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ALARM
Property Risk Engineering for the Public Sector
January 2006
Derick MilnerSenior Risk Engineer
Property Division
Risk Engineering Identification of risk - (vital first stage)
Evaluate risk- (evaluation of frequency & severity)
Accept the risk – (residual risk considered OK)
Transfer risk consequences – (contractual)
Elimination of risk - (risk avoidance or transfer)
Control of risk - (reduce risk or provide protection):-
Management of Risk Housekeeping, Permit to WorkSelf Inspection, Smoking etc.
Physical Risk Control Sprinklers, Fire Alarms, CCTV Construction, Fencing etc.
Loss Statistics - The UK Arson Problem?
£0
£10,000,000
£20,000,000
£30,000,000
£40,000,000
£50,000,000
£60,000,000
Source - FPA
October 2003 to September 2004
Add these?
Loss Statistics – Local Authority Type Risks
10/03 to 9/04 No % Loss Amount %
Education 18 11.39% £29,002,250 14.61%
Local/National Government 14 8.86% £16,475,430 8.30%
Community Centre 4 2.53% £2,005,000 1.01%
Care Home 1 0.63% £405,000 0.20%
Library 1 0.63% £5,500,000 2.77%
Other 120 75.95% £145,137,948 73.11%
Total 158 100.00% £198,525,628 100.00%
Local Authority Type Risks 38 24.05% £53,387,680 26.89%
Source FPA – reported losses over £250,000
Risk Engineering – Key Risk Areas
Arson & Malicious Damage
Hot Work fires (and contractor control)
Housekeeping issues
Smoking related fires
Electrical fires
Cooking
Risk Engineering – Arson
Roll top wheelie bin
Cardiff City Centre
A common sight?
Consider fire spread to facilities from external storage
Risk Engineering – Arson
Discussion
Key Protection Issues
Denial of access – security / surveillance Perimeter Security CCTV Lighting Guarding Intruder Alarm Limit external fuel – keep away from buildings Fire Protection – alarms, sprinklers, construction etc.
Risk Engineering – Arson
Community Centre(disused)
Unused & partly boarded up
Evidence of entry to building
Risk Engineering – Arson
Community Centre(disused)
Internal Photo
Large quantity of combustible items present.
Risk Engineering – Arson
Community Centre(disused)
Malicious damage &
Arson potential :
VERY HIGH
• Security• Weekly Inspections• Remove fuel• Isolate services unless for alarm etc
Risk Engineering – Hot Work Permit
Discussion
Key Points
Applicable to both own employees and contractors Welding, Braising, Grinding, Cutting, Tar Burners etc. Applicable to work undertaken outside of a designated workshop Issued for Maximum 1-shift Remove combustibles from immediate area Provide specific fire fighting equipment Fire watch – minimum 1-hour after work ceases
Designated person responsible to manage the system
Risk Engineering – Hot Work Permit
Risk Engineering – Contractor Control
Contractors cabin next to glazed windows.
Combustible construction.
Controls?Supervision?
Risk Engineering – Contractor Control
Inside contractors cabin.
Fire inception hazard :
VERY HIGH
Fire spread risk:
VERY HIGH
Risk Engineering – Housekeeping
Discussion who is responsible? cause & effect?how can we improve?
Self-Inspection!
Responsibility cascade to local management Engage and involve all building users Formalised process Cross department checks / audits Checklist form for ease of use Rectification feedback loop
Engender Risk Ownership at site level
Risk Engineering – Self-Inspection
Simple tick box approach
Quick and easy to use
Minimal training required
Positive results
Risk Engineering – Housekeeping
Poor housekeeping.
Items also blocking easy access to hose-reel and sprinkler valvesets.
Fire escape blocking?
Risk Engineering – Housekeeping
Poor housekeeping.
Workshop store area.
General untidieness and spilled oils.
Risk Engineering – Smoking
Discussion
Key Points
Still a major cause of fires Site ban vs Designated smoking areas Disposal of smoking material Formulate policy rules Audit effectiveness of policy
Disciplinary Procedures for infringement
Risk Engineering – Electrical
Discussion
Key Points
Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 (EAWR) IEE – BS7671
Periodic Inspection & Testing – by competent person Visual examination (prior to testing) Testing Periodic Inspection Reports & Certification Rectification of faults
NICEIC approved contractors recommended (National Inspection Council for Electrical Installation Contracting)
Risk Engineering – Electrical
Recommended Initial Frequencies of Inspection (extract)
Type of installation Maximum period between inspections & testing (years)
GeneralEducational 5Hospitals 5Residential Accomodation 5Offices 5Laboratories 5
Buildings open to public
Cinemas 3Church 5Leisure complex 3Places of public entertainment
3
Theatres 3Village Hall / Community Centre
5
Special InstallationsSwimming Pool 1Fire Alarms 1
Risk Engineering – Electrical
Thermographic Surveys
Non-invasive / non-contact diagnostic tool for checking ‘Hot Spots’ on electrical equipment.
Risk Engineering – Electrical
Common fault found on 13Amp plug.
Risk Engineering – Electrical
Who needs a plug anyway?
Contractors extension lead and ‘plug’.
Risk Engineering – Cooking
Deep fat frying
Grease build up in extract ducting
Need to consider following:
•Filter cleaning•Extract duct deep cleaning•Fixed suppression system•Power / fuel emergency shut down•Staff training
Risk Engineering – Cooking
Deep fat frying
Resultant fires are difficult to tackle manually.
Extract duct-work is a route for fire spread and can result in extensive loss.
Risk Engineering – Protection
FEA A B C D Elect. F
Water Foam CO2 Wet Chemical Dry Powder
Fire Type
Portable Fire Extinguishers
Are extinguishers located in accessible positions? Is the correct type of extinguisher available?
Have staff received training / instruction in use?
Risk Engineering – ProtectionAutomatic Fire Detection
Different types of detector for different environment
Recommend P1 / P2 type systems to BS
Offsite signalling to approved Alarm Receiving Centre
Recommend monitored BT RedCare Line
Break Glass manual call points
Fire alarms will notify you in the event of an activation and summon fire brigade where offsite signalling installed.
Risk Engineering – Sprinklers
Automatic Sprinklers
Fixed automatic sprinklers provide an excellent means of controlling fire growth and have a proven track record of significantly reducing fire losses.
Sprinkler systems should be installed to recognised standard:
BS5306 Part 2 & LPC Tech Bulletins
prEN12845 & LPC Tech Bulletins
Risk Engineering – Sprinklers
Fire brigades use up to 10,000 times more water to do same job as sprinklers.
99% of fires in sprinklered buildings controlled by sprinklers alone.
60% of fires in sprinklered buildings were controlled by 4 sprinklers or less.
Accidental discharge of water according to LPC is 1 in 500,000 per year of service (1 in 14m for manufacturing defects – LPC & FM)
Automatic SprinklersKey Facts – from British Automatic Sprinkler Association (basa)
Risk Engineering – Sprinklers Sprinklers in Schools
Relatively straightforward for a new build
Retrofitting to existing schools requires careful planning to reduce disruption
Malicious damage can be reduced by: Using concealed heads – above flush fitting ceiling plate Installing heads above an open grid suspended ceiling Installing any pumps and valvesets in a secure area Fitting protective guards to heads
Experience with sprinklers in schools very positive
Risk Engineering – Sprinklers
Metal guard protector on sprinkler head
Guard successfully prevented the head from being damaged and causing water damage
Risk Engineering – Sprinklers
Worcester CC Report dated April 2004
Quote From – ‘Sprinklers in Schools & Other Council Buildings’
Conclusion (Key Findings)
“Sprinklers are an important safeguard. Installing sprinklers is
therefore worthwhile, providing that the costs are contained
and measured against risk. Further consideration needs to be
given to existing measures and levels of training to relevant
staff.”
Risk Engineering
AIG is committed to providing risk management and consulting products and services that make a difference for our customers and business partners.
ISO9001:2000 accredited
ALARM
Thank You
Derick Milner
Senior Risk Engineering
Property Division