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An English-Chinese Glossary of Terms

Commonly Used in the

Teaching of

Information and Communication Technology

in Secondary Schools

Technology Education Section, Curriculum Development Institute

Education Bureau, HKSARG

Updates in December 2016

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CONTENT

Content 2

Preamble 3

Explanatory Notes 4

English-Chinese Glossary 5-37

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5-37

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PREAMBLE

This glossary provides Chinese translations of those English terms commonly used in

the teaching of enriched Technology Education Key Learning Area Curriculum (Secondary

1-3) Information and Communication Technology Knowledge Context and Information and

Communication Technology (Secondary 4-6) for the reference of teachers, students and other

stakeholders. Comments on the glossary are welcome. Please contact the Chief Curriculum

Development Officer (Technology Education), Curriculum Development Institute, Education

Bureau, at Room W101, 1/F, West Block, EDB Kowloon Tong Education Services Centre, 19

Suffolk Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, email: teched@edb.gov.hk .

()

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W101 teched@edb.gov.hk

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EXPLANATORY NOTES

1. The English terms, simple or compound, included in the glossary are listed in

alphabetical order, e.g. the terms aggregate function is considered beginning with the

letter a.

2. Common abbreviations of some English terms are enclosed in brackets beside the terms,

e.g. Application Service Provider (ASP).

3. If more than one Chinese version is given for an English term, the different Chinese

translations are separated by a semi-colon, e.g. address .

4. If an English term has different meanings, the corresponding Chinese translations are

preceded by numerals (1), (2), and separated by a comma, e.g. operator (1)

(2).

1.

aggregate function a

2. Application

Service Provider (ASP)

3. address

4. (1)(2)

operator (1)(2)

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A

Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)

Access Point (AP)

accumulator

actual argument

actual parameter

adapter

adder

address

addressing mode

Advanced Research Project Agency Network

(ARPANET)

adware

aggregate function

algorithm

aliasing

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

American Standard Code for Information

Interchange (ASCII)

analog / analogue

Analog Digital Converter (ADC)

anchor

applet

application layer

Application Service Provider (ASP)

argument

Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)

array

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Artificial Intelligence (AI)

assembler

assembly language

assignment statement

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)

asynchronous transfer mode

attenuation

attribute

Audio Video Interleave (AVI)

Augmented Reality (AR)

Automatic Teller Machine (ATM)

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B

back pointer

backbone

Backus-Naur Form (BNF)

bandwidth

bar code

baseband

Basic Input / Output System (BIOS)

batch processing

baud

Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction

Code (BASIC) Language

Beginning Of File (BOF)

BIG-5 code

Binary Coded Decimal (BCD)

bit

binary file

binary relationship

binary search

binary tree

bitmap

bits per second (bps)

bitwise complement

block diagram

blog

Bluetooth

Boolean

boot

8

bootstrap

breadth-first search

broadband

bubble sort

buffer (1) (2)

bug

Bulletin Board System (BBS)

bundled software

bus

byte

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C

cache

call by address

call by reference

call by result

call by value

candidate key

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision

Avoidance (CSMA/CA)

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision

Detect (CSMA/CD)

Cascading Style Sheet (CSS)

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Certificate Authority (CA)

character

character head

check box

check digit

checksum

Chinese Character Code for Information

Interchange (CCCII)

chip

circuit switch

client-side

cluster

coaxial cable

code (1)(2)

coder-decoder (codec)

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Colour Graphics Adapter (CGA)

command line interface

Common Business-Oriented Language (COBOL)

Common Gateway Interface (CGI)

communication port

Compact Disc (CD)

Compact Disc Interactive (CD-I)

Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM)

Compact Disc Recordable (CD-R)

Compact Disc Rewritable (CD-RW)

compiler

Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor

(CMOS)

Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC)

computer

Computer Aided Design (CAD)

Computer Aided Instruction (CAI)

Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)

Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE)

Computer Assisted Learning (CAL)

Computer Based Training (CBT)

console

constant

coprocessor

cracking

cryptography

Current Instruction Register (CIR)

cursor

Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)

11

cylinder

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D

Data Definition Language (DDL)

data dependence

data description language

Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

data link layer

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

data mining

data redundancy

data sink

data structure

data warehouse

database

Database Administrator (DBA)

Database Management System (DBMS)

database query language

deadlock

debug

Decision Support System (DSS)

declarative language

decode

decryption

defragmentation software

delimiter

Denial of Service (DoS)

depth-first search

Desktop Publishing (DTP)

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Digital Analog Converter (DAC)

Digital Audio Tape (DAT)

digital divide

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)

Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)

direct cutover conversion

Direct Memory Access (DMA)

directory

diskette

distributed system

domain integrity

Domain Name System (DNS)

dot matrix

dot pitch

Double-Byte Character Set (DBCS)

Double-Data-Rate Synchronous Dynamic

Random Access Memory (DDR SDRAM)

driver

Dual In-line Memory Module (DIMM)

dummy argument

duplex

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language (DHTML)

Dynamic Link Library (DLL)

Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM)

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E

Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only

Memory (EEPROM)

Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)

Electronic Data Processing (EDP)

Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT)

Electronic Payment System

Electronic Service Delivery (ESD)

embedded system

encode

encryption

End Of File (EOF)

Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA)

entity integrity

Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

equi-join

Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

(EPROM)

ergonomics

ethernet

exception handling

explicit declaration

expression

Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange

Code (EBCDIC)

/

Extended Graphics Array (XGA)

Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA)

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Extensible Hypertext Markup Language

(XHTML)

Extensible Markup Language (XML)

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F

fault tolerant

fetch-decode-execute cycle

Fibre Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)

field

File Allocation Table (FAT)

File Control Block (FCB)

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

firewall

firewire

firmware

First Normal Form (1NF)

First-In First-Out (FIFO)

flag

flash memory

flip-flop

floppy disk

flowchart

footer (1)(2)

foreign key

formal argument

formal parameter

frame (1)(2)

Frame Check Sequence (FCS)

freeware

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G

Gantt chart

Garbage-In Garbage-Out (GIGO)

gateway

Geographic Information System (GIS)

Global Positioning System (GPS)

global variable

grandfather-father-son technique

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)

Guo Biao (GB) code

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H

hacking

handshaking

hang

hard disk

hardware

header (1)(2)

hierarchical model

high level language

homepage

Hong Kong Supplementary Character Set

(HKSCS)

hub

Human Computer Interface (HCI)

hyperlink

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

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I

icon

identifier

implicit declaration

index key

Industry Standard Architecture (ISA)

Infrared Data Association (IrDA) port

initial program load

initialisation

inorder transversal

Input/Output (I/O) device //

Input-Process-Output (IPO) cycle

insertion sort

instance

Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineer

(IEEE)

Instruction Register (IR)

Integrated Circuit (IC)

Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE)

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)

International Organisation for Standardisation

(ISO)

Internet

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)

Internet Network Information Center (InterNIC)

Internet of things (IoT)

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Internet Protocol (IP)

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

interoperability

interpreter

interrupt handler

Interrupt Request (IRQ)

intranet

IPsec

iteration

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J

Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG)

jumper

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K

kernel

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L

Large Scale Integration (LSI)

Last-In First-Out (LIFO)

latency

leased line

lexical analysis

Line Feed (LF)

linear linked list

linear search

linked list

linker

loader

Local Area Network (LAN)

local variable

loop

low level language

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M

machine language

magnetic core memory

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR)

Magneto-Optical (MO) disk

mail merge

main memory

mainframe computer

malware

Management Information System (MIS)

mask

master-slave

Media Access Control (MAC)

Memory Address Register (MAR)

Memory Data Register (MDR)

menu

merge sort

metadata

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

microcomputer

minicomputer

mirror

mnemonic

modularity

modulator-demodulator (modem)

morphing

Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG)

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multicast

multiplexing

multiprocessing

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (MIME)

multitasking

multithreading

Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI)

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N

natural

Near Field Communication (NFC)

nested function

nested loop

netiquette

Network Address Translation (NAT)

Network Interface Card (NIC)

network layer

Network Time Protocol (NTP)

network topology

node

normalisation

null

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O

Object Linking and Embedding (OLE)

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

one-dimensional array

one's complement

open source software

Open System Interconnection (OSI)

operand

Operating System (OS)

operation code (op-code)

operator (1)(2)

Optical Character Recognition (OCR)

Optical Mark Recognition (OMR)

outer join

overflow error

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P

packet switching

parallel conversion

parallel port

parameter

parameter passing

parity

parity bit

parity check

parser

PCMCIA card (PC card)

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) file sharing software

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network

Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)

Personal Area Network (PAN)

Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)

Personal Identity Number (PIN)

phased conversion

phishing

physical layer

picture element (pixel)

pilot conversion

pipelining

pitch (1)(2)

pivot table

Plug and Play (PnP)

plug-in

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pointer

Point-Of-Sale (POS) terminal

Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)

Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE)

Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)

Polish notation

polling

polymorphism

Portable Document Format (PDF)

Portable Network Graphics (PNG)

portal

Post Office Protocol (POP)

presentation layer

primary key

private key

procedural language

program

Program Counter (PC)

Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM)

protocol layer

prototype

proxy server

pseudocode

public key

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)

Public Non-exclusive Electronic Transmission

Services (PNETS)

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Q

query by example

queue

quick sort

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R

radical

radio button

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

Random Access Memory (RAM)

ransomware

Rapid Application Development (RAD)

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

Really Simple Syndication (RSS)

real-time processing

recursion

Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC)

Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID)

referential integrity

register

Relational Database Management System

(RDBMS)

Remote Procedure Call (RPC)

repeater

reserved word

resolution

Rich Text Format (RTF)

root directory

rounding error

router

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

run

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S

scalar type

schema

scripting language

search engine

Second Normal Form (2NF)

secondary key

secondary storage

sector

Secure Electronic Transaction (SET)

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)

segment

serial port

server-side

session layer

shareware

Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)

Short Message Service (SMS)

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

simplex

slot

Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI)

software

source code

spamming

spooling

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spyware

stack

Static Random Access Memory (SRAM)

Status Register (SR)

stepwise refinement

streaming

string

structure chart

Structured Query Language (SQL)

stub

subdirectory

subnet

sub-program

Super Video Graphics Array (SVGA)

supercomputer

switch

Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC)

Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory

(SDRAM)

syntax

System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

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T

Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)

telecommunication

telecommuting

telnet

terminal

Thin-Film Transistor (TFT)

Third Normal Form (3NF)

token

token ring

track

trailer

transcription error

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

transport layer

traversal

tree structure

trial-and-error approach

Trojan program

truncation error

truth table

tweening

twisted pair

two-dimensional array

two's complement

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U

underflow error

Unicode

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)

Universal Product Code (UPC)

Universal Serial Bus (USB)

Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

utility software

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V

validation

variable

verification

Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI)

Video Compact Disc (VCD)

Video Graphics Array (VGA)

Video On Demand (VOD)

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

Virtual Reality (VR)

Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML)

Visual Display Unit (VDU)

volatility

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W

waterfall model

what-if analysis

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)

Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)

Wireless Markup Language (WML)

World Wide Web (WWW)

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

worm

Write-Once Read-Many (WORM)