmosphere high pressure area above the growing storm. The air in such high pressure areas is flowing outward. This helps push away

the air that’s rising in the storm, which encourages even more air to rise from the ground. A hurricane’s winds are caused by air near the ocean rushing inward to replace air that’s rising in the storm. A hurricane grows weaker when it moves over cool water or over land, which cuts off the supply of warm, humid air, which is the storm’s energy source.

Adapted from USA TODAY, June 6th 1999

Vocabulary:

hurricane: furacãomoisture: umidadeoutward: para fora

50. The text has information about:

01) why hurricanes are hard to forecast.02) what leads hurricanes to lose power.04) who studies hurricanes.08) the amount of damage brought about by hurricanes every

year.16) under which conditions hurricanes are formed.

51. For hurricanes to occur,

01) cool water has to be pulled into the storm.02) the ocean water temperature must be higher than 80

degrees F.04) the ocean must be stirred up and the cool water has to be

brought to the surface.08) the air in the area must be very humid.16) there must be a high pressure area in the upper atmosphere,

above the growing storm.

52. According to the text, a hurricane will not be formed or will lose power when

01) its supply of warm, humid air is cut off.02) winds from different directions converge on the area.04) it moves over land.08) cool water is brought up to the surface of the ocean.16) air in the center of the storm flows outward.


01) As the warm and humid air rises, its cools and condenses, forming clouds and rain.

02) Winds coming from different directions tend to dissipate hurricanes.

04) As the warm and humid air rises and then condenses, the hurricane grows weaker.

08) The warm air which rises around the center of the storm is pushed away at the top, where the air moves outward.

16) As the warm air rises in the storm, it pulls more air from below.

TEXT 08


(UEPG)

Teenage mothers enjoy parenthoodTeenage mothers in Britain enjoy bringing up babies



and believe youth makes them better parents, according to a study published today. Many young mothers thrive on the responsibilities of motherhood, saying it gives them a purpose in life and enables them “to give and receive unconditional love, often for the first time”. However, the young women need help to overcome difficult relationships with their own parents and the fathers of their children.

Although motherhood at a young age was not ideal, the study found young mothers surprisingly enthusiastic and able to cope with the problems that accompanied having a child.

Britain has the highest teenage pregnancy rate in Erope. Nearly one baby in 10 is born to a teenage mother, and 90,000 teenagers in England alone become pregnant each year. One in five of today’s teenagers will never marry and a quarter of all children will be born out of wedlock due to the decline in traditional family life.

(Adaptado de um artigo de Lorna Duckworth para o jornal The Indepen-dent em 14/2/2001)

Vocabulário

to thrive = dar-se bem, ser bem-sucedidoto cope with = enfrentar wedlock = matrimônio, casamento

54. De acordo com as informações contidas neste texto, que trata da maternidade de adolescentes na Grã-Bretanha, acompanha-da de projeções sobre a vida familiar, assinale o que for correto.

01) A Grã-Bretanha apresenta o maior índice de gravidez de adolescentes do mundo.

02) Aproximadamente, de cada dez bebês que nascem na Grã-Bretanha, um tem mãe adolescente.

04) Somente na Inglaterra, 90.000 adolescentes engravidam a cada ano.

08) A vida familiar tradicional está em declínio na Grã-Breta-nha.16) Na Grã-Bretanha, um quinto dos adolescentes de hoje

jamais se casará.32) Na Grã-Bretanha, em poucos anos, a maioria das crianças

não terá pais casados.

55. Com relação ao comportamento das mães adolescentes na Grã-Bretanha, de acordo com o texto, assinale o que for correto.

01) Mostram um surpreendente entusiasmo pela maternida-de.02) São capazes de enfrentar os problemas relacionados com

a maternidade.04) Acreditam que a juventude as faz melhores mães.08) Dizem que a maternidade dá um propósito às suas vidas.16) Dizem que a maternidade lhes permite dar e receber amor

incondicional, muitas vezes pela primeira vez.

56. Ainda a respeito do que o texto diz sobre mães adolescentes na Grã-Bretanha, seu comportamento e sua situação, assinale o que for correto. 01) O estudo de que o texto trata não considera a maternidade

de pessoas muito jovens como ideal. 02) As mães adolescentes tendem a ser possessivas. 04) Tipicamente, mães adolescentes são pessoas que não

conseguem estabelecer relações duradouras.08) As mães adolescentes geralmente têm dificuldades para

achar emprego.

16) A sociedade apóia e protege as mães adolescentes.32) As mães adolescentes precisam de ajuda para superar

relacionamentos difíceis com os seus pais e com os pais de seus filhos.

57.(CESGRANRIO) “Some air companies give small presents to their passengers. Most of them are presents for children.”In most of them, the personal pronoun them refers to:

a) the presents b) the air companiesc) the passengersd) the childrene) the air

58.(STA.CASA) Choose the correct alternative:It is important for each of _____ to understand the problem of alcohol.

a) web) us c) ourd) mee) they

59.(IME-RJ) The 9:15 bus to town never____ here it____ at this moment because an elderly woman____ the street.

a) stops – is stopping – crossesb) stop – is stopping – is crossingc) are stopping – stops – is crossingd) stops – is stopping – is crossing e) is stopping – stopped – crossed

60.(UNITAU) Assinale a alternativa correta.I know he’ll tell____ a different history.

a) theyb) hisc) yourd) wee) us

61.(ITA) This is _____ book, ____ belongs to me, the book is _________.

a) my – he – myb) my – it – mine c) mine – he – mined) my – it – here) mine – it – mine

VERB TO BE

16

INGLÊSapostila 01


62.(UFPR) In which of the following sentences is the verb used correctly?

(01) Does he enjoys working in films?(02) A film star is a well-known cinema actor or actress.(04) Television competes directly with the cinema.(08) It don’t take a long time to make a film.(16) Are you interested in the cinema?(32) People sometimes become emotionally involved with movie stars.

63.(VUNESP) Which team won the game? _______ team did.a) theirs b) theyc) their d) minee) yours

64.(PUC – PR) “Everybody in the world is seeking happiness and there is one sure way to find it. That is by controlling your thoughts”.Escolha a alternativa correta, de acordo com a sentença acima:

a) If you want to be happy, control your mind.b) Everybody is happy.c) Thoughts cannot be controlled.d) I want to find my way.e) The world is not happy.

65.(UFPR) Mr. And Mrs. Brown invited us to _____ house, and there we met a cousin of ______ .

a) their – hisb) his – hisc) our –herd) their – theirs e) her – hers

66.Which alternative is written correctly in the simple present tense?

a) Joseph is going to travel to the United States.b) Jack travels to the United States every year. c) Jane is traveling to the United States now.d) Is Joe traveling to the United States now?e) James is not travel to the United States.

67.(PUC-PR) Choose the correct alternative:

John studies in _______ room.I study in ______ room.You write in _____ copybook.We prepare ________ homework every day.

a) his – mine –your – our b) him- my – you - our

c) his – mine – yours – our d) his – my – your – our e) him – mine – yours – ours

68.(PUC-PR) Mark the right alternative to fill the blanks:Every morning he__________ up at 7 __________, ________ his teeth and ___________ breakfast ________the bus to school.

a) get, wash, brush, has, getsb) gets, washes, brushes, has getting c) gets, washs, brushs, have, getd) gets, washes, brushes, have, gettinge) get, washes, brushes, has, gets

69.(UFE-SC) _______many trees and rivers in this forest.

a) Hasb) There wasc) There are d) There ise) Have

70.(UNEB-BA) On each side _____ shelves filled with books.

a) there are b) there isc) there was d) there wasn’te) there isn’t

71.Choose the alternative that best completes the text below:“In spite of the evidences,_______ was hard for ______ to classify the disease as on outbreak. That is why doctors

said______ would probably delay releasing _____ serum.”

a) it – they – its – themb) they – it – them – its c) it – them – they – its d) they – it – its – theme) its – them – it – they

72.(MACK-SP) Complete: She likes both of ____, but ______ more than _______.

a) we – my – himb) us – I – himc) us – me – him d) us – me – me e) we – him – me

73.(UEL-PR - adaptada) “Paris is like the moon.____ is full of holes.” Said a taxi driver, complaining about the decrepit state of_____ roads, bridges and underground.

a) They - them b) It - itsc) It - usd) It – your e) He – his

74.(UEL-PR - adaptada) “London is like a piece of Gruyère cheese. ________ holes everywhere...”

a) is



TEXT 11

A imagem abaixo reproduz uma troca de mensagens eletrônicas entre uma mãe e seu filho

b) arec) there isd) there are e) have

75.(UFSC) Choose the grammatically correct alternatives to complete the blanks in the following sentences:Many people ________________coffee. They think coffee ______________them stay awake.

(01) like – makes (02) drink – can help(04) drink – won’t help (08) love – helps(16) has had – helps(32)don’t like – doesn’t help

TEXT 09

“If you believe in freedom of speech, you believe in freedom of speech for views you don’t like. Goebbels was in favor of freedom of speech for views he liked. So was Stalin. If you’re in favor of freedom of speech, that means you’re in favor of freedom of speech precisely for views you despise.”

76.(UNICAMP – 2015) O autor do texto:

a) despreza os que restringem a liberdade de expressãob) critica os excessos da liberdade de expressãoc) critica a falta de liberdade de expressãod) defende a liberdade de expressão sem restrições

77.(UNICAMP – 2015) O texto anuncia um: a) curso on-line e presencial que oferece uma metodologia para ajudar a definir quais alimentos deverão ser consumidos no futuro.b) curso on-line que oferece uma metodologia para minimizar riscos no consumo de alimentos no futuro. c) curso on-line e presencial que oferece uma metodologia para construção de cenários futuros sobre consumo de alimentos. d) curso presencial que oferece uma metodologia para ajudar as pessoas a comerem melhor no futuro. e) n.d.a

78.(UNICAMP – 2014) Depreende-se dessa troca de mensagens que:

a) a mãe ficou satisfeita com a resposta dada pelo filho à pergunta que ela lhe fez.b) o filho não entendeu a pergunta feita a ele por sua mãe.c) a mãe não foi capaz de interpretar adequadamente a resposta do seu filho.d) o filho se dispôs a responder à pergunta feita pela mãe mais tarde.

TEXT 10

The Future of Food

SCENARIO PLANNING TRAINING

In 2030...What will we eat?

Where will our food come from?Will we all have enough?

Using the global system as a backdrop, expert scenario practitioners will help you apply the methodology that systematically imagines multiple futures and their risks and

opportunities.

START ONLINE, THEN COME TO STANFORD UNIVERSITYApplication deadline AUGUST 3, 2015

Online content opens August 10, 2015Onsite Immersion at Stanford Sept.28-Oct. 1, 2015

Apply now at WORLDVIEW.STANFORD.EDU

SPACE LIMITED TO 32 PARTICIPANTS(Adaptado de Stanford Magazine, July/August 2015, p.3.)

TEXT 12

Mr. Day was a teacher at a school in a big city in the north of England. He usually went to France or Germany for a few weeks during his summer holidays, and he spoke French and German quite well. But one year Mr. Day said to one of his friends, “I’m going to have a holiday in Athens. But I don’t speak Greek, so I’ll go to evening classes and have Greek lessons for a month before I go.”

He studied very hard for a month, and then 10 holidays began

VERB TO BE

18

INGLÊSapostila 01


and he went to Greece. When he came back a few weeks later, his friend said to him, “Did you have any trouble with your Greek when you were in Athens, Dick?” “No, I didn’t have any trouble with it,” answered Mr. Day. “But the Greeks did!”

(SOURCE: L. A. Hill. Elementary Stories for Reproduction, 1977.)

79.(VUNESP – 2014) A primeira frase do texto poderia ser expressa no presente, sem alterar o sentido do texto, como:

a) Mr. Day is a teacher at a school in a big city in the north of England.b) Mr. Day were a teacher at a school in a big city in the north of England.c) Mr. Day has a teacher at a school in a big city in the north of England.d) Mr. Day had a teacher at a school in a big city in the north of England.e) Mr. Day is going to be a teacher at a school in a big city in the north of England.

TEXT 13

I. On the hunt for a good read? Try a new romance

Dark Deeds by Anne Marie Becker. Book 4, Mindhunters. Walking away from sexy Detective Diego Sandoval ................... one of ................... things security specialist Becca Haney ever had to do, but when he’s assigned to help keep her safe from a human trafficking ring and an admirer ................... only as “the Fan,”, he’s determined to stay by her side and learn about the woman behind the passion – scars and all.

(SOURCE: USA TODAY)

II. NSA Program

President Obama has outlined a slimmer version of the NSA program that ................... data from millions of Americans’ phone calls in a proposal that ................... phone companies to hold the records, but mandates law enforcement to win a secretive court’s approval to search them.

(SOURCE: TIMES MAGAZINE)

80.(UniCEUB – 2014/ ADAPTED) Fill in the blanks with the appropriate alternative of verbs:

a) I. was/ the toughest/ known; II. collects / allowsb) I. were/ toughest/ known; II. collected/ allowc) I. were/ the toughest/ knew; II. collects/ allowsd) I. was/ tougher/ know; II. collect/ allowede) I. are/ tougher/ know; II. colects/ alows

TEXT 14

CAPÍTULO IV

Este Quincas Borba, se acaso me fizeste o favor de ler as Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas, é aquele mesmo náufrago

da existência, que ali aparece, mendigo, herdeiro inopinado, e inventor de uma filosofia. Aqui o tens agora em Barbacena. Logo que chegou, enamorou-se de uma viúva, senhora de condição mediana e parcos meios de vida; mas, tão acanhada, que os suspiros no namorado ficavam sem eco. Chamava-se Maria da Piedade. Um irmão dela, que é o presente Rubião, fez todo o possível para casá-los. Piedade resistiu, um pleuris a levou. Foi esse trechozinho de romance que ligou os dois homens. Saberia Rubião que o nosso Quincas Borba trazia aquele grãozinho de sandice, que um médico supôs achar-lhe? Seguramente, não; tinha-o por homem esquisito. É, todavia, certo que o grãozinho não se despegou do cérebro de Quincas Borba, — nem antes, nem depois da moléstia que lentamente o comeu. Quincas Borba tivera ali alguns parentes, mortos já agora em 1867; o último foi o tio que o deixou por herdeiro de seus bens. Rubião ficou sendo o único amigo do filósofo. Regia então uma escola de meninos, que fechou para tratar do enfermo. Antes de professor, metera ombros a algumas empresas, que foram a pique. Durou o cargo de enfermeiro mais de cinco meses, perto de seis. Era real o desvelo de Rubião, paciente, risonho, múltiplo, ouvindo as ordens do médico, dando os remédios às horas marcadas, saindo a passeio com o doente, sem esquecer nada, nem o serviço da casa, nem a leitura dos jornais, logo que chegava a mala da Corte ou a de Ouro Preto. — Tu és bom, Rubião, suspirava Quincas Borba. — Grande façanha! Como se você fosse mau! A opinião ostensiva do médico era que a doença do Quincas Borba iria saindo devagar. Um dia, o nosso Rubião, acompanhando o médico até à porta da rua, perguntou-lhe qual era o verdadeiro estado do amigo. Ouviu que estava perdido, completamente perdido; mas, que o fosse animando. Para que tornar-lhe a morte mais aflitiva pela certeza...? — Lá isso, não, atalhou Rubião; para ele, morrer é negócio fácil. Nunca leu um livro que ele escreveu, há anos, não sei que negócio de filosofia... — Não; mas filosofia é uma coisa, e morrer de verdade é outra; adeus. (FONTE: ASSIS, Machado de. Quincas Borba. São Paulo: Ática, 2011. p. 23-24.)

In Text #14, most of the verbs in Portuguese are conjugated in the past tense, such as “chegou”, “enamorou-se” e “resistiu”. Complete the following text using the correct past tense conjugation of the verbs in parenthesis in English: Last night Susan (go) ____________ to her friend’s birthday party. She (dance) ____________ with her boyfriend, and (eat) ____________ cake. After they (leave) ____________ the party, Susan and her boyfriend (decide) ____________ to go and watch a movie at the theater. They (see) ____________ the new Transformer’s movie, and then they went home. When she (get) ____________ home, Susan (take) ____________ a shower and (fall) ____________ asleep quickly.

81.(PUCGO - 2015) Choose the correct option from the ones listed below:

a) go / dance / eat / leave / decide / see / get / take / fallb) went / danced / ate / left / decided / saw / got / took / fellc) will go / will dance / will eat / will leave / will decide / will see / will get / will take / will falld) had gone / had danced / had eaten / had left / had decided / had seen / had gotten / had taken / had fallen



TEXT 15

Read the text below and answer to questions 82-85

As growth slows in wealthy countries, Western food companies are aggressively expanding in developing nations, contributing to obesity and health problems. FORTALEZA, Brazil — Children’s squeals rang through the muggy morning air as a woman pushed a gleaming white cart along pitted, trash-strewn streets. She was making deliveries to some of the poorest households in this seaside city, bringing pudding, cookies and other packaged foods to the customers on her sales route. Celene da Silva, 29, is one of thousands of door-to-door vendors for Nestlé, helping the world’s largest packaged food conglomerate expand its reach into a quarter-million households in Brazil’s farthestflung corners. As she dropped off variety packs of Chandelle pudding, Kit-Kats and Mucilon infant cereal, there was something striking about her customers: Many were visibly overweight, even small children. She gestured to a home along her route and shook her head, recalling how its patriarch, a morbidly obese man, died the previous week. “He ate a piece of cake and died in his sleep,” she said. Mrs. da Silva, who herself weighs more than 200 pounds, recently discovered that she had high blood pressure, a condition she acknowledges is probably tied to her weakness for fried chicken and the Coca-Cola she drinks with every meal, breakfast included. Nestlé’s direct-sales army in Brazil is part of a broader transformation of the food system that is delivering Western style processed food and sugary drinks to the most isolated pockets of Latin America, Africa and Asia. As their growth slows in the wealthiest countries, multinational food companies like Nestlé, PepsiCo and General Mills have been aggressively expanding their presence in developing nations, unleashing a marketing juggernaut that is upending traditional diets from Brazil to Ghana

to India. A New York Times examination of corporate records, epidemiological studies and government reports — as well as interviews with scores of nutritionists and health experts around the world — reveals a sea change in the way food is produced, distributed and advertised across much of the globe. The shift, many public health experts say, is contributing to a new epidemic of diabetes and heart disease, chronic illnesses that are fed by soaring rates of obesity in places that struggled with hunger and malnutrition just a generation ago. The new reality is captured by a single, stark fact: Across the world, more people are now obese than underweight. At the same time, scientists say, the growing availability of high-calorie, nutrient-poor foods is generating a new type of malnutrition, one in which a growing number of people are both overweight and undernourished. “The prevailing story is that this is the best of all possible worlds — cheap food, widely available. If you don’t think about it too hard, it makes sense,” said Anthony Winson,

who studies the political economics of nutrition at the University of Guelph in Ontario. A closer look, however, reveals a much different story, he said. “To put it in stark terms: The diet is killing us.” Even critics of processed food acknowledge that there are multiple factors in the rise of obesity, including genetics, urbanization, growing incomes and more sedentary lives. Nestlé

executives say their products have helped alleviate hunger, provided crucial nutrients, and that the company has squeezed salt, fat and sugar from thousands of items to make them healthier. But Sean Westcott, head of food research and development at Nestlé, conceded obesity has been an unexpected side effect of making inexpensive processed food more widely available. “We didn’t expect what the impact would be,” he said. Part of the problem, he added, is a natural tendency for people to overeat as they can afford more food. Nestlé, he said, strives to educate consumers about proper portion size and to make and market foods that balance “pleasure and nutrition.” There are now more than 700 million obese people worldwide, 108 million of them children, according to research published recently in The New England Journal of Medicine. The prevalence of obesity has doubled in 73 countries since 1980, contributing to four million premature deaths, the study found.

By ANDREW JACOBS and MATT RICHTEL (SOURCE: The New York Times SEPT. 16, 2017 https://www.nytimes.com)

82.(UECE/CEV - 2017) According to the text, the huge change in the way food is produced and distributed worldwide is one of the reasons for the:

a) thousands of premature deaths in India.b) use of crucial nutrients in popular foods. c) healthy diet in isolated pockets in Africa.d) increase of chronic diseases, like diabetes.

83.(UECE/CEV - 2017) Nowadays there is a new kind of malnutrition, and scientists believe it is caused by:

a) foods that are rich in calories and poor in nutrients. b) popular drinks and hamburgers.c) the use of salt and gluten in processed food.d) bad advice from scores of nutritionists

84.(UECE/CEV - 2017) Among the multiple factors that contribute to the increase of obesity, the text includes:

a) the big size of sandwiches and hamburgers.b) many hours in front of the TV screen.c) the intake of beer, peanut butter, and potato chips.d) urbanization and sedentarism.

85. The text mentions that some multinational food companies have:

a) been worried about undernourished children. b) increased their presence in developing countries.c) sent chocolate cookies to poor households in Asia.d) hired thousands of door-to-door vendors in Mexico.

VERB TO BE

20

INGLÊSapostila 01


J. K. Rowling to pen first novel for adults

TEXT 16

“Author J. K. Rowling has announced plans to publish her first novel for adults, which will be “very different” from the Harry Potter books she is famous for.The book will be published worldwide although no date or title has yet been released. “The freedom to explore new territory is a gift that Harry’s success has brought me,” Rowling said.All the Potter books were published by Bloomsbury, but Rowling has chosen a new publisher for her debut into adult fiction. “Although I’ve enjoyed writing it every bit as much, my next book will be very different to the Harry Potter series, which has been published so brilliantly by Bloomsbury and my other publishers around the world,” she said, in a statement. “I’m delighted to have a second publishing home in Little, Brown, and a publishing team that will be a great partner in this new phase of my writing life.”

Disponível em: www.bbc.co.uk. Acesso em: 24 fev. 2012 (adaptado).

86. J.K. Rowling tornou-se famosa por seus livros sobre o bruxo Harry Potter e suas aventuras, adaptados para o cinema. Esse texto, que aborda a trajetória da escritora britânica, tem por objetivo a) informar que a famosa série Harry Potter será adaptada para o público adulto. b) divulgar a publicação do romance por J. K. Rowling inteiramente para adultos.c) promover a nova editora que irá publicar os próximos livros de J. K. Rowling.d) informar que a autora de Harry Potter agora pretende escrever para adultos.e) anunciar o novo livro da série Harry Potter publicado por editora diferente.

87. The prepositions “ALTHOUGH” and “YET” in the second paragraph can be correctly substituted by the following without changing its real meaning:

a)moreover/ neitherb) though/ alreadyc) through/ eitherd) tough/ stille) throughout/ thorough

88. Indique “V” para VERDADEIRO e “F” para FALSO em cada

uma das questões abaixo de acordo com o texto:

I. A palavra FREEDOM pode ser substituída por LIBERTY sem mudar o sentido do contexto.II. A frase, (…)“Although I’ve enjoyed writing it every bit as much, my next book will be very different to the Harry Potter series (...)” indica o tempo verbal SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECT.III. A palavra SUCCESS pode ser substituída por BREAKTHROUGH sem mudar o sentido do contexto.

a) V, F, Fb) F, F, Fc) V, V, Vd) F, V, Ve) V, F, V

TEXT 17

I, too

I, too, sing America.I am the darker brother.They send me to eat in the kitchenWhen company comes,But I laugh,And eat well,And grow strong.Tomorrow,I’ll be at the tableWhen company comes.Nobody’ll dareSay to me,“Eat in the kitchen,”Then.Besides,They’ll see how beautiful I amAnd be ashamed.I, too, am America.

HUGHES, L. In: RAMPERSAD, A.; ROESSEL, D. (Ed.). The collected poems of Langston Hughes. New York; Knopf, 1994.

89. Langston Hughes foi um poeta negro americano que viveu no século XX e escreveu I, too em 1932. No poema, a personagem descreve uma prática racista que provoca nela um sentimento de:

a) vergonha, pelo retraimento. b) coragem, pela superação. c) compreensão, pela aceitação. d) superioridade, pela arrogância. e) resignação, pela submissão.

90. Outra forma correta de escrever a frase “Nobody´ll dare (...)”, seria:

a) “Nobody will dare (...)”b) “People won´t dare (...)”c) “Nobody is to dare (...)”d) “No person will dare (...)”e) A, B and D are correct



91. Fill in the blanks with the most correct future tense in the sentences below: A: She is standing a the edge of the cliff. She _______________ to fall. B: You ______________ have to pay a fine if you don´t pay your taxes. When _____________ they be due by? C: “When the Power of love overcomes the love of POWER, the world _____________ know peace.” ? (Jimi Hendrix) i) is going to, will, will, willii) is going to, will, are they going to, will iii) will, will, will, williv) is going to, going to, will, willv) goes, are going to, will, will

92. Going to universities seems do reduce the risk of dying from coronary heart disease. An American study that involved 10 000 patients from around the world has found that people who leave school before the age of 16 are five times more likely to to suffer a heart attack and die than university graduates.

(Disponível em: World Report News. Magazine Speak Up. Ano XIV, nº 170. Editora Camelot, 2001.)

Em relação às pesquisas, a utilização da expressão university graduates evidencia a intenção de informar que:

a) As doenças do coração atacam dez mil pacientes. b) As doenças do coração ocorrem na faixa dos dezesseis anos. c) As pesquisas sobre doenças são divulgadas no meio acadêmico.d) Jovens americanos são alertados dos riscos de doenças do coração. e) Maior nível de estudo reduz riscos de ataques do coração.

TEXT 18

War

Until the philosophy which holds one race superior And another inferiorIs finally and permanently discredited and abandoned. Everywhere is war - We may say is war. That until there is no longer First class and second class citizens of any nation, Until the color of a man´s skinIs of no longer significance than the color of his eyes – We may say war. [...]And until the ignoble and unhappy regimes that hold our brothers in Angola, in Mozambique, South Africa, sub-human bondage have been toppled, Utterly destroyed, - Well, everywhere is war - We may say war.

War in the east, war in the West, War up north, war down South – War – war – Rumors of war.And unti that day, the African continente will not know peace.We, Africans, will figh – we find it necessary – And we know we shall winAs we are confidente in the victory.[...]

(MARLEY, B. Disponível em http://www.sing365.com. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2011 (fragmentado).

93. Bob Marley foi um artista popular e atraiu muitos fãs com suas canções. Ciente de sua influência social, na música War, o cantor se utiliza de sua arte para alertar sobre:

a) A inércia do continente africano diante das injustiças sociais. b) A persistência da guerra enquanto houver diferenças raciais e sociais. c) As acentuadas diferenças culturais entre os países africanos. d) As discrepâncias sociais entre moçambicanos e angolanos como causa conflitos.e) A fragilidade das diferenças raciais e sociais como justificativas para início de uma guerra.

VERB TO BE

22

INGLÊSapostila 01


GABARITO

01 36 11 21

02 18 12 41

03 114 13 38

04 19 14 33

05 52 15 11

06 B 16 *

07 C 17 *

08 A 18 *

09 D 19 *

10 C 20 *

81 B

82 D

83 A

84 D

85 B

86 D

87 B

88 E

89 B

90 E

91 A

92 E

93 B

21 * 31 *

22 * 32 *

23 C 33 67

24 E 34 40

25 D 35 49

26 D 36 A

27 * 37 62

28 * 38 58

29 * 39 *

30 * 40 *

41 A 51 26

42 C 52 13

43 C 53 25

44 C 54 30

45 32 55 31

46 08 56 33

47 40 57 A

48 37 58 B

49 * 59 D

50 18 60 E

61 B 71 C

62 54 72 C

63 C 73 B

64 A 74 D

65 D 75 43

66 B 76 D

67 D 77 C

68 E 78 C

69 C 79 A

70 A 80 A

TESTS



RESPOSTAS16.a) areb) arec) ared) ise) isf) areg) ish) arei) isj) are

17.a) wereb) wasc) wered) weree) wasf) wereg) wereh) wasi) wasj) were

18.a) Is/ isb) arec) wasd) were/ wase) were/ wasf) will be/ will beg) wash) are/ am/ will bei) were/ arej) were/ were

19.a) isb) arec) ared) aree) isf) isg) ish) are

20.a) I s s h e d o i n g h e r

exercises now? She is not (isn’t) doing

her exercises now.b) Is her mother very busy

today? Her mother is not (isn’t)

very busy today.c) Will he be with us next

month? He will not (won’t) be with

us next month.

d) Was it a pleasent day? It was not (wasn’t) a pleasant

day.e) Were they in London a

month ago? They were not (weren’t) in

London a month ago.

21.a) they were.b) she wasn’t.c) it isn’t.d) I am.e) it wasf) she isn’t.g) I wasn’t.h) he will.i) they won’t.j) they are.

22. a) wereb) There isc) there will bed) There wase) there isf) There would beg) there ish) There arei) There were (there will be)

27.a) speaksb) drinkc) opens - closesd) causese) livef) take place

28.a) dressesb) talksc) playsd) goe) dof) returng) eats h) worksi) come

29.a) takesb) goc) comed) washes e) workf) lovesg) eat

30.a) I suggestb) I promisec) I insistd) I apologizee) I recommend

31. a) is barkingb) are writingc) is sittingd) is waitinge) are listeningf) are prayingg) are flyingh) is givingi) Are / living

32.a) Is it beginning to rain? It is not (isn’t) beginning to

rain. b) Are my parents taking a

walk outside? My parents are not (aren’t)

taking a walk outside.c) Is Helen taking guitar les-

sons? Helen is not (isn’t) taking

guitar lessons.d) Am I doing my best to pass

at the University? I am not doing my best to

pass at the University.

39.a) hisb) myc) itd) herse) his/ yours

40. a) herselfb) mec) myselfd) use) yourselff) youg) ourselvesh) themselvesi) them

49.a) cut himselfb) hurt himselfc) blame herself

d) put yourselfe) enjoying themselvesf) burn yourself

Documents

Affirmative Negative Interrogative · Tendo um verbo auxiliar na sua estrutura (TO BE), a forma interrogativa ocorre pela simples inversão entre o auxiliar e o sujeito, e a forma