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Submitted to : Submitted by :

AthmA PriyA S.S. Ajin m. AnAnd

Lecturer in chArge reg no : 13384001

Sri VidyAdhirAjA modeL coLLege oF teAcher educAtion

ENGLISH GRAMMAR

PARTS OF SPEECH

INTRODUCTIONIn grammar, a part of speech is a linguistic category of words which is generally defined by the

syntactic or morphological behavior of the lexical item in question. Common linguistic categories include noun and verb, among others. There are open word classes, which constantly acquire new members, and close word classes, which acquire new members infrequently if at all.

Traditional grammar classifies words based on eight parts of speech

1. The verb,

2. The noun,

3. The pronoun,

4. The adjective,

5. The adverb,

6. The preposition,

7. The conjunction and

8. The interjection.

DESCRIPTIONNOUN

A noun is a word that names a person, place, a thing, or an idea.

Examples : PEN, LONDON, TOWN, TEACHER

VERB

A verb asserts something about the subject of the sentence and express actions, events, or states of being.

Examples : (to) be, have, do, like, work, sing, can, must

ADJECTIVE

An adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun by describing, identifying, or quantifying words. An adjective usually precedes the noun or the pronoun which it modifies.

Examples: a/an, the, some, good, big, red, well, interesting.

ADVERB

An adverb can modify a verb, an adjective, another adverb, a phrase , or a clause. An adverb indicates manner, time, place, cause, or degree and answers questions such as “how”, “when”, “where”, “how much”

Examples : quickly, silently, well, badly, very, really.

PRONOUN

A pronoun can replace a noun or another pronoun. Using pronouns like “he”, “which”, “none”, and “you” to make your sentences less cumbersome and less repetitive.

Examples : I, you, he, she, some.

PREPOSITION

A Preposition links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence, the word or phrase that the preposition introduces is called the object of the preposition.

Examples: to, at after, on, but.

Conjunction

A conjunction is a part of speech that connects two words, sentences, phrases or clauses.

Examples: and, but, when.

Interjection

An interjection is a word added to a sentence to convey emotion. It is not grammatically related to any other parts of the sentence

Examples : oh!, ouch!, hi!, well.

CONCLUSIONAlthough these are the traditional eight English parts

of speech, modern linguists have been able to classify English words into even more specific categories and sub-categories based on functions. The four main parts of speech in English, namely nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs, are labeled form classes as well. This is because prototypical members of each class share the ability to change their form by accepting derivational or inflectional morphemes.

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