Age-Related Identification of Emotions at Different

Image Sizes

學生：董瑩蟬

Purpose

• This paper main purpose to investigated the age different with reaction time and accuracy.

• They want to know the different size that effect the accuracy and reaction time.

Reference• The older adults has worse visual acuity.

(Fozard et al., 2001)

• Mather and Carstensen (2003) showed that the older adults were slower to identify the location. When presented in the same location as a negative facial expression.

• Malatesta et al. (1987) found that older adults were less ability to identify emotions than younger adults.

Method

• Participants– Three groups, each group has 20 person.– Younger (M=23 years), middle (M=49 years)

and older (M=71 years)– All participant required to finish Mini Mental

Status Examination, and the test score more than 27 points that were permitted to participate.

Method

• Equipment– Microsoft paint– Telephonics on the Earscan MP Pure Tone A

udionmeter: hearing test – Corrective Lenses: vision test– 17-inch CRT monitor: emotion identification ta

sk– E-Prime: collect accuracy and response

Method• Process

– The first day required to test group-administered of perceptual and psychomotor speed, working and long-term memory functioning, spatial and verbal reasoning ability and general knowledge measures.

– Second day, the first test was hearing and vision

– Participants finished the emotion identification task

Method

• Emotion identification task– Each trial present name of emotion with

capital for 2 seconds– Next the picture present until participant

respond – The subjects feel the name and picture match

that to press the slash(/) key and press the Z not match

Method

• Design– Age (three levels)– Picture size

• Small : 2.1 × 2.7 cm• Medium :4.1 × 5.5 cm• Large :8.2 × 10.9 cm

– Emotion : happy, sad, angry, disgust, fear, surprise (frome Ekman and Friesen, 1976)

Result-accuracy

Result-accuracy• The size has significant different on

accuracy. (F(2,114)=3.225, p=0.04)

• There were interaction with age × emotion. (F(10,285)=1.907,p=0.04)

• Figure l showed that the angry accuracy was significant lower than other emotion average accuracy. (F(1,57)=224.207, P<0.001)

Result-accuracy

• Older significant worse than younger– Fearful F(1,57)=11.040, P=0.002– Sad F(1,57)=9.785, P=0.003– Surprise F(1,57)=8.980, P=0.004

• Older significant different with middle– Sad F(1,57)=14.947, P<0.001– Fearful F(1,57)=11.561, P=0.001

Result-reaction time

Result-reaction time

• The emotion has significant different with reaction time. Happy A

Sad B

Surprised B

Fearful BC

Disgusted CD

Angry D

Result-reaction time

• There were interaction of age and sized. (F(5,235)=29.492,p<0.001)

• The older reaction time significantly slower at small sizes. (F(1,57)=14.367, P<0.001).

Discussion

• Older adults identified negative emotions that less accurately than younger adults. This result different from Calder et al.(2003). The multiple-choice aspect of the task allowed superior performance on these faces because of a cancellation strategy.

Conclusion

• The older adults tended to show worse accuracy than the other age groups.

• The small size performance were worse at all age groups.

• The reaction time only for older adults showed worse performance on small size.

• All age groups were short time in happy emotions and slowest in angry.