Amelia Earhart4

5/26/2018 Amelia Earhart4

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ZRENJANIN GRAMMAR SCHOOL

ZRENJANIN

GRADUATION PAPER

SUBJECT:ENGLISH

THEME: AMELIA EARHART

TEACHER-MENTOR STUDENT

Senka Stojakovic Ana Vujanov IV1

April,2011


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Introduction:

I am very fascinated with women who try to do something new and

unusual. In her whole life Amelia Earhart was trying to achieve goals

that were reserved only for men. I think she was a great woman who

was a female pioneer in aviation. In my Graduation Paper,I would like

to present you Amelias life from her childhood till her mysterious

disappearance.


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Contents:

Introduction.. 2

Childhood Story of Amelia Earhart5

Amelia's first "flight"6

Education.6

Amelia and planes.8

First air shows. .9

The first woman to fly the Atlantic.9

Fashion..10

Celebrity image12

George P. Putnam -Amelia's Husband13

First woman to receive the Distinguished Flying Cross.14


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First person to fly solo between Hawaii and California .15

Amelia Earhart as an Aviator....16

Final Flight..16

Theories18

Movies and television .19

Fun Facts about Amelia Earhart..20

Conclusion..22

Reference 23


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Childhood Story of Amelia Earhart

Amelia Earhart was born on July 24, 1897 in Kansas. She was a daughter

of Edwin and Amy Earhart. She spent her childhood with her

grandmother and grandfather, because her father, although a well-educated man, was in great debts. There, in Atchison, she enjoyed in a

family atmosphere of the small place. Amelia learned to read at the age

of five. She was very intelligent and curious. But her grandmother was

timid, and didnt approve some of Amelia's tomboy tendencies, like

pony-riding, tree-climbing, snow-sledding, and hunting activities. Her

parents were only 50 miles away, and she summered with them, so she

remained close to them during these years.

Amelia attended a private college preparatory school, where, although

she loved to read, she sometimes got into trouble as a result of her

independent nature. Her mother and younger sister, Muriel, often

came to Atchison to visit her, but she didnt see her father very often

during these years. The Earhart family moved to Des Moines, Iowa,

when Amelia was in the seventh grade.

Her childhood activities suggested she would lead an active adulthood.

While the social standards of the time held that young girls should


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behave in a genteel and ladylike fashion, young Amelia was interested

in adventure. She recalled being fascinated by mechanical things, and

she once designed a trap to catch stray chickens. As the daughter of a

railroad employee, she traveled often and thus "discovered thefascination of new people and new places." She also realized early that

boys were under fewer constraints than girls and questioned why. She

liked "all kinds of sports and games" and was willing to try even those

games adults considered only for boys.

Amelia's first "flight"

In one of the more dramatic moments of Earhart's childhood, she, her

sister, and a neighbor boy built a roller coaster at the family's home in

Kansas City. The track began at the top of a tool-shed, about eight feet

off the ground.

The children, with a little help from their Uncle Carl Otis, constructed

the track from boards and greased it with lard. Amelia made the trial

run in a car made from an empty wooden crate.

Education

From the first grade, she attended the College Preparatory School in

Atchison. It was a tiny place, with only about 30 students, housed in a

building that used to be a stable. Amelia was bright, but her

independent spirit and lack of interest in recitation did not endear her

to the teachers. In high school, cheerleading was not enough for her,

she wanted to play on the basketball team.


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Her father Edwin, was well-educated, but tended to the impractical;

money just slipped through his fingers. His in-laws, the Otises, helped

him out a lot (including taking care of Amelia), but Edwin's

extravagance remained a problem. In 1908, he got a new job, with theRock Island railroad, which required him to move to Des Moines. Now,

the arrangement with the Atchison grandparents was no longer

feasible, so Amelia joined them in Iowa, and saw her first airplane, at

the 1908 Iowa State Fair. For a few years, Edwin did well, moving into a

newer, larger houses almost every year, as his income grew. But his

spendthrift nature won out, and he kept living beyond his means, and

increasingly turning to alcohol. He moved out for a time, but Amy(Amelia's mother) implored him to return.

The death of Amelia's grandparents, the Otises, was the final blow. The

Otises were quite wealthy, with an estate worth over $170,000 (a huge

sum in those days). While the will sought to provide for the

grandchildren, it excluded Edwin and Amy. A lengthy, messy struggle

ensued. During this time, Edwin had lost his job, and was forced toaccept a menial position in St. Paul, which required another family

move, to Minnesota.

In the 1913-14 school year, at St. Paul Central High School, where

Amelia was more in control of her own destiny, she did very well,

keeping a grade point average in the high eighties, with a curriculum

including Latin, German, and Physics.

After graduating from Hyde Park High School in 1915, Earhart attended

Ogontz, a girl's finishing school in the suburbs of Philadelphia. In her

three semesters there, Amelia played field hockey, studied Shakespeare

& Latin, and attended concerts of the Philadelphia Symphony. She left


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in the middle of her second year to work as a nurse's aide in a military

hospital in Canada during WWI, attended college, and later became a

social worker at Denison House, a settlement house in Boston.

Amelia and planes

When 10-year-old Amelia Mary Earhart saw her first plane at a state

fair, she was not impressed. "It was a thing of rusty wire and wood and

looked not at all interesting," she said. It wasn't until Earhart attended a

stunt-flying exhibition, almost a decade later, that she became seriouslyinterested in aviation. A pilot spotted Earhart and her friend, who were

watching from an isolated clearing, and dove at them. "I am sure he

said to himself, 'Watch me make them scamper,'" she said. Earhart,

who felt a mixture of fear and pleasure, stood her ground. As the plane

swooped by, something inside her awakened. "I did not understand it

at the time," she said, "but I believe that little red airplane said

something to me as it swished by."

On December 28, 1920, pilot Frank Hawks gave her a ride that would

forever change her life. "By the time I had got two or three hundred

feet off the ground," she said, "I knew I had to fly."

Learning to fly in California, she took up aviation as a hobby, taking odd

jobs to pay for her flying lessons. In 1922, with the financial help of her

sister, Muriel, and her mother, Amy Otis Earhart, she purchased herfirst airplane, a Kinner Airster.


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First air shows

Earhart took her first flying lesson on January 3, 1921, and in six months

managed to save enough money to buy her first plane. The second-hand Kinner Airster was a two-seater biplane painted bright yellow.

Earhart named the plane "Canary," and used it to set her first women's

record by rising to an altitude of 14,000 feet.

"The fact that my roadster was a cheerful canary color may have caused

some of the excitement. It had been modest enough in California, but

was a little outspoken for Boston, I found.

Following her parent's divorce, Amelia moved back east where she was

employed as a social worker in Denison House, in Boston,

Massachusetts. It was there she was selected to be the first female

passenger on a transatlantic flight, in 1928, by her future husband, the

publisher, George Palmer Putnam.

The first woman to fly the Atlantic

One afternoon in April 1928, a phone call came for Earhart at work.

"I'm too busy to answer just now," she said.


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After hearing that it was important, Earhart relented though at first she

thought it was a prank. It wasn't until the caller supplied excellent

references that she realized the man was serious.

"How would you like to be the first woman to fly the Atlantic?" he

asked, to which Earhart promptly replied, "Yes!"

After an interview in New York with the project coordinators, including

book publisher and publicist George P. Putnam, she was asked to join

pilot Wilmer "Bill" Stultz and co-pilot/mechanic Louis E. "Slim" Gordon.

The team left Trepassey harbor, Newfoundland, in a Fokker F7 named

Friendship on June 17, 1928, and arrived at Burry Port, Wales,approximately 21 hours later.

Their landmark flight made headlines worldwide, because three women

had died within the year trying to be that first woman. When the crew

returned to the United States they were greeted with a ticker-tape

parade in New York and a reception held by President Calvin Coolidge

at the White House.From then on, Earhart's life revolved around flying.She placed third at the Cleveland Women's Air Derby, later nicknamed

the "Powder Puff Derby" by Will Rogers.

Fashion

After a series of record-making flights, she became the first woman tomake a solo transatlantic flight in 1932. That same year, Amelia

developed flying clothes for the Ninety-Nines. Her first creation was a

flying suit with loose trousers, a zipper top and big pockets. Vogue


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advertised it with a two-page photo spread. Then, she began designing

her own line of clothes "for the woman who lives actively."

She dressed according to the occasion whether it was flying or an

elegant affair. She was most conscious of the image she projected.

Several New York garment manufacturers made an exclusive Amelia

Earhart line of clothes which were marketed in 30 cities, with one

exclusive store in each city, such as Macy's in New York and Marshall

Field's in Chicago.

The celebrity endorsements helped Earhart to finance her flying.

Accepting a position as associate editor at Cosmopolitan magazine, sheturned this forum into an opportunity to campaign for greater public

acceptance of aviation, especially focusing on the role of women

entering the field. In 1929, Earhart was among the first aviators to

promote commercial air travel through the development of a passenger

airline service.


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Celebrity image

Trading on her physical resemblance to Lindbergh, whom the press had

dubbed "Lucky Lindy," some newspapers and magazines began

referring to Earhart as "Lady Lindy." The United Press was more

grandiloquent; to them, Earhart was the reigning "Queen of the Air."

Immediately after her return to the United States, she undertook an

exhausting lecture tour (19281929). Meanwhile, Putnam had

undertaken to heavily promote her in a campaign including publishing a


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book she authored, a series of new lecture tours and using pictures of

her in mass market endorsements for products including luggage, Lucky

Strike cigarettes (this caused image problems for her, with McCall's

magazine retracting an offer) and women's clothing and sportswear.The money that she made with "Lucky Strike" had been earmarked for

a $1,500 donation to Commander Richard Byrd's imminent South Pole

expedition.

Rather than simply endorsing the products, Earhart actively became

involved in the promotions, especially in women's fashions. For a

number of years she had sewn her own clothes, but the "active living"

lines that were sold in 50 stores such as Macy's in metropolitan areas

were an expression of a new Earhart image. Her concept of simple,

natural lines matched with wrinkle-proof, washable materials was the

embodiment of a sleek, purposeful but feminine "A.E." ( the familiar

name she went by with family and friends). The luggage line that she

promoted (marketed as Modernaire Earhart Luggage) also bore her

unmistakable stamp. She ensured that the luggage met the demands ofair travel; it is still being produced today. A wide range of promotional

items would appear bearing the Earhart "image" and likewise, modern

equivalents are still being marketed to this day. The marketing

campaign by G.P. Putnam was successful in establishing the Earhart

mystique in the public psyche.

George P. Putnam - Amelia's Husband

As fate would have it, her life also began to include George Putnam.

The two developed a friendship during preparation for the Atlantic


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crossing and were married on February 7, 1931 but she continued her

aviation career under her maiden name. Intenting on retaining her

independence, she referred to the marriage as a "partnership" with

"dual control."

Amelia and George formed a successful partnership. George organized

Amelia's flights and public appearances, and arranged for her to

endorse a line of flight luggage and sports clothes.

Together they worked on secret plans for Earhart to become the first

woman and the second person to solo the Atlantic.

George had already published several writings by Charles Lindbergh,

and he saw Amelia's flight as a bestselling story for his publishing

house. With pilot Wilmer Stultz and mechanic Lou Gordon, Amelia flew

from Newfoundland to Wales aboard the trimotor planeFriendship .

Amelia's daring and courage were acclaimed around the world. Upon

the flight's completion, Amelia wrote the book 20 Hours - 40 Minutes.

George also published two of her books, The Fun of It , andLast Flight .

First woman to receive the Distinguished Flying Cross

On May 20, 1932, five years to the day after Lindbergh, she took off

from Harbor Grace, Newfoundland, to Paris. Strong north winds, icy

conditions and mechanical problems plagued the flight and forced her

to land in a pasture near Londonderry, Ireland. "After scaring most of

the cows in the neighborhood," she said, "I pulled up in a farmer's back

yard." As word of her flight spread, the media surrounded her, both

overseas and in the United States. President Herbert Hoover presented

Earhart with a gold medal from the National Geographic Society.


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Congress awarded her the Distinguished Flying Cross-the first ever

given to a woman. At the ceremony, Vice President Charles Curtis

praised her courage, saying she displayed "heroic courage and skill as a

navigator at the risk of her life." Earhart felt the flight proved that menand women were equal in "jobs requiring intelligence, coordination,

speed, coolness and willpower."

First person to fly solo between Honolulu, Hawaii and

Oakland, CaliforniaIn the years that followed, Earhart continued to break records. She set

an altitude record for autogyros of 18,415 feet that stood for years. On

January 11, 1935, she became the first person to fly solo across the

Pacific from Honolulu to Oakland, California. Chilled during the 2,408-

mile flight, she unpacked a thermos of hot chocolate. "Indeed," she

said, "that was the most interesting cup of chocolate I have ever had,

sitting up eight thousand feet over the middle of the Pacific Ocean,quite alone." Later that year she was the first to solo from Mexico City

to Newark. A large crowd "overflowed the field," and rushed Earhart's

plane. "I was rescued from my plane by husky policemen," she said,

"one of whom in the ensuing melee took possession of my right arm

and another of my left leg." The officers headed for a police car, but

chose different routes. "The arm-holder started to go one way, while he

who clasped my leg set out in the opposite direction. The result

provided the victim with a fleeting taste of the tortures of the rack. But,

at that," she said good-naturedly, "It was fine to be home again."


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Amelia Earhart as an Aviator

Amelia's flying accomplishments proved influential to American pilots

and pilots of the world alike. She was a creative impulse within the

Ninety-Nines organization, and a stimulus for womankind to replaceoutdated social norms. She encouraged women to hold fast to their

beliefs, follow their hearts, and always dare to dream.

"The more women fly, the more who become pilots, the quicker we will

be recognized as an important factor in aviation," said Amelia. Her

parting words to Louise Thaden, a fellow Ninety-Nine were, "If I should

bop off, it'll be doing the thing that I've always most wanted to do."

By becoming the first woman to cross the Atlantic in an airplane,

Amelia gained immediate fame. She is still remembered as the

outstanding female pilot of her time. She did not, however, seek to set

herself apart from other female pilots.

Final Flight

In 1937, as Earhart neared her 40th birthday, she was ready for a

monumental, and final, challenge. She wanted to be the first woman to

fly around the world. Despite a very dangerous attempt in March that

severely damaged her plane, a determined Earhart had the twin engine

Lockheed Electra rebuilt. "I have a feeling that there is just about one

more good flight left in my system, and I hope this trip is it," she said.

On June 1st, Earhart and her navigator Fred Noonan departed fromMiami and began the 29,000-mile journey. By June 29, when they

landed in Lae, New Guinea, all but 7,000 miles had been completed. In

that time often inaccurate maps had made navigation difficult for


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Noonan, and their next hop to Howland Island was, by far, the most

challenging.

At 10am local time, zero Greenwich time on July 2, the pair took off.

Despite favorable weather reports, they flew into overcast skies and

intermittent rain showers. This made Noonan's premier method of

tracking, celestial navigation, difficult. As dawn neared, Earhart called

the ITASCA, reporting "cloudy, weather cloudy." In later transmissions

earhart asked the ITASCA to take bearings on her. The ITASCA sent her

a steady stream of transmissions but she could not hear them. Her

radio transmissions, irregular through most of the flight, were faint or

interrupted with static. At 7:42 A.M. the Itasca picked up the message,

"We must be on you, but we cannot see you. Fuel is running low. Been

unable to reach you by radio. We are flying at 1,000 feet." The ship

tried to reply, but the plane seemed not to hear. At 8:45 Earhart

reported, "We are running north and south." Nothing further was heard

from Earhart.

A rescue attempt commenced immediately and became the most

extensive air and sea search in naval history thus far. On July 19, after

spending $4 million and scouring 250,000 square miles of ocean, the

United States government reluctantly called off the operation.

Across the United States there are streets, schools, and airports named

after her. Her birthplace, Atchison, Kansas, has been turned into a vi to

her memory. Amelia Earhart awards and scholarships are given outevery year.

In 1938, a lighthouse was constructed on Howland Island in her

memory.


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Theories

Today, though many theories exist, there is no proof of her fate. There

is no doubt, however, that the world will always remember Amelia

Earhart for her courage, vision, and groundbreaking achievements,

both in aviation and for women. In a letter to her husband, written incase a dangerous flight proved to be her last, this brave spirit was

evident.

"Please know I am quite aware of the hazards," she said. "I want to do

it because I want to do it. Women must try to do things as men have

tried. When they fail, their failure must be but a challenge to others."

Amelia Earhart endures in the American consciousness as one of theworld's most celebrated aviators. Amelia remains a symbol of the

power and perseverance of American women, and the adventurous

spirit so essential to the American persona.


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Movies and television

- Rosalind Russel film Flight for Freedom which was made in 1943was fictionalized treatment of Earharts life, but with a lot of

Hollywood world War II propaganda.- Film named Amelia Earhart was made in 1976,starring Susan Clark

and John Forsythe.

- Steven Spielberg film Close Encounters of the Third Kind showsAmelia Earhart walking out of the Mothership, with hundred

other alien abduction survivors.

- The Price of Courage (1993) from American Experience is adocumentary of Amelia Earhart.

- The 2004 film The Aviator in which Jane Lynch was cast as AmeliaEarhart. But the scenes where she is on, were cut.

- In the 2009 film Amelia an actress Hilary Swank was in the mainrole of Amelia. She was, also, in a co-executive producer of the

film.


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Fun Facts about Amelia Earhart:

- Amelia was named Amelia Mary Earhart after her two grandmothers,Amelia Harres Otis and Mary Wells Earhart - a family tradition.

- Amelia received the nickname "Meelie" from her younger sister Muriel,because as a young child, Muriel couldn't pronounce Amelia's name

correctly.

- Amelia was initially engaged to be married to a New Englander namedSam Chapman, whom she met while visiting her parents in Los Angeles.

- Shortly after her engagement to Sam Chapman ended, Amelia composedthe poem Courage.

- Amelia was the first female, and one of only a few to date, to receive theAir Force Distinguished Flying Cross

- Amelia's childhood pet, a large black dog, was named James Ferocious,because of his uneven temperament with strangers.

- Amelia and Muriel had two imaginary playmates, Laura and Ringa, withwhom they shared great adventures.

- Two of Amelia's favorite Atchison playmates were her cousins Lucy andKathryn Challis. Amelia and Muriel called them Toot and Katch.


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- This is Amelia Earhart home, Atchinson, KansasIt is neo-classical woodenVictorian architecture.


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Conclusion

In my opinion I have managed to present you all the achievements

Amelia has fought for. At her time, she was probably the most beloved

woman in America. Amelia Earhart was a great, adventurous woman

who was full of life. She was interested in many things unlike the other

women in her society. Today, in the world, we have the women who

fight for similar rights. Women like Eleanor Roosevelt, Laura Bush, and

even Oprah Winfrey are another example of an influential role model

for women today. The world certainly lost something with the death ofAmelia Earhart, but she left behind a road for women to follow her

footsteps.


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Reference:

http://acepilots.com/airplanes/country/american/lockheed-electra-10a-and-10c/

www.acepilots.com/earhart.html

www.ellensplace.net/ae_eyrs.html

www.notablebiographies.com/Du-Fi/Earhart-Amelia.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/
http://acepilots.com/airplanes/country/american/lockheed-electra-10a-and-10c/http://www.acepilots.com/earhart.htmlhttp://www.ellensplace.net/ae_eyrs.htmlhttp://www.notablebiographies.com/Du-Fi/Earhart-Amelia.htmlhttp://www.notablebiographies.com/Du-Fi/Earhart-Amelia.htmlhttp://www.ellensplace.net/ae_eyrs.htmlhttp://www.acepilots.com/earhart.htmlhttp://acepilots.com/airplanes/country/american/lockheed-electra-10a-and-10c/

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Amelia Earhart4